CN106033490B - A kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology - Google Patents
A kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106033490B CN106033490B CN201510107225.1A CN201510107225A CN106033490B CN 106033490 B CN106033490 B CN 106033490B CN 201510107225 A CN201510107225 A CN 201510107225A CN 106033490 B CN106033490 B CN 106033490B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to remote sensing geology technical fields, and in particular to a kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology.The method of the present invention includes the following steps: determining degree of rock weathering index of correlation；Analyze the coupled relation of degree of rock weathering and formation lithology, slope grade；Construct degree of rock weathering indicatrix；Establish degree of rock weathering characteristic model.The present invention solves existing method and is difficult to the technical issues of accurately and rapidly extracting degree of rock weathering, play the advantage that remote sensing is quick, large area obtains information, degree of rock weathering can be accurately and rapidly extracted, the degree of rock weathering that can be used for mass data divides.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to remote sensing geology technical fields, and in particular to a kind of degree of rock weathering based on satellite remote sensing technology
Extracting method.
Background technique
Rock weathering effect is to instigate rock mineral composition, configuration state and physico-mechanical properties etc. changed various
The synthesis of effect mainly includes the various influencing factors such as the sun, big gas and water and biology.
One of an important factor for weathering is influence rock engineering property, the accurate atmospheric disintegration of rocks degree that divides is set for engineering
Meter provides an important content of the design parameter of safety.The division and Study on engineering properties of degree of rock weathering, for large size
The selection of the engineering constructions basal plane such as hydroelectric project, skyscraper, road and bridge and the determination of Base foundation design arrangement and method for construction
Key effect is played, is also of great significance to the stabilization and slope project of evaluation country rock.Mineral caused by rock weathering
Composition, the variation of structure construction are totally unfavorable to engineering activity, and caused geology, engineering project disaster are more and more, such as build base
The stabilization of plinth, stabilization of side slope etc. are all related with atmospheric disintegration of rocks.
Domestic and international project geology bound pair is in the research of rock weathering mainly with the ground such as field investigation and physical prospecting, probing at present
Based on the method for face, engineering geology qualitative evaluating method is mostly used for the division of degree of rock weathering, from rock texture, rock face
Color, mineralogical composition, catalase degree etc. comprehensive analysis determine.Also part experts and scholars begin one's study rock weathering journey
The quantitative division of degree.
Remote sensing technology is the emerging comprehensive Detection Techniques to grow up the 1960s, it has concentrated sky
Between, the last word of electronics, optics, computer communication and the subjects such as ground, be widely used in military affairs, ocean, meteorology, the earth
The fields such as resource investigation, environmental monitoring are an important components of contemporary new and high technology.With the development of satellite remote sensing,
Remote sensing technology is also introduced into the research of degree of rock weathering, and remote sensing technology is introduced rate of decay and is divided, is mainly considered
To their space data collection, managerial ability and powerful spatial data analysis ability, divided as rate of decay
Analysis tool carrys out the process of accelerated weathering degree division.The method master that rate of decay is studied currently with satellite remote sensing date
Will there are two types of: Spectral Characteristics Analysis method and visual interpretation method.
Specifically, existing rock weathering research method is primarily present following defect:
(1) huge using the human and material resources of surface process research rate of decay investment, financial resources, working efficiency is also very low,
It is difficult to meet the needs of studying under mass data background rate of decay；In addition, for many complicated geology regions, it is especially high
Vegetation-covered area, it is difficult to realize using surface process research rate of decay.
(2) be primarily present following problems using the spectral signature research rate of decay of rock: 1. vegetation coverage is larger etc.
Small (few) area of rock exposure, can not react the spectral signature of rock, the interpretation of degree of rock weathering is made to meet difficulty；2. for
The case where different spectrum of jljl, same object different images, the weathering precision that solution translates is decreased obviously, or even mistake occurs；3. " geotechnical engineering investigation
Specification " rock matter is fresh, and color is bright and new is described as to gentle breeze in (GB50021-2001), accordingly, it is difficult to pass through spectral signature
Study gentle breeze.
(3) remote sensing visual interpretation interpretation rate of decay is utilized, not only time loss is larger, but also is difficult to accurately divide rock
Rate of decay.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the invention are as follows: the prior art is difficult to accurately and rapidly extract degree of rock weathering.
It is described that technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology, comprising the following steps:
Step 1. determines degree of rock weathering index of correlation: determining formation lithology and the gradient is to establish degree of rock weathering to draw
The index of correlation of sub-model；
Step 2. analyzes the coupled relation of degree of rock weathering and formation lithology, slope grade；
Step 3. constructs degree of rock weathering indicatrix: utilizing satellite remote sensing date, will study area in conjunction with ground observation
Interior geologic setting divides different geologic elements, and randomly selecting rate of decay respectively is completely decomposed, severely-weathered, weak weathering and micro-
Each N number of geologic element of weathering；For N number of geologic element of same rate of decay, the rock area for counting each slope grade is accounted for
The percentage of N number of geologic element gross area, draws the indicatrix of the rate of decay rock；
Step 4. establishes degree of rock weathering characteristic model: according to degree of rock weathering indicatrix described in step 3, establishing
Degree of rock weathering characteristic model.
As a preferred solution: the gradient is divided into I, II, III, IV, V Pyatyi, each range of grade is successively in step 2
For [0 °, 5 °), [5 °, 15 °), [15 °, 25 °), [25 °, 35 °), [35 °, 90 °].
As a preferred solution: in step 3, N=100.
As a preferred solution: in step 4, when the area percentage that slope grade is II is greater than the area that slope grade is III
When percentage, judge the degree of rock weathering for completely decomposed；Do not consider it is determined that being the rock of completely decomposed, when slope grade is
When II area percentage is greater than the area percentage that slope grade is IV, judge the degree of rock weathering to be severely-weathered；It does not examine
Consider it is determined that being IV when the area percentage that slope grade is III is greater than slope grade for completely decomposed, severely-weathered rock
When area percentage, judge the degree of rock weathering for weak weathering；Remaining atmospheric disintegration of rocks degree is judged as gentle breeze.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) a kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention plays remote sensing quickly, greatly
Area obtains the advantage of information, can accurately and rapidly extract degree of rock weathering, can be used for the rock weathering of mass data
Degree divides；
(2) a kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention, utilizes satellite remote sensing number
According to the precision for dividing degree of rock weathering, basic data is provided for Rock And Soil grade classification and engineering construction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method flow chart based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of degree of rock weathering of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention
Indicatrix.
Specific embodiment
A kind of degree of rock weathering based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention is extracted with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
Method is described in detail.
A kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1. determines degree of rock weathering index of correlation
It chooses type testing area and carries out field exploration test, on existing Research foundation, analysis degree of rock weathering and ground
The relationship of matter environmental factor determines the indexs such as formation lithology, the gradient to degree of rock weathering with extremely strong indicative function
For alternative index, since remote sensing technology is quite mature in terms of Lithology Discrimination and Slope-extraction, it is thus determined that formation lithology
It is to establish the index of correlation of degree of rock weathering partitioning model with the gradient.
The coupled relation that step 2. analyzes degree of rock weathering and formation lithology, the gradient are classified
About formation lithology:
The weatherability difference of different rock types because of lithology difference, the mineralogical composition of rock, particle size,
Matter age etc. can influence the weatherability of rock.Under normal circumstances, same lithology, the epoch more ancient easier wind of rock
Change；The rock in same epoch, formation hardness higher grade, and degree of rock weathering is lower.
It is classified about the gradient:
The gradient has great indicative function for degree of rock weathering, and rock is by wind such as freeze thawing, wind erosion, solarizations
After change effect, due to by gravity, the outer power transportation such as washing away, more stable geomorphic feature, Ke Yitong are ultimately formed
Different geomorphic features is crossed, protolith property is judged.Under normal circumstances, the more gentle area of the gradient area steeper than the gradient
Degree of rock weathering is big.The gradient is extracted according to DEM, it will in conjunction with " GBT15772-2008 Comprehensive Control of Soil Conservation plans general rule "
The gradient is divided into I, II, III, IV, V Pyatyi, each range of grade be followed successively by 5 ° of <, 5 °~15 °, 15 °~25 °, 25 °~
35 °, 35 ° of >.
Step 3. constructs degree of rock weathering indicatrix
The interpretation of rock weathering layer is directly affected whether accurate by Lithology Discrimination accuracy.Lithology on region we
It can be directly obtained by the methods of remote Sensing Interpretation, field observation, sampling and testing.The biggish rock of outcrop area on one region
Region lithological characteristic can be represented.Using satellite remote sensing date, the geologic setting in area will be studied according to ground in conjunction with ground observation
Layer, lithology are divided into different geologic elements.
It is tested by ground observation, on the basis of dividing geologic element body, counts each slope grade and rock weathering journey
The relationship of degree, the coupled relation of analysis degree of rock weathering and gradient classification, formation lithology, constructs gradient graded features curve.
The non-weathering of rock is not present in the rock of field exposure, therefore, randomly selects completely decomposed, severely-weathered, weak weathering respectively
With each 100 geologic elements of gentle breezeization, counts gradient area at different levels in the geologic element of same rate of decay and account for the geologic element
The percentage of the body gross area.Gradient graded features curve is as shown in Figure 2.
Step 4. establishes degree of rock weathering characteristic model
By analysis gradient graded features curve, following degree of rock weathering characteristic model is established:
(1) when the area percentage that slope grade is II is greater than the area percentage that slope grade is III, judge the rock
Stone rate of decay is completely decomposed；
(2) do not consider it is determined that being the rock of completely decomposed, when the area percentage that slope grade is II is greater than gradient etc.
When the area percentage that grade is IV, judge the degree of rock weathering to be severely-weathered；
(3) do not consider it is determined that for completely decomposed, severely-weathered rock, when the area percentage that slope grade is III is greater than
When the area percentage that slope grade is IV, judge the degree of rock weathering for weak weathering；
(4) remaining atmospheric disintegration of rocks degree is judged as gentle breeze.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of degree of rock weathering extracting method based on satellite remote sensing technology, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1. determines degree of rock weathering index of correlation: determining formation lithology and the gradient is to establish degree of rock weathering to divide mould
The index of correlation of type；
Step 2. analyzes the coupled relation of degree of rock weathering and formation lithology, slope grade；
Step 3. constructs degree of rock weathering indicatrix: utilizing satellite remote sensing date, will study in area in conjunction with ground observation
Geologic setting divides different geologic elements, and randomly selecting rate of decay respectively is completely decomposed, severely-weathered, weak weathering and gentle breeze
Each N number of geologic element；For N number of geologic element of same rate of decay, counting the rock area of each slope grade, to account for this N number of
The percentage of the geologic element gross area draws the indicatrix of the rate of decay rock；
Step 4. establishes degree of rock weathering characteristic model: according to degree of rock weathering indicatrix described in step 3, establishing rock
Rate of decay characteristic model；
In step 2, the gradient is divided into I, II, III, IV, V Pyatyi, each range of grade be followed successively by [0 °, 5 °), [5 °,
15 °), [15 °, 25 °), [25 °, 35 °), [35 °, 90 °]；
In step 3, N=100；
In step 4, when the area percentage that slope grade is II is greater than the area percentage that slope grade is III, the rock is judged
Stone rate of decay is completely decomposed；Do not consider it is determined that being the rock of completely decomposed, when the area percentage that slope grade is II is big
When slope grade is IV area percentage, judge the degree of rock weathering to be severely-weathered；Do not consider it is determined that for full blast
Change, severely-weathered rock, when the area percentage that slope grade is III is greater than the area percentage that slope grade is IV, judgement
The degree of rock weathering is weak weathering；Remaining atmospheric disintegration of rocks degree is judged as gentle breeze.
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| CN102651053A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-29 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Evaluation method of debris flow disaster risk based on Bayesian network model |
| CN103605879A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-26 | 重庆大学 | Mountainous village and town construction land suitability assessment method based on geological disaster |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102651053A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-29 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Evaluation method of debris flow disaster risk based on Bayesian network model |
| CN103605879A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-26 | 重庆大学 | Mountainous village and town construction land suitability assessment method based on geological disaster |
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