CN106028809A - 包含悬浮农药、纤维素醚和增稠剂的含水农业配制剂 - Google Patents
包含悬浮农药、纤维素醚和增稠剂的含水农业配制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106028809A CN106028809A CN201580009182.1A CN201580009182A CN106028809A CN 106028809 A CN106028809 A CN 106028809A CN 201580009182 A CN201580009182 A CN 201580009182A CN 106028809 A CN106028809 A CN 106028809A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含水组合物,其包含呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药、选自甲基羟乙基纤维素或甲基羟丙基纤维素的纤维素醚,和选自无机粘土或不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖的增稠剂。此外,本发明涉及一种制备该组合物的方法;涉及一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使所述组合物作用在相应的有害物、其环境或待保护以防相应有害物的植物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或作物和/或其环境;此外涉及包含所述组合物的种子。
Description
本发明涉及一种含水组合物,其包含呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药、选自甲基羟乙基纤维素或甲基羟丙基纤维素的纤维素醚,和选自无机粘土或不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖的增稠剂。此外,本发明涉及一种制备该组合物的方法;一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使所述组合物作用在相应的有害物、其环境或待保护以防相应有害物的植物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或作物和/或其环境;此外涉及包含所述组合物的种子。本发明包括优选特征与其他优选特征的组合。
悬浮农药颗粒的储存稳定性是农业化学配制剂中的一个常见问题。已知试图避免该问题的若干添加剂和方法。然而,仍需要进一步改善该类配制剂的储存稳定性。
现有技术的缺点尤其在于:不能获得配制剂的高储存稳定性;无法减慢或抑制悬浮农业化学活性物质的颗粒尺寸生长;无法减慢或抑制悬浮农业化学活性物质的附聚;无法减慢或抑制悬浮农业化学活性物质的沉降。因此,本发明的目的是克服这些缺点。
所述目的通过一种含水组合物实现,其包含:
-呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药,
-选自甲基羟乙基纤维素或甲基羟丙基纤维素的纤维素醚,和
-选自无机粘土或不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖的增稠剂。
纤维素醚是公知的化合物,其可作为由Dow ChemicalCompany商购获得,或者作为由Hercules商购获得。其可通过多糖纤维素的醚化制备。所述生产方法可在若干步骤的任一个中进行。通常发生的反应为碱化和烷基化。这些反应可在存在或不存在溶剂下进行。纯纤维素由于氢键接的羟基而具有大晶区,因此不溶于水和大多数有机溶剂中。在纤维素醚生产的第一步骤中,可用氢氧化钠将纤维素活化以变成碱性纤维素。在一些方法中,碱性纤维素的氧化降解要比纤维素快得多。聚合度的受控降低允许调节最终产品的溶液粘度。通过选择取代基,纤维素醚的类型得以确定。混合醚可通过使用反应物的混合物或者通过逐步加成取代基而制备。该反应步骤可在压力和升高的温度下进行。烷基化可使用烷基卤进行。当使用环氧化物时,该方法称为烷氧基化。与所有聚合物反应相同,该反应可能沿聚合物链不均匀地进行。
所述纤维素醚选自甲基羟乙基纤维素或甲基羟丙基纤维素。优选的纤维素醚为甲基羟丙基纤维素。
所述纤维素醚可具有在水中在20℃下至少3g/l,优选至少10g/l,特别是至少20g/l的溶解度。
纤维素醚的分子量通常通过其运动或动态粘度确定。较低的粘度通常意味着纤维素醚具有较低的分子量。
所述纤维素醚可具有在20℃下至多500mPas,优选至多50mPas,更优选至多10mPas,特别是至多5mPas的运动粘度。运动粘度可根据Ubbelohde在20℃下使用2重量%(干纤维素醚)水溶液测定。
所述纤维素醚可具有在20℃下至多500mPas,优选至多50mPas,更优选至多10mPas,特别是至多5mPas的动态粘度。动态粘度根据Hoeppler在20℃下使用2重量%(具有5%湿度的纤维素醚)水溶液测定。
所述纤维素醚可具有在20℃下至多200mPas,优选至多100mPas,更优选至多40mPas,特别是至多20mPas的布鲁克菲尔德粘度。动态粘度可根据布鲁克菲尔德在20℃下使用2重量%水溶液在20rpm下测定。
所述纤维素醚可包含15-40重量%,优选22-35重量%,特别是26-32重量%的甲氧基。
所述纤维素醚可包含3-30重量%,优选4-20重量%,特别是5-14重量%的羟基乙氧基或羟基丙氧基。
所述组合物通常包含2-100g/l,优选4-50g/l,特别是5-30g/l的纤维素醚。
所述增稠剂选自无机粘土或不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖。任何上述增稠剂的混合物也是合适的。
合适的无机粘度为膨润土(例如)、硅酸镁铝(例如)和绿土(例如VAN)。
所述增稠剂优选选自不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖。优选的多糖为多糖胶(例如结冷胶、节路顿胶、黄原胶、瓜耳胶、阿拉伯树胶、黄蓍胶、刺梧桐树胶、刺云实胶、刺槐树胶、琼脂、角叉菜聚糖、藻酸,藻酸盐(例如钠、钾、铵或钙盐)),淀粉及其衍生物。任何上述增稠剂的混合物也是合适的。优选的增稠剂为多糖胶。所述增稠剂特别选自黄原胶。
所述组合物可包含至多10g/l,优选至多5g/l,特别是至多2g/l的增稠剂。
术语农药是指至少一种选自如下组的活性物质:杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、除草剂、安全剂、生物农药和/或生长调节剂。优选的农药为杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、除草剂和生长调节剂。尤其优选的农药为杀真菌剂。也可使用上述类别中两种或更多种农药的混合物。本领域技术人员熟知该类农药,其可参见例如Pesticide Manual,第16版(2013),The British CropProtection Council,London。合适的杀虫剂为选自如下类别的杀虫剂:氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷酸酯类、有机氯杀虫剂、苯基吡唑类、拟除虫菊酯类、新烟碱类、斯皮诺素类(spinosin)、阿维菌素(avermectin)类、米尔贝霉素(milbemycin)类、保幼激素类似物、烷基卤、有机锡化合物、沙蚕毒素类似物、苯甲酰脲类、双酰肼类、METI杀螨剂;以及杀虫剂如氯化苦(chloropicrin)、拒嗪酮(pymetrozin)、氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)、四螨嗪(clofentezin)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)、特苯唑(etoxazole)、杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron)、克螨特(propargite)、三氯杀螨砜(tetradifon)、氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)、二硝甲酚(DNOC)、噻嗪酮(buprofezine)、灭蝇胺(cyromazin)、虫螨脒(amitraz)、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon)、灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim)、鱼藤酮(rotenone)或其衍生物。合适的杀真菌剂为选自如下类别的杀真菌剂:二硝基苯胺类、烯丙基胺类、苯胺基嘧啶类、抗生素、芳族烃、苯磺酰胺类、苯并咪唑类、苯并异噻唑类、二苯甲酮类、苯并噻二唑类、苯并三嗪类、苄基氨基甲酸酯类、氨基甲酸酯类、羧酰胺类、羧酸二酰胺类、氯代腈类、氰基乙酰胺肟类、氰基咪唑类、环丙烷羧酰胺类、二羧酰亚胺类、二氢二嗪类、二硝基苯基巴豆酸酯类、二硫代氨基甲酸酯类、二硫戊环类、乙基膦酸酯类、乙基氨基噻唑羧酰胺类、胍类、羟基-(2-氨基)嘧啶类、羟基酰替苯胺类、咪唑类、咪唑啉酮类、无机物质、异苯并呋喃酮类、甲氧基丙烯酸酯类、甲氧基氨基甲酸酯类、吗啉类、N-苯基氨基甲酸酯类、唑烷二酮类、肟基乙酸酯类、肟基乙酰胺类、肽基嘧啶核苷、苯基乙酰胺类、苯基酰胺类、苯基吡咯类、苯基脲类、膦酸酯类、硫代磷酸酯类、邻氨甲酰苯甲酸类、苯邻二甲酰亚胺类、哌嗪类、哌啶类、丙酰胺类、哒嗪酮类、吡啶类、吡啶基甲基苯甲酰胺类、嘧啶胺类、嘧啶类、嘧啶酮腙类、吡咯并喹啉酮类、喹唑啉酮类、喹啉类、醌类、磺酰胺类、氨磺酰三唑类、噻唑羧酰胺类、硫代氨基甲酸酯类、托布津类(thiophanates)、噻吩羧酰胺类、甲苯甲酰胺类、三苯基锡化合物、三嗪类、三唑类。合适的除草剂为选自如下类别的除草剂:乙酰胺类、酰胺类、芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯类、苯甲酰胺类、苯并呋喃、苯甲酸类、苯并噻二嗪酮类、联吡啶氨基甲酸酯类、氯代乙酰胺类、氯代羧酸类、环己烷二酮类、二硝基苯胺类、二硝基苯酚类、二苯基醚类、甘氨酸类、咪唑啉酮类、异唑类、异唑烷酮类、腈类、N-苯基苯邻二甲酰亚胺类、二唑类、唑烷二酮类、氧乙酰胺类、苯氧基羧酸类、苯基氨基甲酸酯类、苯基吡唑类、苯基吡唑啉类、苯基哒嗪类、次膦酸类、氨基磷酸酯类、二硫代磷酸酯类、邻氨甲酰苯甲酸酯类、吡唑类、哒嗪酮类、吡啶类、吡啶羧酸类、吡啶羧酰胺类、嘧啶二酮类、嘧啶基(硫代)苯甲酸酯类、喹啉羧酸类、缩氨基脲类、磺酰氨基羰基三唑啉酮类、磺酰脲类、四唑啉酮类、噻二唑类、硫代氨基甲酸酯类、三嗪类、三嗪酮类、三唑类、三唑啉酮类、三唑羧酰胺类、三唑并嘧啶类、三酮类、尿嘧啶类、脲类。
本发明的组合物包含水不溶性农药。其可包含一种或多种水不溶性农药。在大多数情况下,所述水不溶性农药在20℃可不超过10g/l,优选不超过1g/l,特别是不超过0.5g/l地溶于水中。
所述水不溶性农药通常具有高于30℃,优选高于50℃,尤其是高于70℃的熔点。
本发明的组合物通常包含0.5-70重量%,优选1-50重量%,特别是1-30重量%的水不溶性农药。
本发明的组合物优选以农业化学组合物的形式存在。此处,组合物类型的实例为悬浮液(SC,OD,FS)或悬浮乳液(SE)。所述组合物以已知方式制备,例如如Mollet和Grubemann,Formulation technology,Wiley VCH,Weinheim,2001;或Knowles,New developments in crop protection productformulation,Agrow Reports DS243,T&F Informa,London,2005所述。
悬浮液(SC,OD,FS)的实例为:在搅拌的球磨机中在加入10重量份分散剂和润湿剂以及70重量份水或有机溶剂下将20重量份活性物质粉碎,从而得到细活性物质悬浮液。在稀释于水中后得到稳定的活性物质悬浮液。该组合物的活性物质含量为20重量%。
悬浮液(FS)的另一实例为:在搅拌釜中在添加2-10重量%分散剂和润湿剂(例如木素磺酸钠和醇乙氧基化物)、0.1-2重量%增稠剂(例如黄原胶)和加至100重量%水或合适的油下将1-60重量%农药粉碎,从而得到细活性物质悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性物质悬浮液。对FS型组合物而言,添加至多40重量%的粘合剂(例如聚乙烯醇)。
合适助剂的实例为溶剂,液体载体,固体载体或填料,表面活性剂,分散剂,乳化剂,润湿剂,辅助剂,加溶剂,渗透促进剂,保护性胶体,粘附剂,保湿剂,驱除剂,引诱剂,进食刺激剂,相容剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂,着色剂,增粘剂和粘合剂。
合适的溶剂和液体载体为水和有机溶剂,如中到高沸点的矿物油馏分,例如煤油、柴油;植物或动物来源的油;脂族、环状和芳族烃,例如甲苯、石蜡、四氢萘、烷基化萘;醇,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苄醇、环己醇;二醇;DMSO;酮,例如环己酮;酯,例如乳酸酯、碳酸酯、脂肪酸酯、γ-丁内酯;脂肪酸;膦酸酯;胺;酰胺,例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮,脂肪酸二甲基酰胺;及其混合物。优选的溶剂为水。水含量可为至少20重量%,优选至少40重量%,特别是至少60重量%。
合适的表面活性剂为表面活性化合物,例如阴离子、阳离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂,嵌段聚合物,聚电解质,及其混合物。该类表面活性剂可用作乳化剂、分散剂、加溶剂、润湿剂、渗透促进剂、保护性胶体或辅助剂。表面活性剂的实例列于McCutcheon’s,第1卷:Emulsifiers&Detergents,McCutcheon’s Directories,Glen Rock,USA,2008(国际版或北美版)中。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂为磺酸、硫酸、磷酸、羧酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐及其混合物。磺酸盐的实例为烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木素磺酸盐、脂肪酸和油的磺酸酯盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基-和十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘和烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例为脂肪酸和油的硫酸酯盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的硫酸盐、醇的硫酸酯盐、乙氧基化醇的硫酸酯盐或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例为磷酸酯盐。羧酸盐的实例为烷基羧酸盐以及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。
合适的非离子表面活性剂为烷氧基化物,N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺,胺氧化物,酯,糖基表面活性剂,聚合物表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例为诸如已经被1-50当量烷氧基化的醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的化合物。可将氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯用于烷氧基化,优选氧化乙烯。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例为脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。酯的实例为脂肪酸酯,甘油酯或甘油单酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例为脱水山梨醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇、蔗糖和葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合物表面活性剂的实例为乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂为季型表面活性剂,例如具有1或2个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链伯胺的盐。合适的两性表面活性剂为烷基甜菜碱和咪唑啉类。合适的嵌段聚合物为包含聚氧化乙烯和聚氧化丙烯的嵌段的A-B或A-B-A型嵌段聚合物,或包含链烷醇、聚氧化乙烯和聚氧化丙烯的A-B-C型嵌段聚合物。合适的聚电解质为聚酸或聚碱。聚酸的实例为聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐或聚酸梳状聚合物。聚碱的实例为聚乙烯基胺或聚乙烯胺。
合适的辅助剂为本身具有可忽略的农药活性或者甚至不具有农药活性且改善化合物I对目标的生物学性能的化合物。实例为表面活性剂,矿物油或植物油以及其他助剂。其他实例由Knowles,Adjuvants and additives,Agrow Reports DS256,T&F Informa UK,2006,第5章列出。
合适的杀菌剂为拌棉醇(bronopol)和异噻唑啉酮衍生物如烷基异噻唑啉酮和苯并异噻唑啉酮。
合适的防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。
合适的消泡剂为聚硅氧烷、长链醇和脂肪酸盐。
合适的着色剂(例如着红色、蓝色或绿色)为低水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。实例为无机着色剂(例如氧化铁、氧化钛、六氰合铁酸铁)和有机着色剂(例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和酞菁着色剂)。
合适的增粘剂或粘合剂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、生物蜡或合成蜡以及纤维素醚。
本发明的组合物优选呈含水组合物(例如SC或SE)的形式,其中所述水不溶性农药以悬浮颗粒的形式存在。所述悬浮颗粒可以以在20℃下为固体的晶态或无定型颗粒的形式存在。悬浮的水不溶性农药通常具有x50值为0.1-10μm,优选0.2-5μm,尤其优选0.5-2μm的粒度分布。粒度分布可通过对包含所述颗粒的含水悬浮液进行激光散射而测定。在该测量方法中,试样的制备(例如稀释至测量浓度)取决于悬浮液试样的活性物质细度和浓度,且尤其取决于所用的装置(例如Malvern Mastersizer)。应针对所述体系开发程序且这是本领域技术人员所已知的。
即用制剂中的活性物质浓度可在显著范围内变化。它们通常为0.0001-10%,优选为0.01-1%。活性物质也可成功地用于超低容量法(ULV),其中可施用包含具有超过95重量%活性物质的组合物,或实际上施用不含添加剂的活性物质。当用于植物保护中时,施用率取决于所需效果的特性为0.001-2.0kg活性物质/ha,优选为0.005-2kg/ha,尤其优选为0.05-0.9kg/ha,特别为0.1-0.75kg/ha。当处理植物繁殖材料(例如种子)时,活性物质的用量通常为0.1-1000g/100kg,优选为1-1000g/100kg,尤其优选为1-100g/100kg,特别为5-100g/100kg繁殖材料或种子。当用于保护材料或储存材料中时,活性物质的施用率取决于施用区域的特性和所需效果。材料保护中的常规施用率例如为0.001g-2kg,优选为0.005g-1kg活性物质/立方米被处理材料。
可混入活性物质或包含它们的组合物中的物质为各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、除草剂、杀菌剂、其他杀真菌剂和/或杀虫剂,任选还仅在紧临使用前加入(桶混合)。这些试剂可以以1:100-100:1,优选1:10-10:1的重量比混入本发明的组合物中。就此而言合适的辅助剂特别为:有机改性的聚硅氧烷,例如Break Thru S醇烷氧基化物,例如245、MBA 1303、LF 300和ON 30;EO-PO嵌段聚合物,例如RPE 2035和B;醇乙氧基化物,例如XP 80;以及磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠,例如RA。
另一主题是一种制备本发明组合物的方法,包括使烷氧基化的聚亚烷基亚胺和水不溶性农药接触,例如通过混合。还可任选使上述助剂与所述组合物接触。各种组合物的其他制备方法如上文所述。
另一主题是所述纤维素醚在降低含水组合物中的呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药的晶体生长中的用途。优选的水不溶性农药如上文所述。晶体生长可通过上文所述的粒度分布测定。
此外,本发明涉及一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使本发明的组合物作用在相应的有害物、其环境或待保护以防相应有害物的作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或作物和/或其环境。
术语“作物”还包括已经通过育种、诱变或重组方法修饰的那些植物,包括上市销售或处于开发进程中的生物技术农业产品。基因修饰植物是其基因材料以在自然条件下无法通过杂交、突变或自然重组(即基因材料的重组)进行的方式修饰的植物。此处,通常将一个或多个基因整合到植物的基因材料中以改善植物的性质。该类基因修饰还包括蛋白质、寡肽或多肽的翻译后修饰,例如通过糖基化或连接聚合物,例如异戊二烯化、乙酰化或法呢基化基团或PEG基团。
另一主题是包含本发明组合物的种子。为了处理植物繁殖材料,特别是种子,通常使用悬浮液(FS)。这些组合物可以以未稀释或优选以稀释形式施用于繁殖材料,特别是种子。此时可将所述组合物稀释2-10倍,从而使得用于拌种的组合物中存在0.01-60重量%,优选0.1-40重量%的活性物质。施用可在播种之前或期间进行。植物繁殖材料的处理,特别是种子的处理对本领域技术人员是已知的且通过对植物繁殖材料撒粉、包衣、造粒、浸泡或浸渍而进行,处理优选通过造粒、包衣和撒粉或犁沟内处理而进行,从而例如防止种子过早萌发。优选使用悬浮液来进行种子处理。该类组合物通常包含1-800g/l活性物质,1-200g/l表面活性剂,0-200g/l防冻剂,0-400g/l粘合剂,0-200g/l着色剂和溶剂,优选水。
本发明还涉及一种保护植物繁殖材料以防有害物和/或改善植物健康的方法,其中用有效量的本发明组合物处理植物繁殖材料。
术语“植物繁殖材料”应理解为是指植物的所有繁殖部分如种子,以及可用于繁殖植物的无性植物材料如插条和块茎(例如土豆)。这包括种子、根、果实、块茎、球茎、地下茎、嫩枝、芽和其他植物部分,包括在萌发后或由土壤出苗后移栽的秧苗和幼苗。在移栽之前,还可通过浸渍或浇灌的完全或部分处理而对这些幼苗进行保护。在特别优选的实施方案中,术语植物繁殖材料是指种子。
一般而言,“农药有效量”意指对生长获得可观察到的效果所需的本发明混合物的量或包含该混合物的组合物的量,所述效果包括坏死、死亡、阻滞、预防和去除效果,破坏效果或减少目标生物体的出现和活动的效果。对本发明所用的各种混合物/组合物而言,农药有效量可以变化。所述混合物/组合物的农药有效量还根据主要条件如所需的农药效果及持续时间、气候、目标物种、场所、施用模式等变化。
对种子处理应用形式而言,提高的产量可尤其通过如下改善的植物性质表征:植物重量增加;和/或植物高度增加;和/或生物质增加,例如更高的总鲜重(FW);和/或每株植物的花卉数量增加;和/或更高的谷粒和/或果实产量;和/或更多分蘖或侧枝(分枝);和/或更大的叶子;和/或嫩枝生长提高;和/或蛋白质含量增加;和/或油含量增加;和/或淀粉含量增加;和/或色素含量增加;和/或叶绿素含量增加(叶绿素含量与植物的光合速率正相关,因此叶绿素含量越高,则植物产量越高),植物质量提高。
“谷粒”和“果实”应理解为收获后进一步利用的任何植物产品,例如适当意义上的果实、蔬菜、坚果、谷粒、种子、木材(例如在造林植物的情况下)、花卉(例如在园艺植物、观赏植物的情况下)等,即由植物产生的任何有经济价值的产品。
根据本发明,产量提高至少4%。通常,产量提高甚至可更高,例如5-10%,更优选10-20%,或者甚至20-30%。
根据本发明,产量—如果在不存在预定压力下测量—提高至少2%。通常,产量提高甚至可更高,例如直至4-5%或者甚至更高。
植物状况的另一征兆是植物活力。植物活力表现在数个方面,例如总体视觉外观。
对种子处理应用而言,改善的植物活力可尤其通过如下改善的植物性质表征:改善的植物生命力;和/或改善的植物生长;和/或改善的植物发育;和/或改善的视觉外观;和/或改善的植物群丛(更少的植物节/倒伏);和/或改善的出苗;和/或提高的根生长和/或更发达的根系;和/或提高的生节,特别是根瘤菌生节;和/或植物高度提高;和/或分蘖数增加;和/或侧枝数增加;和/或每株植物的花卉数增加;和/或嫩枝生长提高;和/或更少的非生产性分蘖;和/或需要更少的投入(如肥料或水);和/或需要更少的种子;和/或更强和/或更具生产力的分蘖和/或改善的种子质量(对于在制种的随后季节播种)和/或大田齐苗(establishment)。
植物状况的另一征兆是植物和/或其产品的“质量”。根据本发明,增强的质量是指与在相同条件下但不施加本发明混合物而生产的植物的相同因子相比以可测量或显著量提高或改善了某些植物特性如某些成分的含量或组成。增强的质量尤其可以通过植物或其产品的下列改善性能表征:增加的营养物含量;和/或蛋白质含量增加;和/或油含量增加;和/或淀粉含量增加;和/或增加的脂肪酸含量;和/或增加的代谢物含量;和/或增加的类胡萝卜素含量;和/或增加的糖含量;和/或增加的必需氨基酸量;和/或改善的营养物组成;和/或改善的蛋白质组成;和/或改善的脂肪酸组成;和/或改善的代谢物组成;和/或改善的类胡萝卜素组成;和/或改善的糖组成;和/或改善的氨基酸组成;和/或改善的或最佳的果实颜色;和/或改善的叶色;和/或更高的贮藏能力;和/或收获产品的更好加工性。
植物状况的另一征兆是植物对生物和/或非生物应力因子的耐受性或抗性。生物和非生物应力,尤其是在更长时期内的生物和非生物应力可能对植物具有有害作用。
生物应力由活的生物体引起,而非生物应力例如由环境极端情况引起。根据本发明,“对生物和/或非生物应力因子的增强耐受性或抗性”是指(1.)由生物和/或非生物应力引起的某些负面因素与暴露于相同条件但没有用本发明混合物处理的植物相比以可测量或显著量减少,以及(2.)负面效果不因本发明混合物对应力因子的直接作用,例如直接破坏微生物或有害物的其杀真菌或杀虫作用而减少,而是通过刺激植物自身对所述应力因子的防御反应而减少。
由非生物应力引起的负面因素也是公知的且通常可作为降低的植物活力(见上文),尤其是例如更少的产量和/或更低的活力(这两种效果的实例可为焦叶、更少的花),过早成熟,更晚的作物成熟,降低的营养价值观察到。
由非生物应力引起的负面因素也是公知的且通常可作为降低的植物活力(见上文),例如更少的作物产量和/或更低的活力(这两种效果的实例可为焦叶、更少的花),过早成熟,更晚的作物成熟,降低的营养价值观察到。
非生物应力例如可以由如下引起:极端温度如热或冷(热应力/冷应力);和/或温度剧烈变化;和/或特定季节不寻常的温度;和/或干旱(干旱应力);和/或极端湿润;和/或高盐度(盐应力);和/或辐射(例如通过因臭氧层减少而增加的UV辐射);和/或增加的臭氧水平(臭氧应力);和/或有机污染(例如通过农药的植物毒性量);和/或无机污染(例如通过重金属污染物)。
作为生物和/或非生物应力因子的结果,受应力的植物的量和质量降低。就质量(如上所定义)而言,繁殖性发育通常因在作物上对果实或种子重要的结果而严重受影响。蛋白质的合成、累积和储存大受温度影响;生长因几乎所有类型的应力放缓;多糖合成,无论是结构还是储存,均降低或变化:这些作用导致生物质(产量)降低和产品的营养价值变化。
如上面所指出的那样,植物健康状况的上述征兆可以相互依存并且可以相互影响。例如,对生物和/或非生物应力的耐受性增强可能导致更好的植物活力,例如更好和更大的作物,并且因此导致产量提高。相反,更发达的根系可能导致对生物和/或非生物应力的耐受性提高。然而,这些相互依存和相互作用既不全部已知也未被充分理解,因此不同征兆分开描述。
包含本发明组合物的种子处理组合物还可包含其他活性化合物或可与其他活性化合物一起和/或依次施用。这些可用的其他活性化合物可为肥料或微量营养素给体(例如Mo、Zn和/或Co)。
用于种子处理应用的桶混配制剂通常包含0.25-80%,尤其是1-75%的所需成分,和99.75-20%,尤其是99-25%的固体或液体助剂(包括例如溶剂,如水),其中助剂可为表面活性剂,其量为0-40%,尤其为0.5-30%,基于所述桶混配制剂。
用于种子处理应用的预混配制剂通常包含0.5-99.9%,尤其是1-95%的所需成分,和99.5-0.1%,尤其是99-5%的固体或液体助剂(包括例如溶剂,如水),其中助剂可为表面活性剂,其量为0-50%,尤其为0.5-40%,基于所述预混配制剂。市售产品优选配制成浓缩物(例如预混组合物(配制剂)),而最终用户通常使用稀释配制剂(例如桶混组合物)。
用于将本发明的混合物及其组合物施用或处理植物繁殖材料(尤其是种子)的种子处理方法是本领域所已知的,且包括繁殖材料的拌种、包衣、包膜、造粒和浸泡施用方法。该类方法还可适用于本发明的组合。在优选的实施方案中,本发明的混合物通过不负面影响萌发的方法施用或在植物繁殖材料上处理。
因此,施用(或处理)植物繁殖材料如种子的合适方法的实例为拌种、种子包衣或种子造粒等。所述植物繁殖材料优选为种子、插条(即茎)或球茎。
尽管据信本发明的方法可用于任何生理状态下的种子,然而优选种子处理足够牢固的状态下,从而使得其在处理过程中不发生损害。种子通常为由大田收获、由植物移除,和与任何玉米芯、茎、外壳和周围果肉或其他非种子植物材料分离的种子。种子优选还在一定程度上是生理学稳定的,从而使得处理不会对种子造成生理学损害。据信处理可在种子收获至种子播种之间或播种过程(种子定向施用)中的任何时间用于种子上。在处理之前或之后,种子还可涂有底漆。
在繁殖材料处理期间,希望各成分均匀分布在本发明混合物中且粘附在种子上。处理可由包含所述组合(例如活性成分混合物)的配制剂在植物繁殖材料(例如种子)上的薄膜(拌种)(其中初始尺寸和/或形状可辨)变化至中间状态(例如包衣),然后变化至较厚的膜(例如用不同材料(例如载体,如粘土;不同的配制剂,如其他活性成分的配制剂;聚合物;和着色剂)的多层造粒)(其中无法再分辨初始形状和/或尺寸)。
本发明的一个方面包括以靶向方式将本发明的混合物施用至植物繁殖材料上,包括将所述组合中的各成分定位至整个植物繁殖材料上或仅其一部分上,包括仅单面上或单面的一部分上。本领域技术人员由EP954213B1和WO06/112700中所提供的描述知晓这些施用方法。
本发明的混合物还可以以“丸”或“球”或合适的底物的形式使用,且将经处理的丸或底物置于或撒播在植物繁殖材料附近。该类技术是现有技术所已知的,特别是在EP1124414、WO07/67042和WO07/67044中。将本文所述的组合施用于植物繁殖材料上还包括通过将含一种或多种农药的颗粒置于经农药处理的种子附近而用本发明的组合保护植物繁殖材料,其中农药量使得经农药处理的种子和含农药的颗粒一起包含该农药的有效剂量,且经农药处理的种子中所含的农药剂量小于或等于该农药的最大无植物毒性剂量。该类技术是本领域所已知的,特别是在WO2005/120226中。
将所述组合施用至种子上还包括在种子上的控释包衣,其中将所述组合的成分掺入随时间释放成分的材料中。控释种子处理技术的实例是本领域所公知的,且包括聚合物膜、蜡或其他种子包衣,其中可将成分掺入控释材料中或者施加至材料层之间,或二者。
种子可通过以任何所需的顺序或同时向其施加至存在于本发明混合物中的化合物而处理。
种子处理针对未播种的种子进行,术语“未播种的种子”意图包括种子收获至将种子播种在土地中以萌发和生长植株之间任何时刻的种子。
对未播种种子的处理并非意图包括将活性成分施用至土壤的那些活动,而是包括在种植过程中瞄准种子的任何施用活动。
优选地,在种子播种之前进行处理,从而使得播种的种子已用所述组合预处理。特别地,种子包衣或种子造粒是本发明组合的处理中所优选的。由于该处理,各组合中的成分粘附在种子上,因此可用于防治有害物。
经处理的种子可以以与任何其他活性成分处理的种子相同的方式储存、处理、播种和耕种。
当通过种子处理用于植物保护中时,所述组合物的量为0.01-10kg,优选为0.1-1000g,更优选为1-100g/100kg植物繁殖材料(优选种子)。
上述类型的植物健康以本身为本领域技术人员已知的方式实施,这取决于预期目标和主导环境。
在动物有害物的防治中,可将本发明的混合物施用于有害物的任何和所有发育阶段,例如卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫。有害物可通过使目标有害物、其食物供应、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与农药有效量的本发明混合物或包含该混合物的组合物接触而防治。
“场所”意指其中有害物生长或可生长的植物、植物繁殖材料(优选种子)、土壤、区域、材料或环境。
在制备本发明的混合物时,优选使用纯活性化合物,其中根据需要,可添加防治有害物的其他活性化合物以作为其他活性组分,例如杀虫剂、除草剂、杀真菌剂或除草或生长调节活性化合物或肥料。
如上所述,本发明包括一种防治有害物(这意指动物有害物和/或有害真菌)的方法,其中用农药有效量的混合物处理所述有害物、其栖息地、繁殖地、其场所或待保护以防有害物侵袭的植物、土壤或植物繁殖材料(优选种子)。
有利地,本发明的混合物适于防治下列真菌植物病害:观赏植物、蔬菜作物(例如白锈菌(A.candida))和向日葵(例如婆罗门参白锈菌(A.tragopogonis))上的白锈菌属(Albugo)(白锈病);蔬菜、油菜(A.上的链格孢属(Alternaria)(黑斑病)。
最优选的植物为玉米、大豆和OSR/卡诺拉(canola)。
术语“植物”还应理解为包括已经通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物,包括但不限于上市销售或开发的农业生物技术产品(参见http://cera-gmc.org/,参见其中的GM作物数据库)。基因修饰植物是其基因材料通过使用在自然条件下不易通过杂交、突变或自然重组得到的重组DNA技术修饰的植物。通常将一个或多个基因整合到基因修饰植物的遗传材料中以改善植物的某些性能。这类基因修饰还包括但不限于蛋白质、寡肽或多肽的靶向翻译后修饰,例如通过糖基化或聚合物加成如异戊二烯化、乙酰化或法呢基化结构部分或PEG结构部分。
通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物例如因常规育种或基因工程方法而耐受特殊类别除草剂的施用,这些除草剂如植物生长素除草剂如麦草畏(dicamba)或2,4-D;漂白剂除草剂如羟基苯基丙酮酸二加氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂或八氢番茄红素去饱和酶(PDS)抑制剂;乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂,例如磺酰脲类或咪唑啉酮类;烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)抑制剂,例如草甘膦(glyphosate);谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)抑制剂,例如草铵膦(glufosinate);原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂;类脂生物合成抑制剂如乙酰基CoA羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂;或oxynil(即溴苯腈(bromoxynil)或碘苯腈(ioxynil))除草剂;此外,植物已经通过多次基因修饰而耐受多种类别除草剂,如耐受草甘膦和草铵膦二者或耐受草甘膦和选自ALS抑制剂、HPPD抑制剂、植物生长素抑制剂或ACCase抑制剂的另一类别除草剂二者。这些除草剂耐受性技术例如描述于Pest Managem.Sci.61,2005,246;61,2005,258;61,2005,277;61,2005,269;61,2005,286;64,2008,326;64,2008,332;Weed Sci.57,2009,108;Austral.J.Agricult.Res.58,2007,708;Science 316,2007,1185;以及其中引用的文献中。几种栽培植物已经通过常规育种方法(诱变)耐受除草剂,例如耐受咪唑啉酮类如咪草啶酸(imazamox)的夏播油菜(Canola,德国BASF SE)或耐受磺酰脲类,例如苯黄隆(tribenuron)的向日葵(DuPont,USA)。已经使用基因工程方法来赋予栽培植物如大豆、棉花、玉米、甜菜和油菜对除草剂如草甘膦和草铵膦的耐受性,它们中的一些可以以商品名(耐受草甘膦,Monsanto,U.S.A.)、(耐受咪唑啉酮,德国BASF SE)和(耐受草铵膦,德国Bayer CropScience)市购。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种杀虫蛋白,尤其是由芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)细菌,特别是苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis)已知的那些的植物,所述杀虫蛋白如δ-内毒素,例如CryIA(b),CryIA(c),CryIF,CryIF(a2),CryIIA(b),CryIIIA,CryIIIB(b1)或Cry9c;无性杀虫蛋白(VIP),例如VIP1、VIP2、VIP3或VIP3A;线虫定居细菌的杀虫蛋白,例如发光杆菌属(Photorhabdus)或致病杆菌属(Xenorhabdus);动物产生的毒素如蝎子毒素、蜘蛛毒素、黄蜂毒素或其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;真菌产生的毒素,例如链霉菌属(Streptomycetes)毒素;植物凝集素,例如豌豆或大麦凝集素;凝集素;蛋白酶抑制剂,例如胰蛋白酶抑制剂,丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,patatin,半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂或木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),例如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽蛋白、皂草素或异株腹泻毒蛋白(bryodin);类固醇代谢酶,例如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮甾类-IDP糖基转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂或HMG-CoA还原酶;离子通道阻断剂,例如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂;保幼激素酯酶;利尿激素受体(helicokinin受体);茋合成酶,联苄合成酶,壳多糖酶或葡聚糖酶。在本发明上下文中,这些杀虫蛋白或毒素还具体理解为前毒素、杂合蛋白、截短的或其他方面改性的蛋白。杂合蛋白的特征在于蛋白域的新型组合(例如参见WO 02/015701)。该类毒素或能够合成这些毒素的基因修饰植物的其他实例例如公开于EP-A374 753、WO 93/007278、WO 95/34656、EP-A 427 529、EP-A 451 878、WO 03/18810和WO 03/52073中。生产这些基因修饰植物的方法通常对本领域熟练技术人员是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。这些含于基因修饰植物中的杀虫蛋白赋予产生这些蛋白的植物以对所有分类学上为节肢动物的有害物,尤其是甲虫(鞘翅目(Coeleropta))、双翅目昆虫(双翅目(Diptera))和蛾(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera))以及线虫(线虫纲(Nematoda))的耐受性。能够合成一种或多种杀虫蛋白的基因修饰植物例如描述于上述出版物中,它们中的一些可市购,例如(产生毒素Cry1Ab的玉米品种),Plus(产生毒素Cry1Ab和Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),(产生毒素Cry9c的玉米品种),RW(产生Cry34Ab1、Cry35Ab1和酶膦丝菌素-N-乙酰转移酶[PAT]的玉米品种);33B(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),I(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),II(产生毒素Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab2的棉花品种);(产生VIP毒素的棉花品种);(产生毒素Cry3A的土豆品种); Bt11(例如CB)和法国Syngenta Seeds SAS的Bt176(产生毒素Cry1Ab和PAT酶的玉米品种),法国Syngenta Seeds SAS的MIR604(产生毒素Cry3A的修饰译本的玉米品种,参见WO 03/018810),比利时Monsanto Europe S.A.的MON 863(产生毒素Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),比利时Monsanto Europe S.A.的IPC 531(产生毒素Cry1Ac的修饰译本的棉花品种)和比利时Pioneer Overseas Corporation的1507(产生毒素Cry1F和PAT酶的玉米品种)。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术能够合成一种或多种对细菌、病毒或真菌病原体的抗性或耐受性增强的蛋白质的植物。该类蛋白的实例是所谓的“与发病机理相关的蛋白”(PR蛋白,例如参见EP-A 0 392 225),植物病害抗性基因(例如表达针对来自墨西哥野生土豆Solanumbulbocastanum的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)起作用的抗性基因的土豆品种)或T4溶菌酶(例如能够合成对细菌如Erwinia amylvora具有增强的抗性的这些蛋白的土豆品种)。生产这些基因修饰植物的方法通常对本领域熟练技术人员是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术能够合成一种或多种蛋白以提高产量(例如生物质产生、谷粒产量、淀粉含量、油含量或蛋白质含量),对干旱、盐或其他生长限制性环境因素的耐受性或对有害物以及真菌、细菌或病毒病原体的耐受性的植物。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善人类或动物营养的植物,例如产生促进健康的长链ω-3脂肪酸或不饱和ω-9脂肪酸的油料作物(例如油菜,加拿大DOWAgro Sciences)。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善原料生产的植物,例如产生增加量的支链淀粉的土豆(例如土豆,德国BASF SE)。
本发明的优点尤其在于使得配制剂的高储存稳定性成为可能;减缓或抑制分散农业化学活性物质的颗粒尺寸生长;减缓或抑制分散的农业化学颗粒的附聚;减缓或抑制分散的农业化学活性物质的沉降;上述优点还在高盐浓度存在下获得。
下文实施例阐述本发明而非对其施加任何限制。
实施例1
制备包含16,7g/l氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)、16,7g/l唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、13,3g/l甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、12g/l聚芳基苯基醚硫酸铵盐、25g/l丙烯酸类接枝聚合物表面活性剂、20g/l萘磺酸缩合物的钠盐、200g/l乙二醇、45g/l蓝色颜料和至1.0L水的含水悬浮液浓缩物。此外,如表1所示添加黄原胶和纤维素醚A(甲基羟丙基纤维素,固体,在20℃下的水溶解度小于10g/l,约29重量%甲氧基,约8-11重量%羟基丙氧基,根据Ubbelohde使用2重量%(干纤维素醚)水溶液在20℃下的运动粘度为约3mPas)。调节纤维素醚A和黄原胶的浓度,以使得悬浮液浓缩物A、B和COMP具有类似的粘度(通过标准流杯法根据AFNOR标准NF T 30-014(60-63s)测定)。
表1:
COMPa) | A | B | |
纤维素醚A | – | 81 | 30 |
黄原胶 | 2,9 | 0,3 | 1,3 |
a)对比实施例
在制备后、2个月和4个月储存后通过动态光散射分析粒度D90的增大。表2显示与悬浮液浓缩物COMP相比,悬浮液浓缩物A和B中的粒度增大程度较小。
表2:粒度D90[%]
储存时间 | COMPa) | A | B |
开始,μm | 4,1 | 4,0 | 4,2 |
开始,% | 100 | 100 | 100 |
在40℃下2个月 | 141 | 115 | 121 |
在40℃下4个月 | 161 | 123 | 129 |
实施例2
制备包含16,7g/l氟唑菌酰胺、16,7g/l唑菌胺酯、13,3g/l甲霜灵、10g/l萘磺酸缩合物的钠盐、200g/l乙二醇、10g/l摩尔质量为约7000D的水溶性氧化乙烯-氧化丙烯嵌段聚合物、60g/l蓝色颜料、10g/l苯酚磺酸-脲-甲醛缩合产物的钠盐和至1.0L水的含水悬浮液浓缩物。此外,如表3所示添加黄原胶和纤维素醚。调节纤维素醚A和黄原胶的浓度,以使得悬浮液浓缩物A和COMP具有类似的粘度(通过标准流杯法根据AFNOR标准NF T30-014(55-61s)测定)。
表3:
COMPa) | A | |
纤维素醚A | – | 15 |
黄原胶 | 2,9 | 1,6 |
a)对比实施例
在制备后(对COMP为4,2μm,对A为4,1μm)、2个月和4个月储存后通过动态光散射分析粒度D90的增大。表4显示与悬浮液浓缩物COMP相比,悬浮液浓缩物A中的粒度增大程度较小。
表4:粒度D90[%]
储存时间 | COMPa) | A |
开始 | 100 | 100 |
在40℃下2个月 | 136 | 122 |
在40℃下4个月 | 186 | 122 |
a)对比实施例
实施例3
制备包含16,7g/l氟唑菌酰胺、16,7g/l唑菌胺酯、13,3g/l甲霜灵、10g/l萘磺酸缩合物的钠盐、200g/l乙二醇、10g/l摩尔质量为约7000D的水溶性氧化乙烯-氧化丙烯嵌段聚合物、60g/l蓝色颜料、10g/l苯酚磺酸-脲-甲醛缩合产物的钠盐和至1.0L水的含水悬浮液浓缩物。此外,如表5所示添加黄原胶和纤维素醚。调节纤维素醚A和黄原胶的浓度,以使得悬浮液浓缩物A和COMP具有类似的粘度(通过标准流杯法根据AFNOR标准NF T30-014(57-58s)测定)。
表5:
COMPa) | A | |
纤维素醚A | – | 15 |
黄原胶 | 2,8 | 1,9 |
a)对比实施例
在制备后(对COMP,D90=3,9μm且D50=1,3μm;对A,D90=3,9μm且D50=1,2μm)、2个月和4个月储存后通过动态光散射分析粒度D90的增大。表6显示与悬浮液浓缩物COMP相比,悬浮液浓缩物A中的粒度增大程度较小。
表6:粒度D90[%]
储存时间 | COMPa) | A |
开始 | 100 | 100 |
在40℃下3个月 | 200 | 154 |
a)对比实施例
实施例4
制备包含50g/l氟唑菌酰胺、50g/l戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、50.2g/l甘油、9g/l聚芳基苯基醚硫酸铵盐的钠盐、20.1g/l丙烯酸类接枝聚合物表面活性剂、200g/l蓖麻油乙氧基化物、1.6g/l黄原胶、4.0g/l硅消泡剂和至1.0L水的含水悬浮液浓缩物。此外,如表6所示添加纤维素醚A和黄原胶。悬浮液浓缩物A和COMP-A以及B和COMP-B具有类似的粘度,通过标准流杯法根据AFNOR标准NF T 30-014测定(分别为52-53s和39-40s)。
表6:
COMPa) | A | |
纤维素醚A | – | 10 |
黄原胶 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
a)对比实施例
如下测试COMP和A的储存稳定性:使用一个试样在-5℃至+30℃的每日循环温度下测试8周,且分别使用另一个试样在20℃下测试8周,使用另一个试样在40℃下测试8周,使用另一个试样在54℃下测试8周。
借助Malvern Mastersizer 2000测定储存前后的农药颗粒的粒度。结果汇总在表7中。
表7:粒度D90[%]
COMP-Aa) | A | |
开始 | 100 | 100 |
-5/30℃ | 166 | 112 |
20℃ | 124 | 100 |
40℃ | 167 | 103 |
54℃ | 188 | 125 |
表7显示与悬浮液浓缩物COMP相比,在所有测试条件下,悬浮液浓缩物A的粒度增大程度均较小。
Claims (14)
1.一种含水组合物,包含:
-呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药,
-选自甲基羟丙基纤维素的纤维素醚,和
-选自无机粘土或不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖的增稠剂。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述纤维素醚具有在20℃下在水中至少10g/l的溶解度。
3.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所述纤维素醚具有在20℃下至多500mPas的运动粘度。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的组合物,其中所述增稠剂选自不同于所述纤维素醚的多糖。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的组合物,其中所述增稠剂为黄原胶。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的组合物,其包含5-30g/l的纤维素醚。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的组合物,其包含至多2g/l的增稠剂。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的组合物,其中所述纤维素醚包含15-40重量%,优选22-35重量%的甲氧基。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的组合物,其中所述纤维素醚包含3-30重量%,优选5-18重量%的羟基丙氧基。
10.一种制备如权利要求1-9中任一项所定义的组合物的方法,包括使所述水不溶性农药、甲基羟丙基纤维素和增稠剂接触。
11.如权利要求1-9中任一项所定义的纤维素醚在降低呈悬浮颗粒形式的水不溶性农药在含水组合物中的晶体生长中的用途。
12.一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使如权利要求1-9中任一项所定义的组合物作用在相应的有害物、其环境或待保护以防相应有害物的作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或作物和/或其环境。
13.包含如权利要求1-9中任一项所定义的组合物的种子。
14.一种保护植物繁殖材料以防有害物和/或改善植物健康的方法,其中用有效量的如权利要求1-9中任一项所定义的组合物处理植物繁殖材料。
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PCT/EP2015/050575 WO2015124330A1 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-01-14 | Aqueous agroformulation comprising suspended pesticide, cellulose ether and thickener |
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CN109497052A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 青岛海大生物集团有限公司 | 一种多糖用作农药悬浮助剂的制备工艺 |
CN111200934A (zh) * | 2017-10-09 | 2020-05-26 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 新型农业化学农药组合物 |
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AU2018342067A1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-04-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Aqueous herbicidal compositions and methods of use thereof |
EP3829300A2 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-06-09 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Thickener combination for agrochemical (crop protection) formulations with high salt content |
US20220295792A1 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2022-09-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Crystallisation-free, highly concentrated suspension concentrates of metribuzin and diflufenican |
IT202000021232A1 (it) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-08 | Lamberti Spa | Metodo per migliorare le prestazioni di sostanze attive sistemiche e di inoculanti microbici |
EP4011209A1 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-15 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Storage stable aqueous suspension concentrates |
WO2024105015A1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | Basf Agrochemical Products B.V. | Aqueous suspension concentrate formulations of agrochemical actives |
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US20170049098A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
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MX360897B (es) | 2018-11-21 |
EP3107385A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
UA118118C2 (uk) | 2018-11-26 |
EA030456B1 (ru) | 2018-08-31 |
WO2015124330A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
BR112016019225A2 (zh) | 2017-08-15 |
BR112016019225B1 (pt) | 2022-05-10 |
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