CN106020031B - The mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type - Google Patents
The mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type Download PDFInfo
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- CN106020031B CN106020031B CN201610456428.6A CN201610456428A CN106020031B CN 106020031 B CN106020031 B CN 106020031B CN 201610456428 A CN201610456428 A CN 201610456428A CN 106020031 B CN106020031 B CN 106020031B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type, coding chips（3）Interior includes IIC storage chips, and the storage of IIC storage chips and the one-to-one number information of temperature sensor, acquisition system are connected to temperature acquisition resistance by temperature line and GND lines（2）Both ends, acquisition system is connected by IIC frequency lines and IIC data lines with IIC storage chips.The present invention measures interface extensible, considerably increases number of sensors；Support thermistor, platinum resistance, the mashed up measurement of copper resistance sensor；Sensor unique identity is assigned, can easily search its position after disconnecting, to effectively improve sensor survival rate, ensure that blind spot does not occur in temperature monitoring.Pass through software realization：Beyond safety value automatic early-warning, GPS positioning is antitheft, realizes that point is surveyed, segmentation follows survey, follows the functions such as survey automatically.Reserved environmental condition monitoring, external power supply etc. are because needing the miscellaneous function socket of selection, facilitating realization plug and play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring systems of split-type.
Background technology
During concrete setting, generating the heat of hydration makes concrete temperature increase and deforms and cause crack, gives dam safety
Bring great hidden danger.Currently, the monitoring of concrete temperature mainly uses manual type：It is whole using manual site's reading and interior
Reason, the monitor mode of analysis of data so that the real-time of temperature monitoring is poor, and has human error, and this human error is not only
It is related that under the pressure of the requirement of project progress surveyed concrete temperature value is deliberately artificially adjusted with monitoring personnel, and by the skill of personnel
The factors such as horizontal, the survey measurements custom of art influence, and cannot show the true situation of concrete, give the quality and safety belt of dam
Carry out hidden danger.
Concrete Temperature Monitor System can replace traditional artificial monitoring, realize the real time monitoring of concrete temperature, effectively
Solve personal monitoring it is time-consuming and laborious, survey read not in time, have blind section, human error the problems such as.There is function ratio both at home and abroad at present
More complete monitoring system, but functions of the equipments are complicated, failure is numerous, bulky, monovalent costliness.Existing concrete temperature is supervised
Acquisition system host is first connect with equipped with the PC machine of intellectual analysis software with data line by control system, then by Transducers Embedded in Concrete
Temperature sensor is directly connected to acquisition system host temperature sensor interface, due to the limitation of acquisition system mechanical dimensions（Host
The sensor interface limited amount being capable of providing）, the more scene of number of sensors can not be suitable for.
In addition, Concrete Temperature Monitor System is very big for the demand of sensor, and sensor is various, most often
Have：3K Ω thermistors, PT1000 platinum resistance, copper resistance temperature sensor etc..If when due to sensor in-site installation
Good installation point uncertain factor is not cleared up（The displacement as caused by vibrating）, directly affect data and survey reading, analysis and result
Accuracy.None- identified cannot be replaced again after existing temperature sensor is embedded in the favorite outer broken string of concrete, to reduce temperature
The survival rate of degree sensor is unable to effective monitoring temperature change but also blind spot occurs in the temperature monitoring of inside concrete, to
The security risk brought by temperature change can not be eliminated.
Furthermore the temperature sensor of existing concrete temperature monitoring system is embedded in concrete in easy and concrete
Bar splicing causes temperature sensor performance to decline even loss of function, and there are huge security risks.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of mini multifunctional concrete temperature of split-type
Intelligent on-line monitoring system measures interface extensible, and deconcentrator can be used to be divided into other 8 interfaces for each interface, and should
Deconcentrator can be in pyramid extension tap, considerably increase the quantity of acquisition system measurement sensor；Support thermistor, platinum
Resistance, the mashed up measurement of copper resistance sensor；Chip is added in sensor internal and assigns sensor unique identity, after disconnecting
Its position can be easily searched, to effectively improve sensor survival rate, ensure that blind spot does not occur in temperature monitoring.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：The mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent of split-type
Online monitoring system, including remote monitoring center, data collecting instrument, at least one deconcentrator and several front end sensors, front end
Sensor includes 3K Ω thermistor temperature sensors, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors, copper resistance temperature sensor；It is described
Data collecting instrument is communicated by communication network with remote monitoring center, and the sampled signal input of data collecting instrument is respectively with each one
Grade deconcentrator is connected, and each level-one deconcentrator connects multiple two level deconcentrators, and final stage deconcentrator is connect with eight front end sensors；
The data collecting instrument includes line concentration board channel, measures board channel, A/D module, channel selection circuit and monolithic
Machine, each front end sensors are connected by line concentration board channel with board channel is measured respectively, are measured board channel and are passed through A/D module and monolithic
The sampled signal input of machine connects, and the channel selecting signal output end of microcontroller passes through channel selection circuit and measurement board channel
It is connected；
The channel selection circuit includes 3/8 decoder, bus driver, two photoelectric coupled devices, eight relays
Device and two dual four-way analog multiplexers, the input terminal of 3/8 decoder are connected with microcontroller, and the one of 3/8 decoder
For road output end by bus driver and two photoelectric coupled devices, each photoelectric coupled device is separately connected four relays,
The another way output end of 3/8 decoder is connected with two dual four-way analog multiplexers；
The A/D module includes that conversion chip, 3K Ω thermistors sample circuits and PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance are adopted
Sample circuit, the serial clock input pin of conversion chip are connected with the serial clock output pin of microcontroller, the number of conversion chip
The digital input pins of word output pin and microcontroller connect, the digital input pins of conversion chip and the numeral output of microcontroller
Pin connects, and the output of 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits is connected with the first simulation input pin of conversion chip, PT1000 platinum
The output of resistance/copper resistance sample circuit is connected with the second simulation input pin of conversion chip；
The 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits include the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1, resistance R92 and capacitance
One end of C94, the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 are connected with reference voltage REF, and the other end is grounded by capacitance C94,3K
Ω thermistor temperature sensors are parallel on the points of common connection of the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 and capacitance C94, should
Points of common connection is connected by resistance R92 with the first simulation input pin of conversion chip；The PT1000 platinum resistance/copper electricity
It includes the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2, resistance R93 and capacitance C95, the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance to hinder sample circuit
One end of RJM2 is connected with reference voltage REF, and the other end is grounded by capacitance C95, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors or copper
Resistance temperature sensor is parallel on the points of common connection of the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2 and capacitance C95, the public company
Contact is connected by resistance R93 with the second simulation input pin of conversion chip；
The front end sensors include the closed Stainless Steel Shell in an one end open one end, temperature acquisition resistance and volume
Code chip, temperature acquisition resistance and coding chip may be contained in stainless steel case body, and temperature acquisition resistance is set to stainless steel case
The blind end of body, temperature acquisition resistance are connect by cable with coding chip, and coding chip is by cable from Stainless Steel Shell
It draws open end；The outer rim of the temperature acquisition resistance is provided with alumina powder fill area, and the outer rim of coding chip is provided with ring
Epoxy resin embedding glue fill area；
Include IIC storage chips in the coding chip, IIC storage chips are corresponded for storing with temperature sensor
Number information, acquisition system is connected to the both ends of temperature acquisition resistance by temperature line and GND lines, and acquisition system passes through IIC
Frequency line and IIC data lines are connected with IIC storage chips.
3/8 decoder uses 74HC137 chips, the VCC energization pins of 74HC137 chips to pass through concatenated capacitance
C21 is grounded.
The bus driver uses 74HC245 chips, the VCC energization pins of 74HC245 chips to pass through concatenated electricity
Hold C31 ground connection.
The photoelectric coupled device uses TLP521 chips, the input terminal ANO of TLP521 chips to pass through the first current limliting
Resistance connects positive voltage, and the input terminal CAT of TLP521 chips is separately connected control input, the output end EMI difference of TLP521 chips
Connect the second current-limiting resistance.
The conversion chip uses AD7192 chips.
The first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 is 1/8W-2.4K resistance, the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance
RJM2 is 1/8W-1.1K resistance.
The temperature acquisition resistance is PT1000 platinum resistance, 3K Ω thermistors or copper resistance.
It is socketed with rubber protecting jacket on the outside of the Stainless Steel Shell.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1）It supports long-range monitoring and centralized management, and measures interface extensible, each interface deconcentrator can be used to be divided into
Other 8 interfaces, and the deconcentrator can be in pyramid extension tap, considerably increase the number of acquisition system measurement sensor
Amount.
2）Data collecting instrument uses 8 paths sensor data acquisition plates, when gathered data, open the channel of selection, breaks
Other channels are opened, primary only to acquire a sensing data, reselection opens next channel after the completion of acquisition, acquires 8 successively
A sensing data, it is easy to use, reliable.Chip select functionality, bus driver 74HC245 are realized using 3/8 decoder 74HC137
It extends P0 port functions and increases driving capability.TLP521 is photoelectric coupled device, carries Phototube Coupling function, is increased
Safety, reduces circuit interference, and each TLP521 can drive 4 relays, can complete the selection to 8 channels.
74HC137 external capacitors C21 can effectively filter decoupling, keep power level more stable.Photoelectric coupled device input terminal output end is equal
External current limiting safeguard resistor can play the role of good current-limiting protection, avoid electric current is excessive from burning photoelectric coupling chip or relay
Device.
3）Different sample circuits is designed, supports the mashed up measurement of different resistance value temperature sensors, simple in structure, user
Just, design and cost of implementation are low.
4）The input signal of sensor is resistance, and being converted into voltage signal could be by ADC acquisition process, in addition precisely
REF5V voltages and a high-accuracy metal platinum resistance of connecting（RJM1、RJM2）, then voltage signal is can be exchanged into, and in order to make
Input signal is more stablized, and is filtered using RC（R92-C94、R93-C95）, RC filter circuits are simple, strong interference immunity, have compared with
Good low frequency filtering performance finally accesses the input pin of A/D chip.
5）Coding chip is added in sensor internal and assigns sensor uniqueness identity, is handed over temperature acquisition system
Connection can easily search its position after disconnecting by the identity information of software kit energy identification sensor, to
It effectively improves sensor survival rate, ensure that blind spot does not occur in temperature monitoring.
6）The outer rim of coding chip fills epoxy resin embedding adhesive, can play good sealing and protective effect.Temperature
The outer rim for acquiring resistance fills alumina powder, can reduce eletrode tip deformation, conquassation, prevent electrode from adhering to, greatly prolong use
Service life.
7）In sensor external plus rubber protecting jacket, barrier temperature sensor is in direct contact with the heat conductor in concrete,
To avoid causing heat leakage, ensures the performance of temperature sensor, improves the survival rate and reliability of temperature sensor.
8）Pass through software realization following functions：Beyond safety value automatic early-warning, GPS positioning is antitheft, realizes that point is surveyed, segmentation follows
It surveys, follow the functions such as survey automatically.
9）Reserved environmental condition monitoring, external power supply etc. are because needing the miscellaneous function socket of selection, facilitating realization plug and play.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present system block diagram；
Fig. 2 is circuit block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is channel selection circuit block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is 74HC137 connections circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is 74HC137 truth tables of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is 74HC245 connections circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is schematic diagram inside TLP521-4 of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is TLP521-4 connections circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is schematic diagram inside invention relay；
Figure 10 is invention relay driver circuit schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is CD4052 truth tables of the present invention；
Figure 12 is CD4052 connections circuit diagram of the present invention；
Figure 13 is AD7192 connections circuit diagram of the present invention；
Figure 14 is 3K Ω thermistors sample circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Figure 15 is PT1000 platinum resistance of the present invention/copper resistance sample circuit schematic diagram；
Figure 16 is inventive sensor structural schematic diagram；
Figure 17 is inventive sensor data transmission principle figure；
In figure, 1- Stainless Steel Shells, 2- temperature acquisition resistance, 3- coding chips, 4- cables, 5- alumina powder fill areas,
6- epoxy resin embedding adhesive fill areas.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
As shown in Figure 1, the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type, including in remote monitoring
The heart, data collecting instrument, at least one deconcentrator and several front end sensors, front end sensors include that 3K Ω thermistor temps pass
Sensor, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors and copper resistance temperature sensor；The data collecting instrument is by communication network and far
The sampled signal input of range monitoring center to center communications, data collecting instrument is connected with each level-one deconcentrator respectively, each level-one separated time
Device connects multiple two level deconcentrators, and final stage deconcentrator is connect with eight front end sensors.Support long-range monitoring and centralized management, and
Interface extensible is measured, each interface deconcentrator can be used to be divided into other 8 interfaces, and the deconcentrator can be in pyramid
Extension tap, a set of expansible 255 deconcentrators of acquisition system theoretical maximum considerably increase acquisition system measurement sensor
Quantity.
As shown in Fig. 2, data collecting instrument includes line concentration board channel, measures board channel, A/D module, channel selection circuit and list
Piece machine, each front end sensors（3K Ω thermistor temperature sensors, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors or copper resistance temperature pass
Sensor）It is connected respectively with board channel is measured by line concentration board channel, measures board channel and believed by the sampling of A/D module and microcontroller
The channel selecting signal output end of the connection of number input terminal, microcontroller is connected by channel selection circuit with measurement board channel；Temperature
Sensor is connected on respective channel, and microcontroller selects Measurement channel, in the channel of selection, monolithic by channel selection circuit
Machine reads sensor information data by iic bus, while A/D module also begins to collecting temperature data, and microcontroller is total by SPI
Line reads the temperature data in A/D chip, acquires each channel successively in this way.
As shown in figure 3, channel selection circuit includes 3/8 decoder 74HC137, bus driver 74HC245, two photoelectricity
Coupled apparatus TLP521, eight relays and two dual four-way analog multiplexer CD4052, the input of 3/8 decoder
End is connected with microcontroller, and the output end all the way of 3/8 decoder passes through bus driver and two photoelectric coupled devices, each photoelectricity
Coupled apparatus is separately connected four relays, and the another way output end of 3/8 decoder and two dual four-way Multipexers are multiple
It is connected with device.Microcontroller can complete the selection in 8 channels by this circuit（Relay is used to select temperature data channel,
CD4052 is for selecting the channels IIC）.Elected device using 3/8 decoder chip 74HC137, to 74HC245 and CD4052 into
Row piece selects.74HC245 is bus driver, and TLP521 elements can be driven after being enabled to it.TLP521 is photoelectrical coupler
Part carries Phototube Coupling function, increases safety, reduces circuit interference, and each TLP521 can drive 4 relays（It can drive altogether
Move 8 relays）, complete the selection to 8 channels.CD4052 is dual four-way analog multiplexer, can using two panels
8 channels are selected.
Microcontroller is divided into two parts to the acquisition of sensor：1. reading sensor information；2. collecting temperature data.Sensor
Information includes：Number, model.Microcontroller controls the n-th of selected unlatching CD4052 chips by program（1≤n≤8）Channel,
By IIC Double wire transmissions agreement and sensor internal chip communication on this channel, the factory number and model of the sensor are read,
Microcontroller continues that program control is selected to open the n-th channel of relay later, at this time the temperature line in the channel by access A/D module into
Whether row conversion, microcontroller read temperature data by being communicated with A/D module, judge 8 channels after the completion of the acquisition of the channel
It acquires and completes, closing peripheral circuit if acquiring completion enters standby mode, if also acquisition does not continue under acquisition in channel
One channel.
As shown in figure 4,74HC137 is the decoder that a piece of 3 line turns 8 lines, 16 pins are shared：1,2,3 foot A0, A1, A2
It decodes and inputs for 3 lines；4,5,6 foot LE, E1, E2 are Enable Pin；8 foot GND；16 foot VCC power supplies；This 8 pins of Y0 ~ Y7 are decoding
The decoding output of 8 line of device.The VCC energization pins of 74HC137 chips are grounded by concatenated capacitance C21, and external capacitor C21 is for filtering
Wave decouples, and keeps power level more stable.It is chip input selection foot that A0 ~ A2, which meets microcontroller P0.0 ~ P0.2, and 4 foot LE connect microcontroller
For P4.6 with to enable control 74HC137 chips, it is to open to enable that E1 ground connection, E2, which connect positive voltage,.In this circuit arrangement, it only uses
Y0, Y3, Y4 output port, Y0 are the enabled foot of 74HC245 chips, and Y3, Y4 are the enabled foot of two panels CD4052 chips.In the electricity
Lu Zhong can enable to control three chips of next stage using only 1 74HC137.It, can about the working method of 3/8 decoder
Check 74HC137 truth tables, as shown in figure 5, by Enable Pin and the decoding input of 3 lines, a certain foot electricity during 8 lines can be made to export
Position drags down, it can be seen that, 74HC137 can be used as selector, and output pin is connected to the Enable Pin of next stage chip,
To enable the one of chip of 8 chips and make its work.
As shown in fig. 6,74HC245 is a kind of ternary output, eight road signal transceivers, it is mainly used in large-size screen monitors and shows, with
And make bus extension and driving in other consumer electronics products.In this circuit, we use it for single-chip processor i/o port
Extension makes the ports P0 complete more functions, while the chip drives ability is stronger, and microcontroller can be well by the chip
Drive next stage chip TLP521.In structure, the VCC energization pins of 74HC245 chips are grounded by concatenated capacitance C31, together
Sample plays the role of filtering decoupling.
TLP521 is controllable photoelectric coupled device, and the signal being widely used between all kinds of electron product circuits passes
It is defeated, by photoelectric coupling, front end is allowed to completely isolated, increase safety, reduction circuit interference is loaded and simplifies circuit design.
Fig. 7 is the inside schematic diagram of TLP521-4：When, by certain forward current, by photoelectric coupling, 15,16 feet are just between 1,2 feet
It can be connected, a TLP521-4 chip contains 4 photoelectric coupling channels.
As shown in figure 8, TLP521 chip input terminals ANO connects positive voltage, pass through 5.1K resistance current-limiting protections；Input terminal CAT
It inputs in order to control, when for high level, corresponding COL and EMI's is separated, and when low level is connected；External 10K resistance is exported to use
In current-limiting protection.By controlling the level height of CAT, cut-offfing for corresponding channel can be controlled.
This system is 8 channel acquisition systems, can acquire the data in 8 channels, and present, and the control circuit of prime is obviously
Through have the ability driving 8 channels, and this level-one we need selective relay to realize cut-offfing for this 8 channels.
Relay generally uses electromagnetic type relay, and electromagnetic type relay is generally by iron core, coil, armature, contact
Reed forms, as long as shown in figure 9, add certain voltage in 1 foot of coil both ends and 16 feet, makes have electric current to flow through in coil, and 9
Foot will be connected with 13 feet, and 8 feet can also be connected simultaneously with 4 feet, work as current vanishes, and what is be connected just now will disconnect, and 11 feet with
13 feet can then be connected, and 6 feet are also switched on simultaneously with 4 feet, to achieve the purpose that conducting, cut-out in circuit.
As shown in Figure 10, relay drive circuit：V2+, v2- are applied voltage（It is provided by power module DY05D0505）,
NTC1 is 3K Ω thermistor temp lines, and RTD1 is PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance temperature line, and CP1 is 3K Ω thermistor temperature
Pipeline is spent, CP2 is PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance temperature pipeline.Diode Dk1 voltage-stabilizing protections, triode Q1 is for controlling
Relay on-off processed.Operation principle：Circuit passes through cou1（The output pin of chip TLP521-4）The height of level, controls Q1's
It cut-offs, to which indirect control relay is cut-off, when cou1 is high level, triode Q1 conductings, relay K1 starts to work, makes
It is connected between conducting, RTD1 and CP2 between NTC1 and CP1, to which the temperature line of temperature sensor is passed to A/D module.3KΩ
Thermistor, PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance can only select one to access circuit.
CD4052 is dual four-way analog multiplexer/demultiplexer, carries Professional Association logical end, often
There are four independent input/output for a multiplexer（0X ~ 3X、0Y ~ 3Y）With a public input/output terminal（X、Y）.
Public passage selection logical end includes two number selection input terminals（A、B）With an effective input terminal of low level（INH）.
The truth table of CD4052 is as shown in figure 11.As shown in figure 12, A, B foot of chip CD4052 meets microcontroller P0.0 and P0.1, is used for
The wherein corresponding a certain channel of four-way is opened in selection；X, Y connects clock line（SCL2）With data line (SDA1), lead in selected
In road, the data of sensor side number board memory storage are read with IIC sequential；Enable Pin INH meets Y3（The output pin of 74HC137）,
This chip is selected to make its work for piece.
A/D module is the maincenter of acquisition system, and temperature and resistance accesses A/D module, after converted, monolithic by temperature line
Machine is communicated with A/D module, reads collected temperature data.This system uses AD7192 chips, which is a ultralow
Noise, 24 ∑s of low drifting-type ADC converters have individual analog power and digital power.Analog portion must use
Accurate 5V power supply power supplies, and digital power can input the free voltage within the scope of 2.7V ~ 5.25V independently of analog power, by
5V voltages are used in microcontroller, therefore DVDD must also use 5V power supply power supplies.
AD acquisitions are analog circuit, must be separated with numerical portion, using independent power supply power supply, and separate cloth ground wire.
Stable+5V analog power voltages are provided for it used here as 78L05 voltage-stabiliser tubes, and provide essence using ADR425 voltage stabilizing chips
Accurate+5V benchmark acquire supply voltage.
AD7192 is a low noise full simulation front end for being suitble to high-accuracy measurement application, built-in low noise, 24
Position sigma-delta type analog-to-digital converter（ADC）, low noise gain grade means that small signal can be directly inputted in piece.This device can match
Two-pass DINSAR input or four tunnel pseudo-differential inputs are set to, piece internal channel serial device can be to enable multiple channels, and AD7192 is in order
Conversion is executed on each enabled channel, this can simplify the communication with device.4.92 MHz clocks may be used as ADC's in piece
Clock source, or external clock or crystal oscillator can also be used.
As shown in figure 13, A/D module includes conversion chip（AD7192）, 3K Ω thermistors sample circuits and PT1000 platinum
Resistance/copper resistance sample circuit, the serial clock input pin of conversion chip（3 foot SCLK）It is exported with the serial clock of microcontroller
Pin（ADSCK）It is connected, the digital output pin of conversion chip（23 foot DOUT）With the digital input pins of microcontroller（ADOUT）
Connection, to transmit data to microcontroller；The digital input pins of conversion chip（24 foot DIN）Draw with the numeral output of microcontroller
Foot（ADDIN）Connection, to receive the data that microcontroller transmits.The output of 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits and conversion chip
First simulation input pin is connected, and the output of PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance sample circuit and the second simulation of conversion chip are defeated
Enter pin to be connected.
In programming, AD7192 is configured as binary channels bipolarity operating mode, i.e. AIN1-AIN2 is an acquisition
Channel（AIN2 is grounded, and AIN1 connects 3K Ω thermistors, to acquire the input signal of 3K Ω thermistors）, AIN3-AIN4 is
Another acquisition channel（AIN4 is grounded, and AIN3 connects PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance, to acquire PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance
Input signal）.Acquiescence acquisition is 3K Ω thermistors, if the channel does not acquire signal, ALT-CH alternate channel acquires PT1000
The input signal of platinum resistance/copper resistance.
As shown in figure 14, the 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits include the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1, electricity
Hinder R92 and capacitance C94, the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1（1/8W-2.4K）One end be connected with reference voltage REF, separately
One end is grounded by capacitance C94, and 3K Ω thermistor temperature sensors are parallel to the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 and electricity
On the points of common connection for holding C94, which is connected by resistance R92 with the first simulation input pin of conversion chip.
As shown in figure 15, PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance sample circuit includes the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance
RJM2（1/8W-1.1K）, resistance R93 and capacitance C95, the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2 one end and reference voltage REF
It is connected, the other end is grounded by capacitance C95, and PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors or copper resistance temperature sensor are parallel to second
On the points of common connection of high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2 and capacitance C95, which passes through resistance R93 and conversion chip
The second simulation input pin be connected.
The input signal of sensor is resistance, and being converted into voltage signal could be by ADC acquisition process, we are plus essence
Quasi- REF5V voltages and a high-accuracy metal platinum resistance of connecting（RJM1、RJM2）, then it can be exchanged into voltage signal, and in order to
So that input signal is more stablized, is filtered using RC（R92-C94、R93-C95）, RC filter circuits are simple, and strong interference immunity has
Preferable low frequency filtering performance, finally accesses the input pin of A/D chip.
As shown in figure 16, the temperature sensor with coding identification, including an one end open one end are closed stainless
Steel sheel 1（316 Stainless Steel Shells）, temperature acquisition resistance 2（PT1000 platinum resistance, 3K Ω thermistors or copper resistance）And coding
Chip 3, temperature acquisition resistance 2 and coding chip 3 may be contained in Stainless Steel Shell 1, and temperature acquisition resistance 2 is set to stainless steel
The blind end of shell 1, temperature acquisition resistance 2 are connect by cable 4 with coding chip 3, and coding chip 3 is by cable 4 from stainless
The open end of steel sheel 1 is drawn, and is connected by heat-shrink tube pyrocondensation between the open end and cable 4 of the Stainless Steel Shell 1.It is described
The outer rim of temperature acquisition resistance 2 is provided with alumina powder fill area 5, fills alumina powder, can reduce eletrode tip deformation, pressure
It bursts, prevents electrode from adhering to, greatly prolong service life.The outer rim of coding chip 3 is provided with epoxy resin embedding adhesive fill area 6,
Filling epoxy resin embedding adhesive can play good sealing and protective effect.The outside of the Stainless Steel Shell 1 is socketed with rubber
Glue protective case, barrier temperature sensor are in direct contact with the heat conductor in concrete, to avoid causing heat leakage, ensure temperature
The performance of sensor, the survival rate and reliability for improving temperature sensor.
Include IIC storage chips in the coding chip 3, IIC storage chips are a pair of with temperature sensor one for storing
The number information answered, as shown in figure 17, acquisition system are connected to the both ends of temperature acquisition resistance 2 by temperature line and GND lines, adopt
Collecting system is connected by IIC frequency lines and IIC data lines with IIC storage chips.Coding chip 3 is added in sensor internal to assign
Sensor uniqueness identity, with temperature acquisition system be crosslinked, by software kit energy identification sensor identity information,
Its position can be easily searched after disconnecting, to effectively improve sensor survival rate, ensure that temperature monitoring does not occur
Blind spot.
The basic measurement line of temperature sensor is temperature line and GND lines, and two lines are connected to 2 both ends of temperature acquisition resistance, adopt
Collecting system can measure the resistance of sensor by two line, to calculate temperature.And the temperature sensor of the present invention is four-wire system,
More two data lines, for reading sensor internal data, to obtain the information such as sensor model number, number.
Data transfer mode between acquisition system and sensor is IIC serial bus transmission modes, sensor internal
Storage chip is IIC device 24C02 chips, and acquisition system directly can read data by iic bus.24C02 chips are logical for IIC
Believe structure, chip operation needs 5V to power, and since chip power-consumption is extremely low, can be used IIC frequency lines that a capacitance is added to be the core again
Piece serves as power supply.
Iic bus is Double wire transmission pattern, by the IIC sequential of standard, by the data of particular address in 24C02 chips
（Sensor model number, number are stored in specific address space）It reads out, can be read from the address location for preserving model
Go out sensor model number, sensor number can be read from the address location for saving number.
Even if only temperature in use line and GND lines ifs, still can normally measure to obtain temperature the sensor, only in addition to temperature
Degree is just without other any information, if it is desired to which model, the number for knowing the sensor can connect another both threads, you can
Obtain model, number data.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form is not to be taken as excluding other embodiments, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type, it is characterised in that：Including remote monitoring center,
Data collecting instrument, at least one deconcentrator and several front end sensors, front end sensors include 3K Ω thermistor temps sensing
Device, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors and copper resistance temperature sensor；The data collecting instrument is by communication network and remotely
Monitoring center communicates, and the sampled signal input of data collecting instrument is connected with each level-one deconcentrator respectively, each level-one deconcentrator
Multiple two level deconcentrators are connected, final stage deconcentrator is connect with eight front end sensors；
The data collecting instrument includes line concentration board channel, measures board channel, A/D module, channel selection circuit and microcontroller, respectively
Front end sensors are connected by line concentration board channel with board channel is measured respectively, measurement board channel adopting by A/D module and microcontroller
Sample signal input part connects, and the channel selecting signal output end of microcontroller is connected by channel selection circuit with board channel is measured；
The channel selection circuit include 3/8 decoder, bus driver, two photoelectric coupled devices, eight relays and
Two dual four-way analog multiplexers, the input terminal of 3/8 decoder are connected with microcontroller, 3/8 decoder it is defeated all the way
Outlet is by bus driver and two photoelectric coupled devices, and each photoelectric coupled device is separately connected four relays, and 3/8 translates
The another way output end of code device is connected with two dual four-way analog multiplexers；
The A/D module includes conversion chip, 3K Ω thermistors sample circuits and PT1000 platinum resistance/copper resistance sampling electricity
Road, the serial clock input pin of conversion chip are connected with the serial clock output pin of microcontroller, and the number of conversion chip is defeated
The digital input pins for going out pin and microcontroller connect, the digital input pins of conversion chip and the digital output pin of microcontroller
Connection, the output of 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits are connected with the first simulation input pin of conversion chip, and PT1000 platinum resistance/
The output of copper resistance sample circuit is connected with the second simulation input pin of conversion chip；
The 3K Ω thermistor sample circuits include the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1, resistance R92 and capacitance C94,
One end of first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 is connected with reference voltage REF, and the other end is grounded by capacitance C94,3K Ω heat
Quick resistance temperature sensor is parallel on the points of common connection of the first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 and capacitance C94, this is public
Tie point is connected by resistance R92 with the first simulation input pin of conversion chip；PT1000 platinum resistance/the copper resistance is adopted
Sample circuit includes the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2, resistance R93 and capacitance C95, the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2
One end be connected with reference voltage REF, the other end is grounded by capacitance C95, PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensors or copper resistance
Temperature sensor is parallel on the points of common connection of the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2 and capacitance C95, the points of common connection
It is connected with the second simulation input pin of conversion chip by resistance R93；
The front end sensors include a closed Stainless Steel Shell in one end open one end（1）, temperature acquisition resistance（2）With
Coding chip（3）, temperature acquisition resistance（2）And coding chip（3）It may be contained within Stainless Steel Shell（1）It is interior, temperature acquisition resistance
（2）It is set to Stainless Steel Shell（1）Blind end, temperature acquisition resistance（2）Pass through cable（4）With coding chip（3）Connection is compiled
Code chip（3）Pass through cable（4）From Stainless Steel Shell（1）Open end draw；The temperature acquisition resistance（2）Outer rim setting
There is alumina powder fill area（5）, coding chip（3）Outer rim be provided with epoxy resin embedding adhesive fill area（6）；
The coding chip（3）Interior includes IIC storage chips, and IIC storage chips are corresponded for storing with temperature sensor
Number information, acquisition system is connected to temperature acquisition resistance by temperature line and GND lines（2）Both ends, acquisition system passes through
IIC frequency lines and IIC data lines are connected with IIC storage chips.
2. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：3/8 decoder uses 74HC137 chips, the VCC energization pins of 74HC137 chips to be connect by concatenated capacitance C21
Ground.
3. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The bus driver uses 74HC245 chips, the VCC energization pins of 74HC245 chips to pass through concatenated capacitance C31
Ground connection.
4. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The photoelectric coupled device uses TLP521 chips, the input terminal ANO of TLP521 chips to be connect by the first current-limiting resistance
Positive voltage, the input terminal CAT of TLP521 chips are separately connected control input, and the output end EMI of TLP521 chips is separately connected the
Two current-limiting resistances.
5. the split-type mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent on-line monitoring system according to any one of claim 1 ~ 4
System, it is characterised in that：The conversion chip uses AD7192 chips.
6. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The first high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM1 is 1/8W-2.4K resistance, and the second high-accuracy metal platinum resistance RJM2 is 1/
8W-1.1K resistance.
7. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The temperature acquisition resistance（2）For PT1000 platinum resistance, 3K Ω thermistors or copper resistance.
8. the mini multifunctional concrete temperature intelligent online monitoring system of split-type according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The Stainless Steel Shell（1）Outside be socketed with rubber protecting jacket.
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| CN107990994A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of multichannel Pt Resistance Temperature Measuring Circuit and method |
| US11467044B2 (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2022-10-11 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Multi-channel remote temperature monitor |
| CN111812179B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2024-06-18 | 中山蓝网物联技术有限公司 | Driving detection circuit and detection equipment of concrete sensor |
| CN113959579A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-21 | 西安工业大学 | Explosive internal temperature field measuring device |
| CN114674887A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-28 | 镜像生命(苏州)科技有限公司 | Coding sensor, coding and information setting method and reading method |
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