CN201188280Y - Gravity circumference dynamic instrument - Google Patents
Gravity circumference dynamic instrument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201188280Y CN201188280Y CNU2008200051751U CN200820005175U CN201188280Y CN 201188280 Y CN201188280 Y CN 201188280Y CN U2008200051751 U CNU2008200051751 U CN U2008200051751U CN 200820005175 U CN200820005175 U CN 200820005175U CN 201188280 Y CN201188280 Y CN 201188280Y
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- gravity
- circumference
- lead
- rotary body
- reometer
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a gravity circumference dynamometer which comprises a circle or parabola revolving solid (6) rotating around a vertical shaft, and a measured ball m (1) on the circle or parabola revolving solid (6). The gravity circumference dynamometer is characterized in that a force instrumentation (2) which is connected with the measured ball m (1) through a fixed installation (5), a speed measuring device (3) and a power installation (4) are also included. The utility model provides a teaching aid which can visually display the mutual relationship of the rotational speed, the linear velocity, the turning radius, the lifting height, the acceleration, the kinetic energy, the potential energy, even the power and the mechanical efficiency quantitatively and visually for high school physical kinetics part teaching.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is to be applied to the teaching aid that physical kinetics of senior middle school is partly imparted knowledge to students.
Background technology
What the regular senior secondary school and the physics course medium power department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of vocational school divided use at present is the teaching aid of qualitative demonstration object of which movement and power mutual relationship, lacks the teaching aid of the mutual relationship of quantitative demonstration object of which movement and power, and teaching efficiency is very influenced.
Utility model content technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of gravity circumference pump dynamograph, this gravity circumference pump dynamograph can be not only qualitative but also the quantitative mutual relationship of ocular demonstration object of which movement and power, mechanical energy even power, mechanical efficiency, can improve teaching efficiency, with remedy existing high school physics dynamics partly impart knowledge to students the experimental apparatus that uses can only qualitative demonstration object of which movement and the deficiency of the mutual relationship of power.
In order to address the above problem, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme.
A kind of gravity circumference pump dynamograph, comprise around circle that vertical axes is rotated or parabola shaped rotary body and on testee bead m, it is characterized in that also comprising the device for measuring force, speed measuring device, the propulsion system that are connected with testee by stationary installation.
Described device for measuring force by the dynamometry power supply in parallel with propulsion system, be located at the supercentral potentiometer of rotary body, be located at brush, reometer A on the vertical turning axle
1And resistance in series connects to form by lead.
Described dynamometry power supply is by an electric capacity and two current stabilization direct supplys that diode connects to form by lead; Reometer A
1Join with the current stabilization direct supply after in parallel by lead with dynamometry potentiometer on the rotary body.
Described speed measuring device is by speed measuring motor, the reometer A on the vertical turning axle of being located at that connects by lead
2Form;
Described propulsion system are made up of the single-phase AC motor and the speed-regulating switch that connect by power lead.
Stationary installation is a circular space support, in order to fix vertical turning axle and device for measuring force, speed measuring device, propulsion system to be installed and to be guaranteed the instrument smooth operation; Rotary body is suspension type or pellet type.
Be that example describes in detail with circular suspension type rotary body below: when rotary body around vertical axes by static when beginning to rotate, testee bead m above it will rotate thereupon together, and velocity of rotation ω is arranged on the speed measuring motor on the turning axle and tachometer circuit is noted and at reometer A on the one hand
2On show; Bead m will make circular motion and rotate the α angle by the dynamometry potentiometer that install at rotation center place on the connecting rod driven rotary body vertical plane on circumferential in vertical plane under the acting in conjunction of gravity and centrifugal force on the other hand, and (resistance variations causes that the electric current of dynamometry circuit changes) α data are at reometer A
1Show.When velocity of rotation ω one timing, α is certain, and bead m is in relative static conditions (neither rise and also do not glide) on vertical plane.According to plane geometry knowledge, the α value of this moment is just equaling the bead m inclination angle size of moving obliquely upward, and again according to concurrent condition of balance on force in the statics, the stress of bead m on the inclined-plane is f1=-f2 at this moment, f1=mgsin α, f2=mr ω
2Cos α.Derive tan α=a/g, (a=r ω by f1=-f2
2) a=gtan α (a is a centrifugal acceleration), α and tan α interrelate, and tan α interrelates and links together with centrifugal acceleration a, r with a/g, r=Rsin α again.Conversely again with motion key element ω, V, and h, R, W, Ep connect each other.Tan α=a/g is the contact of most critical in numerous contacts, is theoretical foundation of the present utility model, so be core technology of the present utility model.Tan α is the derived function (tangent slope) of all functions (image), and is all suitable to the rotary body of other functions (image) such as para-curve, ellipse.With the pairing reometer A of α
1Registration is with its tangent value (tan α=a/g) at reometer A
1Acceptance of the bid fix (be that simulation shows, with this simulating signal transfer to digital signal and with counter in the tan program to join be that numeral shows.), this is worth just the gravitation multiple of bead m centrifugal acceleration at this moment.The value of the radius of turn r=Rsin α of bead m also can be at reometer A at this moment
1Middle tan α place is demarcated.In like manner, according to a=r ω
2, ω
2=a/r extracts square root again, and V=r ω (V is a linear velocity) calculates a corresponding ω of institute and V (linear velocity) value, at the reometer A that tests the speed
2Subscript is fixed.Equally, know the mobile height h=R (1-cos α) of linear velocity V and bead m quality and bead m, can calculate the potential energy Ep=mgh kinetic energy W=mv of bead m this moment
2/ 2, and at velocity metre A
2Corresponding ω and V value place are demarcated.Like this, motion state ω, v, r and stress a, the g of bead m arranged, and energy state W and Ep just fully confirm to have demonstrated F=mr ω
2Or F=mv
2Between/r and ω, v, r, a with kinetic energy W potential energy Ep mutual relationship.In like manner, when AC motor drove circular rotary body and quickens rotation, bead m continued rising, and α will increase, another group of ω, v, r, a, and W and Ep data are at A
1, A
2Acceptance of the bid is fixed.Because circle is gone up the feature of tan, the value of suggestion tan α marks 10 from 0, only marks integer, the decimal of the mark to less than 2 since 2.Tan α=a/g=10 just shows that the utility model maximum can demonstrate the centrifugal acceleration of 10g, when R=0.1 rice, during bead m quality=0.03 kilogram, centrifugal force is only had an appointment 3 Ns, 0.3 kilogram weight on the suitable earth, rotating speed has (5 week)/S about 10 a π radian approximately, and linear velocity has 3.1 meters/S, guarantees safe and reliable as long as centrifugal acceleration a is no more than 10g.
The utility model beneficial effect: the mutual relationship of object of which movement and the power and the energy of circular motion is made in visual in image quantitative demonstration, also can demonstrate power and mechanical efficiency if insert an alternating current ammeter at power power-line, also relate to some mathematical problems simultaneously, to improving teaching efficiency, the exploitation students intelligence, cultivate one's ability, carry out quality-oriented education and benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a suspended structure synoptic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 pellet type structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Further specify the utility model below in conjunction with embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, embodiment comprise around the parabola shaped rotary body 6 that vertical axes is rotated and on testee bead m 1, it is characterized in that also comprising the device for measuring force 2, speed measuring device 3, the propulsion system 4 that are connected with testee 1 by stationary installation 5.
Device for measuring force 2 by the dynamometry power supply 12 in parallel with propulsion system 4, be located at rotary body 6 supercentral 1k ohm potentiometers 9, be located at brush 11, reometer A on the vertical turning axle
110 and resistance in series 15 and connect to form by lead.
Connect the 220V AC power, at first closed dynamometry power switch 16 (speed-regulating switch is closed), reometer A when adjusting potentiometer 9 and guaranteeing that pump dynamograph is static
110 pointers make zero, because circle is gone up the characteristic of tan, tan α is greater than 2 some high concentration, A
110 are rotated counterclockwise and can alleviate a little, so the regulation full scale is zero (indicator is falling to walk).Then, with hand mobile bead m1 on circumference upwards, examine central angle and change, according to main α (tan α=1-----10 and less than a decimal of 2, r with centimetre integral point of representing) dynamics data complete list (table 1), the ascending dynamometry reometer A that demarcates one by one
110 a and r value.A is that unit represents (a=gtan α) with tan α with g, keeps a decimal.R is with centimetre representing to keep a decimal.Tan α=0.6 when for example α=31 are spent, r=5.2, tan α=1.4 when α=52.5 are spent, r=8.0.Reometer A
137 data of 10 are demarcated the back that finishes and are demarcated the reometer A that tests the speed
28.Method is: earlier instrument is placed steadily, opened speed-regulating switch 14 slow by-pass cock knobs.Rotary body 6 slowly quickens rotation around vertical axes under motor 13 drives, work as A
110 pointers, are carefully regulated the speed-regulating switch knob and are made pointer be stabilized in tan α or r point place, according to main α dynamics data complete list (table 1), at A when some near certain of tan α or r
2Demarcate corresponding ω, v, W, Ep value on 8.Dynamometry reometer A when spending as α=52.5
1Tan α=1.4, r=8.0 on 10; A
28 should demarcate: ω=4.1, V=1.0 Ep=0.0119 W=0.0160.Continue to adjust rotating speed, with A
137 of tan α, r points are at A on 10
2Upward pairing ω, v, W, Ep value are all demarcated and are finished.ω unit is π radian/S, and the unit of V is rice/S, and W and Ep are joule (the bigger available scientific notation of W and Ep order of magnitude span is demarcated).According to these unit regulations, ornamenting A
1, A
2Dial digital, integer marks with the short-term and the arabic numeral of radial direction, and decimal marks with pore.Find out integer and the decimal position that r, W, Ep lack and demarcate with interpolation method.After the demarcation mark finishes, as long as each device circuit connects good rotary body smooth rotation, A
1, A
2Corresponding accurately numeral be will occur, motion, power and mechanical energy quantitatively demonstrated.
Table 1: main α dynamics data complete list
Claims (7)
1, a kind of gravity circumference pump dynamograph, comprise around circle that vertical axes is rotated or parabola shaped rotary body (6) and on testee bead m (1), it is characterized in that also comprising the device for measuring force (2), speed measuring device (3), the propulsion system (4) that are connected with testee bead (1) by stationary installation (5).
2, gravity circumference pump dynamograph as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: device for measuring force (2) by the dynamometry power supply (12) in parallel with propulsion system (4), be located at the supercentral potentiometer of rotary body (6) (9), the brush (11), reometer A1 (10) and the resistance in series (15) that are located on the vertical turning axle connect to form by lead.
3, gravity circumference pump dynamograph as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: dynamometry power supply (12) is by an electric capacity and two current stabilization direct supplys that diode connects to form by lead; Reometer A
1(10) with rotary body on dynamometry potentiometer (9) join with the current stabilization direct supply after in parallel by lead.
4, as claim 1,2 or 3 described gravity circumference pump dynamographs, it is characterized in that: speed measuring device (3) is by speed measuring motor (7), the reometer A on the vertical turning axle of being located at that connects by lead
2(8) form.
5, as claim 1,2 or 3 described gravity circumference pump dynamographs, it is characterized in that: propulsion system (4) are made up of the single-phase AC motor (13) and the speed-regulating switch (14) that connect by power lead.
6, the gravity circumference pump dynamograph of stating as claim 4 is characterized in that: propulsion system (4) are made up of the single-phase AC motor (13) and the speed-regulating switch (14) that connect by power lead.
7, gravity circumference pump dynamograph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: stationary installation (5) is a space frame; Rotary body (6) is suspension type or pellet type.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200051751U CN201188280Y (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | Gravity circumference dynamic instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200051751U CN201188280Y (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | Gravity circumference dynamic instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201188280Y true CN201188280Y (en) | 2009-01-28 |
Family
ID=40311303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200051751U Expired - Fee Related CN201188280Y (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | Gravity circumference dynamic instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201188280Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104575187A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 王振环 | Kinetics study apparatus of vertical plane |
-
2008
- 2008-03-10 CN CNU2008200051751U patent/CN201188280Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104575187A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 王振环 | Kinetics study apparatus of vertical plane |
| CN104575187B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-02-22 | 青岛农业大学 | Kinetics study apparatus of vertical plane |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090128 Termination date: 20100310 |