CN106021701B - Consider coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling and the analysis method of plastic hinge characteristic - Google Patents
Consider coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling and the analysis method of plastic hinge characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis methods, belong to field of automobile body design.Cross-sectional area, the bending the moment of inertia characteristic for solving coachbuilt body beam framework complicated shape section first, secondly create coachbuilt body beam framework model, then generate the plastic hinge model characteristics of thin-walled beams, are assigned to Belytschko Schwer（BS）The material property of beam element, the material property choose No. 29 material types of MAT of LS DYNA softwares；The keyword text file that LS DYNA softwares can solve is ultimately produced, LS DYNA softwares is called to carry out collision solution.Body frame model is built using beam element, the deflection of beam of plastic hinge modeling, torsion and conquassation deformation carry out crash analysis, solving result is reliable, it is user-friendly, dramatically reduce modeling period, it will important directive function is designed with to coachbuilt body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of automobile body design, it is related to a kind of coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling and analysis method,
Espespecially a kind of coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis method.It is mainly used for rapid solving thin-walled
The section static mechanical characteristics of beam element cut with scissors mechanical characteristic with dynamic plasticity, to realize the rapid modeling of coachbuilt body beam framework
With solution.
Background technology
Automotive body structure impingement designed is one of core technology of automobile industry.In order to shorten the design cycle with experiment at
This, Computer-Assisted Design And Analysis technology has been widely applied in automobile industry.The computer simulation of car crass
Generally use finite element method.Automotive body structure is formed by sheet stamping through spot welding.In Finite Element Simulation Analysis,
Thin-slab structure is first divided into plane quadrilateral plate unit, then applies boundary condition, by business software LS-DYNA or
ABAQUS is solved.Large number of due to rectangular plate element, the Degree of Structure Freedom is calculated 1,000,000 or so to solve
Amount is big, seriously affects the design cycle.The linear finite analysis for the body structure that only beam element creates at present, i.e., static bending
Rigidity Calculation, frequency dynamic stiffness calculate, and do not have dynamic nonlinear finite element method analysis to simulate the collision of body structure.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of coachbuilt body beam framework collision modelings and analysis considering plastic hinge characteristic
Method solves the above problem of the existing technology.The present invention solves the problems, such as above-mentioned coachbuilt body beam framework crash analysis,
Body structure is created using beam element, the Degree of Structure Freedom quantity is about within 1000, and the calculating time is short, to accelerate car
The impingement designed of vehicle body.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling and the analysis method for considering plastic hinge characteristic, include the following steps：
1) first draw compound section geometry, including open section, silent single chamber section, silent dual chamber section,
Silent three Room section and the silent section of three of the above carry the case where flange, that is, the situation of silent+opening, totally seven kinds
Type section configuration；Then the static mechanical characteristics and dynamic plasticity for solving above seven kinds of sections cut with scissors characteristic, static mechanical characteristics
Including：Static buckling the moment of inertia, static twist the moment of inertia and static cross-sectional area；Dynamic plasticity cuts with scissors characteristic：Dynamic is moulded
Property crush characteristics, dynamic plasticity flexural property and dynamic plasticity torque characteristic；
2) coachbuilt body beam framework model is created, body frame model is built using Belytschko-Schwer (BS) beam,
The BS beams use the Belytschko-Schwer beam elements of LS-DYNA softwares；
3) the plastic hinge model characteristics for generating thin-walled beams, are assigned to the material property of BS beam elements, the material property
Choose No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA；
4) the keyword text file that LS-DYNA softwares can solve is generated, calls LS-DYNA softwares to carry out collision and asks
Solution.
In the step 1), the method for solving of the static twist the moment of inertia of silent three Room section configuration is：
Wherein q1, q2And q3It can be solved by following equation group：
WhereinF1, F2And F3Respectively the first Room of section,
The area that second Room and third room are surrounded；Lu, Ll, LmAnd LrRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate length；L′u
With L 'mRespectively upper plate and middle plate part length；tu, tl, tmAnd trRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate thickness.
The definition of dynamic plasticity crush characteristics described in step 1) and method for solving：Each thin walled beam is divided limited
First plate unit grid, rigid wall is collided by thin walled beam, and the relationship namely Plastic Compression of support reaction and conquassation amount are collided obtained from
Routed characteristic；
The definition of dynamic plasticity flexural property and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam,
Thin walled beam one end is fixed, is bent the other end around Y-axis or Z axis, the relationship namely plasticity to obtain moment of flexure and bending angle are curved
Bent characteristic；
The definition of dynamic plasticity torque characteristic and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam,
Thin walled beam one end is fixed, the other end is reversed around X-axis, the relationship namely Plastic Torsion to obtain torque and windup-degree are special
Property.
The composition of the creation method of plastic hinge model and plastic hinge model in the step 3), plastic hinge model be by
4 kinds of springs composition, including a kind of compressed spring, 2 kinds be respectively Y-direction and Z-direction flexural spring, a kind of torsion around X-direction
Spring；The moulding hinge model is assigned to No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA, the material is then assigned to BS beam lists again
Member, so as to create body frame using BS beam elements；Moulding hinge spring unit is agglomerated with BS beam elements by degree of freedom, contracting
It is kept to a hyperelement, internal degree of freedom is hidden, and to User Exploitation, user only needs to be directed to external freedom degree external freedom degree
Modeling, it is not necessary to the relationship for paying close attention to plastic hinge unit and BS beam elements, so as to accelerate the modeling process of body frame.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Beam element is combined with plastic hinge unit can really simulate coachbuilt body collision
Process.Beam element simulates the flexible deformation of structure, the plastic hinge unit simulation plastic deformation of structure.Using the method for the present invention
Coachbuilt body skeleton pattern can be created in 2-3 days, analysis time only needs 10 minutes or so, greatly improves car collision and sets
The efficiency of meter shortens the design cycle, especially solves the difficulty of puzzlement car body structure conceptual phase crash-worthiness analysis field
Topic.
The method of the present invention is different from other car body structure crash-worthiness analysis methods：Vehicle body bone is built using beam element
Frame model is deformed with the deflection of beam of plastic hinge modeling, torsion and conquassation, carries out crash analysis, modeling and solution
Speed is fast, convenient post-treatment, and solving result is reliable；Traditional design method is lumped mass spring (LMS) (Kamal, 1970) mould
Type, model is too simplified, can not observe important component deformation, and precision is inadequate；Existing method is to utilize the detailed of Shell Finite Element division
Thin body structure has upper 1,000,000 degree of freedom (the 1980s), and collision calculation amount is big, structure inconvenience modification optimization.Very
The operation for facilitating user, dramatically reduces modeling period, adds corresponding function according to the demand of user, to easily carry out
The crash-worthiness of coachbuilt body is analyzed, it will has important directive function to coachbuilt body designing technique.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative example and its explanation is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the compound section shape for constituting coachbuilt body skeleton beam element；
Fig. 2 is seven type section configurations；
Fig. 3 is plastic hinge model schematic；
Fig. 4 is Plastic Compression degeneration Shape definition and characteristic curve；
Fig. 5 is plastic bending deformation definition and characteristic curve；
Fig. 6 is that Plastic Torsion becomes Shape definition and characteristic curve；
Fig. 7 is coachbuilt body skeleton pattern；
Fig. 8 is coachbuilt body skeleton component explosive view；
Fig. 9 is 16 kinds of section configurations of coachbuilt body skeleton component beam element；
Figure 10 is body frame different moments to deform schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is that energy changes over time curve；
Figure 12 is that rigid wall support reaction changes over time curve；
Figure 13 is that displacement of joint changes over time curve；
Figure 14 is energy with key node displacement changing curve；
Figure 15 is impact force with key node displacement changing curve.
Specific implementation mode
The detailed content and its specific implementation mode further illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling of the consideration plastic hinge characteristic of the present invention and analysis method, including following step
Suddenly：
1) first draw compound section geometry, including open section, silent single chamber section, silent dual chamber section,
Silent three Room section and the silent section of three of the above carry the case where flange, that is, the situation of silent+opening, totally seven kinds
Type section configuration；Then the static mechanical characteristics and dynamic plasticity for solving above seven kinds of sections cut with scissors characteristic, static mechanical characteristics
Including：Static buckling the moment of inertia, static twist the moment of inertia and static cross-sectional area；Dynamic plasticity cuts with scissors characteristic：Dynamic is moulded
Property crush characteristics, dynamic plasticity flexural property and dynamic plasticity torque characteristic；
2) coachbuilt body beam framework model is created, body frame model is built using Belytschko-Schwer (BS) beam,
The BS beams use the Belytschko-Schwer beam elements of LS-DYNA softwares；
3) the plastic hinge model characteristics for generating thin-walled beams, are assigned to the material property of BS beam elements, the material property
Choose No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA；
4) the keyword text file that LS-DYNA softwares can solve is generated, calls LS-DYNA softwares to carry out collision and asks
Solution.
In the step 1), the method for solving of the torsional moment of inertia of silent three Room section configuration is：
Wherein q1, q2And q3It can be solved by following equation group：
WhereinF1, F2And F3Respectively the first of section
The area that room, second Room and third room are surrounded；Lu, Ll, LmAnd LrRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate length
Degree；L′uWith L 'mRespectively upper plate and middle plate part length；tu, tl, tmAnd trRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate
Thickness.
The definition of dynamic plasticity crush characteristics described in step 1) and method for solving：Each thin walled beam is divided limited
First plate unit grid, rigid wall is collided by thin walled beam, and the relationship namely Plastic Compression of support reaction and conquassation amount are collided obtained from
Routed characteristic；
The definition of dynamic plasticity flexural property and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam,
Thin walled beam one end is fixed, is bent the other end around Y-axis or Z axis, the relationship namely plasticity to obtain moment of flexure and bending angle are curved
Bent characteristic；
The definition of dynamic plasticity torque characteristic and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam,
Thin walled beam one end is fixed, the other end is reversed around X-axis, the relationship namely Plastic Torsion to obtain torque and windup-degree are special
Property.The composition of the creation method of plastic hinge model and plastic hinge model in the step 3), plastic hinge model are by 4 kinds of bullets
Spring forms, including a kind of compressed spring, 2 kinds be respectively Y-direction and Z-direction flexural spring, a kind of torsionspring around X-direction；
The plastic hinge model is assigned to No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA, the material is then assigned to BS beam elements again, from
And BS beam elements may be used and create body frame；This method plastic hinge spring unit is agglomerated with BS beam elements by degree of freedom,
It is reduced to a hyperelement, internal degree of freedom is hidden, and to User Exploitation, user only needs to be directed to external freedom external freedom degree
Degree modeling, it is not necessary to the relationship for paying close attention to plastic hinge unit and BS beam elements, so as to accelerate the modeling process of body frame.
Case study on implementation：
(1) calculating of beam element section static mechanical characteristics
Fig. 1 is three Room+open section shape, and the type section is the most complicated in seven kinds of section configurations, for it
Carry out calculating derivation.Section configuration is described by node coordinate (X, Y) with sheet metal part thickness t.During vehicle body design, on section
Can moving of having of node；Limited additionally, due to design space, some nodes are irremovable, are fixed points, removable in Fig. 1
Dynamic point and fixed point only do example.Along the axial direction of beam, the punching press sheet metal component of silent section is formed by spot welding, using hexahedron reality
Body finite element unit simulating solder joint.Each sheet metal can approximately be thought to be made of small rectangular segments.Therefore disconnected
Face area A can be expressed as
Wherein, n, m are respectively the quantity of sheet metal and the rectangular segments quantity of each sheet metal, AiAnd tiRespectively
For the area and thickness of i-th of sheet metal, lijFor the length of i-th of sheet metal, j-th of rectangular segments.
Section can be respectively defined as the moment of inertia and the product of inertia of x-axis and y-axis
Wherein, (xij,yij) be i-th of sheet metal, j-th of rectangular segments center, θijFor i-th of sheet metal jth
The angle of a rectangular segments and x-axis.
Pass through Ix、IyAnd IxyThe principal moments of inertia formula of section can be derived, i.e.,
The calculation formula of the torsional moment of inertia of thin-walled section depends on section configuration type, as shown in Fig. 2, wherein opening portion
The torsional moment of inertia J dividedoFormula can be expressed as
Single chamber torsional moment of inertiaDual chamber torsional moment of inertiaAnd three Room torsional moment of inertia be respectively
Wherein q1、q2And q3It can be solved by equation group (11).
WhereinF1、F2And F3Respectively the first of section
The area that room, second Room and third room are surrounded；Lu、Ll、LmAnd LrRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate length
Degree；L′uWith L 'mRespectively upper plate and middle plate part length；tu、tl、tmAnd trRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate
Thickness.
When silent section carries flange, as shown in (c), (e), (g) of Fig. 2, be also referred to as open+silent compound section
When, torsion stiffness can be defined as
Wherein k is the quantity of section room.
Therefore, bending the moment of inertia formula IxAnd IyIt is identical for seven kinds of section configurations.However, torsional moment of inertia formula J
Seven kinds of section configurations are different.
(2) beam element conquassation, bending and the calculating of torque characteristic
When car collides, conquassation, bending and torsional deflection can occur for coachbuilt body skeleton beam element, in order to very
The deformation of good simulation beam element adds plastic hinge model, as shown in figure 3, plastic hinge model is by 4 kinds in beam element junction
Spring forms, including a kind of compressed spring, 2 kinds be respectively Y-direction and Z-direction flexural spring, a kind of torsionspring, thus into
Row crash analysis needs to calculate these characteristics of various different beams before.The present invention calculates these spies by the method for finite element
Property, to improve collision solving precision.
The definition of crush characteristics and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam, by thin walled beam
Rigid wall is collided, the relationship namely plasticity crush characteristics of support reaction and conquassation amount are collided obtained from, as shown in Figure 4.
The definition of flexural property and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam, by thin walled beam
One end is fixed, and the other end is bent around Y-axis or Z axis, to obtain the relationship namely plastic bending characteristic of moment of flexure and bending angle,
As shown in Figure 5.
The definition of torque characteristic and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam, by thin walled beam
One end is fixed, and the other end is reversed around X-axis, to obtain the relationship namely Plastic Torsion characteristic of torque and windup-degree, such as Fig. 6
It is shown.
(3) the K files collision for generating LS-DYNA formats solves
After creating finite element model, generate LS-DYNA formats keyword text file, and call LS-DYNA into
Row collision solves.It is post-processed in the software of independent development after the completion of solution, the analysis of data, including system capacity is at any time
Between change curve, impact force and time graph, key node displacement curve.
The present embodiment introduces the implementation result of the present invention by taking Cars body frame as an example.
Body frame is simplified by taking certain a vehicle as an example, omits some non-bearing structures such as covering, is created shown in Fig. 7
Coachbuilt body beam framework finite element model.The model shares beam element 48, this 48 beam elements belong to 16 components, this
The explosive view of Fig. 8 is shown in the division of 16 components.All beams share a section configuration in each component, and section configuration is such as in 16
Shown in Fig. 9, therefore the car body structure is modularization model.Crash-worthiness analysis is carried out to vehicle structural shown in Fig. 2.It solves
Deformation of Body Framework it is as shown in Figure 10.Energy changes over time that curve is as shown in figure 11, and rigid wall support reaction changes over time
Curve is as shown in figure 12, and it is as shown in figure 13 that displacement of joint changes over time curve, energy with key node displacement changing curve such as
Shown in Figure 14, impact force is as shown in figure 15 with key node displacement changing curve.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for the technology of this field
For personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. made for the present invention,
It should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis method, it is characterised in that：Including with
Lower step：
1) geometry of compound section is drawn first, including open section, silent single chamber section, silent dual chamber section, silent
Three Room sections and the silent section of three of the above carry the case where flange, that is, the situation of silent+opening, totally seven types
Section configuration；Then the static mechanical characteristics and dynamic plasticity for solving above seven kinds of sections cut with scissors characteristic, and static mechanical characteristics include：
Static buckling the moment of inertia, static twist the moment of inertia and static cross-sectional area；Dynamic plasticity cuts with scissors characteristic：Dynamic plasticity is crushed
Characteristic, dynamic plasticity flexural property and dynamic plasticity torque characteristic；
2) coachbuilt body beam framework model is created, body frame model is built using BS beams, the BS beams are using LS-DYNA softwares
Belytschko-Schwer beam elements；
3) the plastic hinge model characteristics for generating thin-walled beams, are assigned to the material property of BS beam elements, which chooses
No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA；
4) the keyword text file that LS-DYNA softwares can solve is generated, LS-DYNA softwares is called to carry out collision solution；
The definition of dynamic plasticity crush characteristics described in step 1) and method for solving：Finite element plate is divided to each thin walled beam
Thin walled beam is collided rigid wall by unit grid, and the relationship namely plasticity conquassation to obtain collision support reaction and conquassation amount are special
Property；
The definition of dynamic plasticity flexural property and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam, it will be thin
Wall beam one end is fixed, and the other end is bent around Y-axis or Z axis, and the relationship namely plastic bending to obtain moment of flexure and bending angle are special
Property；
The definition of dynamic plasticity torque characteristic and method for solving：Finite element plate unit grid is divided to each thin walled beam, it will be thin
Wall beam one end is fixed, and the other end is reversed around X-axis, to obtain the relationship namely Plastic Torsion characteristic of torque and windup-degree.
2. the coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling according to claim 1 for considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis method,
It is characterized in that：In the step 1), the method for solving of the static twist the moment of inertia of silent three Room section configuration is：
Wherein q1, q2And q3It is solved by following equation group：
WhereinF1, F2And F3Respectively the first Room of section, second
The area that room and third room are surrounded；Lu, Ll, LmAnd LrRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate length；L′mFor in
The partial-length of plate；tu, tl, tmAnd trRespectively upper plate, lower plate, middle plate and reinforcing plate thickness.
3. the coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling according to claim 1 for considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis method,
It is characterized in that：
4. the coachbuilt body beam framework collision modeling according to claim 1 for considering plastic hinge characteristic and analysis method,
It is characterized in that：The composition of the creation method of plastic hinge model and plastic hinge model in the step 3), plastic hinge model are
Be made of 4 kinds of springs, including a kind of compressed spring, 2 kinds be respectively Y-direction and Z-direction flexural spring, a kind of torsion around X-direction
Turn spring；The plastic hinge model is assigned to No. 29 material types of MAT of LS-DYNA, the material is then assigned to BS beams again
Unit, so as to create body frame using BS beam elements；Plastic hinge spring unit is agglomerated with BS beam elements by degree of freedom,
It is reduced to a hyperelement, internal degree of freedom is hidden, and to User Exploitation, user only needs to be directed to external freedom external freedom degree
Degree modeling, it is not necessary to the relationship for paying close attention to plastic hinge unit and BS beam elements, so as to accelerate the modeling process of body frame.
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| CN106650135B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-09-03 | 吉林大学 | The rotary inertia calculation method of compound section thin walled beam body frame |
| CN107529642B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏大学 | Theoretical prediction method for bending and crushing energy absorption of single-cap type thin-walled beam |
| CN109086492B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2022-12-13 | 大连理工大学 | Wire frame representation and deformation method and system for three-dimensional model of vehicle body structure |
| CN112329123A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-05 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Frame vehicle body collision concept design method |
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