CN106001863B - Improve the hot-working method of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage - Google Patents
Improve the hot-working method of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106001863B CN106001863B CN201610465129.9A CN201610465129A CN106001863B CN 106001863 B CN106001863 B CN 106001863B CN 201610465129 A CN201610465129 A CN 201610465129A CN 106001863 B CN106001863 B CN 106001863B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The hot-working method for improving heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage, belongs to welding technology field.Two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece to be welded are fixed on the welding tooling of no backing plate first, then backing welding is carried out with the TIG welderings of direct current heliarc, first layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding again, second layer cosmetic welding is finally carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding, to complete the welding of two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece.Invention increases second layer cappings to make the tensile strength at the welding point after increase second layer capping be effectively improved, elongation percentage improves 40% by design technology and dimensional parameters.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of hot-working methods more particularly to a kind of raising heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding to prolong
The hot-working method for stretching rate, belongs to welding technology field.
Background technology：
China's carrier rocket core grade tank uses heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy, such as 2A14,2219 models, weld seam to use
Single-sided two-layered automates TIG weld, and weld shape is as shown in Figure 1, first layer realizes backing welding using no backing plate DC TIG welding
Seam, the second layer realize cap weld using variable polarity TIG welding.
Advantage is mainly reflected in：
1) stomata in bottoming welding process and it is mingled with and is easy to overflow, reduces weld defect, improve welding quality；
2) backing welding speed of welding significantly improves welding efficiency up to 12m/h or more；
3) while keeping larger speed of welding, welding current is significantly reduced, reduces the heat input of weld seam, reduces production
The welding deformation of product；
4) linear energy density is high, and welding penetration is big, moderately thick can square groove once penetrate.
No backing plate DC TIG welding technique has the above clear advantage, but also has certain process limitation, intensive line
The heat input of energy and concentration causes heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy welding point elongation percentage not high, about 3%, weld seam by
Under force effect, it may occur however that brittle failure.
To find out its cause, 2219 aluminum alloy TIG postweldings, weld seam (WZ) and partially melted zone (PMZ) are different degrees of due to existing
Cu element segregations, overaging area (OAZ), heat affected area (HAZ) tissue can also occur certain change, make weld joint mechanical
Reduced performance.Each area distribution such as Fig. 1.To make up the deficiency of weld strength, usually retain certain weld reinforcement.Reinforcement is deposited
Connector is set to become Geometrical discontinuity body, welding toe will appear stress concentration when stand under load.It is molten with part that toe of weld is usually located at weld seam
Change the intersection in area, and the microstructure and mechanical property of partially melted zone height is non-homogeneous, closer to melt run, intensity and plasticity are got over
Difference.When zero defect band reinforcement connector cross directional stretch, for crack initiation position generally near toe of weld, fracture path may be in weld seam or part
Fusion zone.
Invention content：
The technology of the present invention solves the problems, such as：Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of heat-treatable strengthened aluminium of raising
The hot-working method of alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage, effectively increase heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy welding point elongation percentage and
The intensity of weld seam.
Technical solution of the invention is：Improve the hot-working side of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage
Method includes the following steps：
(1) two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece to be welded are fixed on the welding tooling of no backing plate；
(2) backing welding is carried out with the TIG welderings of direct current heliarc；
(3) first layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding；
(4) second layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding, to complete two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece
Welding.
It is with the technological parameter of direct current heliarc TIG weldering progress backing weldings in the step (2)：Speed of welding is 13-23m/
H, welding current 160-300A, arc voltage parameter are 13-18V.
It is with the technological parameter of Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding progress first layer cosmetic welding in the step (3)：Speed of welding is
6-14m/h, duty ratio 45-70%, background current 200-300A.
Protection gas when second layer cosmetic welding welds in the step (4) is argon gas, speed of welding 5-10m/h, welding
Electric current is 80-150A, gas flow 8-16L/min.
The dimensional parameters of the second layer capping meet：
2δ+b‐3mm≤a≤2δ+b+3mm
1.5mm≤h≤2mm
Wherein a is the frontal width of second layer capping, and b is the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, h
For the topside height of second layer capping.
It is described with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding carry out second layer cosmetic welding implementation method be：
(6.1) two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece and first layer cap weld grinding process to be welded are done
Only；
(6.2) the welding gun square starting the arc in welded joints, welding gun is moved along position while welding, in a manner of swinging, is covered comprehensively
Original weld seam, and ensure that the dimensional parameters of second layer capping meet the 2 δ+b-3mm≤δ of a≤2+b+3mm, 1.5mm≤h≤2mm.
Two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy thickness of workpiece to be welded are more than 4mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention increases the second layer lid on the basis of existing weld seam automates TIG weld using single-sided two-layered
Face makes the tensile strength of the commissure (welding point) after increase second layer capping obtain by design technology and dimensional parameters
A degree of raising, elongation percentage improve 40%.
(2) the second capping size of the invention meets 2 δ+b-3mm≤δ+b+3mm of a≤2, has effectively disperseed former welding toe and has answered
Power optimizes welding point fracture path, to increase the intensity and elongation percentage of weld seam.
(3) present invention realizes that the width dimensions of second layer capping are met the requirements by swinging for welding gun, overcomes biography
The relatively narrow defect of capping width dimensions in welding gun welding method of uniting.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece routine bottoming capping composite welding schematic diagrames to be welded；
Fig. 2 is the bottoming capping composite welding schematic diagram of the present invention；
Torch swinging schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is second layer cover welding.
Specific implementation mode：
For weld seam using the not high present situation of the single-sided two-layered elongation percentage that brings of automation TIG weld and intensity, the present invention
It proposes a kind of hot-working method improving heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage, includes the following steps：
(1) two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece to be welded are fixed on the welding tooling of no backing plate, wherein
Two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy thickness of workpiece to be welded are more than 4mm.
(2) backing welding is carried out with the TIG welderings of direct current heliarc, technological parameter is：Speed of welding is 13-23m/h, and welding current is
160-300A, arc voltage parameter are 13-18V.
(3) first layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding, technological parameter is：Speed of welding is 6-14m/h, is accounted for
Sky is than being 45-70%, background current 200-300A.
(4) second layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding, to complete two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece
Welding.Protection gas when welding is argon gas, speed of welding 5-10m/h, welding current 80-150A, gas flow 8-
16L/min.When plank is thicker, to ensure the molding of weld seam front, welding wire can be moderately added.
As shown in Fig. 2, the dimensional parameters of second layer capping meet：
2δ+b‐3mm≤a≤2δ+b+3mm
1.5mm≤h≤2mm
Wherein a is the frontal width of second layer capping, and b is the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, h
For the topside height of second layer capping, unit is mm.
In order to reach welding effect as above, by production joint grinding process it is clean after, be fixed on welding tooling；Welding gun exists
The starting the arc above weld seam provides heat and acts on weld seam front, and welding gun is moved along position while welding, successively covering one time comprehensively.
In welding gun along position while welding motion process, in a manner of swinging, original weld seam is covered comprehensively, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, and ensures that weld shape meets Fig. 2 requirements.Swinging for welding gun realized by the way that automatically moving for welding gun mechanism is clamped,
It can also be realized by movement by hand.
Using rational welding parameter, welding gun ensures the topside height degree of remelting weld seam in the original weld seam of covering remelting
For 1.5mm-2mm.
Embodiment 1：
For the product that model thickness is 8mm, implement parameter such as table 1：
1 thickness of table is the Product jointing parameter of 8mm
The dimensional parameters of wherein second layer capping meet a=2 δ+b+3mm, and h=1.5mm, a are the front of second layer capping
Width, b are the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, and h is the topside height of second layer capping, and unit is
mm。
Elongation percentage after first layer cosmetic welding is 3.5%, intensity 280-290MPa.Elongation percentage after second layer cosmetic welding
It is 5.0%, intensity 320MPa.
Embodiment 2：
For the product that model thickness is 10mm, implement parameter such as table 2：
2 thickness of table is the Product jointing parameter of 10mm
The dimensional parameters of wherein second layer capping meet a=2 δ+b-3mm, and h=2mm, a are that the front of second layer capping is wide
Degree, b are the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, and h is the topside height of second layer capping, and unit is
mm。
Elongation percentage after first layer cosmetic welding is 3.5%, intensity 280-295MPa.Elongation percentage after second layer cosmetic welding
It is 5.5%, intensity 310MPa.
Embodiment 3：
For the product that model thickness is 12mm, implement parameter such as table 3：
3 thickness of table is the Product jointing parameter of 12mm
The dimensional parameters of wherein second layer capping meet a=2 δ+b+2mm, and h=1.8mm, a are the front of second layer capping
Width, b are the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, and h is the topside height of second layer capping, and unit is
mm。
Elongation percentage after first layer cosmetic welding is 3.0%, intensity 290-300MPa.Elongation percentage after second layer cosmetic welding
It is 5.5%, intensity 330MPa.
It can be seen that from three embodiments above according to the method for the present invention, the joint mechanical property of workpiece to be welded is notable
It improves, tensile strength is improved by 280-300MPa to 310-330MPa, and elongation percentage is increased to 5.5% by 3.0%.
Unspecified part of the present invention belongs to common sense well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. improving the hot-working method of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece to be welded are fixed on the welding tooling of no backing plate；
(2) backing welding is carried out with the TIG welderings of direct current heliarc；
(3) first layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding；
(4) second layer cosmetic welding is carried out with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding, to complete the weldering of two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece
It connects；
The dimensional parameters of the second layer capping meet：
2δ+b‐3mm≤a≤2δ+b+3mm
1.5mm≤h≤2mm
Wherein a is the frontal width of second layer capping, and b is the back side width of backing welding, and δ is the thickness of workpiece to be welded, h the
The topside height of two layers of capping.
2. hot-working method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (2) with direct current heliarc TIG weld into
The technological parameter of row backing welding is：Speed of welding is 13-23m/h, and welding current 160-300A, arc voltage parameter is 13-18V.
3. hot-working method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding in the step (3)
Carry out first layer cosmetic welding technological parameter be：Speed of welding is 6-14m/h, duty ratio 45-70%, background current 200-
300A。
4. hot-working method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Second layer cosmetic welding welds in the step (4)
When protection gas be argon gas, speed of welding 5-10m/h, welding current 80-150A, gas flow 8-16L/min.
5. hot-working method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to carry out second with Variable Polarity pulse TIG welding
Layer cosmetic welding implementation method be：
(4.1) two heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy workpiece to be welded and first layer cap weld grinding process are clean；
(4.2) the welding gun square starting the arc in welded joints, welding gun is moved along position while welding, in a manner of swinging, is covered comprehensively original
Weld seam, and ensure that the dimensional parameters of second layer capping meet the 2 δ+b-3mm≤δ of a≤2+b+3mm, 1.5mm≤h≤2mm.
6. hot-working method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two heat-treatable strengthened aluminium to be welded
Alloy workpiece thickness is more than 4mm.
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| CN201610465129.9A CN106001863B (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2016-06-23 | Improve the hot-working method of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy joint made by flame welding elongation percentage |
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| CN107470749A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-15 | 徐州世通重工机械制造有限责任公司 | A kind of welding method of direct current bottoming pulse stuff capping |
| CN108296610B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-11-27 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | TIG welding method for heat treatment strengthening of aluminum alloy |
| CN109570694A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | A kind of welding method suitable for middle thickness forging state aluminium alloy |
| CN110405316B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-02 | 清华大学 | Method for improving tensile property of aging-strengthened aluminum alloy melt welding joint |
| CN112548277A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-26 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Weld joint interface structure optimization method for dissimilar steel welded joint of thermal power plant |
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| CN112719536B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-12 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | Argon tungsten-arc welding method for annular seam of bottom flange of aluminum-lithium alloy ellipsoid box |
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| CN113199118A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-03 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Welding method for large-thickness aluminum alloy flange plate |
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| CN102079004B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西国德电气制造有限公司 | The aluminium alloy docking linerless single-sided welding double-sided shaping automatic TIG welding of circumferential weld connects method |
| CN102079003B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西国德电气制造有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy automatic TIG linerless single-side welding double-side forming technique |
| CN102837115A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Seamless welding method for aluminum and aluminum alloy or pipeline |
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