CN106014562A - 具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置 - Google Patents

具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置 Download PDF

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CN106014562A
CN106014562A CN201610518411.9A CN201610518411A CN106014562A CN 106014562 A CN106014562 A CN 106014562A CN 201610518411 A CN201610518411 A CN 201610518411A CN 106014562 A CN106014562 A CN 106014562A
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温洲
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/06Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving exhaust evacuation or circulation, or reducing back-pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2290/00Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes
    • F01N2290/02Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement
    • F01N2290/06Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement driven by auxiliary drive
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/08Two or more expansion chambers in series separated by apertured walls only
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,包括:管体,包括依次连接的扩径段、圆柱段和缩颈段,圆柱段的内部分隔出多个腔室,每层腔室中相邻两个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第一气孔,第一气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第一层腔室的最后一个腔室与第二层腔室的最后一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第二气孔,第二气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第二层腔室的第一个腔室与第三层腔室的第一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第三气孔,第三气孔的孔径为1~2mm,直到多个腔室连通形成蛇形流体路径;圆柱段可旋转地连接至扩径段;三元催化剂;电机,其连接至圆柱段,驱动圆柱段旋转。本发明实现了对汽车尾气的彻底净化。

Description

具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置。
背景技术
汽车尾气中常常会含有不少碳氢化合物、CO、NO等物质。为了控制汽车的尾气环境污染,会采取一些尾气处理手段。然而现有技术的尾气处理,净化效果还存在不足,尾气中仍然会残留含量不低的碳氢化合物、CO、NO等不完全燃烧物质。
发明内容
本发明设计开发了一种可彻底净化尾气的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置。
本发明提供的技术方案为:
一种具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,包括:
管体,其为具有进气口和出气口的中空管体,所述管体包括依次连接的扩径段、圆柱段和缩颈段,所述圆柱段的内部由横向和纵向设置的多个隔板分隔成多个腔室,多个腔室按长方体的形式规则排列,每层腔室中相邻两个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第一气孔,第一气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第一层腔室的最后一个腔室与第二层腔室的最后一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第二气孔,所述第二气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第二层腔室的第一个腔室与第三层腔室的第一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第三气孔,所述第三气孔的孔径为1~2mm,直到多个腔室连通形成一个从上向下延伸的蛇形流体路径,以位于最靠近所述进气口的一侧、且位于最靠上的一个腔室为第一个腔室,所述第一个腔室与所述进气口连通,以位于最靠近所述出气口的一侧、且位于最靠下的一个腔室为最后一个腔室,所述最后一个腔室与所述出气口连通;所述圆柱段可旋转地连接至所述扩径段;
三元催化剂,在每个腔室内填充有陶瓷载体,在陶瓷载体上涂覆有三元催化剂;
电机,其连接至所述圆柱段,驱动所述圆柱段旋转。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,所述第一气孔、所述第二气孔以及所述第三气孔的孔径均不相同。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,每个腔室均呈立方体形,每个腔室的宽度为3~5cm。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,所述第一个腔室的前侧是敞开的,所述最后一个腔室的后侧也是敞开的。
本发明所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置通过在管体内设置多个隔板来分隔出多个腔室,多个腔室连通形成一个从上向下延伸的蛇形流体路径,从汽车排气系统排出的废气经过该蛇形流体路径,并且由于第一气孔、第二气孔和第三气孔的孔径不大,会导致腔室内的气压增加,进而导致废气被更充分地催化净化。本发明中圆柱段与扩径段可旋转地连接,在电机驱动下旋转,从而进一步扰乱汽车废气的气流,促使汽车废气更充分地催化净化。本发明实现了对汽车尾气的彻底净化。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
如图1所示,本发明提供一种具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,包括:管体2,其为具有进气口1和出气口3的中空管体,所述管体包括依次连接的扩径段7、圆柱段8和缩颈段9,所述圆柱段的内部由横向和纵向设置的多个隔板分隔成多个腔室4,多个腔室4按长方体的形式规则排列,每层腔室中相邻两个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第一气孔,第一气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第一层腔室的最后一个腔室与第二层腔室的最后一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第二气孔,所述第二气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第二层腔室的第一个腔室与第三层腔室的第一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第三气孔,所述第三气孔的孔径为1~2mm,直到多个腔室连通形成一个从上向下延伸的蛇形流体路径,以位于最靠近所述进气口的一侧、且位于最靠上的一个腔室为第一个腔室5,所述第一个腔室与所述进气口连通,以位于最靠近所述出气口的一侧、且位于最靠下的一个腔室为最后一个腔室6,所述最后一个腔室与所述出气口连通;;所述圆柱段可旋转地连接至所述扩径段;三元催化剂,在每个腔室内填充有陶瓷载体,在陶瓷载体上涂覆有三元催化剂;电机,其连接至所述圆柱段,驱动所述圆柱段旋转。
汽车废气通过进气口进入至中空管体内,并从第一个腔室开始逐个经过每个腔室,流经一个蛇形流体路径,在流动过程中被逐渐催化净化,最后从出气口排出。本发明有效延长了气流的路径,从而提高了催化净化的程度。另外一个方面,在同一层上相邻两个腔室之间的隔板开设第一气孔,即同一层上相邻两个腔室是通过第一气孔连通的,第一层腔室的最后一个腔室与第二层腔室的最后一个腔室通过第二气孔实现连通,第二层腔室的第一个腔室与第三层腔室的第一个腔室之间通过第三气孔实现连通,这样交错地进行下去,第三层腔室的最后一个腔室与第四层腔室的最后一个腔室通过第二气孔实现连通,第四层腔室的第一个腔室与第五层腔室的第一个腔室之间通过第三气孔实现连通,依次类推,最终将多个腔室连通成一个蛇形流体路径。由于第一气孔、第二气孔以及第三气孔的孔径都只有几毫米,非常小,这就导致汽车废气在流动过程中在每个腔室内的气压会上升,从而促使催化净化更有效率的发生。
本发明中圆柱段可旋转地连接至扩径段,并且在电机的驱动下,圆柱段相对于扩径段旋转,从而使进入至腔室内的汽车废气受到离心力的作用进而产生扰动,以提高催化净化的效率。电机可以通过链条链轮传动机构连接至圆柱段,以实现对圆柱段的驱动。圆柱段与扩径段的可旋转连接可以通过轴承来实现。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,所述第一气孔、所述第二气孔以及所述第三气孔的孔径均不相同。当这三种气孔的孔径不同时,则可能导致一层腔室内的气压大,下一层腔室内的气压小,或者同一层的腔室之间的气压也不同,这有助于增加汽车废气流动的复杂性,促使形成涡流、回流之类的,进而提高催化净化的效率。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,每个腔室均呈立方体形,每个腔室的宽度为3~5cm。经研究,当每个腔室的宽度为3~5cm时,装置整体的效率更高。
优选的是,所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置中,所述第一个腔室的前侧是敞开的,从而使进气口进入的汽车废气大量进入至第一个腔室内;所述最后一个腔室的后侧也是敞开的,从而使经净化的汽车废气可以大量从最后一个腔室排出。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,其特征在于,包括:
管体,其为具有进气口和出气口的中空管体,所述管体包括依次连接的扩径段、圆柱段和缩颈段,所述圆柱段的内部由横向和纵向设置的多个隔板分隔出多个腔室,多个腔室按长方体的形式规则排列,每层腔室中相邻两个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第一气孔,第一气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第一层腔室的最后一个腔室与第二层腔室的最后一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第二气孔,所述第二气孔的孔径为1~2mm,第二层腔室的第一个腔室与第三层腔室的第一个腔室之间的隔板开设有若干第三气孔,所述第三气孔的孔径为1~2mm,直到多个腔室连通形成一个从上向下延伸的蛇形流体路径,以位于最靠近所述进气口的一侧、且位于最靠上的一个腔室为第一个腔室,所述第一个腔室与所述进气口连通,以位于最靠近所述出气口的一侧、且位于最靠下的一个腔室为最后一个腔室,所述最后一个腔室与所述出气口连通;所述圆柱段可旋转地连接至所述扩径段;
三元催化剂,在每个腔室内填充有陶瓷载体,在陶瓷载体上涂覆有三元催化剂;
电机,其连接至所述圆柱段,驱动所述圆柱段旋转。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述第一气孔、所述第二气孔以及所述第三气孔的孔径均不相同。
3.如权利要求1所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,其特征在于,每个腔室均呈立方体形,每个腔室的宽度为3~5cm。
4.如权利要求1所述的具有多腔室的汽车尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述第一个腔室的前侧是敞开的,所述最后一个腔室的后侧也是敞开的。
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