CN106024024B - 控制驱动电压的振幅和相位以从主轴电机生成电力的数据存储装置 - Google Patents

控制驱动电压的振幅和相位以从主轴电机生成电力的数据存储装置 Download PDF

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CN106024024B
CN106024024B CN201610175937.1A CN201610175937A CN106024024B CN 106024024 B CN106024024 B CN 106024024B CN 201610175937 A CN201610175937 A CN 201610175937A CN 106024024 B CN106024024 B CN 106024024B
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CN106024024A (zh
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M·T·尼科尔斯
J·J·克劳福特
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Western Digital Technologies Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B19/00—Driving, starting, stopping record carriers not specifically of filamentary or web form, or of supports therefor; Control thereof; Control of operating function ; Driving both disc and head
    • G11B19/20—Driving; Starting; Stopping; Control thereof
    • G11B19/2063—Spindle motor power-down sequences
    • G11B19/2081—Spindle motor power-down sequences emergency power-down
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/596—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following on disks
    • G11B5/59605—Circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B19/00—Driving, starting, stopping record carriers not specifically of filamentary or web form, or of supports therefor; Control thereof; Control of operating function ; Driving both disc and head
    • G11B19/02—Control of operating function, e.g. switching from recording to reproducing
    • G11B19/04—Arrangements for preventing, inhibiting, or warning against double recording on the same blank or against other recording or reproducing malfunctions
    • G11B19/047—Recovery from power failure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B21/00—Head arrangements not specific to the method of recording or reproducing
    • G11B21/02—Driving or moving of heads
    • G11B21/12—Raising and lowering; Back-spacing or forward-spacing along track; Returning to starting position otherwise than during transducing operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/596—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following on disks
    • G11B5/59633—Servo formatting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/0241—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an overvoltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/08—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing a dc motor
    • H02P3/14—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing a dc motor by regenerative braking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/02—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors the DC motors being of the linear type
    • H02P7/025—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors the DC motors being of the linear type the DC motors being of the moving coil type, e.g. voice coil motors

Abstract

本申请涉及控制驱动电压的振幅和相位以从主轴电机生成电力的数据存储装置。公开一种数据存储装置，其包括：磁盘、被配置为旋转磁盘的主轴电机和在磁盘上方被致动的磁头，其中所述主轴电机包括多个绕组。基于换向序列使主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅。当电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少调整周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流基本上与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势(BEMF)电压在相位上相反，从而将主轴电机配置成电力发电机。

Description

控制驱动电压的振幅和相位以从主轴电机生成电力的数据存 储装置
背景技术
诸如磁盘驱动器的数据存储装置包括磁盘和连接至致动器臂的远端的磁头，其中致动器臂通过音圈电机(VCM)围绕枢轴旋转以将磁头径向定位在磁盘上方。磁盘包括多个径向间隔的用于记录用户数据扇区和伺服扇区的同心磁道。伺服扇区包括磁头定位信息(例如，磁道地址)，该信息通过磁头读取并通过伺服控制系统处理以在磁头逐磁道寻道时控制致动器臂。
图1将现有技术磁盘格式2示为包括由围绕每个伺服磁道的圆周记录的伺服扇区60-6N限定的若干伺服磁道4。每个伺服扇区6i包括用于存储周期图案的前导码8和用于存储特殊图案的同步标志10，其中周期图案允许读取信号的适当增益调整和时序同步，特殊图案用于与伺服数据字段12符号同步。伺服数据字段12存储诸如伺服磁道地址的粗磁头定位信息，该粗磁头定位信息用于在寻道操作期间将磁头定位在目标数据磁道上方。每个伺服扇区6i进一步包括伺服脉冲组14(例如，N和Q伺服脉冲)，以相对于彼此和相对于伺服磁道中心线的预定相位记录这些脉冲组。基于相位的伺服脉冲14提供精细磁头定位信息，该精细磁头定位信息用于中心线追踪并在写入/读取操作期间存取数据磁道。通过读取伺服脉冲14生成位置误差信号(PES)，其中PES表示磁头相对于目标伺服磁道的中心线的测量位置。伺服控制器处理PES以生成应用于磁头致动器(例如，音圈电机)的控制信号，以便在减小PES的方向上、在磁盘上方径向致动磁头。
磁盘2通常由主轴电机以高速旋转，使得空气轴承形成在磁头和磁盘表面之间。为了生成使得主轴电机旋转的旋转磁场，换向控制器使用具体换向序列，将驱动信号施加至主轴电机的绕组。现有技术磁盘驱动器通常通过测量由主轴电机的绕组生成的反电动势(BEMF)电压的过零点频率来控制绕组的换向。现有技术磁盘驱动器还可以在电力故障期间将主轴电机生成的BEMF 电压用作电源以帮助关机操作，诸如将磁头卸载在斜坡(ramp)上。
附图说明
图1示出包括由伺服扇区限定的多个伺服磁道的现有技术磁盘格式。
图2A示出根据一个实施例的磁盘驱动器形式的数据存储装置，该装置包括在由主轴电机旋转的磁盘上方被致动的磁头。
图2B是根据一个实施方式的流程图，其中当电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过调整周期性驱动电压的相位和振幅，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流大体上与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势(BEMF)电压在相位上相反，从而主轴电机被配置成电力发电机。
图3A示出根据一个实施例的控制电路系统，其包括用于基于换向序列驱动主轴电机的绕组的多个开关。
图3B示出一个实施方式，其中通过调整周期性驱动电压的相位和振幅，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流大体上与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势 (BEMF)电压在相位上相反，从而主轴电机被配置成电力发电机。
图4A和图4B示出一个实施方式，其中当电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过比较电源电压与目标电压以生成误差信号以及基于误差信号调整周期性驱动电压的相位和振幅，主轴电机被配置成电力发电机。
图5示出一个实施方式，其中当电源电压降至阈值以下时，主轴电机通过以下方式被配置成电力发电机：比较电源电压与目标电压以生成误差信号，以及基于误差信号调整周期性驱动电压的相位和振幅。
图6A和图6B示出一个实施方式，其中目标电压基本上最大化电源电压供电的稳压器的效率。
具体实施方式
图2A示出根据一个实施例的磁盘驱动器形式的数据存储装置，该数据存储装置包括：磁盘16、配置为旋转磁盘16的主轴电机18和在磁盘16上方被致动的磁头20，其中主轴电机18包括多个绕组。基于换向序列使主轴电机 18的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅。磁盘驱动器进一步包括控制电路系统22，其被配置为执行图2B的流程图，其中当电源电压降至阈值以下时(框24)，通过至少调整周期性驱动电压的相位和振幅，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流大体上与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势(BEMF)电压在相位上相反(框26)，从而主轴电机被配置为电力发电机。
在图2A的实施例中，磁盘16包括限定多个伺服磁道32的多个伺服扇区 300-30N，其中相对于伺服磁道以相同或不同径向密度限定数据磁道。控制电路系统22处理源于磁头20的读取信号34，以解调伺服扇区300-30N并生成位置误差信号(PES)，该信号表示磁头的实际位置和相对于目标磁道的目标位置之间的误差。控制电路系统22中的伺服控制系统使用合适的补偿滤波器将 PES滤波以生成施加至音圈电机(VCM)38的控制信号36，以便在降低PES的方向上、在磁盘16上方径向致动磁头20，其中音圈电机(VCM)38围绕枢轴旋转致动器臂40。伺服扇区300-30N可以包括任何适合的磁头位置信息，诸如，用于粗定位的磁道地址和用于精细定位的伺服脉冲。伺服脉冲可以包括任何适合的图案，诸如基于振幅的伺服图案或基于相位的伺服图案(图1)。
图3A示出根据一个实施例的控制电路系统22，其中为了驱动换向控制器 44的换向序列，可以处理由主轴电机18的绕组生成的反电动势(BEMF)电压 42。主轴控制框46可以处理BEMF信号48，该BEMF信号可以是表示由BEMF 检测器50检测的BEMF过零点的方波。换向控制器44可以生成控制信号52，该控制信号52配置BEMF检测器50以检测由每个绕组在磁盘旋转时生成的 BEMF电压的过零点。换向控制器44还生成施加至换向逻辑56的控制信号54。在图3A-3B的实施例中，为了利用驱动电压+V和-V驱动绕组，换向逻辑56由控制信号54配置以控制开关58状态。换向逻辑44可以以任意合适的方式操作，诸如通过将开关58驱动为线性放大器，其中该线性放大器将连续时间正弦电压施加至绕组。在另一个实施例中，换向逻辑56可以使用脉冲宽度调制(PWM) (诸如，使用方波PWM、梯形PWM或正弦PWM)驱动开关58。无论如何驱动绕组，换向控制器44生成控制信号54，使得绕组以正确周期换向，从而生成使得主轴电机旋转的期望旋转磁场。在一个实施例中，主轴控制框46可以生成控制信号60，其控制被施加至绕组的周期性驱动电压(连续或PWM)的有效振幅，从而控制主轴电机18的速度。
如果电力故障发生并且磁盘16正在旋转，则存在剩余动能，因为磁盘16 继续旋转主轴电机18，并且因此主轴电机18能够被转换成用于向控制电路系统22供电的电力发电机并执行关机操作(诸如在将磁头20卸载至斜坡上之前，完成至磁盘16的当前写入操作)。在一个实施例中，主轴电机18可以在电源电压Vpwr 62降至阈值以下(例如，由于电力故障或其它电力瞬态事件造成)时，通过向电源电压Vpwr 62供应电流来生成电力。
在图2A的实施方式中，在正常操作期间旋转磁盘时基于下式生成用于驱动主轴电机的绕组的周期性驱动电压Vd：
其中，|Vd|表示周期性驱动电压的振幅，ωecyc表示旋转频率(在电循环中)，表示对应于绕组的相位的相位偏移，以及φT表示将加速力施加至主轴电机的相位偏移。在一个实施方式中，当流过绕组的电流与每个绕组生成的正弦BEMF电压在相位上大体上相反时，可以最大化(例如，在电力故障期间)主轴电机18生成的电力。此外，在图3B例示的实施方式中，当电源电压Vpwr 62降至阈值以下时，控制电路系统可以基于下式配置施加至每个绕组的周期性驱动电压Vd的振幅|Vd|和相位φ：
其中RPM表示测量的主轴电机的旋转速度，|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所测量的旋转速度的函数的正弦BEMF电压的振幅，R表示绕组的电阻，L表示绕组的电感，ωecyc表示正弦BEMF电压的频率以及|I|表示流过绕组的周期性电流的振幅。如图3B所示，当基于以上公式控制周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位时，流过每个绕组的电流的相位与每个绕组生成的正弦BEMF电压的相位大体上相反，从而使主轴电机生成的电力最大化。
图4A和4B示出其中当电源电压降至阈值以下时(框64)，主轴电机通过至少以下方式被配置成电力发电机的一个实施方式：比较电源电压与目标电压以生成误差信号(框66)，以及基于误差信号调整周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位(框68)。图5示出根据这个实施方式的控制电路系统，其中，在电力故障期间，例如，通过主轴电机18供应电流70。磁盘驱动器的负载72消耗这个电流70的部分(以给负载72供电)，并因此负载电流74被示为从主轴电机18供应的电流70中减去，留下的剩余电流76给电源电压电容器78充电。电源电压Vpwr 62的振幅取决于负载72消耗的电流74的量。
在一个实施方式中，调节主轴电机18生成的电力量以将电源电压Vpwr 62 维持在目标电压Vtarget 80。再次参照图5，将电源电压Vpwr 62从目标电压 Vtarget 80中减去以生成误差信号82。适合的补偿器84(例如，比例-积分- 微分(PID)补偿器)对误差信号82滤波以生成滤波后的误差信号86。电流控制框88处理滤波后的误差信号86以调整周期性驱动电压Vd的振幅|Vd|和相位φ。例如，在一个实施方式中，随着驱动电压的振幅|Vd|减小(直到极限)，主轴电机18生成的电力增加。此外，在上述实施方式中，可以通过调整周期性驱动电压Vd的振幅|Vd|和相位φ，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流大体上与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势(BEMF)电压在相位上相反，从而最大化主轴电机18生成的电力。因此，在一个实施方式中，当过滤后的误差信号86是负的(指示电源电压Vpwr 62小于目标电压V目标(Vtarget)80)时，电流控制框88可以减小周期性驱动电压Vd的振幅|Vd|并增加周期性驱动电压Vd的相位φ，以便增加主轴电机18生成的电力，从而增加电源电压Vpwr 62直到其匹配目标电压Vtarget 80。
在一个实施方式中，例如，可以相对于主轴电机18可以生成的峰值电力和/或相对于电力故障操作期间获得的电力效率的期望水平限制调整周期性驱动电压的振幅和/或相位的程度。在一个实施方式中，如果达到周期性驱动电压的振幅和/或相位的极限，则可以减小磁盘驱动器的负载72(例如，在卸载操作期间，降低VCM 38消耗的电力)。
在图5的实施方式中，可以选择任何适合的目标电压80以调节主轴电机 18生成的电力。图6A和6B示出其中磁盘驱动器的负载72包括稳压器90的一个实施方式。图6B示出其中可以在目标电源电压Vpwr 62处最大化稳压器 90的效率的一个实施方式。此外，在实施方式中，可以选择用于调整主轴电机18生成的电力的目标电压Vtarget 80，以便大体上最大化电源电压Vpwr 62 供电的稳压器90的效率。
可以采用任何适合的控制电路系统(诸如任何适合的(一个或更多个) 集成电路)以实现以上实施例中的流程图。例如，可以在读通道集成电路中或与读通道分离的组件(诸如磁盘控制器)中实现控制电路系统，或者可以由读通道执行上述特定操作并由磁盘控制器执行其它操作。在一个实施例中，读通道和磁盘控制器被实现为分离的集成电路，并且在一个另选的实施例中，它们被制造在单个集成电路或片上系统(SOC)中。此外，控制电路系统可以包括实现为分离的集成电路、集成在读通道或磁盘控制器电路中或集成在SOC 中的适合的前置放大电路。
在一个实施例中，控制电路系统包括执行指令的微处理器，该指令可操作以使微处理器执行本文描述的流程图。可以在任何计算机可读介质中存储指令。在一个实施例中，指令可以被存储在微处理器的外部或与微处理器一起集成在SOC中的非易失性半导体存储器上。在另一个实施例中，指令被存储在磁盘上并且在磁盘驱动器上电时被读取到易失性半导体存储器中。在又一个实施例中，控制电路系统包括诸如状态机电路系统的适合的逻辑电路系统。
在各种实施例中，磁盘驱动器可以包括磁性磁盘驱动器、光学磁盘驱动器等。此外，当以上示例涉及磁盘驱动器时，各种实施方式不限于磁盘驱动器并且能够适用于诸如磁带驱动器、固态驱动器、混合驱动器等的其它数据存储装置和系统。此外，一些实施例可以包括诸如计算装置、数据服务器装置、介质内容存储装置等的电子装置，该该电子装置包括如上所述的存储介质和/或控制电路系统。
可以互相独立使用或可以以各种方式合并以上描述的各种特征和过程。全部可能的组合和子组合旨在落入本公开的范围内。此外，可以在一些实施方式中省略某些方法、事件或过程框。本文描述的方法和过程还不局限于任何具体顺序，并且与此相关的框和状态能够以合适的其他顺序执行。例如，可以以不同于具体公开的次序之外的次序执行所描述的任务和事件，或者可以在单个框或状态中组合多个任务或事件。可以串行、并行或以一些其它方式执行示例任务或事件。可以将任务或事件增加到所公开示例实施例中或从所公开示例实施例中移除任务或事件。可以以不同于所描述的方式来配置本文描述的示例系统和组件。例如，可以向本公开示例实施例添加元件、从本公开示例实施例移除元件、或重新布置所述元件。
尽管已经描述特定示例实施例，但仅通过示例方式呈现这些实施例，并且它们并不旨在限制本文公开的本发明的范围。因此，上述描述都不旨在暗示任何具体特征、特点、步骤、模块或框是必要的或不可缺少的。事实上，可以以各种其它形式体现本文描述的新颖方法和系统；此外，可以在不偏离本文公开的实施方式的精神的情况下对本文描述的方法和系统的形式进行各种省略、替换和改变。

Claims (27)

1.一种数据存储装置，所述数据存储装置包括：
磁盘；
主轴电机，所述主轴电机被配置为旋转所述磁盘，其中所述主轴电机包括多个绕组；
磁头，其在所述磁盘上方被致动；和
控制电路系统，其由电源电压供电，所述控制电路系统被配置为：
基于换向序列使所述主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当所述电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反，从而将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机；
其中调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和所述相位包括基于所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅、所述绕组的电阻和所述绕组的电感，调整所述振幅或所述相位中的至少一个。
2.根据权利要求1所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅。
3.根据权利要求2所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
4.根据权利要求1所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位。
5.根据权利要求4所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
6.根据权利要求1所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为：
将所述电源电压与目标电压进行比较以生成误差信号；以及
基于所述误差信号调整所述周期性驱动电压的相位和所述周期性驱动电压的振幅。
7.根据权利要求6所述的数据存储装置，其中，基于所述误差信号调整所述周期性驱动电压的相位和所述周期性驱动电压的振幅调整流过每个绕组的所述电流的振幅。
8.根据权利要求6所述的数据存储装置，其中：
所述控制电路系统包括稳压器；并且
所述目标电压最大化所述电源电压供电的所述稳压器的效率。
9.一种数据存储装置，所述数据存储装置包括：
磁盘；
主轴电机，所述主轴电机被配置为旋转所述磁盘，其中所述主轴电机包括多个绕组；
磁头，其在所述磁盘上方被致动；和
控制电路系统，其由电源电压供电，所述控制电路系统被配置为：
基于换向序列使所述主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当所述电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少以下方式将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机：
将所述电源电压与目标电压进行比较以生成误差信号；以及
基于所述误差信号，调整所述周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位。
10.根据权利要求9所述的数据存储装置，其中所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反。
11.一种操作数据存储装置的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
使用包括多个绕组的主轴电机旋转磁盘；
在所述磁盘上方致动磁头；
基于换向序列使所述主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当为所述数据存储装置供电的电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少调整所述周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反，从而将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机；
其中调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和所述相位包括基于所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅、所述绕组的电阻和所述绕组的电感，调整所述振幅或所述相位中的至少一个。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
14.根据权利要求11所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
将所述电源电压与目标电压进行比较以生成误差信号；以及
基于所述误差信号调整所述周期性驱动电压的相位和所述周期性驱动电压的振幅。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，基于所述误差信号调整所述周期性驱动电压的相位和所述周期性驱动电压的振幅调整流过每个绕组的所述电流的振幅。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述目标电压最大化所述电源电压供电的稳压器的效率。
19.一种操作数据存储装置的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
使用包括多个绕组的主轴电机旋转磁盘；
在所述磁盘上方致动磁头；
基于换向序列使所述主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当为所述数据存储装置供电的电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少以下方式将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机：
将所述电源电压与目标电压进行比较以生成误差信号；以及
基于所述误差信号，调整所述周期性驱动电压的振幅和相位。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，进一步包括：调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反。
21.一种由电源电压供电的控制电路系统，所述控制电路系统被配置为：
基于换向序列使主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当所述电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反，将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机，
其中调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和所述相位包括基于所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅、所述绕组的电阻和所述绕组的电感，调整所述振幅或所述相位中的至少一个。
22.根据权利要求21所述的控制电路系统，所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅。
23.根据权利要求22所述的控制电路系统，所述电路系统进一步被配置为基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
24.根据权利要求21所述的控制电路系统，所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为：
测量所述主轴电机的旋转速度；以及
基于所测量的旋转速度调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位。
25.根据权利要求24所述的控制电路系统，所述电路系统进一步被配置为基于下式调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述相位：
其中:
RPM表示所述测量的旋转速度；
|Vb(RPM)|表示作为所述测量的旋转速度的函数的所述正弦BEMF电压的振幅；
R表示所述电阻；
L表示所述电感；
ωecyc表示所述正弦BEMF电压的频率；以及
|I|表示所述周期性电流的振幅。
26.一种由电源电压供电的控制电路系统，所述控制电路系统被配置为：
基于换向序列使主轴电机的绕组换向并将周期性驱动电压施加至每个绕组，其中所述周期性驱动电压包括正常操作期间的工作振幅；以及
当所述电源电压降至阈值以下时，通过至少以下方式将所述主轴电机配置成电力发电机：
将所述电源电压与目标电压进行比较以生成误差信号；以及
基于所述误差信号，调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位。
27.根据权利要求26所述的控制电路系统，所述控制电路系统进一步被配置为调整所述周期性驱动电压的所述振幅和相位，使得流过每个绕组的周期性电流与每个绕组生成的正弦反电势电压即正弦BEMF电压在相位上相反。
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