Device for vertical plane dynamics research
The application is Application No. 2015100510598, invention entitled grinds for vertical plane kinetics
The device studied carefully, the divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of filing date 2015-01-30.
Technical field
The invention belongs to the device field for vertical plane dynamics research, especially study circumference
Kinetics device involved by motion.
Background technology
One fine rule is fastened a weight and is moved in a circle at perpendicular, and weight is when minimum point
Pulling force is more than gravity, and minimum point pulling force maximum-this is all easily by theoretical proof, want
Show this phenomenon with experiment, prior art discloses a kind of device studying circular motion: be perpendicular
Facing plate directly, be positioned at vertical panel lower end for supporting the base of vertical panel, vertical panel is by ferrum
Plate is made, and also includes a magnetic post that be made up, that be shaped as column, magnetic post one end of permanent magnet
Being adsorbed in vertical panel, a magnetic post other end piece fine rule of bolt, the upper end of fine rule is bolted to magnetic post,
The lower end of fine rule hangs a weight.The using method of this device: the first step, rises weight
Certain altitude, and: 1, make fine rule be in linear state;2, fine rule deviation vertical position.The
Two steps, discharge weight, and weight starts to be shaped as the motion of circular arc, it may be assumed that the one of circular motion
Part.Select suitable off-position, such effect can be reached: at this position release weight
Thing, can forget about it magnetic post just.Theory analysis is as follows: represent weight tension with T,
Represent, with G, the gravity that weight is subject to, represent the quality of weight with m, represent weight warp with v
Cross the speed of minimum point, the radius representing weight circular motion with r, it is derived by, then,
Obtain minimum point speed v the biggest, the conclusion that pulling force T is the biggest.Explain by this experiment auxiliary: magnetic
Post is forgotten about it, and illustrates that pulling force T force of gravity is big.Experimental implementation person recorded the video of this experiment,
When playing video frame by frame, find: magnetic post is not used in weight and is in minimum point and falls down, but
After substantially have passed through minimum point, magnetic post just falls.Experimental implementation person repeats to test repeatedly, every time
All recorded video playing frame by frame, all find this phenomenon.This phenomenon and theory are not inconsistent.This
Do not found by people before phenomenon: slow play just it is observed that this phenomenon.From weight
Thing is outwelled to magnetic post through minimum point, about lasts 0.2 second.The time of 0.2 second, it is about
1/the 8 of this device hung weight period of single pendulum, this is in 0.2 second, the road of weight process
Journey is about the angle of 2/3rds of amplitude, fine rule and vertical direction and is about 40 degree.Institute
With, generally from the time, observation does not go out this phenomenon, the when of slow play, and can be inclined from weight
This phenomenon is observed in the distance of equilbrium position.
For Yan Ge, this experiment and theory are not inconsistent, and this experimental provision should not be used in circular motion
Dynamic (dynamical) teaching.In other words: a new device will be researched and developed, minimum point pulling force can be demonstrated
More than the experiment of gravity, and overcome drawbacks described above.
Since researching and developing new device, it is necessary to know existing apparatus, where is the problem.Have two
Kind saying: 1, the deformation of fine rule requires time for, and this time is about 0.2s, waits fine rule complete
Having become deformation, magnetic post is just forgotten about it by bigger pulling force.2, magnetic post at weight through
Low spot just has begun to topple over, but, the length of magnetic post falls short of, after 0.2 second,
Will become apparent from magnetic post to outwell.Both sayings sound the most reasonable, if known by theory
Knowing and judge which kind of saying is correct, this is extremely complex theoretical question.
About this phenomenon, also having other to explain, those are explained and directly can be arranged by theory analysis
Remove, so, do not describe.
The present invention proposes a kind of device, this device can: 1, checking above two saying which kind of
Correctly.2, overcome the weak point of existing apparatus, and reach experimental phenomena and be consistent with theory
Beneficial effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes prior art deficiency be the technical scheme is that
For the device of vertical plane dynamics research, including vertical panel, it is positioned under vertical panel
End, for supporting the base of vertical panel, is characterized in that: vertical panel is made up of refractory material,
Vertical panel fix connection one for adsorbing the adsorption plate of permanent magnet, adsorption plate for absorption forever
That face of magnet is perpendicular,
Also including a magnetic post that be made up, that be shaped as column of permanent magnet, magnetic post one end is adsorbed in suction
Attached plate, a magnetic post other end piece fine rule of bolt,
The upper end of fine rule is bolted to magnetic post, and the lower end of fine rule hangs a weight, and fine rule blows by being prone to
Material make,
Vertical panel is provided with a hole running through vertical panel positive and negative, be provided with in hole for flame with
Just after fine rule deviation equilbrium position, blow the first jet of fine rule as early as possible, and first jet
Flame direction is: has both been perpendicular to vertical panel, has been perpendicular to again fine rule.
The position in hole can be: the oblique upper of weight, and: close but misaligned in fine rule place
Vertical curve.
The shape in hole can be: circular arc.
Can also include: to be symmetrical arranged with first jet as the plane of symmetry through the perpendicular of fine rule
Second nozzle, and the flame direction of second nozzle is: be both perpendicular to vertical panel, the most vertically
In fine rule.
Fine rule can be cotton thread.
Adsorption plate can be fabricated from iron.
Magnetic post shapes can be cylinder.
Present configuration is simple, does related experiment by the present invention, can allow experimental phenomena and theory
Analysis perfection is consistent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the test figure of prior art.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 is the test figure of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 5 is the test figure of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 8 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention three.
In figure: 1-vertical panel, 2-base, 3-magnetic post, 4-fine rule, 5-weight, 6-adsorption plate, 7-
Hole, 8-first jet, 9-second nozzle.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing 1,2 is front view and the side view of prior art respectively.
Embodiment one
Seeing accompanying drawing 3, be the front view of the present invention, accompanying drawing 4 is the side view of the present invention.Fig. 5
Being the side view of the present invention, in Figure 5, one scope by dotted line, these scopes exist
Being displayed magnified in Fig. 6, in other words, Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.These accompanying drawing tables
Reach:
For the device of vertical plane dynamics research, including vertical panel 1, it is positioned at vertical panel
1 lower end, for supporting the base 2 of vertical panel 1, is characterized in that: vertical panel 1 is by fire-resistant
Material is made, and vertical panel 1 is fixing connects one for the adsorption plate 6 adsorbing permanent magnet, suction
Attached plate 6 is perpendicular for adsorbing that face of permanent magnet,
Also including a magnetic post 3 that be made up, that be shaped as column of permanent magnet, magnetic post 3 one end is adsorbed
In adsorption plate 6, magnetic post 3 other end bolts a fine rule 4,
The upper end of fine rule 4 is bolted to magnetic post 3, and the lower end of fine rule 4 hangs a weight 5, fine rule 4
It is made up of the material being prone to blow,
Vertical panel 1 is provided with a hole 7 running through vertical panel 1 positive and negative, is provided with use in hole 7
In flame to blow the first jet 8 of fine rule 4 after fine rule 4 deviates equilbrium position as early as possible,
And the flame direction of first jet 8 is: be both perpendicular to vertical panel 1, be perpendicular to again fine rule 4.
The position in hole 7 exists: the oblique upper of weight 5, and: close but misaligned in fine rule 4 place
Vertical curve.
Explain: nozzle: first jet 8 of the present invention, second nozzle 9 refer both to flame
Nozzle, the nozzle of flame belongs to prior art, the nozzle that following webpage is introduced:
http://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.18.RhvunH&id=401197
33829&ad_id=&am_id=&cm_id=140105335569ed55e27b&pm_id=&ab
Bucket=5
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.279.RhvunH&id=1602
6116927&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.212.RhvunH&id=3932
2048663&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.145.RhvunH&id=3872
2875361&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.34.SX1kPc&id=18445
364256&ns=1&abbucket=5#detail
http://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?Spm=a230r.1.14.59.SX1kPc&id=139740
25302&abbucket=5
Because above-mentioned webpage is edited by the businessman of www.taobao.com, so, it is impossible to guarantee
Above-mentioned webpage is always shown as nozzle, and the most when businessman will edit this webpage is other commodity.
How to allow nozzle flame, belong to prior art, such as oxygen-acetylene burning flame, such as
Portable propane flame device, this is all prior art.The flame of nozzle ejection can have attached
Belonging to the size of device regulation flame, make flame very thin, this is also prior art.
Using method: magnetic post 3 is adsorbed in adsorption plate 6, adsorption plate 6 can be fabricated from iron,
First the most not flame, allows weight 5 deviate equilbrium position, and guarantee fine rule 4 be shaped as straight line,
And guaranteeing that fine rule 4 is parallel to vertical panel 1, then release weight 5, many experiments, look for
To this position: when this position release weight 5, weight 5 is the most permissible when circular motion
Forget about it magnetic post 3.This position of labelling.For the convenience stated, this position is designated as location A.
Pinch weight 5 with hands, make weight 5 be positioned at location A, then, allow nozzle flame, adjust
The size of joint flame, makes flame firepower concentrate, and flare is fine.
Release weight 5, after making fine rule 4 just through vertical direction, is cut off by flare the most immediately.
Above presentation process full name is recorded a video, then slow play, in figure 5 it can be seen that the firm warp of fine rule 4
Crossing vertical direction, fine rule 4 is just blown, and meanwhile, the pulling force that fine rule 4 produces disappears,
Magnetic post 3 remains in that horizontal direction is adsorbed at adsorption plate 6, through the time of about 0.2 second,
Substantially observe that magnetic post 3 is toppled over.
Thus explanation: 1, does this experiment by prior art and does not see that weight 5 is in minimum point
Time forget about it magnetic post 3, be not as fine rule 4 deformation need the corresponding time reason, but because of
It is a process from slow to fast for toppling over of magnetic post 3, the starting stage toppled over, even if slow motion
Head plays video, it is also difficult to find that magnetic post 3 is substantially toppled over.Use device of the present invention, can
To prove: weight 5 when minimum point, pulling force truly have maximum, and pulling force is more than weight
The gravity of 5.
The position in hole 7 exists: the oblique upper of weight 5, and: close but misaligned in fine rule 4
The vertical curve at place.Near this word, it is common that unclear statement, but, by above-mentioned
Introducing, various equivalent modifications is it is understood that near referring to: fine rule 4 is through vertical position
After, blow the position of fine rule 4 as early as possible.Why too late can not blow fine rule 4?Because too
Blow fine rule 4 late, when video slow play, still see that weight 5 substantially have passed through minimum
Point, magnetic post 3 is not the most outwelled.Because the flame of nozzle injection has certain width, so,
Flame cannot just blow fine rule 4 when fine rule 4 is positioned at vertical direction.Reach such effect
Really: 1, fine rule 4 is in the moment through vertical position, and flame burns continuous fine rule 4,2, fine rule
4 after vertical position, blows fine rule 4 the most as early as possible.After so explaining, related-art technology
Personnel are it can be understood that the implication of " close " two word, and " close " such statement just becomes
Clear.If that also feels is unclear near two words, can be expressed as: the position in hole 7 exists:
The top of weight 5 equilbrium position, vertical direction distance weight 5 upper end 1-3cm, and: level
Direction distance fine rule 4 place vertical straight line 1-4cm.
Why not cut off fine rule 4 with cutter?Cutter no doubt can cut off fine rule 4, but, cutter
Have also been changed the radius of weight 5 circular motion simultaneously, then cause pulling force to increase, magnetic post 3 this
Outwell in the case of Zhong, it is impossible to demonstrate radius and reduce that cause or magnetic post 3 and topple over and make more slowly
The result become.
Various equivalent modifications is it is to be understood that flame contact fine rule 4 to be allowed rather than nozzle
Contact fine rule 4 itself.
Because nozzle temperature is the highest, so, vertical panel 1 is made up of refractory material.Such as build
Build the ceramic tile of device.Refractory material is not attracted by permanent magnet, so, vertical panel 1
Fixing connection one is for adsorbing the adsorption plate 6 of permanent magnet.In order to ensure magnetic post 3 level, can
To allow adsorption plate 6 for adsorbing that face of permanent magnet as perpendicular.Magnetic post 3 shape is permissible
For cylinder.
The flame direction of first jet 8 is: has both been perpendicular to vertical panel 1, has been perpendicular to again fine rule
4.The flame of nozzle ejection, has the effect of certain force to fine rule 4, so, it is perpendicular to fine rule
4 blow the way that fine rule 4 is reduction error.
How first jet 8 is installed with in hole 7, is prior art, can be fixedly installed, also
Can removably connect, it is also possible to use hand-held welding torch, only allow nozzle stretch in hole 7.
Fine rule 4 is blown, iff seeing this method, entirely without creativeness with flame.But
It is that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is not how to cut off fine rule 4, but: 1, checking
Which kind of is correct for two kinds of sayings.2, provide the technical scheme that an experiment is consistent with theory.Find
One problem not the most being found, this is the most creative.
Blow fine rule 4 by nozzle flame, fine rule 4 can be blown with the extremely short time.Fine rule 4
The most handy cotton thread, cotton thread runs into the flame that nozzle sends and is almost instantaneous and just blows.
Since the present invention say can the nozzle of flame, then various equivalent modifications it is to be understood that
The present invention when of use combustion gas to be configured with provide device, fuel gas transportation pipeline, gas quantity or
The corollary equipments such as person's amount of oxygen adjusting means, this is all prior art.
Embodiment two
See accompanying drawing 7, be the technical scheme that optimized by accompanying drawing 6 of the present invention.Also include: with warp
The perpendicular crossing fine rule 4 is the plane of symmetry and the symmetrically arranged second nozzle of first jet 89,
And the flame direction of second nozzle 9 is: be both perpendicular to vertical panel 1, be perpendicular to again fine rule 4.
Only blow fine rule 4 with a nozzle, have a deficiency: the flame of ejection can allow fine rule 4
By a momentum the least, the direction of this momentum is perpendicular to vertical panel 1 and away from vertically
Panel 1, even if so, still allows a part of observer (student) statement into question, and they recognize
For, it is that flame have impact on the stress of fine rule 4, then, fine rule 4 to the momentum that fine rule 4 applies
Forget about it magnetic post 3.Such saying has certain reason: because flame is really to fine rule 4
It is applied with a momentum, although this momentum is the least.In order to overcome rushing of this point point
Amount, can arrange another nozzle, namely second nozzle 9, the fire that second nozzle 9 sends
The flame that flame and first jet 8 send intersects, in point of intersection, it is simply that the position of fine rule 4 process,
So, fine rule 4 is being perpendicular to fine rule 4 direction, is not being executed by flame along fine rule 4 direction
The momentum added.Certainly, to shorten the flame time as far as possible during two flame flame in opposite directions, in order to avoid
Equipment suffers damage.
How to fix second nozzle 9, belong to prior art, support can be used, it is also possible to use hands
Hold welding torch---certainly, hands to be held steadily when the most permissible.
Embodiment three
See accompanying drawing 8, being shaped as of hole 7: circular arc, and, the hole 7 of circular shape,
It is positioned at the top of weight 5.It is such that to be designed with a benefit be exactly to adjust the position of flame point
Put.And the center of circle of this circular arc is positioned at magnetic post 3 and the junction of adsorption plate 6, this circular arc
It is long that radius is slightly less than rope.Be slightly less than-these three word is the most unclear, but, the application
In, be slightly less than means: the position that fine rule 4 is blown is preferably adjacent to the position of weight 5.
Fine rule turns over identical angle, and the distance center of circle is the most remote, and the arc length passed by is the longest, if distance
Center of circle proximity blows fine rule, is likely to result in fine rule deflection angle excessive.This understands please
See this specification explanation about " close " this word.
Each embodiment can use with reasonable combination above.
Various equivalent modifications is it is to be understood that the position that is blown of fine rule 4 is preferably adjacent to weight
The position of 5.
Cotton thread refers to the fine rule made with Cotton Gossypii, and cotton thread is easy to be blown.
Present configuration is simple, is beneficial to probe into more dynamic (dynamical) problems, as complementary experimental provision,
Can accomplish that experimental phenomena is consistent with theory.