For the device of vertical plane dynamics research
The application be application No. is 2015100510598, entitled device for vertical plane dynamics research, Shen
It please be the divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of 2015-01-30 day.
Technical field
The invention belongs to be used for the device field of vertical plane dynamics research, especially study involved by circular motion
Dynamics device.
Background technology
One filament fastens a weight and moves in a circle in perpendicular, and weight pulling force in minimum point is more than gravity,
And minimum point pulling force it is maximum-this be all easily by theoretical proof, to show this phenomenon with experiment, prior art discloses
A kind of device for studying circular motion:Vertical panel is used to support the pedestal of vertical panel, vertical plane positioned at vertical panel lower end
Plate is made of iron plate, further include one made of permanent magnet, shape be columnar magnetic pole, magnetic pole one end is adsorbed in vertical plane
Plate, the magnetic pole other end bolt a filament, and the upper end of filament is bolted to magnetic pole, and the lower end of filament hangs a weight.The device
Application method:Weight is risen certain altitude by the first step, and:1, filament is made to be in linear state;2, filament deviates vertical position
It puts.Second step discharges weight, and weight starts to do the movement that shape is circular arc, i.e.,:A part for circular motion.Selection is suitable
Releasing position can reach such effect:Weight is discharged in this position, magnetic pole can be forgotten about it just.Theory analysis is as follows:
The pulling force that weight is subject to is represented with T, represents the gravity that weight is subject to G, the quality of weight is represented with m, represents that weight passes through with v
The speed of minimum point represents the radius of weight circular motion with r, is derived by, and then, it is bigger to obtain minimum spot speed v, pulling force
Conclusion bigger T.It assists explaining with the experiment:Magnetic pole is forgotten about it, and illustrates that pulling force T force of gravity is big.Experimental implementation person recorded this
The video of experiment when playing video frame by frame, is found:Magnetic pole is fallen down in weight in minimum point, but apparent process
After minimum point, magnetic pole just falls.Experimental implementation person repeats to test multiple, recorded video and plays, is found frame by frame every time
The phenomenon.This phenomenon and theory are not inconsistent.It was not found before this phenomenon by people:Slow play is wanted just to be observed that this
A phenomenon.It is outwelled from weight by minimum point to magnetic pole, about lasts 0.2 second.The time of 0.2 second, the about device hang
1/the 8 of weight period of single pendulum are hung, in this 0.2 second, the distance that weight passes through is about 2/3rds of amplitude, filament and perpendicular
Nogata to angle be about 40 degree.So do not go out the phenomenon usually from the time, when slow play, Ke Yicong
Weight deviates observes the phenomenon in the distance of equilbrium position.
For stringent, the experiment and theory are not inconsistent, which should not be used in the dynamic (dynamical) teaching of circular motion.It changes
Sentence is talked about:A new device is researched and developed, minimum point pulling force can be demonstrated and be more than the experiment of gravity, and overcome drawbacks described above.
Since research and develop the problem of new device is it is necessary to know existing apparatus go out where.There are two types of sayings:1, filament
Deformation needs the time, this time is about 0.2s, and filaments is waited to complete deformation, and magnetic pole is just drawn by the pulling force of bigger
.2, magnetic pole just has begun to topple in weight by minimum point, and still, the length of magnetic pole falls short of, after 0.2 second,
It will become apparent from carrying out magnetic pole outwelling.Both sayings sound it is all reasonable, if judging which kind of saying is correct with knowwhy,
This is extremely complex theoretical question.
About this phenomenon, also other explanations, those explanations can directly be excluded by theory analysis, so, in this theory
It is not just described in bright book.
The present invention proposes a kind of device, which can be with:1, verification above two saying which kind of correctly.2, overcome existing dress
The shortcoming put, and reach the advantageous effect that experimental phenomena is consistent with theory.
Invention content
Technical solution is used by the present invention overcomes the shortage of prior art:
For the device of vertical plane dynamics research, including vertical panel, it is used to support vertically positioned at vertical panel lower end
The pedestal of panel, it is characterized in that:Vertical panel is made of refractory material, and vertical panel is fixedly connected with one for adsorbing permanent magnet
Adsorption plate, adsorption plate is used to adsorb that face of permanent magnet as perpendicular,
Further include one made of permanent magnet, shape be columnar magnetic pole, magnetic pole one end is adsorbed in adsorption plate, and magnetic pole is another
One end bolts a filament,
The upper end of filament is bolted to magnetic pole, and the lower end of filament hangs a weight, and filament is made of the material for being easy to blow,
Vertical panel is equipped with for flame in the hole of vertical panel positive and negative, hole so as to inclined in filament there are one setting
From the first jet for blowing filament after equilbrium position as early as possible, and the flame direction of first jet is:Both perpendicular to vertical panel,
Again perpendicular to filament.
The position in hole can be:The oblique upper of weight, and:It is close but misaligned in the vertical line where filament.
The shape in hole can be:It is arc-shaped.
It can also include:Using the perpendicular by filament as the plane of symmetry and the symmetrically arranged second nozzle of first jet,
And the flame direction of second nozzle is:Not only perpendicular to vertical panel, but also perpendicular to filament.
Filament can be cotton thread.
Adsorption plate can be fabricated from iron.
Magnetic pole shape can be cylinder.
The configuration of the present invention is simple does related experiment with the present invention, and experimental phenomena can be allowed to be consistent with theory analysis perfection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 is the test chart of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 5 is the test chart of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged view of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged view of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 8 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention three.
In figure:1- vertical panels, 2- pedestals, 3- magnetic poles, 4- filaments, 5- weights, 6- adsorption plates, 7- holes, 8- first jets,
9- second nozzles.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing 1,2 is the front view and side view of the prior art respectively.
Embodiment one
It is the front view of the present invention referring to attached drawing 3, attached drawing 4 is the side view of the present invention.Fig. 5 is the side view of the present invention,
In Figure 5, a range is enclosed with dotted line, these ranges are displayed magnified in figure 6, and in other words, Fig. 6 is the part of Fig. 5
Enlarged drawing.These attached drawings are expressed:
For the device of vertical plane dynamics research, including vertical panel 1, it is used to support positioned at 1 lower end of vertical panel perpendicular
Face the pedestal 2 of plate 1 directly, it is characterized in that:Vertical panel 1 is made of refractory material, and vertical panel 1 is fixedly connected with one for adsorbing
The adsorption plate 6 of permanent magnet, that face that adsorption plate 6 is used to adsorb permanent magnet is perpendicular,
Further include one made of permanent magnet, shape be columnar magnetic pole 3,3 one end of magnetic pole is adsorbed in adsorption plate 6, magnetic
3 other end of column bolts a filament 4,
The upper end of filament 4 is bolted to magnetic pole 3, and the lower end of filament 4 hangs a weight 5, and filament 4 is by being easy to the material blown
It is made,
Vertical panel 1 is set there are one the hole 7 for running through 1 positive and negative of vertical panel, and hole 7 is interior to be equipped with for flame so as to thin
Line 4 deviates the first jet 8 that filament 4 is blown in equilbrium position as early as possible later, and the flame direction of first jet 8 is:Both perpendicular to
Vertical panel 1, and perpendicular to filament 4.The position in hole 7 exists:The oblique upper of weight 5, and:It is close but misaligned where filament 4
Vertical line.
It explains:Nozzle:First jet 8 of the present invention, second nozzle 9 refer both to the nozzle of flame, the nozzle category of flame
In the prior art, such as the nozzle of following webpage introduction:
http://detail.tmall.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.18.RhvunH&id=
40119733829&ad_id=&am_id=&cm_id=140105335569ed55e27b&pm_ id=&ab bucket=5
http://item.taobao.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.279.RhvunH&id=
16026116927&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.212.RhvunH&id=
39322048663&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.145.RhvunH&id=
38722875361&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.34.SX1kPc&id=
18445364256&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://detail.tmall.com/item.htmSpm=a230r.1.14.59.SX1kPc&id=
13974025302&abbucket=5
Because above-mentioned webpage is edited by the businessman of www.taobao.com, it can not ensure that above-mentioned webpage is always shown as
Nozzle, perhaps when businessman will edit the webpage as other commodity.
How to allow nozzle flame, belong to the prior art, such as oxygen-acetylene burning flame, such as portable propane flame
Device, this is all the prior art.The flame that nozzle sprays can have the size that auxiliary equipment adjusts flame, make flame very thin,
This is also the prior art.
Application method:Magnetic pole 3 is adsorbed in adsorption plate 6, adsorption plate 6 can be fabricated from iron, and first not flame makes weight 5 inclined
From equilbrium position, and the shape of filament 4 is ensured for straight line, and ensure that filament 4 is parallel to vertical panel 1, then release weight
Object 5, many experiments find this position:When discharging weight 5 in the position, weight 5 can forget about it magnetic in circular motion just
Column 3.Mark the position.For the convenience of statement, which is denoted as location A.
Weight 5 is pinched with hand, weight 5 is made to be located at location A, then, nozzle flame is allowed, adjusts the size of flame, make flame
Firepower is concentrated, and flare is fine.
Weight 5 is discharged, after making filament 4 just through vertical direction, is just cut off immediately by flare.
More than presentation process full name is recorded a video, then slow play, it can be seen that:Filament 4 is just through vertical direction, filament 4
It is just blown, at the same time, the pulling force that filament 4 generates disappears, and magnetic pole 3 still maintains horizontal direction absorption in adsorption plate 6, process
The time of about 0.2 second, hence it is evident that observe that magnetic pole 3 is toppled over.
Thus illustrate:1, do not see that weight 5 forgets about it magnetic pole 3 in minimum point to do the experiment with the prior art, be not
Because the deformation of filament 4 needs the reason of corresponding time, but because toppling over for magnetic pole 3 is a process from slow to fast, incline
Starting stage, even if slow motion plays video, it is also difficult to find that magnetic pole 3 is significantly toppled over.It, can with device of the present invention
To prove:For weight 5 in minimum point, pulling force truly has maximum value, and pulling force is more than the gravity of weight 5.
The position in hole 7 exists:The oblique upper of weight 5, and:It is close but misaligned in the vertical line where filament 4.Close to this
A word, typically unclear statement, still, by above-mentioned introduction, various equivalent modifications should understand that:It is close to refer to:
Filament 4 blows the position of filament 4 as early as possible after vertical position.Why not filament 4 too late can be blownBecause too late burning
Disconnected filament 4, in video slow play, still sees that weight 5 significantly have passed through minimum point, magnetic pole 3 is not still outwelled.Because
The flame of nozzle injection has certain width, so, flame cannot just blow filament 4 when filament 4 is located at vertical direction.It will
Reach such effect:1, for filament 4 in the moment by vertical position, flame burns continuous filament 4,2, and filament 4 passes through vertical position
It postpones, just blows filament 4 as early as possible.After explaining in this way, various equivalent modifications it can be understood that the meaning of " close " two word,
" close " such statement just becomes clear.If that also feels is unclear close to two words, can be expressed as:The position in hole 7 exists:
The top of 5 equilbrium position of weight, vertical direction apart from 5 upper end 1-3cm of weight, and:It is vertical straight where horizontal direction distance filament 4
Line 1-4cm.
Why not with knife cut off filament 4Knife can no doubt cut off filament 4, and still, knife also changes weight 5 simultaneously
The radius of circular motion, then causes pulling force to increase, and magnetic pole 3 is outwelled in this case, and it is that radius reduction causes that can not demonstrate
Or magnetic pole 3 topple over it is relatively slow caused by result.
Various equivalent modifications are it is to be understood that will allow flame contact filament 4 rather than nozzle to contact filament 4 in itself.
Because nozzle temperature is very high, vertical panel 1 is made of refractory material.Such as the ceramic tile of apparatus for building.It is resistance to
Fiery material is not often attracted by permanent magnet, so, vertical panel 1 is fixedly connected with one for adsorbing the adsorption plate 6 of permanent magnet.For
Ensure that magnetic pole 3 is horizontal, it is perpendicular that can allow adsorption plate 6 for adsorbing that face of permanent magnet.3 shape of magnetic pole can be
Cylinder.
The flame direction of first jet 8 is:Not only perpendicular to vertical panel 1, but also perpendicular to filament 4.The flame that nozzle sprays,
There is certain force to filament 4, so, blow the way that filament 4 is reduction error perpendicular to filament 4.
How first jet 8 is installed and be the prior art in hole 7, can be fixedly installed, can also removably connect
It connects, hand-held welding torch can also be used, nozzle is only allowed to stretch into hole 7.
Filament 4 is blown with flame, if only this method is seen, completely without creativeness.But the invention solves
Technical problem is not how to cut off filament 4, but:1, verifying two kinds of sayings, which kind of is correct.2, provide an experiment and theoretical phase
The technical solution of symbol.It was found that be never found the problem of, this is inherently creative.
Filament 4 is blown with nozzle flame, filament 4 can be blown with the extremely short time.The most handy cotton thread of filament 4, cotton thread are met
The flame sent out to nozzle is almost instantaneously just blown.
Since the present invention says can flame nozzle, then various equivalent modifications it is to be understood that it is of the invention use when
Time will be configured with combustion gas and provide the corollary equipments such as device, fuel gas transportation pipeline, gas quantity or oxygen quantity regulating device, this is all
The prior art.
Embodiment two
It is the technical solution that the present invention is optimized by attached drawing 6 referring to attached drawing 7.It further includes:With by the perpendicular of filament 4
For the plane of symmetry, with 8 symmetrically arranged second nozzle 9 of first jet, and the flame direction of second nozzle 9 is:Both perpendicular to vertical
Panel 1, and perpendicular to filament 4.
Filament 4 only is blown with a nozzle, there are one insufficient:The flame of ejection can allow filament 4 to be rushed by a very little
Amount, the direction of this momentum is perpendicular to vertical panel 1 and far from vertical panel 1, even if in this way, still allowing a part of observer
(student) statement into question, they think, are the stress that flame affects the momentum that filament 4 applies in filament 4, then, filament 4 is drawn
Magnetic pole 3 is fallen.Such saying has certain reason:Because flame is applied with a momentum to filament 4 really, although this
Momentum is extremely small.In order to overcome the momentum of this point point, another nozzle, that is, second nozzle 9 can be set, second
The flame that the flame and first jet 8 that nozzle 9 is sent out are sent out intersects, and is exactly the position that filament 4 passes through, in this way, carefully in point of intersection
Line 4 is in the momentum not applied perpendicular to 4 direction of filament, along 4 direction of filament by flame.Certainly, two flames spray in opposite directions
To shorten the flame time as far as possible when fiery, in case equipment is damaged.
Second nozzle 9 how is fixed, belongs to the prior art, stent can be used, hand-held welding torch can also be used --- certainly, hand
Holding steadily ought just can be with.
Embodiment three
Referring to attached drawing 8, the shape in hole 7 is:It is arc-shaped, moreover, the hole 7 of circular shape, positioned at the top of weight 5.In this way
Design there are one benefit be exactly that can adjust the position of flame point.And the arc-shaped center of circle is located at magnetic pole 3 and adsorption plate 6
Junction, the arc-shaped radius are slightly less than rope length.Be slightly less than-these three words be typically do not know, still, in the application,
It is slightly less than and means:The position that filament 4 is blown is preferably adjacent to the position of weight 5.Filament turns over identical angle, distance
The center of circle is more remote, and the arc length passed by is longer, if blowing filament apart from center of circle proximity, may cause filament deflection angle
It is excessive.This understanding refers to explanation of this specification about " close " this word.
Above each embodiment can be used with reasonable combination.
Various equivalent modifications it is to be understood that the position that is blown of filament 4 preferably adjacent to weight 5 position.
Cotton thread refers to the filament made with cotton, and cotton thread is easy to be blown.
The configuration of the present invention is simple conducive to some dynamic (dynamical) problems are probed into, as complementary experimental provision, can accomplish reality
Phenomenon is tested with theory to be consistent.