CN106006867B - Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device - Google Patents
Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106006867B CN106006867B CN201610476085.XA CN201610476085A CN106006867B CN 106006867 B CN106006867 B CN 106006867B CN 201610476085 A CN201610476085 A CN 201610476085A CN 106006867 B CN106006867 B CN 106006867B
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- cathode
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- membrane electrodialysis
- desalination device
- exhalant region
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination devices, including cathode (1) and anode (2), the two porous plates (3) for constituting open-delta are provided between cathode (1) and anode (2), the closing tip of porous plate (3) is towards water inlet direction and its open end is towards water discharging direction, and the region that the region between porous plate (3) is constituted between less salt exhalant region (4) and porous plate (3) cathode (1) or anode (2) adjacent thereto respectively constitutes exhalant region with high salt (5)；The setting of porous plate (3) can obstruct the destruction for the zwitterion segregation phenomenon that turbulent flow generates the electric field influence through applying between cathode (1) and anode (2), and make because the zwitterion to misplace caused by turbulent flow enters less salt exhalant region (4) and flow out under the action of electric field across porous plate (3).Zwitterion separation and separating effect occurs not by turbulent perturbation the invention enables haline water, it is high-efficient, be easily used and easy to maintain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to desalting technology field, the treatment effeciency of specifically a kind of pair high-salt wastewater is high and because of no film
And non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device easy to maintain.
Background technique
Currently, electrodialysis methods are one of the main methods of water desalination with high salt, multipair cation and anion exchange is usually used
Film is alternately placed side by side, is formed multiple cabins, while applying voltage at both ends, is made high salt concentration waste water same perpendicular to direction of an electric field
When flowed through in multiple cabins, because of electric field action, zwitterion moves round about respectively, cation pass through cation hand over
It changes after film enters neighbouring cabin and is stopped by the anion-exchange membrane of the cabin other side, and anion opposite direction passes through anion exchange
Film enters the other side and is stopped behind cabin in next layer of cation-exchange membrane, so that it is respectively more with high salt for generating adjacent cabin
Spend the treatment effect of waste water and Low-salinity processing water.The technology is fairly perfect at present and industrialization.However due to macromolecule
The natural attribute of film can generate expansion after being immersed in water, and can shrink again after dehydration, and must just protect often after immersion
Hold wet, otherwise film is easily scrapped.Simultaneously as having many group films in set of device, and needing package unit to dismantle could be right
Film is replaced.Maintenance difficulties and cost have been significantly greatly increased in this.
Summary of the invention
It is high in response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the treatment effeciency of a kind of pair of high-salt wastewater and
Because of the non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device easy to maintain without film.
The purpose of the present invention is what is solved by the following technical programs:
A kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device, including the cathode and anode being equipped with, it is characterised in that: parallel
Column are placed in the cathode of cavity two sides and anode is slab construction and constitutes capacitor, chamber between a cathode and an anode after applying electric field
Be additionally provided with relative tilt in vivo and the two porous plates to form open-delta be set, the closing tips of two porous plates towards into
Towards water discharging direction, the region between two porous plates constitutes less salt exhalant region and porous plate and its phase for water direction and its open end
Region between adjacent cathode or anode respectively constitutes exhalant region with high salt；The setting of two porous plates can obstruct turbulent flow to through yin
The electric field applied between pole and anode influences and the destruction of the zwitterion segregation phenomenon of generation, and makes because caused by turbulent flow
The zwitterion of dislocation passes through porous plate under the action of electric field and enters less salt exhalant region and flow out.
The triangle that the regional percentage of the exhalant region with high salt of two sides and intermediate less salt exhalant region is constituted by adjusting porous plate
The wedge angle size of shape is configured.
Regional percentage between the exhalant region with high salt, less salt exhalant region and exhalant region three with high salt is 1:2-4:1
The length to height ratio for the capacitor that the cathode and anode are constituted is 5-10.
The wedge angle angle for the open-delta that two porous plates are formed is configured by adjusting the length to height ratio of capacitor.
The open-delta that two porous plates are formed is isosceles triangle and is located among the region that cathode and anode are constituted.
The length of the distance between water inlet end of the closing tip of two porous plates and cathode and anode and cathode or anode
Ratio be 0.1-0.3.
The voltage of the constant pressure electric field applied between the cathode and anode is 0.5~10 volt.
The porous plate it is porous by spraying or infiltrating cation and anion exchange high molecular material to improve performance.
The cathode and anode all uses inertia material to be made.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:
Capacitive desalination device of the invention passes through the setting of triangular multi-hole plate, avoids zwitterion respectively by parallel sun
Cathode attracts and easily formed caused by, flow velocity big due to wastewater flow is fast after the enrichment of both ends turbulent perturbation break yin-yang from
The state that is enriched with respectively of son, can effectively limit the generation of turbulent flow, can be with by adjusting the flow proportional of high low-solids water exhalant region
Desalination condition is optimized, best desalting effect is reached.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention replaces the flat of multipair anion and cation exchange membrane by the capacitor design with porous plate
The dialysis pond of row arrangement, the shortcomings that by cancelling amberplex, avoiding cost high, easy to damage, the difficult maintenance of film method with
And the problem of structure is complicated in membrane electrodialysis pond, not convenient for safeguarding, maintenance difficult, also avoid porous electrode condenser type desalter
Needs the problem of periodically reversing desalination discontinuity caused by direction of an electric field eluting electrode and inefficiency；It is porous by adding
The mode of plate effectively prevents the case where ion isolation caused by turbulent flow is destroyed, and device is simply easy to without moving assembly, structure
Cleaning maintenance, therefore the efficiency of the capacitive desalination device, ease for use, ease for maintenance have all obtained significant raising, effectively improve
The application prospect of capacitance kind desalting technology is suitable for promoting the use of.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the structural schematic diagram that non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device of the invention is put.
Wherein: 1-cathode；2-anodes；3-porous plates；4-less salt exhalant regions；5-exhalant regions with high salt.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
A kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device as shown in Figure 1:, including be all made and be equipped with using inertia material
Cathode 1 and anode 2, the cathode 1 for being placed in cavity two sides and anode 2 arranged in parallel be slab construction and apply voltage be 0.5~
The capacitor that length to height ratio is 5-10 is constituted after 10 volts of constant pressure electric field, is additionally provided in the cavity between cathode 1 and anode 2
The two porous plates 3 to form open-delta, the wedge angle angle for the open-delta that two porous plates 3 are formed is arranged in relative tilt
It is configured by adjusting the length to height ratio of capacitor, and the water inlet end at the closing tip and cathode 1 and anode 2 of two porous plates 3
The distance between and the ratio of length of cathode 1 or anode 2 be 0.1-0.3, the closing tips of two porous plates 3 is towards water inlet side
To and its open end towards water discharging direction, the region between two porous plates 3 constitutes less salt exhalant region 4 and porous plate 3 and its phase
Region between adjacent cathode 1 or anode 2 respectively constitutes exhalant region 5 with high salt；The setting of two porous plates 3 can obstruct turbulent flow pair
Electric field through applying between cathode 1 and anode 2 influences and the destruction of the zwitterion segregation phenomenon of generation, and makes because of turbulent flow
The zwitterion of caused dislocation passes through porous plate 3 under the action of electric field and enters less salt exhalant region 4 and flow out.In above structure
On the basis of, a kind of optimal setting situation are as follows: the open-delta that two porous plates 3 are formed is isosceles triangle and is located at cathode
1 and anode 2 constitute region among.
In actual use, the regional percentage of the exhalant region with high salt 5 of two sides and intermediate less salt exhalant region 4 is by adjusting porous
The wedge angle size for the triangle that plate 3 is constituted is configured, and 5 three of exhalant region with high salt 5, less salt exhalant region 4 and exhalant region with high salt
Between regional percentage be 1:2-4:1.Porous plate 3 it is porous by spraying or infiltrating cation and anion exchange high molecular material to mention
High-performance；In addition porous plate 3 uses non-conducting material, or at least the junction triangle vertex of two porous plates 3 must not be conductive,
So that without conductive contact between two porous plates 3.
When in use, two porous plates 3 are triangular in shape and silent tip is directed toward for four electrode capacitance desalters of the invention
Direction, the opening big end of intaking are directed toward water discharging direction, the two sides of porous plate 3 and then structure at regular intervals with cathode 1 and anode 2 respectively
At three adjustable flow exhalant regions.At work, the voltage of the constant pressure electric field applied between cathode 1 and anode 2 be 0.5 volt~
10 volts, after haline water enters the device, zwitterion separates under electric field action, but turbulent flow and diffusion can certain journeys
Degree offset this separating effect, when the water sample being partially separated reaches the tip top of triangle, anion enrichment part and
Cation enrichment part gradually obstructed, because of the metering function of porous plate 3, cause turbulent flow only can in the cavity, because without
Correct separating effect can be significantly affected, and because the zwitterion to misplace caused by turbulent flow can then be distinguished under the action of electric field
The less salt exhalant region 4 of corresponding centre is reached across corresponding porous plate 3；The part of anion enrichment simultaneously and cation enrichment
Part through at respective position exhalant region with high salt 5 be discharged.In said structure, to further increase treatment effeciency and according to reality
Condition that border uses requires aperture size to determine porous plate (between tens microns to several millimeters), it may also be necessary to
By the infiltration of porous plate 3 initiated polymerization again in the high polymer raw material of zwitterion film, ion exchange is formed in porous chamber
Particle improves separating effect.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention in use, pending water with high salt enters the capacitive desalination device through water inlet pipe,
Under electric field occur zwitterion separation, through porous plate 3 enhance separating effect, high-salt wastewater and less salt processing water respectively by it is with high salt go out
Pool 5 and less salt exhalant region 4 are discharged.The capacitive desalination device passes through the setting of triangular multi-hole plate 3, avoids zwitterion point
Do not attracted by parallel positive cathode and easily forms turbulent perturbation caused by, flow velocity big due to wastewater flow is fast after the enrichment of both ends
Break the state that zwitterion is enriched with respectively, can effectively limit the generation of turbulent flow, by the stream for adjusting high low-solids water exhalant region
Amount ratio can optimize desalination condition, reach best desalting effect.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention replaces the flat of multipair anion and cation exchange membrane by the capacitor design with porous plate 3
The dialysis pond of row arrangement, the shortcomings that by cancelling amberplex, avoiding cost high, easy to damage, the difficult maintenance of film method with
And the problem of structure is complicated in membrane electrodialysis pond, not convenient for safeguarding, maintenance difficult, also avoid porous electrode condenser type desalter
Needs the problem of periodically reversing desalination discontinuity caused by direction of an electric field eluting electrode and inefficiency；It is porous by adding
The mode of plate 3 effectively prevents the case where ion isolation caused by turbulent flow is destroyed, and device is simply easy to without moving assembly, structure
Cleaning maintenance, therefore the efficiency of the capacitive desalination device, ease for use, ease for maintenance have all obtained significant raising, effectively improve
The application prospect of capacitance kind desalting technology is suitable for promoting the use of.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device, including the cathode (1) and anode (2) being equipped with, it is characterised in that: flat
Row arrangement is placed in the cathode (1) of cavity two sides and anode (2) is slab construction and constitutes capacitor after applying electric field, in cathode (1)
It is additionally provided with relative tilt in cavity between anode (2), the two porous plates (3) to form open-delta are set, more than two pieces
The closing tip of orifice plate (3) is towards water inlet direction and its open end is towards water discharging direction, the region structure between two porous plates (3)
At the region between less salt exhalant region (4) and porous plate (3) cathode (1) or anode (2) adjacent thereto respectively constitute it is with high salt go out
Pool (5)；The setting of two porous plates (3), which can obstruct turbulent flow, influences the electric field through applying between cathode (1) and anode (2)
And the destruction of the zwitterion segregation phenomenon generated, and make the effect because of the zwitterion to misplace caused by turbulent flow in electric field
Under across porous plate (3) and enter less salt exhalant region (4) flow out；Porous plate (3) uses non-conducting material, or at least more than two pieces
The junction triangle vertex of orifice plate (3) must not be conductive, so that without conductive contact between two porous plates (3).
2. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the exhalant region with high salt of two sides
(5) and the wedge angle size progress of triangle that is constituted by adjusting porous plate (3) of the regional percentage of intermediate less salt exhalant region (4)
Setting.
3. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: be located at less salt exhalant region
(4) exhalant region with high salt (5), less salt exhalant region (4) on the upside of and the exhalant region with high salt (5) three on the downside of less salt exhalant region (4)
Regional percentage between person is 1:2-4:1.
4. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cathode (1) and anode
(2) length to height ratio of the capacitor constituted is 5-10.
5. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: two porous plates (3) formation
The wedge angle angle of open-delta be configured by adjusting the length to height ratio of capacitor.
6. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two porous plates (3) formation
Open-delta be isosceles triangle and be located at cathode (1) and anode (2) composition region among.
7. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the envelope of two porous plates (3)
The ratio for closing the length of the distance between water inlet end of tip and cathode (1) and anode (2) and cathode (1) or anode (2) is
0.1-0.3。
8. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cathode (1) and sun
The voltage of the constant pressure electric field applied between pole (2) is 0.5~10 volt.
9. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the porous plate (3) it is more
Hole is by spraying or infiltrating cation and anion exchange high molecular material to improve performance.
10. non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cathode (1) and sun
Pole (2) is all made of inertia material.
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| CN201610476085.XA CN106006867B (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device |
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| CN201610476085.XA CN106006867B (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device |
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| CN106006867B true CN106006867B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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| CN108128854B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2023-07-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for recycling saline water based on corona discharge coupling electrodialysis |
| CN109507561B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-08-18 | 福建师范大学 | Semiconductor characteristic stability measuring system based on variable magnetic field and free electrode |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11661A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-01-06 | Takashi Yamaguchi | Seawater desalination apparatus |
| CN1902134A (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-01-24 | 美国过滤器公司 | Water treatment system and method |
| CN101331088A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Supercapacitor desalination devices |
| CN101595064A (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2009-12-02 | 通用电气公司 | The desalting method and the device that comprise electrode of super capacitor |
| CN102596824A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-18 | 通用电气公司 | Solid electrolyte producing assembly and method |
-
2016
- 2016-06-27 CN CN201610476085.XA patent/CN106006867B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11661A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-01-06 | Takashi Yamaguchi | Seawater desalination apparatus |
| CN1902134A (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-01-24 | 美国过滤器公司 | Water treatment system and method |
| CN101331088A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Supercapacitor desalination devices |
| CN101595064A (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2009-12-02 | 通用电气公司 | The desalting method and the device that comprise electrode of super capacitor |
| CN102596824A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-18 | 通用电气公司 | Solid electrolyte producing assembly and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200624 Address after: No.22, dahuangzhuang group, Sanquan community, Tangquan street, Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee after: Jiangsu Zetian Jiakang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 210000, No. 122, Ning Hai Road, Gulou District, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING NORMAL University |