CN116282411A - Electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse electric field and longitudinal electric field - Google Patents
Electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse electric field and longitudinal electric field Download PDFInfo
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- CN116282411A CN116282411A CN202310314198.XA CN202310314198A CN116282411A CN 116282411 A CN116282411 A CN 116282411A CN 202310314198 A CN202310314198 A CN 202310314198A CN 116282411 A CN116282411 A CN 116282411A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
Abstract
The electric vortex type sea water desalting chip based on the combined control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field comprises a micro-fluidic channel, wherein the micro-fluidic channel is formed by connecting a main road and two branches, the initial end of the main road is an input end along the flowing direction, the final end of the main road is connected with the initial ends of the two branches to form an integral Y-shaped structure, the flowing path in a first branch is upward, and the flowing path in a second branch is downward; a cation selective membrane is respectively embedded in the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the main path, and is connected with an electrode, wherein the voltage of the upper wall surface electrode is set to be V3, the voltage of the lower wall surface electrode is set to be V4, and the V3 and the V4 form a longitudinal electric field for controlling the chip; electrodes with voltage V2 are arranged at the tail ends of the two branches, electrodes with voltage V1 are arranged at the initial ends of the main branches, and the V1 and the V2 form a transverse electric field for controlling the chip; the invention adopts a microfluidic channel with a hundred-micrometer aperture, and can realize continuous sea water desalination and desalination treatment by adjusting voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vortex type microfluidic desalination chips, in particular to an electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse and longitudinal electric fields.
Background
The water purification technology is an important measure for solving the shortage and safety problems of drinking water. In areas with rich seawater resources, the seawater desalination technology becomes an important mode of local fresh water supply by effectively separating salt in seawater from water. The seawater desalination technology is realized based on a reverse osmosis process. During reverse osmosis, the applied external hydrostatic pressure pushes the seawater through a semipermeable membrane system, the presence of which allows the passage of water, but at the same time prevents the dissolved salts and other impurities in the seawater. For the problems of sea water desalination efficiency and cost, improving the permeability of the membrane is one of the key technologies. The nano porous graphene film plasma exchange film has a micro-scale porous structure, so that water can flow through the nano porous graphene film plasma exchange film more quickly, and the nano porous graphene film plasma exchange film has higher efficient sea water desalting capability.
In the existing electrodialysis method, the electrodialysis and ion exchange are combined, a direct-current potential difference is adopted to form driving force, and ions in water are removed by utilizing the selective permeability of an ion exchange membrane, so that the desalination of sea water is realized. This electrodialysis, which combines electromotive drive and ion exchange membrane technology, is considered to be a potential new technology for desalination of sea water. In the prior art of electrodialysis, only a longitudinal electric field is used to control electroosmosis flow, so that seawater in a microchannel formed by two cation selective membranes forms a vortex on the surface of an ion exchange membrane under the action of the longitudinal electric field, thereby realizing seawater desalination. However, this solution allows sea water desalination based on such electric vortices only in the presence of fluid pressure at the ends of the channels. In addition, the problems of channel height and the like can also cause energy waste during sea water desalination treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on the combined control of a transverse electric field and a longitudinal electric field, wherein the microfluidic chip adopts a microfluidic channel with a hundred-micrometer aperture, and continuous sea water desalination and desalination treatment can be realized by adjusting voltage. The novel electric vortex type desalination chip can realize sea water desalination under the condition that the end part of the channel does not have fluid pressure, is convenient for automatic control of the desalination process, and is beneficial to popularization and application of small and medium desalination factories.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the electric vortex type sea water desalting chip based on the combined control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field comprises a micro-fluidic channel, wherein the micro-fluidic channel is formed by connecting a main road and two branches, the initial end of the main road is an input end along the flowing direction, the final end of the main road is connected with the initial ends of the two branches to form an integral Y-shaped structure, the flowing path in a first branch is upward, and the flowing path in a second branch is downward;
a cation selective membrane is respectively embedded in the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the main way, the cation selective membrane is connected with an electrode, the voltage of the upper wall surface electrode is set to be V3, the voltage of the lower wall surface electrode is set to be V4, the V3 and the V4 form a longitudinal electric field for controlling the chip, and under the action of the longitudinal electric field, the surface of the cation selective membrane forms an electric vortex; the V3 is larger than V4;
electrodes with voltage V2 are arranged at the tail ends of the two branches, electrodes with voltage V1 are arranged at the initial ends of the main branches, and V1 and V2 form a transverse electric field for controlling the chip, and under the action of the transverse electric field, fluid in the microfluidic channel generates tangential electroosmosis movement under the action of the transverse electric field; the V1 is larger than V2;
each electrode is respectively connected with an adjustable direct current voltage source, wherein the voltage value is set to meet the requirements of V1> V2, V3> V4 and V2 not equal to V3, and the voltage value range is properly adjusted according to the structural size parameters, the chip desalting efficiency and the like.
The section of the microfluidic channel is rectangular.
The section of the microfluidic channel is 20-1000 mu m.
The microfluidic channel is made of a silicon glass material.
The substrate channel material in the microfluidic channel is silicon or resin, and the purpose of the substrate channel material is to enable the wall surface of the microfluidic channel to have negative charges so as to provide driving force for fluid.
The saline area is connected with the beginning end of the main path of the microfluidic channel, and the first type electroosmotic flow is formed by adjusting the voltage difference between the Y-shaped structure of the microfluidic channel and the beginning end of the main path, so that the saline is driven to enter the microfluidic channel; when brine enters a cation selective membrane area, regulating the voltage difference at two sides of the cation selective membrane to form concentration polarization, and triggering a second electroosmotic flow to form a vortex with low concentration; under the action of the electroosmotic flow of the first kind, the vortex area with low concentration forms directional rolling; by collecting these low concentration vortices, a continuous desalination process of brine is accomplished.
The application method of the electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on the combination control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field comprises the following steps of;
continuous sea water desalination and desalination treatment are realized by adjusting voltage, and the wall electric double layer of the micro-channel drives fluid to flow under the control of a transverse electric field by adjusting the voltage difference between the starting end of a main channel of the micro-fluidic channel and a Y-shaped structure (the voltage difference between V1 and V2), so that salt water enters the micro-channel;
when brine enters a cation selective membrane area, the voltage difference (voltage difference between V3 and V4) at two sides of the cation selective membrane is regulated, and concentration polarization effect exists in a microfluidic channel, so that electric vortex on the surface of the cation selective membrane is triggered, and the existing vortex area is a low ion concentration area, thereby realizing effective separation of salt and water;
under the action of electroosmotic flow, the fluid in the low ion concentration area forms transverse directional flow, and the continuous desalination treatment of the brine is completed by collecting the eddies with low concentration near the node of the Y-shaped structure end of the microfluidic channel.
The invention can carry out parallel processing on the microfluidic channels, change the roughness of the surface of the ion membrane, further improve the strength of local vortex and realize large-scale desalination.
The preparation method of the microfluidic channel is that the microfluidic channel is manufactured by hot molding or laser etching.
The microfluidic channel can be used for sea water desalination equipment, electrodialysis equipment and microfluidic equipment, and the voltage can be regulated only according to the configuration of the voltage in the specific use process, and the voltage meets the conditions that V1 is more than V2, V3 is more than V4 and V2 is not equal to V3, so that sea water desalination treatment can be realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the microchannel is prepared from the silicon glass material, the dimension of the microchannel is about hundred micrometers to thousand micrometers, cation selective membranes are embedded in the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the microchannel, and the voltage values of 4 electrodes are regulated, so that the voltage meets the conditions that V1 is more than V2, V3 is more than V4 and V2 is not equal to V3, and the sea water desalination treatment can be realized.
In general, saline solution is in a microchannel made of silicate glass material, and due to the effect of electroosmotic flow, under the action of a transverse electric field, electroosmotic flow drives saline solution at the inlet end of the microchannel into the microchannel.
When the salt solution enters the ion-selective membrane in the channel, the salt solution forms concentration polarization of ions on the surface of the ion-selective membrane under the action of a longitudinal electric field. The local disturbing electric field drives the ion concentration polarization layer to form an electric vortex region, and the region is characterized by low ion concentration. The electric seepage flow is driven by the transverse electric field, so that the electric vortex flows directionally, and the sea water desalination treatment can be realized by collecting the electric vortex.
The invention can realize sea water desalination under the condition that the end of the channel does not have fluid pressure by directly adjusting the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field. Because the invention is a micro-fluidic chip, no external pressure drive is needed, and two No. 5 batteries supply power. In addition, the sea water desalting efficiency can be improved by adjusting the vertical electric field intensity of the surface of the cationic membrane. The microfluidic chip is suitable for families in water-deficient areas and small and medium-sized desalination plants.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the arrangement of the present invention mainly consists in the structural arrangement of the microfluidic channels and the arrangement of the voltages. The basic structure of the micro-channel is shown in fig. 1. Firstly, manufacturing a Y-shaped channel through micro-nano processing.
Two cation selective membranes are embedded in the upper and lower wall surfaces near the node of the Y-shaped channel, one side of the cation selective membrane is connected with an electrode, the voltage of the upper electrode is set to be V3, and the voltage of the lower electrode is set to be V4. Then two electrodes are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the micro-channel, and the left end and the right end of the micro-channel are respectively provided with two electrodes, wherein the voltage of the electrode at the left end is set to be V1, and the voltage of the electrode at the right end is set to be V2.
Because the design of the chip is in the hundred-micrometer scale, the voltage setting of the electrodes can be realized only by two batteries. By adjusting the voltage values of the 4 electrodes, the voltages are made to satisfy V1> V2, V3> V4, and V2. Noteq.V 3. When the traditional electrodialysis chip is used for sea water desalination, fluid pressure is required to exist at the end part of a channel, and the pressure is in direct proportion to the-4 th power of the diameter of the aperture. Compared with the traditional electrodialysis device, the invention can carry out sea water desalination under the condition that the end part of the channel is not provided with external pressure.
For the purposes of the present invention, the cation selective membrane surface has an electric swirl (as illustrated by the spiral in fig. 1). The concentration of fluid ions in the electric vortex areas is very low, and the sea water desalination based on the electric vortex can be realized by adjusting the voltage values of 4 electrodes (firstly, adjusting the voltage V1 to be more than V2, after 1 minute, the electric vortex is completely developed, and then, adjusting the voltage to meet V3 to be more than V4 and V2 to be more than V3).
In addition, the invention has the effects of killing local bacteria and repelling other charged particles when the sea water desalination is carried out, thereby ensuring the safety of the produced fresh water.
The application method of the electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on the combination control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field comprises the following steps of;
continuous sea water desalination and desalination treatment are realized by adjusting voltage, and the electric double layer on the wall surface of the micro-channel drives fluid to flow under the control of a transverse electric field by adjusting the voltage difference (the voltage difference between the V1 and the V2) of the left end and the right end of the micro-channel, so that salt water enters the micro-channel;
when brine enters a cation selective membrane area, the voltage difference (voltage difference between V3 and V4) at two sides of the cation selective membrane is regulated, and concentration polarization effect exists in a microfluidic channel, so that electric vortex on the surface of the cation selective membrane is triggered, and the existing vortex area is a low ion concentration area, thereby realizing effective separation of salt and water;
under the action of electroosmotic flow, the fluid in the low ion concentration area forms transverse directional flow, and the continuous desalination treatment of the brine is completed by collecting the eddies with low concentration near the node of the Y-shaped structure end of the microfluidic channel.
Claims (8)
1. The electric vortex type sea water desalting chip based on the combined control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field is characterized by comprising a micro-fluidic channel, wherein the micro-fluidic channel is formed by connecting a main road and two branches, the initial end of the main road is an input end along the flowing direction, the final end of the main road is connected with the initial ends of the two branches to form an integral Y-shaped structure, the flowing path in a first branch is upward, and the flowing path in a second branch is downward;
a cation selective membrane is respectively embedded in the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the main way, the cation selective membrane is connected with an electrode, the voltage of the upper wall surface electrode is set to be V3, the voltage of the lower wall surface electrode is set to be V4, the V3 and the V4 form a longitudinal electric field for controlling the chip, and under the action of the longitudinal electric field, the surface of the cation selective membrane forms an electric vortex; the V3 is larger than V4;
electrodes with voltage V2 are arranged at the tail ends of the two branches, electrodes with voltage V1 are arranged at the initial ends of the main branches, and V1 and V2 form a transverse electric field for controlling the chip, and under the action of the transverse electric field, fluid in the microfluidic channel generates tangential electroosmosis movement under the action of the transverse electric field; the V1 is larger than V2;
each of the electrodes is connected to an adjustable DC voltage source, wherein the voltage values are set to satisfy V1> V2, V3> V4, and V2 +..
2. The electric vortex type seawater desalination chip based on the combined control of the transverse and longitudinal electric fields according to claim 1, wherein the section of the microfluidic channel is rectangular.
3. The electric vortex type seawater desalination chip based on the combined control of the transverse and longitudinal electric fields according to claim 1, wherein the section of the microfluidic channel is 20-1000 μm.
4. The electric vortex type sea water desalting chip based on the combined control of the transverse and longitudinal electric fields according to claim 1, wherein the microfluidic channel is made of a silicon glass material;
the substrate channel material in the microfluidic channel is silicon or resin.
5. The electric vortex type seawater desalination chip based on the combined control of the transverse and longitudinal electric fields according to claim 1, wherein a saline area is connected with the initial end of a main path of the microfluidic channel, and a first type electroosmotic flow is formed by adjusting the voltage difference between a Y-shaped structure of the microfluidic channel and the initial end of the main path, so that saline water is driven to enter the microfluidic channel; when brine enters a cation selective membrane area, regulating the voltage difference at two sides of the cation selective membrane to form concentration polarization, and triggering a second electroosmotic flow to form a vortex with low concentration; under the action of the electroosmotic flow of the first kind, the vortex area with low concentration forms directional rolling; by collecting these low concentration vortices, a continuous desalination process of brine is accomplished.
6. The method for using the electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on the combined control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
continuous sea water desalination and desalination treatment are realized by adjusting voltage, and the electric double layer on the wall surface of the micro-channel drives fluid to flow under the control of a transverse electric field by adjusting the voltage difference between the starting end of a main channel of the micro-fluidic channel and a Y-shaped structure, so that salt water enters the micro-channel;
when brine enters a cation selective membrane area, the voltage difference at two sides of the cation selective membrane is regulated, and concentration polarization exists in a microfluidic channel, so that electric vortex on the surface of the cation selective membrane is triggered, and the existing vortex area is a low ion concentration area, thereby realizing effective separation of salt and water;
under the action of electroosmotic flow, the fluid in the low ion concentration area forms transverse directional flow, and the continuous desalination treatment of the brine is completed by collecting the eddies with low concentration near the node of the Y-shaped structure end of the microfluidic channel.
7. The method for using the electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on the combination control of the transverse electric field and the longitudinal electric field according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the microfluidic channel is thermal molding manufacturing of the microfluidic channel or laser etching.
8. The electric vortex type seawater desalination chip based on the combined control of transverse and longitudinal electric fields according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the microfluidic channel can be used in seawater desalination equipment, electrodialysis equipment and microfluidic equipment, and the specific use process only requires the voltage according to the invention
The voltage is regulated by the configuration of the voltage regulator, the voltage meets the conditions that V1 is more than V2, V3 is more than V4 and V2 is not equal to V3,
can realize sea water desalination treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310314198.XA CN116282411A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse electric field and longitudinal electric field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310314198.XA CN116282411A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse electric field and longitudinal electric field |
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| CN116282411A true CN116282411A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| CN202310314198.XA Pending CN116282411A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Electric vortex type sea water desalination chip based on combined control of transverse electric field and longitudinal electric field |
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