CN103162677B - Digital geological compass and method for measuring geological occurrence - Google Patents
Digital geological compass and method for measuring geological occurrence Download PDFInfo
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- CN103162677B CN103162677B CN201310074563.0A CN201310074563A CN103162677B CN 103162677 B CN103162677 B CN 103162677B CN 201310074563 A CN201310074563 A CN 201310074563A CN 103162677 B CN103162677 B CN 103162677B
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Abstract
The invention provides a digital geological compass and a method for measuring geological occurrence, an azimuth angle and inclination angle data acquisition module, a laser module, a power supply circuit and a display module respectively connected to a storage and control module are provided in a casing; the azimuth angle and inclination angle data acquisition module comprises a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor and an A/D converter; the storage and control module reads the azimuth angle and inclination angle data measured by the azimuth angle and inclination angle data acquisition module, a pitching angle and a roll angle are obtained, the azimuth angle, the pitching angle and the roll angle data are sent to the display module for displaying and storing when necessary. The digital geological compass and the method for measuring geological occurrence have the advantages of high precision, convenient operation and high efficiency, and have angle compensation function by using a three-dimensional (shaft) technology when the azimuth angle is read, the real-time reading under compass horizontal are not necessary, so that the operation time can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic compass technical field, relate to the measuring method of a kind of digital geological box compass and geologic body occurrence.
Background technology
At present, geologic compass is all mechanical indicating pointer designs, is usually used in measuring various architectonic position angle (trend, tendency), inclination angle.This compass has following shortcoming:
(1) measuring accuracy error is large: such as need first to keep relative level when measuring orientation, and this steeps equilibrium state placed in the middle with regard to needing to observe for the mercury measuring level, and the vibration produced due to hand-held compass now can exist malobservation.When reading data after relative level or reading pointer drift central value or Non-follow control pointer stop swinging, at this moment also can produce the error of at least 1-3 degree, larger error can be produced with aforementioned error accumulation.And when mechanical part is aging and environment for use is severe, the error of conventional compass can be larger.Need first to obtain horizontal direction when measuring inclination angle, comparatively big error can be produced too;
(2) operating efficiency is low: conventional compass owing to being subject to the balance of aforementioned maintenance mercury bubble when measuring, observation pointer balance is all more time-consuming, and often need repeatedly could obtain data more accurately; Also need repetition said process when measuring inclination angle, so the time needing cost relatively many, this, under the comparatively severe even unsafe condition of down-hole, uses this box compass just to have fairly obvious deficiency.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of measuring method based on digital geological box compass and geologic body occurrence, its measuring accuracy is high and operating efficiency is high, can also possess multiple detection or data acquisition function further.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of digital geological box compass, comprises housing, is provided with the position angle and inclination data acquisition module, laser module, power circuit and display module that are connected with control module with storage respectively in housing;
Described position angle and inclination angle data acquisition module comprise Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer and A/D converter, and the conditioning of the raw data that Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer gather by A/D converter also sends it to storage and control circuit;
Storage and control module read position angle and the position angle measured by inclination data acquisition module and inclination angle and nurse one's health data, treated acquisition position angle, pitch angle and the angle of roll, and are sent to display module display;
Displaying contents mainly comprises the mimic diagram of the roll angle of box compass, the angle of pitch, azimuthal numerical value and/or numerical value; Described pitch angle refers to the direction line at present orientation angle and the angle of surface level, and roll angle refers in compass plane perpendicular to the straight line in direction, course and the angle of surface level;
The housing of box compass is provided with the straight line frame parallel with roll angle, angle of pitch direction.
Described Magnetic Sensor is 3 axial magnetic sensors, and described acceleration transducer is 3 axle acceleration sensors;
Or Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer are the integrated sensor of integrated 3 axial magnetic sensors and 3 axle acceleration sensors.
Also be provided with in described housing and store the laser module be connected with control module, described laser module comprises laser guide module and/or laser demarcation module;
The center line of the magnetic azimuth direction representated by Magnetic Sensor and the laser beam of laser guide module keeps consistency; The X-axis of the surface level representated by acceleration transducer or Y-axis and laser demarcation module the laser rays of projection to be consistent or parallel.
Described storage and control circuit control the laser guide of laser module, make laser module launch a branch of and that current box compass position angle is consistent laser beam;
Store and control the laser demarcation of laser module with control circuit, make laser module launch a laser rays consistent with current compass survey angle of inclination.
When being presented at data on display module and needing to preserve, be stored under the control stored with control module, these data are stored to storage and control module.
Described storage and control circuit comprise the controller and storer that are connected by data bus;
Described display module comprises display driver circuit and display screen, and display driver circuit drives display screen under storage with the control of control circuit, and corresponding content is presented at display screen.
Based on a measuring method for the geologic body occurrence of digital geological box compass, comprise following operation:
1) according to geologic body object to be measured, the characteristic face measuring geologic body object is selected;
2) by straight line frame parallel with angle of pitch direction on digital geological box compass snugly plastid characteristic face, under the state keeping digital compass instrument basic horizontal, adjustment digital compass instrument attitude, checks the numerical value of the angle of pitch on display screen or the change of mimic diagram; When the angle of pitch close to or when equaling 0 degree, point out digital box compass to be up to the standard state, suspend the pose adjustment of digital compass instrument, the azimuth value that now digital compass instrument record is current, move towards value as geologic body characteristic face;
3) then when keep the parallel straight line frame in box compass angle of pitch direction snugly plastid characteristic face, with this limit for axle gyrocompass instrument, the straight line frame making its roll angle direction parallel snugly plastid characteristic face time suspend rotate, store and read position angle and the data measured by inclination data acquisition module with control module, carry out the calculating of occurrence: select shell frame plane as reference field, current in three-dimensional attitude according to reference field, judge the tendency direction of this geologic body characteristic face, the value of moving towards of recorded geologic body characteristic face is added 90 degree or subtract 90 degree, obtain the propensity value of measured geologic body characteristic face, meanwhile, record the roll angle of the box compass of this attitude, as the inclination value of measured geologic body characteristic face,
4) obtained is moved towards value, propensity value and inclination value as occurrence three elements by storage and control module, in display screen display, and preserves when needing, completes the strike-dip survey of geologic body characteristic face.
Described when the angle of pitch close to or when equaling 0 degree, angle of pitch numerical value or mimic diagram carry out glimmering or variable color, prompting user is up to the standard state.
The tendency direction of this geologic body characteristic face of described judgement according to current which quadrant in three Cartesian coordinates of reference field judges.
Being calculated as of described propensity value:
By Two Variables a, b for judging the attitude of current box compass:
Work as A
ywhen being less than 0, a equals-1, otherwise equals 1;
Work as A
zwhen being less than 0, b equals-1, otherwise equals 1;
Current tendency is calculated: Obliquity=(Course+a × b × 90+360) %360 by moving towards value;
Wherein: A
yfor the y-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; A
zfor the z-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; Course is the orientation values of trend.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
Measuring method based on digital geological box compass and geologic body occurrence provided by the invention, utilize magnetic sensor circuit, have that precision is high, operation is convenient, efficiency advantages of higher: this digital compass when reading position angle owing to adopting three-dimensional (axle) technology, there is angle compensation function, can read in real time under need not deliberately keeping compass level, significantly reduce the running time.Measure geologic body occurrence one-time continuous to complete, normal measurement is generally no more than 1 minute, and measurement data is accurate, avoids easily making a mistake when manually calculating occurrence.
Three-dimensional (axle) electronic compass adds obliquity sensor therein, if can carry out slope compensation to compass during compass run-off the straight, even if compass run-off the straight like this, course (orientation) data are still accurate.Sometimes in order to overcome temperature drift, compass also can built-in temperature compensation system, the to greatest extent temperature drift at minimizing pitch angle and sensing angle.
Gravity accelerometer (obliquity sensor), it can measure static weight acceleration in tilt detection application, can also measure motion or impact the dynamic acceleration caused.Its high resolving power is enough to measure the angle change less than 0.1 °.And read along the roll angle of the elevation-depression angle on course (azimuth direction) with vertical course, resolution is high, can meet the measurement at the angle of inclination to types of objects. simultaneously
The azimuth accuracy that above-mentioned two kinds of sensors read generally can reach 3.0 °, measurement of dip angle precision generally can reach 0.1 °.Coordinate laser guide, laser demarcation function, user can be made to measure the eigenwert (position angle, inclination angle) of measurand more exactly.
Can also assist further and gather with the laser guide functional realiey azimuthal of laser module; The center line of the laser beam of the magnetic azimuth direction representated by Magnetic Sensor and the laser guide of laser module keeps consistency, and can ensure that laser guide direction is consistent with magnetic azimuth direction; The line that the laser demarcation function of the X of the surface level representated by acceleration transducer or Y-axis and laser module projects, to be consistent as far as possible or parallel, can ensure laser demarcation function launch laser rays inclination angle be consistent with the inclination angle of the dip plane aimed at during compass survey angle of inclination; Utilize obliquity sensor circuit like this, auxiliary with the laser demarcation function of laser module, angle of inclination is gathered, and operate very convenient, significantly improve the precision of measurement, can read in real time under need not deliberately keeping compass level, significantly reduce the running time.
The present invention owing to being based on design of electronic products pattern, can realize that compass weight is only conventional compass 1/2, gauge reaches about 1/3 of conventional compass.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system chart of a kind of digital geological box compass of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the measuring method step block diagram of geologic body occurrence of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, mine digital geologic compass of the present invention is described in detail:
See Fig. 1, there is the digital geological box compass of laser guide, it is characterized in that, in housing, be provided with the position angle and inclination data acquisition module, laser module, power circuit and display module that are connected with control module with storage respectively;
Described position angle and inclination angle data acquisition module comprise Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer and A/D converter, and the conditioning of the raw data that Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer gather by A/D converter also sends it to storage and control circuit;
Store and reads position angle and the position angle measured by inclination data acquisition module and inclination data with control module, acquisition pitch angle and the angle of roll, by position angle, pitch angle and angle of roll data, and be sent to display module and show;
Displaying contents mainly comprises the mimic diagram of the roll angle of box compass, the angle of pitch, azimuthal numerical value and/or numerical value; Described pitch angle refers to the direction line at present orientation angle and the angle of surface level, and roll angle refers in compass plane perpendicular to the straight line in direction, course and the angle of surface level;
The housing of box compass is provided with the straight line frame parallel with roll angle, angle of pitch direction.
Further, be also provided with in described housing and store the laser module be connected with control module, described laser module comprises laser guide module and/or laser demarcation module;
The center line of the magnetic azimuth direction representated by Magnetic Sensor and the laser beam of laser guide module keeps consistency; The X-axis of the surface level representated by acceleration transducer or Y-axis and laser demarcation module the laser rays of projection to be consistent or parallel.
Store the laser guide controlling laser module with control circuit, make laser module launch a branch of and that current box compass position angle is consistent laser beam;
Store and control the laser demarcation of laser module with control circuit, make laser module launch a laser rays consistent with current box compass angle of inclination.
Store and controls the laser guide function of laser module with control circuit, this function can make box compass launch a laser beam consistent with current box compass position angle, assists the determination in measurement orientation during measurement of azimuth; Store the laser demarcation function controlling laser module with control circuit, this function can make box compass launch a laser rays consistent with current box compass angle of inclination (pitch angle and the angle of roll), measures the determination at existing object angle of inclination during auxiliary measurement of dip angle.
Concrete, described position angle and inclination data acquisition module comprise Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer and A/D converter, and Magnetic Sensor collection also provides position angle, and Gravity accelerometer collection also provides angle of inclination.
Described Magnetic Sensor is 3 axial magnetic sensors, and described Gravity accelerometer is 3 axle acceleration sensors.All right, by 3 axial magnetic sensors and 3 axle Gravity accelerometer Integrated designs, be integrated into the sensor of three axle magnetometers and triaxial accelerometer.
Further, can also be provided with in described housing and store the barometric leveling module be connected with control module, storage and control module read air pressure, temperature data measured by barometric leveling module, obtain elevation through computing, air pressure, temperature, altitude figures are stored and shown on display module.
Can also be provided with in described housing and store the satellite positioning module be connected with control module, storing and reads longitude and latitude measured by satellite positioning module and altitude figures with control module, longitude and latitude and altitude figures are stored and show on display module.
Described satellite positioning module can also be connected with image collection and processing module, stores the view data receiving image collection and processing module with control module and gather, and is sent on display module and shows.
Below each module is described in detail:
Position angle and inclination data acquisition module: described position angle and inclination data acquisition and conditioning circuit comprise Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer and A/D converter, the conditioning of the raw data that Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer gather by A/D converter also sends it to storage and control circuit.
Concrete described Magnetic Sensor is 3 axial magnetic sensors, and described Gravity accelerometer is 3 axle acceleration sensors.Also by 3 axial magnetic sensors and 3 axle Gravity accelerometer Integrated designs, the sensor of three axle magnetometers and triaxial accelerometer can be integrated into.
Laser module: described laser module comprises laser guide module and/or laser demarcation module; Adopting miniature take laser diode as the module design of core, directly can adopt miniature laser bundle module common at present, " word " laser module, possess projection point-like laser, " word " line laser function.Laser guide function can make box compass launch a laser beam consistent with current box compass position angle, measures the determination in orientation during auxiliary measurement of azimuth; Laser demarcation function can make box compass launch a continuous laser line consistent with current box compass angle of inclination (pitch angle and the angle of roll), measures the determination at existing object angle of inclination during auxiliary measurement of dip angle.
Store and control module: comprise the controller and storer that are connected by data bus, to control circui, data processing that whole compass operates, as the processing process of total power switch, display and control, the sensor image data, position angle, inclination angle, displaying contents control, and the storage etc. of the data such as temperature, air pressure, elevation.
Display module: adopt liquid crystal display display module, for show result data as position angle, roll angle, elevation-depression angle, temperature, air pressure altitude figures and Orientation differences mimic diagram, face upward and to bow and (pitch angle refers to the angle in current course and azimuth direction line relative level face to roll mimic diagram etc.; Roll angle refers to the angle of compass plane perpendicular to direction, course and surface level).When needs call image, call image and show on liquid crystal display.
Power module: be responsible for each circuit of system and power.
Barometric leveling module, adopts barometric pressure sensor, coordinates, complete atmospheric pressure, temperature acquisition, and be converted into the function of altitude figures with storage with control module.Concrete described barometric leveling module comprises barometric pressure sensor and process chip, and detected signal is sent to process chip by barometric pressure sensor.
Satellite positioning module: adopt satnav chip, coordinates with control module with storage, completes the acquisition function of observation station longitude and latitude and elevation coordinate data.The one or more combination in GPS locating module, dipper system locating module, GLONASS locating module, Galileo system locating module can be adopted.
Image collection processing module: comprise camera and image-processing circuit, camera is arranged on housing, and image-processing circuit affects process to what gather and sends to storage and control module, completes collection and the storage of picture or image data.
See Fig. 2, digital geological box compass of the present invention, its operating process comprises the steps:
1. selectively plastid characteristic face: select the characteristic face measuring geologic body object, the object measured as level rock, fault surface etc. are required;
2. by straight line frame parallel for the box compass angle of pitch (or roll angle) direction snugly plastid characteristic face, under the state keeping box compass basic horizontal, adjustment box compass attitude, check the numerical value of the angle of pitch (or roll angle) on display screen or the change of mimic diagram, when the angle of pitch (or roll angle) close to or when equaling 0 degree, the modes such as angle of pitch numerical value or mimic diagram carry out glimmering, variable color point out user to be up to the standard state, suspend the pose adjustment of box compass, now box compass records current azimuth value automatically, as the trend of geologic body characteristic face;
3. immediately previous step, when keep the parallel straight line frame in the box compass angle of pitch (or roll angle) direction snugly plastid characteristic face, the straight line frame snugly plastid characteristic face that gyrocompass instrument makes its roll angle (or angle of pitch) direction parallel, suspend and rotate, operation stores the calculating carrying out occurrence with the function button controlled, occurrence algorithm principle is: first box compass selects shell frame plane as reference field, current in three-dimensional attitude according to reference field, i.e. which quadrant of this face in three Cartesian coordinates, judge the tendency direction of this geologic body characteristic face, the trend of the geologic body characteristic face of aforementioned record is added 90 degree or subtract 90 degree, be the propensity value of measured geologic body characteristic face.Meanwhile, the roll angle (or angle of pitch) of the box compass of this attitude is recorded, as the inclination value of measured geologic body characteristic face;
The referral procedure algorithm that tendency calculates is as follows:
Definition Two Variables a, b are for judging the attitude of current box compass
A=(A
y<0)-1:1; (work as A
ywhen being less than 0, a equals-1, otherwise equals 1)
B=(A
z<0)-1:1; (work as A
zwhen being less than 0, b equals-1, otherwise equals 1)
Current tendency is calculated: Obliquity=(Course+a*b*90+360) %360 by moving towards value
Wherein: Ay is the y-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; Az is the z-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; Course is the orientation values of trend;
4. display screen display or preserve and aforesaidly move towards value, propensity value and inclination value, completes the strike-dip survey of geologic body characteristic face.
The foregoing is only one embodiment of the present invention, it not whole or unique embodiment, the conversion of those of ordinary skill in the art by reading instructions of the present invention to any equivalence that technical solution of the present invention is taked, is claim of the present invention and contains.
Claims (9)
1. the measuring method of the geologic body occurrence of a digital geological box compass, this digital geological box compass comprises housing, is provided with the position angle and inclination data acquisition module, laser module, power circuit and display module that are connected with control module with storage respectively in housing;
Described position angle and inclination angle data acquisition module comprise Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer and A/D converter, and the conditioning of the raw data that Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer gather by A/D converter also sends it to storage and control circuit;
Storage and control module read position angle and the position angle measured by inclination data acquisition module and inclination angle and nurse one's health data, treated acquisition position angle, pitch angle and the angle of roll, and are sent to display module display;
Displaying contents mainly comprises the mimic diagram of the roll angle of box compass, the angle of pitch, azimuthal numerical value and/or numerical value; Described pitch angle refers to the direction line at present orientation angle and the angle of surface level, and roll angle refers in compass plane perpendicular to the straight line in direction, course and the angle of surface level;
The housing of box compass is provided with the straight line frame parallel with roll angle, angle of pitch direction; It is characterized in that, based on the measuring method of the geologic body occurrence of this digital geological box compass, comprise following operation:
1) according to geologic body object to be measured, the characteristic face measuring geologic body object is selected;
2) by straight line frame parallel with angle of pitch direction on digital geological box compass snugly plastid characteristic face, under the state keeping digital compass instrument basic horizontal, adjustment digital compass instrument attitude, checks the numerical value of the angle of pitch on display screen or the change of mimic diagram; When the angle of pitch close to or when equaling 0 degree, point out digital box compass to be up to the standard state, suspend the pose adjustment of digital compass instrument, the azimuth value that now digital compass instrument record is current, move towards value as geologic body characteristic face;
3) then when keep the parallel straight line frame in box compass angle of pitch direction snugly plastid characteristic face, with this limit for axle gyrocompass instrument, the straight line frame making its roll angle direction parallel snugly plastid characteristic face time suspend rotate, store and read position angle and the data measured by inclination data acquisition module with control module, carry out the calculating of occurrence: select shell frame plane as reference field, current in three-dimensional attitude according to reference field, judge the tendency direction of this geologic body characteristic face, the value of moving towards of recorded geologic body characteristic face is added 90 degree or subtract 90 degree, obtain the propensity value of measured geologic body characteristic face, meanwhile, record the roll angle of the box compass of this attitude, as the inclination value of measured geologic body characteristic face,
4) obtained is moved towards value, propensity value and inclination value as occurrence three elements by storage and control module, in display screen display, and preserves when needing, completes the strike-dip survey of geologic body characteristic face.
2. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when the angle of pitch close to or when equaling 0 degree, angle of pitch numerical value or mimic diagram carry out glimmering or variable color, prompting user is up to the standard state.
3. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, judge that the tendency direction of this geologic body characteristic face according to current which quadrant in three Cartesian coordinates of reference field judges.
4. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, being calculated as of described propensity value:
By Two Variables a, b for judging the attitude of current box compass:
Work as A
ywhen being less than 0, a equals-1, otherwise equals 1;
Work as A
zwhen being less than 0, b equals-1, otherwise equals 1;
Current tendency is calculated: Obliquity=(Course+a × b × 90+360) %360 by moving towards value;
Wherein: A
yfor the y-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; A
zfor the z-axis component measurement value of acceleration g; Course is the orientation values of trend.
5. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Magnetic Sensor is 3 axial magnetic sensors, and described acceleration transducer is 3 axle acceleration sensors;
Or Magnetic Sensor, acceleration transducer are the integrated sensor of integrated 3 axial magnetic sensors and 3 axle acceleration sensors.
6. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be also provided with in described housing and store the laser module be connected with control module, described laser module comprises laser guide module and/or laser demarcation module;
The center line of the magnetic azimuth direction representated by Magnetic Sensor and the laser beam of laser guide module keeps consistency; The X-axis of the surface level representated by acceleration transducer or Y-axis and laser demarcation module the laser rays of projection to be consistent or parallel.
7. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, stores the laser guide controlling laser module with control circuit, makes laser module launch a branch of and that current box compass position angle is consistent laser beam;
Store and control the laser demarcation of laser module with control circuit, make laser module launch a laser rays consistent with current compass survey angle of inclination.
8. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when being presented at data on display module and needing to preserve, be stored under the control stored with control module, these data are stored to storage and control module.
9. the measuring method of geologic body occurrence as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, stores and comprises with control circuit the controller and storer that are connected by data bus;
Described display module comprises display driver circuit and display screen, and display driver circuit drives display screen under storage with the control of control circuit, and corresponding content is presented at display screen.
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| CN104653133B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-02-08 | 孙雯婧 | Occurrence correction device of non-directional centering geological body in inclined shaft |
| CN103983234B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-02-01 | 重庆大学 | Rock stratum attitude measurement method based on intelligent mobile equipment |
| CN104390628B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-12-07 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | Geologic structure face occurrence determinator |
| CN104406566B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-04-12 | 安徽惠洲地质安全研究院股份有限公司 | Intelligent comprehensive geologic survey instrument for mine and measuring method of intelligent comprehensive geologic survey instrument |
| CN106767671B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-05-24 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Geologic structure face occurrence calculation method based on three-dimensional electronic compass |
| CN106643573A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-10 | 攀枝花学院 | Laser angle measurement circuit |
| CN106931955B (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2020-07-14 | 华北理工大学 | Theodolite compass for geological work |
| CN108444472A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-24 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | A kind of underground coal mine hand-held gyrocompass and its measurement method |
| CN108917729B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-01-29 | 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 | Full-space stereographic projection method |
| CN110426742A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 浙江岩创科技有限公司 | The measurement method of structural plane occurrence |
| CN112212846A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-12 | 王艳萍 | Algorithm for solving structural plane occurrence by geological electronic compass |
| CN112833766B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-08-26 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for directly measuring true thickness of geological profile |
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| US20080052930A1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-06 | John Suckow | Pivotal Laser Light Directional Indicator with Attached Compass |
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