CN106013052B - The construction method of steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking - Google Patents
The construction method of steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking Download PDFInfo
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- CN106013052B CN106013052B CN201610343157.3A CN201610343157A CN106013052B CN 106013052 B CN106013052 B CN 106013052B CN 201610343157 A CN201610343157 A CN 201610343157A CN 106013052 B CN106013052 B CN 106013052B
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- wall
- steel sheet
- open caisson
- pile
- exterior wall
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
Abstract
This application discloses steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, the agent structure of the underground parking garage includes exterior wall and exterior wall supporting construction, and exterior wall is made up of the top exterior wall and bottom exterior wall being vertically connected with；Top exterior wall is the steel sheet-pile wall being interconnected to form by steel sheet pile, and bottom exterior wall is the supporting construction of the reinforced concrete shaft lining of open caisson, exterior wall supporting construction while the landing as underground parking garage.The exterior wall of the underground parking garage employs the composite exterior wall being made up of the borehole wall of steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson, combines the advantage of the two.Disclosed herein as well is the construction method of above-mentioned underground parking garage, the construction method forms steel sheet-pile wall using sinking steel sheet pile first, then open caisson is poured in steel sheet-pile wall, and is sunk, the construction method successfully reduces the construction cost and construction-time of underground parking garage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground structure building field, and in particular to steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking and its construction
Method.
Background technology
With expanding economy, urban land is increasingly in short supply, and intensive and saving use utilizes soil, scientifically and rationally develops city
City's underground space, new survival and development space is opened up, just turn into inevitable choice, exploitation has progressively been risen in domestic many cities
Utilize the upsurge of the underground space.The underground space is developed, is had and is alleviated congested in traffic, reduction urban atmospheric pollution, improves city
City's ecological environment, the effect for facilitating city people's lives.The problem of big and medium-sized cities traffic hardly possible, finding great trouble in getting to one's destination on foot, parking difficulty, is more universal
And getting worse.Urban Underground parking lot can effectively alleviate the problem of city parking difficulty, but the subterranean depth that needs utilize is more next
Deeper, foundation depth, which generally requires, reaches 15m~30m, or even deeper.It is general using ground to ensure the resistance to overturning of foundation ditch
Lower diaphragm wall or major diameter campshed, support engineering cost are constantly soaring.
In Extra-Deep Foundation Pit, conventional method be cast-in-place concrete pile with multiple tracks support combinations or diaphram wall with
More support combinations, these combinations have the advantages that intensity is high, shape is easy to control, reliable in quality, big in Deep Foundation Pit Supporting Engineering
Amount application.But its shortcoming is equally obvious：Engineering time is long, maintenance is slow, costly, if construction project is to construction period and cost
It is required that strict, then contradiction can not be coordinated.
Open caisson is a kind of construction technology for building deep foundation and underground structure.During open caisson construction first in ground or foundation ditch
Make opening armored concrete well bore, after it reaches prescribed strength, well bore interior laminate layer cut the earth transport, with cut the earth and
The reduction in native face, open caisson well bore overcome the frictional resistance and cutting shoe counter-force between native wall by its deadweight or under other measures assistance,
Constantly sink, until designed elevation is in place, finally carry out back cover.The construction technology of open caisson has benefited from China's infrastructure energetically
Put into and achieve significant progress, well foundation is widely used in pier footing, the pump house of urban water supply and sewerage equipment, underground factory
The fields such as room, steel double-walled casing, coal mine shaft, metro shield starting well, existing sink well technique can realize 200m depth,
Area can reach 3500m2, such as Jiangyin Yangtse River suspension bridge north grappling open caisson, construction method also sinks and transportation by driving from traditional island of building
In place develop into suspends making sinking, such as pier in No. two Nanchang August I Bridge old bridge reinforcewent, Liuzhou bridge water in midair using original structure
Etc. engineering, wide engineering practice field is that Sinking Well Design and construction all have accumulated rich experience.
The construction method of open caisson is more traditional, is typically required to poured in place concrete open caisson side wall, sink open caisson every time
It is required to wait the section open caisson to reach design strength, extends the construction period of open caisson.During well sinking
Outside non-support structure, larger to surrounding constructure influence, particularly open caisson sinking of fetching earth is a kind of Unloading Effect, open caisson hole bottom
With protuberance trend, need to take into full account influence of the open caisson construction to surrounding environment when surrounding environment is complex.
The patent of invention of Application No. 200910194279.0, disclose a kind of open caisson with secondary support device.It is heavy
Well vertically inserts steel sheet pile on the inside of the borehole wall, is internally formed secondary supporting in open caisson, the invention mainly utilizes in sinking watching
Steel sheet pile, prevent from gushing native phenomenon in open caisson.Because steel sheet pile is nearer apart from open caisson wall, during piling, Robot actions are extremely difficult,
As open caisson cuts the earth, it is necessary to which the well inner plane of piling certainly will be increasingly deeper, pile driving equipment will be unable to be driven piles on ground
Operation.
Because underground structure is complicated and changeable, to adapt to different geologic structures, different construction methods is produced, to adapt to
Different situations, generally speaking, the construction of underground structure, especially in the fabrication of the deeper underground garage class of foundation ditch such as
What reasonable employment open caisson, to reduce operating expenses, efficiency of construction is improved, still there is larger room for promotion.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the application, which first consists in, provides steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, the master of the underground parking garage
Body structure includes exterior wall and exterior wall supporting construction, and exterior wall is made up of the top exterior wall and bottom exterior wall being vertically connected with；Top exterior wall
For the steel sheet-pile wall being interconnected to form by steel sheet pile, bottom exterior wall is the reinforced concrete shaft lining of open caisson, exterior wall supporting construction
While the supporting construction of the landing as underground parking garage.
Further, connected between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson using reinforced concrete structure.
The exterior wall of the underground parking garage employs composite construction, the top exterior wall and open caisson specifically formed by steel sheet-pile wall
The bottom exterior wall that is formed of the borehole wall form, steel sheet-pile wall is easy to construct, and water resistance is good, can resist the pressure of the shallow-layer soil body,
And the borehole wall of open caisson is employed in deep soil as exterior wall, using the architectural characteristic of open caisson itself, without building supporting again
Structure, in work progress, steel sheet-pile wall is the exterior wall as underground parking garage, again the guiding wall as well sinking.Compare
Compared with prior art, the composite exterior wall structure of the underground parking garage, it is not only able to reduce the expenditure of construction in garage, can also effectively carries
High efficiency of construction.
Because open caisson can resist larger pressure, it is located at the lower end of steel sheet-pile wall, while constraint is played to steel sheet-pile wall
And fixation, the lower end of preventing portion steel splitting sheet pile are bent under the extruding of external pressure to the internal direction of underground parking garage,
Steel sheet-pile wall is failed, and then threaten the safety of underground parking garage.The profile of underground parking garage can be rectangle, circle or circle
Arc, also it is practically applicable to the underground parking garage of more shaft structures certainly.
Secondly the application also provides the construction method of a kind of above-mentioned steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, the construction
Method specifically includes following steps：
(1), the peripheral sinking steel sheet pile at design well sinking, steel sheet pile are linked in sequence to form steel sheet-pile wall, steel plate
Piling wall forms top exterior wall；
In the application, because steel sheet-pile wall is underground permanent structure, steel sheet pile is before sinking, to ensure the anti-corruption of steel sheet pile
Erosion ability, make preservative treatment according to the requirement of permanent underground structure, preservative used in preservative treatment can use currently used
The corrosion resistant coatings such as coaltar epoxy paint, zinc silicate epoxy primer, more amine cured epoxy resin class paints；
Before steel sheet pile sinking, hermetic seal material hermetic seal material is smeared in the fore shaft of steel sheet pile in existing skill
It is also highly developed in art, compression-type sealant and the major class of filled-type sealant two are broadly divided at present, can be wanted according to specific
Ask and selected, repeated no more；
(2) excavation of foundation pit, is carried out in the region of steel sheet-pile wall institute corral, until after the construction elevation of first of purlin,
Excavation of foundation pit is temporarily ceased, first of purlin and corresponding first of horizontal support are installed；
(3), continue excavation of foundation pit, to the construction depth met as the open caisson of bottom exterior wall, temporarily cease foundation ditch and open
Dig, open caisson is built in foundation ditch, the wherein borehole wall of open caisson uses reinforced concrete structure；
(4), after the structural strength of the borehole wall reaches design load, excavate the earthwork in the borehole wall, continue excavation of foundation pit, under it is heavy
Well, after well sinking is to the construction depth for meeting second purlin, temporarily cease the excavation of the earthwork, install second purlin and
Corresponding second horizontal support；
(5), continue to excavate the earthwork in the borehole wall, sinking open caisson, when well sinking is deep to the construction for meeting the 3rd purlin
After degree, the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased, the 3rd purlin and corresponding 3rd horizontal support are installed；
(6), according to the method for step (5), continue to excavate the earthwork, sinking open caisson and installation purlin and corresponding horizontal branch
Support, up to well sinking to projected depth；
(7) gap between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall, is blocked；
(8), back cover, pouring reinforcement concrete open caisson bottom plate；
Above-mentioned each road purlin and horizontal support belong to exterior wall supporting construction.
In the construction method of invention, the sinking of steel sheet pile is completed first, steel sheet-pile wall is formed, in steel sheet-pile wall institute corral
Region in carry out excavation of foundation pit, and complete the installation of first of purlin and corresponding first of horizontal support first, work as foundation ditch
Excavate after meeting the construction depth of open caisson, open caisson is built in foundation ditch, because steel sheet-pile wall can play a part of supporting,
During excavation of foundation pit, no longer need to set other support systems again, operating expenses can be effectively reduced.
In the prior art, the borehole wall of open caisson is either cast-in-place or prefabricated, is required in ground erecting scaffold, with side
Just workmen is passed in and out in open caisson, while also needs to be placed in the borehole wall after excavating machinery is carried out into high-altitude lifting, to carry out soil
Body excavates, and during excavating machinery is lifted up into the borehole wall, there is certain danger.When well sinking precision is higher
When, it is also necessary to well sinking guiding facility is built on ground, is corrected with the inclination that the borehole wall occurs in time, whole open caisson
Sinking watching, being one has more highly difficult process.
Because the construction of whole open caisson is entirely in foundation ditch, it is necessary to set up double-pole scaffold when avoiding ground construction
It is cumbersome, it is only necessary to the construction of open caisson can be carried out by setting up row's scaffold in the borehole wall, reduce difficulty of construction and expense.Digging
When in pick machinery disengaging foundation ditch, without excavating machinery is carried out into high-altitude lifting, it is only necessary to which excavating machinery is hung into ground to enter
Into foundation ditch, the reduction of sling height, the danger coefficient of lifting operation is reduced.
In the present invention, the construction of open caisson is carried out in foundation ditch, and the top end face of caisson wall is less than first purlin
Lower surface, especially in foundation ditch in the mining process of the shallow-layer soil body, excavator can be excavated directly on ground, and need not be entered
Enter into foundation ditch operation, improve efficiency of construction.Conventionally, as the upper surface of caisson wall exceedes ground, in well
Fetch earth difficulty in wall, even if carrying out the excavation of the shallow-layer soil body in foundation ditch, excavator is also required to enter foundation ditch progress operation, or adopts
Manually enter foundation ditch and carry out operation, efficiency can not effectively improve.
In the present invention, the outside in advance sunk to steel sheet pile at open caisson, steel sheet pile is made to form steel sheet-pile wall, steel sheet pile
Wall plays dual parts of protecting open caisson and guides well sinking simultaneously.
Due to the guiding function of steel sheet-pile wall, open caisson can be with vertical subsidence, the probability of run-off the straight during sinking
Substantially reduce, even if run-off the straight, under the limitation of steel sheet-pile wall, be also only capable of that slight inclination occurs, can find and entangle in time
Just.Steel sheet-pile wall also has protective effect to open caisson, and steel sheet-pile wall makes open caisson avoid being extruded by the foundation pit walls soil body, can avoided
Because the soil body of foundation ditch perisporium damages when caving in open caisson, the borehole wall poured is especially just completed.Under open caisson
In heavy process, also due to the protective effect of steel sheet-pile wall, the soil body of foundation ditch perisporium will not collapse, and ensure that open caisson
Smoothly sink, while ensure that the safety of workmen, ensure that being carried out continuously for construction, improve the efficiency of construction, efficiency
Raising, also reduce the expense entirely constructed.
Due to no longer needing the guiding facility of well sinking, the complexity of open caisson construction is significantly reduced, is also dropped simultaneously
The low difficulty of open caisson construction process.
After open caisson is completed, the gap between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson is blocked, ensures that underground is stopped
The water resistance in garage.
During well sinking, synchronous purlin and horizontal support installation by exterior wall supporting construction, to ensure
The stability of steel sheet-pile wall, exterior wall supporting construction are also simultaneously the supporting construction of the landing of underground parking garage, therefore work as base
After the completion of hole is excavated, the supporting construction of the landing of underground parking garage is also completed simultaneously, is not needing to remove exterior wall support machine
Structure, reconstructs the supporting construction of landing, disposably completes the exterior wall supporting construction of underground parking garage agent structure
With the supporting construction of landing, the material cost in garage parking has not only been saved, has also improved the efficiency of construction in garage parking, has been saved
Engineering time.
In the present invention, the intensity height of steel sheet pile given full play to, be tightly combined, antileaking, easy construction, speed
It hurry up, the advantage of pit earthwork excavation amount can be reduced, especially in the higher region construction of soft foundation and level of ground water, can have
The probability that cut-out underground water in effect ground enters inside underground installation.And the lower walls using the borehole wall of open caisson as agent structure exterior wall
Body, it is convenient to back cover and the bottom plate for agent structure of casting, the combination of back cover and the borehole wall in the borehole wall are carried out to agent structure
It is more close, when being especially provided for pouring the groove of bottom plate in the inside of caisson wall, the bottom plate and the borehole wall of agent structure
An entirety is readily incorporated into, ensures the water resistance of agent structure.The comprehensive utilization of steel sheet-pile wall and caisson structure, is carried
The high overall performance of the agent structure of underground parking garage, reduces the cost of engineering, improves efficiency of construction.
Further, in the sinking watching of open caisson, auxiliary sinking is carried out using jack, jack is arranged on the well of open caisson
Between the top end face of wall and adjacent purlin；It is preferred that it is uniformly arranged between the top end face of the borehole wall of open caisson and adjacent purlin more
Individual jack.
In the prior art, to aid in well sinking, anchoring pile usually is set in the soil body on the outside of open caisson, when the borehole wall goes out
When now sinking difficult, downward pressure can be applied to the borehole wall using anchoring pile, to improve the power of wall submersion.Adopt in this application
The auxiliary equipment of wall submersion is used as by the use of jack；It is resisted against purlin as fixing end, jack in purlin, it is very heavy when starting
During top, you can apply pressure to the borehole wall, auxiliary open caisson is sunk.When being provided with jack all the time during wall submersion
When, especially after the top end face of the borehole wall is evenly arranged several jack, moreover it is possible to reduce the borehole wall to greatest extent in sinking watching
The probability of middle run-off the straight；During well sinking, due to the difference of underground soil property, it is local that open caisson inevitably occurs
The situation for difficulty of sinking, after several jack are evenly arranged in the top end face of the borehole wall, in the sinking watching of open caisson, the borehole wall
Upper surface is constantly subjected to uniform pressure, it is ensured that the uniform sinking of open caisson.
Above-mentioned jack also has the function of being rectified a deviation to open caisson, can when open caisson run-off the straight in sinking watching
Jack is arranged in temporarily between the top end face of the borehole wall and the lower surface of adjacent purlin, entangled using jack pair open caisson
Partially.
Further, also sink to having interim column, in work progress, horizontal support in the region of steel sheet-pile wall institute corral
It is temporarily fixed on interim column, after well sinking to projected depth, removes interim column, mounting structure column, by level
It is supported and fixed in structural upright.
When the excavation scope of foundation ditch is bigger, single horizontal support can not meet supporting requirement, it is necessary to increase column,
To meet the intensity needs of supporting, before excavation of foundation pit, the supporting construction that can combine landing sets column；But these are vertical
Post causes certain interference to the excavation of foundation ditch sometimes, reduces a rate of advance of foundation ditch；Now, according to specific supporting intensity
Requirement, a number of interim column can be set in position, and horizontal support is fixed on into these interim columns
On, to meet the intensity requirement of supporting, ensure the security in Excavation Process, and the stability of foundation ditch.
Complete the excavation of foundation ditch, and by well sinking in place after, then interim column removed, mounting structure column, this
A little structural uprights are arranged according to design, and are connected with each other with horizontal support, form exterior wall supporting construction.
Further, after well sinking to projected depth, seal plate is welded in the inner side of steel sheet-pile wall, seal plate is along steel plate
The inner peripheral surface of piling wall is circular layout, and in endless, then the casting concrete between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson, makes sealing
Plate is extend into the above-mentioned concrete being cast between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson；Seal plate is made using steel plate.
Gap between steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson can be blocked using concrete, but individually concrete closure, no
Body of groundwater can be completely cut off well to enter in underground parking garage, with the passage of time, concrete can produce a certain amount of contraction,
Make to produce gap between concrete and steel sheet-pile wall, outside body of water can be entered in underground parking garage along the gap, influence underground
The normal use in garage parking, after well sinking is to projected depth, in the inner side of steel sheet-pile wall, welding is stopped using what steel plate made
Water plate, and seal plate is circular layout along the inner peripheral surface of steel sheet-pile wall, in endless, then in steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson
Between casting concrete, seal plate is extend into the above-mentioned concrete being cast between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson；By
In having installed seal plate additional, make to reach slitless connection between steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson, ensure that the water resistance of exterior wall.
Further, the upper end of the borehole wall of open caisson is reserved with splice, after well sinking is to projected depth, by reinforcing bar
Weld is on steel sheet pile, then casting concrete.In the upper end reserved steel bar joint of the borehole wall, it is convenient to by open caisson with
Steel sheet pile is attached, and makes the combination of open caisson and steel sheet-pile wall even closer.Compare only with concrete to the borehole wall and steel sheet pile
Gap between wall is irrigated, or by the way of being extended after the reinforcing bar in the borehole wall is dug out, reserved steel bar joint is equal
It is than more efficient and safe way.
Further, before well sinking, pour bottom plate frame in the bottom of the borehole wall and set a roof beam in place, and horizontal beam is installed in the borehole wall,
The horizontal beam is fixed on the borehole wall；Horizontal support of the horizontal beam as exterior wall supporting construction.The bottom plate frame of open caisson is poured in advance
Set a roof beam in place, the structural strength of open caisson can be improved, strengthen the anti-pressure ability of open caisson., can when the indoor design of the borehole wall has horizontal beam
The installation of horizontal beam is completed simultaneously, and horizontal beam supports at the same time as the inside of open caisson, for strengthening the bulk strength of open caisson.
Further, before well sinking, pour bottom plate frame in the bottom of the borehole wall and set a roof beam in place, and in the borehole wall install horizontal beam and
Open caisson column, horizontal beam are fixed on the borehole wall, and the bottom of open caisson column is cast in bottom plate frame sets a roof beam in place；In steel sheet-pile wall institute
Also sink to having interim column in the region of corral, in work progress, horizontal support is temporarily fixed on interim column, in open caisson
After sinking to projected depth, interim column is removed, mounting structure column, horizontal support is fixed in structural upright；Structure is stood
Post is connected with open caisson column；The horizontal beam belongs to exterior wall supporting construction.
When borehole wall indoor design has horizontal beam, and need to set column in maintenance level support and horizontal beam, to reduce
Influence of the column to construction, a number of interim column can be set, and horizontal support is temporarily fixed on interim column, when
After the sinking for completing the excavation and open caisson of foundation ditch, interim column, then mounting structure column are removed, makes structural upright and horizontal support
It is connected.But because open caisson not yet is completed, it is impossible to fixed with interim column, can only according to design and installation open caisson column, and
After open caisson is completed, open caisson column is connected with structural upright, forms complete exterior wall supporting construction.
Above-mentioned open caisson column and the column that structural upright is in exterior wall supporting construction, set different titles, are only side
Just describe, to distinguish part of the column in different zones, open caisson column after open caisson is completed, mutually interconnects with structural upright
Connect, the column formed in exterior wall supporting construction.
Further, after the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased every time, steel plate for sealing water is welded in the seam crossing of adjacent steel sheet pile.Increase
If steel plate for sealing water, it is ensured that the water resistance of steel sheet-pile wall, avoid blow-by of the steel sheet-pile wall due to part, and cause outside
Water body is entered in underground parking garage, influences the normal operation of underground parking garage.And at present using steel plate for sealing water to steel sheet pile
The technology that wall carries out sealing is also very ripe, can ensure the water resistance of steel sheet-pile wall.
Specifically, the purlin and horizontal support use section steel manufacture.Speed of application can be improved using section steel manufacture purlin,
Purlin and horizontal support volume are reduced, improves the utilization rate of the underground space, and at present, using section steel manufacture purlin and horizontal branch
The technology of support is also highly developed, and specific shaped steel can use a variety of shaped steel such as I-steel, channel-section steel, T-steel, repeat no more.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sunk when being constructed using the present invention, to complete steel sheet pile, and the schematic diagram formed after steel sheet-pile wall.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram after first of purlin of installation and first of horizontal support on the basis of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is on the basis of Fig. 2, completes the schematic diagram after open caisson construction.
Fig. 4 is on the basis of Fig. 3, by well sinking, and completes showing after second purlin and second horizontal support
It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is on the basis of Fig. 4, and open caisson is continued to sink, and after the 3rd purlin of completion and the 3rd horizontal support
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is on the basis of Fig. 5, completes the schematic diagram after well sinking.
Fig. 7 is by the schematic diagram after the gap plugging between the borehole wall and steel sheet-pile wall of open caisson.
Fig. 8 is Fig. 3 top view.
Fig. 9 be Fig. 8 in A-A to sectional view.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that the borehole wall of open caisson is connected with horizontal beam.
Figure 11 is the enlarged drawing of part B in Fig. 7.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that steel sheet-pile wall is welded with steel plate for sealing water.
Figure 13 is the construction method with open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, the Main Underground built using steel sheet pile of the present invention
Body structure is the schematic diagram of circular underground parking garage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific underground parking garage, the invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the ground to be built of the present embodiment
Lower garage parking cross section is rectangle, and the agent structure of this underground parking garage includes exterior wall and exterior wall supporting construction, wherein exterior wall by
The top exterior wall and bottom exterior wall being vertically connected with are formed；Top exterior wall is the steel sheet-pile wall 1 being interconnected to form by steel sheet pile, under
Portion's exterior wall is the branch of the reinforced concrete shaft lining 30 of open caisson 3, exterior wall supporting construction while the landing as underground parking garage
Support structure；Connected between steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson using reinforced concrete structure.In the present embodiment, steel sheet-pile wall is with sinking
Connected between well using armored concrete, it will be understood that only can also be connected steel sheet-pile wall with open caisson with concrete
Come；Or only connected steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson with steel plate, steel plate can be welded on the reinforcing bar in open caisson, and to steel plate
Make preservative treatment.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the clear depth inside underground parking garage is 17 meters, the submergence depth of its Steel Sheet Pile
For 15 meters, the submergence depth of open caisson is 18.7 meters, and steel sheet pile selects 15 meters long 400 × 170 of U-shaped steel sheet pile, and purlin uses
700 × 300H section steel manufactures.
Above-mentioned steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, are specifically built in the following way：
Mark 200 is used to represent ground in accompanying drawing.
(1), referring to Fig. 1, designing the peripheral sinking steel sheet pile at well sinking, steel sheet pile is linked in sequence to form steel plate
Piling wall 1, steel sheet-pile wall form top exterior wall.
Before steel sheet pile sinking, first with the outer surface of coaltar epoxy paint brushing steel sheet pile, then smear and use in fore shaft
The hermetic seal material that pitch and dry sawdust mix.
The preservative species on steel sheet pile surface illustrates in the content of the invention, repeats no more.
Be presently used for block steel sheet pile fore shaft at gap hermetic seal material, be broadly divided into compression-type sealant and
The major class of filled-type sealant two, this is also highly developed in the prior art；But conventional hermetic seal material still individually makes
With butter or pitch, used after either mixing butter and pitch or a certain proportion of dry saw is added in butter or pitch
End or dry clay, dry sawdust and dry clay can also be added to by a certain percentage to be made sealing in the mixture of butter and pitch and stops
Water material.
(2), referring to Fig. 2, carrying out excavation of foundation pit in the region of 1 corral of steel sheet-pile wall, until first purlin
After construction elevation, excavation of foundation pit is temporarily ceased, first of purlin 71 and corresponding first of horizontal support 81 are installed；Sink simultaneously
Interim column 5, first of horizontal support 81 is fixed on interim column 5.
(3), referring to Fig. 3, continuing excavation of foundation pit, to the construction depth met as the open caisson 3 of bottom exterior wall, temporarily
Stop excavation of foundation pit, bed course is laid in foundation ditch, poppet 36 is set, the borehole wall 30 of open caisson 3 is poured on poppet 36.
In the present embodiment, cutting shoe 38 is provided with the lower end of the borehole wall 30, while is provided with outside in the bottom of the borehole wall 30
Wall stand rank 35, clear distance meets the needs of supporting module between outer wall step 35 and steel sheet-pile wall 1；In the inner side of the lower end of the borehole wall 30
Groove 37 is additionally provided with, bottom plate frame has been poured in groove 37 and has set a roof beam in place 32, installation open caisson column 33 and horizontal beam in the borehole wall 30
34, open caisson column 33 and horizontal beam 34 are crossed-over, and the lower end of open caisson column 33 is embedded in bottom plate frame and set a roof beam in place in 32.
(4), referring to Fig. 4, after the structural strength of the borehole wall 30 reaches design load, poppet 36 is removed, is excavated in the borehole wall 30
Cubic metre of earth, continue excavation of foundation pit, sinking open caisson 3, after open caisson 3 sinks to the construction depth for meeting second purlin, temporarily cease
The excavation of the earthwork, installation second purlin 72 and corresponding second horizontal support 82；Second horizontal support 82, which is fixed on, to be faced
On Shi Lizhu 5.
(5), referring to Fig. 5, continuing to excavate the earthwork in the borehole wall 30, sinking open caisson, when well sinking to satisfaction the 3rd
After the construction depth of purlin, the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased, the 3rd purlin 73 and corresponding 3rd horizontal support 83 are installed.
(6), referring to Fig. 6, according to step (5) method, continue to excavate the earthwork, sinking open caisson and installation purlin and corresponding
Horizontal support, until well sinking is to projected depth.
(7), referring to Fig. 7, blocking the gap between steel sheet-pile wall 1 and the borehole wall 30.
In the present embodiment, please refer to Figure 11, splice 301 is reserved with the upper end of the borehole wall 30, is being blocked
During gap between steel sheet-pile wall 1 and the borehole wall 30, splice 301 is welded on steel sheet pile first, then with microlith coagulation
Soil is poured, and the gap between steel sheet-pile wall 1 and the borehole wall 30 is fully sealed.
(8), please continue to refer to Fig. 7, interim column 5 is pulled out, erecting structure column 91, each horizontal support is fixed on structure
On column 91, and structural upright 91 and open caisson column 33 are connected, then carry out back cover, pouring reinforcement concrete open caisson bottom
Plate 39, reinforced concrete open caisson bottom plate 39 set a roof beam in place bottom plate frame beam based on 32.
Above-mentioned each road purlin, horizontal support, horizontal beam 34, open caisson column 33 and structural upright collectively form exterior wall support knot
Structure.
In the present embodiment, the sinking of open caisson is aided in using jack, please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9,
16 jack 6 are evenly arranged on the top end face of the borehole wall 30 of open caisson, the upper end of jack 6 withstands on adjacent with the borehole wall enclose
The lower surface of purlin, in the sinking watching of open caisson 3, all jack 6 are controlled to work asynchronously, with ensureing the stable and uniform of open caisson 3
Sink, can avoid to greatest extent in sinking watching, the borehole wall caused by a variety of causes tilts, and improves the effect of construction
Rate.
Setting that can certainly be only in borehole wall top end face is single or several jack, and ratio is run into during well sinking
Relatively it is difficult to use when region or the borehole wall generation slight inclination sunk.
The effect of jack is in order that the sinking of open caisson is more steady, it will be understood that in work progress, jack is
It can cancel, it is especially preferable in soil structure, and soil structure after cancelling jack, was being constructed than more uniform area
Cheng Zhong, it should be noted that stationarity of the open caisson in sinking watching, correct the inclination of open caisson in time.
Figure 12 is referred to, in order to ensure the water resistance of agent structure, after the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased every time, in phase
The seam crossing welding steel plate for sealing water 12 of adjacent steel sheet pile, will also carry out preservative treatment, specially using epoxy bottom to steel plate for sealing water 12
Paint is brushed.
Please continue to refer to Figure 11, in the present embodiment, after well sinking to projected depth, in the inner side of steel sheet-pile wall 1
Weld seal plate 302, inner peripheral surface of the seal plate 302 along steel sheet-pile wall 1 be circular layout, in endless, then steel sheet-pile wall 1 with
Casting concrete between the borehole wall 30 of open caisson, seal plate 302 is set to extend into the above-mentioned borehole wall for being cast in steel sheet-pile wall 1 and open caisson
In concrete between 30；Seal plate 302 is made using steel plate.
Seal plate 302 is located at close to the region of the upper surface of the borehole wall 30, and from the direction of the inwall phase borehole wall 30 of steel sheet-pile wall 1
Extension, makes seal plate 302 roughly annular.
Due to the insertion of seal plate 302, it is cut off the part reinforcing bar 301 that the borehole wall contacts with steel sheet pile, these are cut off
Reinforcing bar can be welded on sealing；Or punched on seal plate, these reinforcing bars is connected by this some holes, keep steel
The continuity of muscle, to ensure the intensity of concrete.
Horizontal support is made using I-steel in the present embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 10, in the present embodiment, concealed beam 101 is additionally provided with the borehole wall 30, the inner side of concealed beam 101 is provided with
Pre-embedded steel slab 102.Horizontal beam 34 is welded on pre-embedded steel slab 102.The main function of concealed beam is the intensity for strengthening the borehole wall, reduces well
The thickness of wall, it will be understood that concealed beam can be cancelled, it is necessary to correspondingly increase the thickness of the borehole wall after cancellation concealed beam；Certainly, cancel
After concealed beam, what pre-embedded steel slab still can be configured, simply need to extend the grasp of pre-embedded steel slab, to ensure pre-embedded steel slab
The fastness being connected with the borehole wall.
Embodiment 2
A kind of steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, refer to Figure 13, the underground to be built of the present embodiment is stopped
Garage cross section is circle, and the agent structure of this underground parking garage includes exterior wall and exterior wall supporting construction, and wherein exterior wall is by upper and lower
The top exterior wall and bottom exterior wall of connection are formed；Top exterior wall is the steel sheet-pile wall 61 that is interconnected to form by steel sheet pile, bottom
Exterior wall is the support knot of the reinforced concrete shaft lining 62 of open caisson, exterior wall supporting construction while the landing as underground parking garage
Structure；Connected between steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson using reinforced concrete structure.In the present embodiment, steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson it
Between connected using armored concrete, it will be understood that only steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson can also be connected with concrete；Or
Person is only connected steel sheet-pile wall and open caisson with steel plate, and steel plate can be welded on the reinforcing bar in open caisson, and steel plate is prevented
Corruption processing.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the clear depth inside underground parking garage is 22 meters, the submergence depth of its Steel Sheet Pile
For 20 meters, the submergence depth of open caisson is 24 meters, and steel sheet pile selects 20 meters long 400 × 170 of U-shaped steel sheet pile, and purlin uses
700 × 300H section steel manufactures.
Construction procedure in the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its difference is, in the present embodiment, does not use
Jack pair open caisson carries out auxiliary sinking.And it is not provided with interim column.
Claims (8)
1. the construction method of steel sheet pile and open caisson Combined type underground garage parking, it is characterised in that the steel sheet pile combines with open caisson
The agent structure of formula underground parking garage includes exterior wall and exterior wall supporting construction, the exterior wall by the top exterior wall that is vertically connected with and under
Portion's exterior wall is formed；Top exterior wall is the steel sheet-pile wall being interconnected to form by steel sheet pile, and bottom exterior wall is the reinforced concrete of open caisson
The supporting construction of the native borehole wall, exterior wall supporting construction while the landing as underground parking garage；
Described construction method comprises the following steps,
(1), the peripheral sinking steel sheet pile at design well sinking, steel sheet pile are linked in sequence to form steel sheet-pile wall, steel sheet-pile wall
Form top exterior wall；
(2) excavation of foundation pit, is carried out in the region of steel sheet-pile wall institute corral, until after the construction elevation of first of purlin, temporarily
Stop excavation of foundation pit, first of purlin and corresponding first of horizontal support are installed；
(3), continue excavation of foundation pit, to the construction depth met as the open caisson of bottom exterior wall, temporarily cease excavation of foundation pit,
Open caisson is built in foundation ditch, the wherein borehole wall of open caisson uses reinforced concrete structure；
(4), after the structural strength of the borehole wall reaches design load, excavate the earthwork in the borehole wall, continue excavation of foundation pit, sinking open caisson,
After well sinking is to the construction depth for meeting second purlin, the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased, second purlin and phase are installed
The second horizontal support answered；
(5), continue to excavate the earthwork in the borehole wall, sinking open caisson, after well sinking is to the construction depth for meeting the 3rd purlin,
The excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased, the 3rd purlin and corresponding 3rd horizontal support are installed；
(6), according to the method for step (5), continue to excavate the earthwork, sinking open caisson and installation purlin and corresponding horizontal support, directly
To well sinking to projected depth；
(7) gap between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall, is blocked；
(8), back cover, pouring reinforcement concrete open caisson bottom plate；
Above-mentioned each road purlin and horizontal support belong to exterior wall supporting construction.
2. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the sinking watching of open caisson, using very heavy jacking
Row auxiliary is sunk, and jack is arranged between the top end face of the borehole wall of open caisson and adjacent purlin.
3. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also sink to having in the region of steel sheet-pile wall institute corral
Interim column, in work progress, horizontal support is temporarily fixed on interim column, after well sinking to projected depth, is torn open
Except interim column, mounting structure column, horizontal support is fixed in structural upright.
4. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after well sinking to projected depth, in steel sheet pile
The inner side welding seal plate of wall, seal plate is circular layout along the inner peripheral surface of steel sheet-pile wall, in endless, then steel sheet-pile wall with
Casting concrete between the borehole wall of open caisson, make seal plate extend into it is above-mentioned be cast in it is mixed between steel sheet-pile wall and the borehole wall of open caisson
In solidifying soil；Seal plate is made using steel plate.
5. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end of the borehole wall of open caisson is reserved with reinforcing bar and connect
Head, after well sinking is to projected depth, splice is welded on steel sheet pile, then casting concrete.
6. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before well sinking, bottom is poured in the bottom of the borehole wall
Sheet frame is set a roof beam in place, and horizontal beam is installed in the borehole wall, and the horizontal beam is fixed on the borehole wall；The horizontal beam is as exterior wall supporting construction
Horizontal support.
7. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before well sinking, bottom is poured in the bottom of the borehole wall
Sheet frame is set a roof beam in place, and installation horizontal beam and open caisson column, horizontal beam are fixed on the borehole wall in the borehole wall, the bottom quilt of open caisson column
It is cast in bottom plate frame sets a roof beam in place；
Also sink to having interim column in the region of steel sheet-pile wall institute corral, in work progress, horizontal support is temporarily fixed at
On interim column, after well sinking to projected depth, interim column is removed, mounting structure column, horizontal support is fixed on
In structural upright；
Structural upright is connected with open caisson column；
The horizontal beam belongs to exterior wall supporting construction.
8. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after the excavation of the earthwork is temporarily ceased every time, in phase
The seam crossing welding steel plate for sealing water of adjacent steel sheet pile.
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| CN106884438A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-23 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of piping lane foundation trench compound support method of the following collapsible loess of groundwater level |
| CN107090828A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-25 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | A kind of Larsen steel sheet pile construction method for buried cable pipeline protection |
| CN107326928B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2020-04-10 | 南京叭叭智能科技有限公司 | Construction method of deep underground garage partially relating to basement |
| CN107338797B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2023-09-01 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Steel plate concrete combined anti-floating water stop structure and construction method thereof |
| CN108506002B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2024-03-26 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Outer wall template for forming slurry diffusion groove on outer wall surface |
| CN108914943A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆水利电力职业技术学院 | A kind of combination steel construction supporting construction |
| CN108755706B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2023-12-12 | 东莞市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Movable foundation pit inner support system and foundation pit construction method |
| CN109339510A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 中煤西安设计工程有限责任公司 | One kind being suitable for major diameter underground shaft type constructed parking garage structure and its construction method |
| CN109826630B (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2024-04-09 | 上海城建水务工程有限公司 | Precast concrete open caisson device for pipe jacking construction and construction method thereof |
| CN109898520B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-03-01 | 问延煦 | Wall-sinking construction method |
| CN111778994A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-16 | 西安市市政建设(集团)有限公司 | Pipe-jacking working well supporting device for municipal pipeline engineering and construction method |
| CN112746629B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | 山东大学 | Open caisson type superposed shear wall underground garage and construction method thereof |
| CN113389204B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-03-17 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Construction method of deep foundation pit sliding type rapid pre-support system |
| CN114635430B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-12-26 | 广州一建建设集团有限公司 | Construction process for large-depth half-reverse excavation |
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| JPH0781262B2 (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1995-08-30 | 五洋建設株式会社 | How to install a work box for steel sheet pile quay |
| JPH0317313A (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1991-01-25 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Underground steel wall doubling as body |
| JP3747198B2 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2006-02-22 | 株式会社データ・トゥ | Steel pipe sheet pile foundation |
| CN100489200C (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2009-05-20 | 中船第九设计研究院 | Large-diameter circular steel-plate cofferdam and its construction method |
| CN102191777B (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-12-12 | 广州市市政集团有限公司 | Steel sheet pile coefferdam structure and topdown construction method thereof |
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