CN106017405B - One kind is from benchmark sextant - Google Patents
One kind is from benchmark sextant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106017405B CN106017405B CN201610640215.9A CN201610640215A CN106017405B CN 106017405 B CN106017405 B CN 106017405B CN 201610640215 A CN201610640215 A CN 201610640215A CN 106017405 B CN106017405 B CN 106017405B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sextant
- obliquity sensor
- fixed mirror
- benchmark
- index glass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
- G01C1/08—Sextants
- G01C1/10—Sextants including an artificial horizon
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind from benchmark sextant, including mechanical sextant, index glass obliquity sensor, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information processing system, display unit, communication interface, host computer application system, control system and power supply system.The index glass obliquity sensor is used to sense the inclination angle of mechanical index glass mirror surface, and fixed mirror obliquity sensor is used to sense mechanical sextant fixed mirror mirror tilt angle；The information processing system acquires the obliquity information of two obliquity sensors in real time, according to the control instruction of control system, carries out respective handling to acquisition information；The display unit Dynamically Announce observation information processing result；The host computer application system carries out information exchange by communication interface and automatic angle measurement integrated apparatus and result calculates；The power supply system is to power from benchmark sextant is unified.The original use for not influencing marine sextant from benchmark sextant does not depend on sky-line observation, and position time, positioning accuracy and the degree of automation greatly improve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to navigation field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of from benchmark sextant.
Background technique
Currently, marine sextant is made always due to its independence and high reliability although modern airmanship continues to develop
For one of means of guaranteeing the minimum of naval vessels and marine navigation, better equipment there is no to replace it.But traditional marine sextant is using
On have the following disadvantages: that observation relies on the sky-line, positioning could be only observed within morning twilight and confused the shadow very short time, when positioning
Machine critical constraints, once emergency occurs, it is difficult to play the independent navigation performance of sextant；Positioning time grows (observation time
Individually measurement, observes data manual record, and observed result draws calculation by hand), observed position cannot be provided in time；Positioning accuracy is low,
The influence that positioning result testee's individual observes technical ability is bigger, is not able to satisfy high accuracy positioning requirement in special circumstances.Cause
This, studies one kind from benchmark sextant, does not depend on the sky-line, increase position time, improve the degree of automation, improve positioning accurate
Degree, in " e navigation " epoch it is of great significance to and value.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of that present invention to provide one kind from benchmark sextant, does not change marine sextant
Original structure does not influence marine sextant and used originally, realize traditional marine sextant target vertical angle and horizontal angle from base
Quasi- observation, astrofix do not depend on the sky-line, and positioning accuracy and survey person's technical ability are substantially unrelated, observation information are automatically sensed, automatically
Observation information is handled, observation information is transmitted automatically, carries out location Calculation automatically, positioning accuracy, the degree of automation greatly improve.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
One kind is from benchmark sextant, including mechanical sextant, index glass obliquity sensor, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information
Processing system, display unit, communication interface, host computer application system, control system and power supply system.The index glass inclination angle sensing
Device, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information processing system, display unit, communication interface, control system and power supply system are mounted on machine
On tool sextant, and mechanical sextant forms integral structure；The information processing system connects index glass obliquity sensor and consolidates
Horizontal glass obliquity sensor acquires target observation information in real time.The host computer application system is by communication interface and from benchmark six
Instrument is divided to carry out navigation information interaction；The display unit link information processing system, for display information processor system output
Target observation information.
The index glass obliquity sensor, is installed on mechanical sextant, moves synchronously with index glass, for sensing index glass mirror
The inclination angle in face；The fixed mirror obliquity sensor, is installed on mechanical sextant, moves synchronously with fixed mirror, for sensing
The inclination angle of fixed mirror mirror surface；The information processing system acquires inclining for index glass obliquity sensor and fixed mirror obliquity sensor in real time
Then angle information is converted into object height angle information according to computation model；The communication interface link information processing system is established
From the communication of benchmark sextant and host computer application system；The host computer application system is divided by communication interface and from benchmark six
Instrument carries out navigation information interaction (write time calibration information, read observation location information), then according to observation location information into
Row positioning result calculates.
The control system link information processing system, sends a control signal to information processing system, divides from benchmark six
Instrument carries out working state control；The power supply system is index glass obliquity sensor, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information processing system
System, display unit, communication interface and control system are unified to power, and power supply system has rechargeable function.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
It is of the invention from benchmark sextant, do not change the structure of marine sextant, do not influence the use of marine sextant, adopt
With obliquity sensor technology, realize sextant from reference measurement and automatic measurement.It is compared with traditional marine sextant, from base
Quasi- sextant does not depend on the nature sky-line, and position time effectively expands；Meanwhile it can be with automatic measurement, automatically from benchmark sextant
Change degree is obviously improved；In addition, tangent error is not present from benchmark sextant, positioning accuracy is significantly improved.
After the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention is read in conjunction with the figure, the other features and advantages of the invention will become more
Add clear.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of embodiment proposed by the invention from benchmark sextant；
Fig. 2 is the angle measuring principle figure shown in Fig. 1 from benchmark sextant；
Fig. 3 is shown in Fig. 1 from benchmark sextant from benchmark angle measuring principle figure.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.It is disclosed in this specification all
Feature or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, can be with other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step
Any mode combines.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of embodiment proposed by the invention from benchmark sextant.It is of the invention from base
Quasi- sextant is mainly by mechanical sextant 1, index glass obliquity sensor 2, fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3, information processing system 4, aobvious
Show that unit 5, communication interface 6, host computer application system 7, control system 8 and power supply system 9 form.
The index glass obliquity sensor 2 is mounted on mechanical 1 index glass turntable of sextant, it is desirable that its horizontal sensitive axes perpendicular to
Index glass mirror surface (also can choose parallel)；The fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 is mounted below mechanical 1 fixed mirror of sextant six points
On instrument frame body, also require that its horizontal sensitive axes (also can choose parallel) perpendicular to fixed mirror mirror surface.
The information processing system 4 is mounted in the handle of tool sextant 1, acquires both of the aforesaid obliquity sensor in real time
Obliquity information carries out respective handling to acquisition information according to the control instruction of control system；The design of communication interface 6 is vertically being taken
The communication from benchmark sextant and host computer application system is established in the lower end of sextant handle when mechanical sextant 1；It is described upper
Machine application system 7 exchanges information by communication interface 6 and information processing system 4；The display unit 5 is mounted on tool sextant 1
Calibration bar limb reads window close to the region that index is pressed from both sides, Dynamically Announce observation information processing result.
The control system 8 is made of control button and control software, when control button is mounted on vertically by tool sextant 1
Sextant handle upper end, survey person's index finger facilitate the place of pressing；In order to make the simple from benchmark sextant structure of the present embodiment, grasp
Facilitate, a control button can use " clicking ", " double-click " or " long-pressing " three kinds of different push-botton operations to realize respectively and " survey
Amount ", " calibration " or " deletion " three kinds of function controls.
The power supply system 9 is made of rechargeable lithium battery, power management module and power switch, power supply system 9 and letter
Breath processing system 4 is installed along in the handle of mechanical sextant 1, and illumination battery originally removes；Power switch design is being hung down
The lower end of sextant handle, the side of communication interface 6 when the straight sextant 1 by machinery.
Fig. 2 is the angle measuring principle schematic diagram from benchmark sextant.After such as above-mentioned installation, since index glass inclination angle senses
The horizontal sensitive axes of device 2 and fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 are respectively perpendicular to the index glass mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror of mechanical sextant 1
Face, therefore, the angle of index glass obliquity sensor 2 and the horizontal sensitive axes of fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 are exactly 1 index glass of mechanical sextant
The dihedral angle of mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror surface；According to sextant angle measuring principle, 2 times of index glass mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror surface dihedral angle are just
It is the elevation angle of observed object；So described can be inclined from benchmark sextant by sensing index glass obliquity sensor 2 and fixed mirror
The horizontal angle of the horizontal sensitive axes of angle transducer 3 realizes the automatic measurement at object height angle, h=2 × | alpha-beta |, wherein α-
The sensitivity value of index glass obliquity sensor 2, β-fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 sensitivity value, h-object height angle.According to from benchmark
The automatic measurement at common marine sextant object height angle may be implemented from benchmark sextant for the angle measuring principle of sextant, and not
Influence the original use of marine sextant.
Fig. 3 is described from benchmark sextant from benchmark angle measuring principle schematic diagram.Due to mechanical 1 fixed mirror of sextant and prestige
The position of remote mirror is relatively constant, and fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 is fixedly mounted below mechanical 1 fixed mirror of sextant on frame body, because
This, when vertically taking mechanical sextant 1, in 1 telescope light of the horizontal sensitive axes of fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 and mechanical sextant
The angle of mandrel (straight line where it is the line of observation) also immobilizes, and perseverance is θ, and θ can be measured accurately in advance；When mechanical sextant
In 1 range of telescope, when celestial body image and truth are overlapped, mechanical 1 index glass mirror surface of sextant is parallel with fixed mirror mirror surface, and index glass inclines
The sensitivity value α of angle transducer 2 and the sensitivity value β of fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 are almost equal, and at this moment altitude of the heavenly body h generally takes β
It is calculated, can directly be indicated are as follows: h=β+| θ |.Therefore, it may be implemented not depending on the sky-line to celestial body from benchmark sextant
Height is carried out from reference measurement, and when observing, and without carrying out " draw, put, cut " as traditional marine sextant observes celestial body, is mentioned
High observation speed, reduces tangent error, also mitigates significantly to the degree of dependence of survey person's individual observation technical ability.
When observation positioning, power switch " ON/OFF " booting of long-pressing power supply system 9 is started to work from benchmark sextant.
It generally carries out first time calibration, when host computer application system 7 passes through communication interface 6 to the progress system from benchmark sextant
Between accurate setting, it is of course also possible to first observe after school when, this can be easily realized by software approach；Then it carries out
The measurement of " index error ", since the principle mandates of the horizontal sensitive axes of index glass obliquity sensor 2 can not be able to satisfy when installation: perpendicular to
Index glass mirror surface is equally also impossible to meet the principle mandates of the horizontal sensitive axes of fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3: perpendicular to fixed mirror mirror
Face, therefore, when mechanical 1 index glass of sextant is parallel with fixed mirror, index glass obliquity sensor 2 and fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3
Sensitivity value is not necessarily essentially equal, and there are a value of delta, this difference is exactly " index error " from benchmark sextant, it is necessary to be given
With measurement.Measuring method is: mechanical 1 calibration bar limb of sextant and drum type wheel being all zeroed, then keep mechanical as far as possible
Sextant 1 is vertical, gently rotates drum type wheel, and the true picture of celestial body is carefully observed in range of telescope and whether image is overlapped, the same day
When the true picture of body and image are overlapped, the control button of control system 8 is double-clicked, at this point, information processing system 4 records simultaneously and preservation is dynamic
The sensitivity value α of mirror obliquity sensor 20, fixed mirror obliquity sensor 3 sensitivity value β0And α0-β0；(α0-β0) it is exactly from benchmark
" index error " δ, δ=(α of sextant0-β0).When observing altitude of the heavenly body as the operation of marine sextant observation, when celestial body shadow
When as reaching a certain specific position " aiming ", the control button of control system 8 is clicked, that is, completes an altitude observations of a celestial body.This
When, information processing system 4 records observation time, the sensitivity value α of index glass obliquity sensor 2 and fixed mirror inclination angle sensing simultaneously
The sensitivity value β of device 3, and make following judgement, if alpha-beta ≈ δ, at this point, the true picture of celestial body and image are overlapped, mechanical 1 index glass of sextant
Parallel with fixed mirror, α, β are very close, are judged as from reference observation, and object height angle h=β+| θ |；Conversely, being judged as basic
Observation, h=2 × | alpha-beta |.Information processing system 4 calculates after observed result that observation data (time, height) are sent to display is single
5 display of member is locked and is saved, and enters information locking state from benchmark sextant, such as discusses how posture changes, and shows Information invariability；
The control button for clicking control system 8 again reenters observation mode from benchmark sextant, and preparation is observed next time.Successively
Back and forth, until observation terminates.If it find that this observation error is larger, system can be controlled with the control button of long-pressing control system 8
System will delete this observed result.At the end of observation, host computer application system 7 can read from base by communication interface 6
The observation information of quasi- sextant storage, calculates positioning result automatically.At the end of positioning, the power switch of long-pressing power supply system 9
" ON/OFF " shutdown.
It is using the specific embodiment from benchmark sextant observed object vertical angle above, wherein telescope is not unique
Selection also can be used high-speed charge coupled array, but can improve cost；When observed object horizontal angle, level takes machinery six
Divide instrument 1, when first object image and the very picture coincidence of the second target, needs to keep mechanical sextant 1 vertical again, in vertical configuration
The control button of control system 8 is clicked under state, other operations and target vertical angle are just the same.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: passed including mechanical sextant, index glass obliquity sensor, fixed mirror inclination angle
Sensor, information processing system, display unit, communication interface, host computer application system, control system and power supply system；It is described dynamic
Mirror obliquity sensor, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information processing system, display unit, communication interface, control system and power supply system
System is mounted on mechanical sextant, and mechanical sextant forms integral structure；The information processing system connects index glass inclination angle
Sensor and fixed mirror obliquity sensor acquire target observation information in real time；The host computer application system passes through communication interface
Navigation information interaction is carried out with from benchmark sextant；The index glass obliquity sensor, is installed on mechanical sextant, with index glass
It moves synchronously, for sensing the inclination angle of index glass mirror surface；The fixed mirror obliquity sensor, is installed on mechanical sextant, with
Fixed mirror moves synchronously, for sensing the inclination angle of fixed mirror mirror surface；
Index glass obliquity sensor is mounted on mechanical index glass turntable, horizontal sensitive axes are perpendicular to index glass mirror surface；Gu
Horizontal glass obliquity sensor is mounted below mechanical sextant fixed mirror on sextant frame body, also requires that its horizontal sensitive axes is vertical
In fixed mirror mirror surface；
Since the horizontal sensitive axes of index glass obliquity sensor and fixed mirror obliquity sensor are respectively perpendicular to the dynamic of mechanical sextant
Mirror mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror surface, therefore, the angle of index glass obliquity sensor and the horizontal sensitive axes of fixed mirror obliquity sensor is exactly
The dihedral angle of mechanical index glass mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror surface；According to sextant angle measuring principle, index glass mirror surface and fixed mirror mirror
2 times of face dihedral angle are exactly the elevation angle of observed object；It can be by sensing index glass obliquity sensor and consolidating from benchmark sextant
The horizontal angle of the horizontal sensitive axes of horizontal glass obliquity sensor realizes the automatic measurement at object height angle, h=2 × alpha-beta, wherein α
It is the sensitivity value of index glass obliquity sensor, β is the sensitivity value of fixed mirror obliquity sensor, and h is object height angle；Due to machinery six
Divide the position of instrument fixed mirror and telescope relatively constant, fixed mirror obliquity sensor is fixedly mounted under mechanical sextant fixed mirror
On square frame body, therefore, when vertically taking mechanical sextant, the horizontal sensitive axes of fixed mirror obliquity sensor and mechanical sextant are looked in the distance
The angle of mirror light central axis also immobilizes, and perseverance is θ, and θ can be measured accurately in advance；When mechanical sextant telescope visual field
In, when celestial body image and truth are overlapped, mechanical index glass mirror surface is parallel with fixed mirror mirror surface, index glass obliquity sensor it is quick
The sensitivity value β of inductance value α and fixed mirror obliquity sensor is almost equal, and at this moment altitude of the heavenly body h generally takes β to be calculated, can be with
It directly indicates are as follows: therefore h=β+θ may be implemented not depend on the sky-line from benchmark sextant and survey from benchmark to altitude of the heavenly body
Amount.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: the information processing system acquires in real time
The obliquity information of index glass obliquity sensor and fixed mirror obliquity sensor, and object height angle letter is converted into according to computation model
Breath.
3. according to claim 2 a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: the communication interface link information processing
System establishes the communication from benchmark sextant and host computer application system；Host computer application system is by communication interface and from base
Quasi- sextant carries out navigation information exchange, carries out positioning result calculating according to observation information.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: the control system link information processing
System sends a control signal to information processing system, carries out working state control to from benchmark sextant.
5. according to claim 4 a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: the display unit link information processing
System, for the target observation information of display information processor system output.
6. according to claim 5 a kind of from benchmark sextant, it is characterised in that: the power supply system is index glass inclination angle biography
Sensor, fixed mirror obliquity sensor, information processing system, display unit, communication interface and control system are unified to power, power supply system
System has rechargeable function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610640215.9A CN106017405B (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2016-08-05 | One kind is from benchmark sextant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610640215.9A CN106017405B (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2016-08-05 | One kind is from benchmark sextant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106017405A CN106017405A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106017405B true CN106017405B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| CN202748024U (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-02-20 | 中国人民解放军镇江船艇学院 | Semi-automatic sextant |
| CN103499333A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 张广海 | Digital sextant |
| CN205373722U (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-06 | 南昌理工学院 | Navigation positioner |
| CN205879164U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 四川汉星航通科技有限公司 | From benchmark sextant |
-
2016
- 2016-08-05 CN CN201610640215.9A patent/CN106017405B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4702011A (en) * | 1985-01-16 | 1987-10-27 | Sigley Gordon B | Sextant having a microprocessor for calculating the position of heavenly bodies |
| CN202748024U (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-02-20 | 中国人民解放军镇江船艇学院 | Semi-automatic sextant |
| CN103499333A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 张广海 | Digital sextant |
| CN205373722U (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-06 | 南昌理工学院 | Navigation positioner |
| CN205879164U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 四川汉星航通科技有限公司 | From benchmark sextant |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 航海电子六分仪测角传感系统研究;胡稳才 等;《上海海运学院学报》;20021231;全文 |
| 计算机辅助天文船位算法与六分仪改进研究;贾海红;《工程科技II辑》;20120228;第六章 |
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