CN106006871A - Device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence - Google Patents
Device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence Download PDFInfo
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- CN106006871A CN106006871A CN201610525027.1A CN201610525027A CN106006871A CN 106006871 A CN106006871 A CN 106006871A CN 201610525027 A CN201610525027 A CN 201610525027A CN 106006871 A CN106006871 A CN 106006871A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence. The device comprises a separation film, a plurality of micro channels consistent in mutual orientation are arranged on the separating film, the diameter of the mutual channels ranges from 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers, a stock solution area communicated with the inlet ends of the micro channels is arranged at one side of the separation film, and a separation area connected with the outlet ends of the micro channels is arranged at the other side of the separation film. A negative/positive ion exchange film is arranged on the inner wall of each micro channel, a second electrode is arranged on the side, opposite to the separation area, of the separation film, a first electrode and the second electrode are used for generating field strength covering the field strength direction of the micro channels from the separation area to the stock liquid area, and a third electrode is arranged on the negative/positive ion exchange film. The device and method have the advantages that only the requirement for the hundred-micron aperture is needed, operation pressure and manufacturing difficulty are lowered, therefore, the separation cost is reduced, and industrial popularization is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to belong to the industrial circles such as Industrial Wastewater Treatment, battery, biological medicine, ion isolation, especially in the middle of water treatment facilities, separation of heavy metal ions or certain specific ion, specifically refer to segregation apparatus and the separation method thereof of a kind of same sex different price ion.
Background technology
Starting so far from the 90's of last century, numerous studies personnel never stopped the isolation technics of different price ion and explored, it is worth mentioning at this point that, membrane technology is current most commonly used separation method, specifically includes that nano filtering process and electroosmose process.The operation pressure of nano filtering process is high (1 ~ 10Mpa), because its aperture, top layer of NF membrane is in nano-scale range.But, due to the particularity in NF membrane self structure, the character of its separating property and membrane material self and filming technology are also affected by operating condition, material properties and three aspects of module configurations outside the Pass having.It addition, nano filtering process is high due to operation pressure, it is therefore desirable to high to the requirement of strength of NF membrane, and with regard to NF membrane itself, owing to its aperture is nano-scale range, it is therefore desirable to nanoscale manufacture, cost of manufacture is the highest.
Electrodialytic technique owing to having that energy consumption is low, reagent consumption is few, environmental pollution is little, easy and simple to handle, length in service life, the feature such as pollution-free be widely used in seawater and brackish water desalination.
Traditional separation method, such as separation by precipitation.In test solution, add suitable precipitant, make a certain composition with the solid separation of definite composition, the method being separated with liquid phase through filtration.This method need to operate relatively complicated time-consuming through steps such as filtration, washings.
It addition, utilize ion chromatographic separation technology to separate m valency and the male/female ion of n valency, because the DAP reagent price used in its drip washing system is sufficiently expensive, is not suitable for industrial extensive separation, also therefore is difficult to popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to overcome prior art nano filtering process operation pressure high, the technical problems such as nanofiltration separation film preparation is expensive, the segregation apparatus of a kind of same sex different price ion is proposed, this device has only to hundred micron order aperture requirements, reduce operation pressure and manufacture difficulty, thus reduce separation costs and contribute to industry popularization.
It is a further object to provide the separation method of a kind of same sex different price ion based on above-mentioned segregation apparatus.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that and include separation film, it is provided with multiple tracks on this separation film and is mutually oriented consistent microchannel, a diameter of 10-100um of this microchannel, the described side separating film is provided with the stock solution district that the arrival end with microchannel communicates, the opposite side of this separation film is provided with the Disengagement zone that the port of export with microchannel is connected, one section of ion exchange membrane it is provided with on the inwall of described microchannel, the unbundled attribute of this ion exchange membrane is reversed with the band electrical properties of ion to be separated, the outer surface of anion exchange membrane and the intracavity inter-connection of microchannel, this separation film is relative to being provided with and communicated with buffer passage inside the inner surface of ion exchange membrane, the described side relative to stock solution district separating film is provided with the first electrode (V1), the side relative to Disengagement zone separating film is provided with the second electrode (V2), this first electrode and the second electrode are covered in the ion separated needed for microchannel direction drives from Disengagement zone to the first field intensity of stock solution district motion for producing, and described ion exchange membrane is provided with the 3rd electrode (V3), the electromotive force of the 3rd electrode is arranged according to concrete ion Independent adjustable to be separated.
Arranging further is when the ion of required separation is cation, and described ion exchange membrane is anion exchange membrane；When the ion of required separation is anion, described ion exchange membrane is cation exchange membrane.
The 3rd electrode being described is set further and is externally connected with the variable voltage source for regulating the 3rd electrode potential.
Arranging further is that the stock solution containing same sex different price ion to be separated is placed in stock solution district, this same sex different price ion includes the first ion of high price relatively and relative the second ion at a low price, the stock solution in stock solution district is applied one from stock solution district to the pressure in direction, Disengagement zone, by regulating the electromotive force of the 3rd electrode, the field forcing that first ion is subject in microchannel more than flow force and makes the first ion stay in stock solution district, the field forcing that second ion is subject in microchannel is less than pressure medium and makes the second ion enter into Disengagement zone from microchannel, so that the first ion and the second ion are separated from each other.
Operation principle and the advantage of the present invention be:
Separation membrane surface passes through Micro fabrication, etch countless multiple microchannel, and replace regular embedding anion/cation exchange membrane in microchannel central authorities, and at anion/cation exchange membrane surface intercalation electrode and apply voltage, anion/cation exchange membrane is connected to a full Buffer Pool for neutralizing the anion/cation C entering anion/cation exchange membrane-, owing to the electric neutrality of system keeps, ionize out Dm +/-Ion.Separating the outlet of film left end and be connected to multivalent ion collecting pit, passage right-hand member is then connected to the collecting pit of ion at a low price (with Bm +/-Represent).And separating two end one DC electric field (E) of application of film, the sensing left (as shown in the figure) that direction is vertical.
Switch on power so that ensure electromotive force relation V of these three electrode2 > V3
> V1, apply external pressure, drive stock solution motion, and then drive the ion motion of different valence state.
Generally, ion stress in the solution is determined by the viscous force of electric field force and current.Here, the present invention is applied with a DC electric field (E), and its direction is from right to left, as it can be seen, so the second relatively low ion (Bm +/-) by an electric field force to the left.Under the effect of external pressure (pressure is from left to right), when pressure is sufficiently large, the electric field force that the second relatively low ion is subject to is less than pressure, now the second ion (Bm +/-) then flow to the right along with current.
First ion (An+/-) also by flow force to the right, in order to ensure the first ion (An+/-) can not be by the ion separation membrane of the present invention, and the second relatively low ion (Bm +/-) can be by separating film, therefore the present invention is in ion separation membrane designs, and embeds anion/cation exchange membrane in microchannel central authorities.Under effect under the voltage on external electric field (E) and anion/cation exchange membrane surface, anion/cation exchange membrane near surface forms extreme uneven ion concentration distribution, i.e. there occurs the concentration polarization phenomenon of ion.Electric field on film surface amplified (than, DC electric field E, the electric field intensity on film surface can be amplified to up to 10 times, and direction is still the same with external electric field.This is to improve the degree of concentration polarization of ion exchange membrane surface solution and then achieve the amplification of ion exchange membrane surface field by changing the electromotive force of anion/cation exchange membrane lateral electrode), under conditions of not applying external pressure, the first ion (An+/-) and the second ion (Bm +/-) all can not pass through concentration polarization district due to the effect of electric field force.Under outside pressure action, the current that pressure causes can be to the first ion (An+/-) and the second ion (Bm +/-) form viscous drag.When current drag (being proportional to water velocity) is more than the second ion (Bm +/-Electric field force suffered by) is simultaneously less than the first ion (An+/-During electric field force suffered by), the second ion crosses over ion exchange membrane region, flows out ion separation membrane of the present invention with water, enters the second ion (Bm +/-) collecting pit.Simultaneously as flow force is not enough to overcome the first ion (An+/-Electricity suffered by), so the first ion (An+/-) be blocked in the upstream of anion/cation exchange membrane or separation film of the present invention left end, the i.e. first ion (An+/-) collecting pit.Thus realize the male/female ion isolation of different valence state.
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 specific embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; it is served only for the present invention is further described; it is not intended that limiting the scope of the present invention, the present invention can be made some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of foregoing invention by the technician in this field.
As it is shown in figure 1, this Fig. 1 states as particle with a bivalent cation, in like manner, the separation m valency of the present invention, the equipment of n valency ion essentially consist in the design separating film to other situations.Here, the enlarged drawing of display separation film.As shown in the figure, separate film 1 surface and pass through Micro fabrication, etch countless multiple microchannel 11(channel size and can control between 10um to 100um, because channel pressure is directly proportional to-4 powers in aperture, than traditional Nanofiltration Membrane Separation Technology, aperture amplifies 103-104Low operating pressure 10 can drop in theory again12--1016Magnitude).
nullThe side separating film 1 described in the present embodiment is provided with the stock solution district 12 that the arrival end with microchannel 11 communicates，The opposite side of this separation film is provided with the Disengagement zone 13 that the port of export with microchannel is connected，One section of anion/cation exchange membrane 2 it is provided with on the inwall of described microchannel 11，The outer surface of this anion/cation exchange membrane 2 and the intracavity inter-connection of microchannel 11，It is provided with and communicated with buffer passage 14 inside this separation film 1 inner surface relative to anion/cation exchange membrane 2，The described side relative to stock solution district 12 separating film 1 is provided with the first electrode 15，The side relative to Disengagement zone separating film is provided with the second electrode 16，This first electrode 15 and the second electrode 16 are covered in microchannel field intensity direction from Disengagement zone to first field intensity E in stock solution district for producing，It is provided with the 3rd electrode 21 on described anion/cation exchange membrane 2，The electromotive force of the 3rd electrode 21 is between the first electrode 15 and the second electrode 16.For the ease of applying electromotive force, in the specific implementation, the electromotive force of the second electrode 16 is 0 to the present embodiment, and the electromotive force of the first electrode 15 is negative value, and equally, the electromotive force on the 3rd electrode 21 is the negative value between the first electrode 15 and the second electrode 16.
The present embodiment is by regulating the electromotive force of the 3rd electrode 21, change the distribution of whole passage built-in potential, utilize the feature of the inhomogeneities of the distribution of electromotive force, thus change different price ion stressing conditions in microchannel, achieve low price ion by separating film, and high valence ion is not by separating film.In addition, in the case of the electromotive force of these three electrodes is all fixing, external pressure can be regulated, make flow force between multivalent ion and the electric field force that ion is subject at a low price, ion is by separating film so at a low price, and multivalent ion is not by separating film, and then achieve the male/female ion isolation of different valence state.
Claims (4)
1. the segregation apparatus of a same sex different price ion, it is characterized in that: include separation film, it is provided with multiple tracks on this separation film and is mutually oriented consistent microchannel, a diameter of 10-100um of this microchannel, the described side separating film is provided with the stock solution district that the arrival end with microchannel communicates, the opposite side of this separation film is provided with the Disengagement zone that the port of export with microchannel is connected, one section of ion exchange membrane it is provided with on the inwall of described microchannel, the unbundled attribute of this ion exchange membrane is reversed with the band electrical properties of ion to be separated, the outer surface of anion exchange membrane and the intracavity inter-connection of microchannel, this separation film is relative to being provided with and communicated with buffer passage inside the inner surface of ion exchange membrane, the described side relative to stock solution district separating film is provided with the first electrode (V1), the side relative to Disengagement zone separating film is provided with the second electrode (V2), this first electrode and the second electrode are covered in the ion separated needed for microchannel direction drives from Disengagement zone to the first field intensity of stock solution district motion for producing, and described ion exchange membrane is provided with the 3rd electrode (V3), the electromotive force of the 3rd electrode is arranged according to concrete ion Independent adjustable to be separated.
The segregation apparatus of a kind of same sex different price ion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the ion of required separation is cation, described ion exchange membrane is anion exchange membrane；When the ion of required separation is anion, described ion exchange membrane is cation exchange membrane.
The segregation apparatus of a kind of same sex different price ion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 3rd described electrode is externally connected with the variable voltage source for regulating the 3rd electrode potential.
4. the separation method of a same sex different price ion based on segregation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stock solution containing same sex different price ion to be separated is placed in stock solution district, and this same sex different price ion includes the first ion A of high price relativelyn+/-With relative the second ion B at a low pricem +/-Wherein n > m > 0, and apply one in stock solution district from stock solution district to the pressure in direction, Disengagement zone, by regulating the electromotive force of the 3rd electrode, the field forcing that first ion is subject in microchannel makes the first ion stay in stock solution district more than flow force, the field forcing that second ion is subject in microchannel makes the second ion enter into Disengagement zone from microchannel less than flow force, it is achieved the first ion and the second ion are separated from each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610525027.1A CN106006871A (en) | 2016-07-03 | 2016-07-03 | Device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610525027.1A CN106006871A (en) | 2016-07-03 | 2016-07-03 | Device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence |
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| CN106006871A true CN106006871A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
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| CN201610525027.1A Pending CN106006871A (en) | 2016-07-03 | 2016-07-03 | Device and method for separating isotropic ions different in valence |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109534465A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-29 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | A kind of parallel desalination plant based on ion concentration polarity effect |
-
2016
- 2016-07-03 CN CN201610525027.1A patent/CN106006871A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109534465A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-29 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | A kind of parallel desalination plant based on ion concentration polarity effect |
| CN109534465B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-12-14 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | Parallel seawater desalination device based on ion concentration polarization effect |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |