CN112453655A - Low-porosity defect welding process method for barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate - Google Patents
Low-porosity defect welding process method for barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453655A CN112453655A CN202011363391.5A CN202011363391A CN112453655A CN 112453655 A CN112453655 A CN 112453655A CN 202011363391 A CN202011363391 A CN 202011363391A CN 112453655 A CN112453655 A CN 112453655A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-porosity defect welding process method for a thick-medium wall plate of a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy, which realizes high-quality and high-efficiency welding of a bottom layer of a 2A14 aluminum alloy storage box by utilizing the effects of higher power density and stronger arc shrinkage of a helium arc anode. The thick plate aluminum alloy welding line is not required to be provided with a welding groove in advance, I-shaped butt bottoming welding is used, the welding speed is higher than that of a bottoming layer of argon tungsten-arc welding, welding wires are not required to be added, the bottoming layer adopts a 45-degree pointed cone-shaped tungsten electrode, 99.999% of industrial pure helium is used as protective gas, a variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding process method is adopted for cover layer welding, the variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding adopts a flat tungsten electrode tip shape, tungsten electrode ablation can be reduced better, the welding process is stable, and good fishscale-shaped aluminum alloy welding line forming can be realized by adjusting the current intensity and the acting time of a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a low-porosity defect welding process method for a thick and medium wall plate of a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy.
Background
The welding process of the aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate of the storage tank goes through the development process of alternating current argon tungsten-arc welding and variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding. Polarity-variable argon tungsten-arc welding is currently the mainstream welding mode of aerospace storage tanks. The welding process is stable, the current intensity and the action time of the anode and the cathode in the welding process can be adjusted, the burning loss of the tungsten electrode can be effectively reduced, and the aluminum oxide on the welding material can be effectively cleaned, so that the welding formation of a welding seam is ensured to be good, but the free arc shrinkage capacity of the polarity-variable argon tungsten arc welding is poor, so that the energy density of an electric arc on the anode is low, the welding depth of the welding seam is shallow, and the welding efficiency is low. Therefore, a single-sided multilayer welding mode is needed for welding the thick wall plate in the storage tank, and heat input redundancy in the welding process is caused by the fact that the welding speed is low in the welding process, so that the welding seam tissue is overheated and burnt excessively, and the mechanical property of the welding seam is reduced; however, the wall plates of the storage tank are subjected to extremely large residual stress and welding deformation by multi-layer multi-pass welding, the dimensional accuracy and the joint quality of the storage tank are seriously affected, and the strength of the storage tank is extremely dangerous.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-porosity defect welding process method for a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, which solves the technical problems of low welding efficiency and large residual stress and welding deformation in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a low-porosity defect welding process method for a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate comprises the following steps:
s1, hoisting the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness to girth welding equipment, wherein the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness is supported by an annular piston ring;
s2, adjusting the annular piston ring to align the center of a welding seam forming base plate on the annular piston ring with the center of a butt welding seam of the equal-thickness cylindrical piece to be welded;
s3, adjusting the supporting force supported by the annular piston ring, and hooping two sides of the butt joint circular seam on the outer part of the to-be-welded equal-thickness cylindrical part by using clamping belts;
s4, polishing the butt weld, and removing oil stains and impurities on the surface;
s5, introducing pure helium gas protective gas into the automatic welding system, installing a welding gun on the cerium-tungsten electrode, and opening the argon tungsten-arc welding machine for preheating;
s6, adjusting welding parameters, and performing direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s7, polishing and cleaning the surface of the welding seam welded by the direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s8, introducing pure argon protective gas into an automatic welding system, installing a cerium-tungsten electrode on a welding gun, and adding a BJ 380A bright welding wire into a wire feeding system for welding;
s9, adjusting the welding mode to be an alternating current mode, and performing variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding cover surface welding;
s10, after welding, polishing the outer surface of the welding seam to finish welding;
and S11, taking the sample for metallographic analysis after welding.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, the supporting force of the annular piston ring support in the step s3 is adjusted to be larger than 4 MPa.
The invention discloses a low-porosity defect welding process method for a bucket-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, wherein the parameters of direct-current helium arc backing welding in the step s6 are as follows: direct current is reversely connected, the welding current is 240A, the welding speed is 180mm/min, a welding gun does not swing, and no welding wire is added.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, the range of polishing and cleaning the surface of the welding seam in the step s7 is within 25mm of the center of the butt welding seam.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, in the step s5, the cerium-tungsten electrode is polished to a 45-degree pointed cone angle.
1. The low blowhole defect welding process of claim 1, wherein the cerium tungsten electrode is ground to a round head in step s 8.
The invention discloses a low-porosity defect welding process method for a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, which comprises the following specific welding parameters in step s 9: 360A for EN, 300A for EP, the wire feeding speed is 2000mm/min, the welding speed is 140mm/min, the base value is 260A with current, and the swinging parameters of the welding gun are as follows: the swing width is 7mm, the swing time is 0.5s, the left side stays for 0.25s, and the right side stays for 0.25 s.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, the purity of the pure helium gas in the step s5 is 99.999%.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, the purity of the pure argon protective gas in s8 is 99.999%.
According to the low-porosity defect welding process method for the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate, the material of the to-be-welded equal-thickness cylindrical part is 2A14 aluminum alloy.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the welding process method for the low-porosity defect of the medium-thick wall plate of the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy realizes high-quality and high-efficiency welding of the bottom layer of the aluminum alloy of the storage tank 2A14 by utilizing the effects of higher power density of the helium arc anode and stronger arc contraction effect. The welding process method of the direct-current helium arc welding backing and variable polarity tungsten electrode argon arc welding cover surface is adopted, three-layer welding of the traditional tungsten electrode argon arc welding is changed into two layers, the welding efficiency is improved, the welding groove does not need to be preset, the material and equipment loss is reduced, the assembling and welding period of the storage tank is shortened, meanwhile, the welding joint with low defect rate is adopted, the welding leakage at the back of the storage tank product does not need to be eliminated, and the generation of redundant materials and noise hazard in the storage tank are reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cerium tungsten electrode for DC helium arc backing welding in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a cerium tungsten electrode with pure argon protection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A low-porosity defect welding process method for a barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate comprises the following steps:
s1, hoisting the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness to girth welding equipment, wherein the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness is supported by an annular piston ring;
s2, adjusting the annular piston ring to align the center of a welding seam forming base plate on the annular piston ring with the center of a butt welding seam of the equal-thickness cylindrical piece to be welded;
s3, adjusting the supporting force supported by the annular piston ring, and hooping two sides of the butt joint circular seam on the outer part of the to-be-welded equal-thickness cylindrical part by using clamping belts;
s4, polishing the butt weld, and removing oil stains and impurities on the surface;
s5, introducing pure helium gas protective gas into the automatic welding system, installing a welding gun on the cerium-tungsten electrode, and opening the argon tungsten-arc welding machine for preheating;
s6, adjusting welding parameters, and performing direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s7, polishing and cleaning the surface of the welding seam welded by the direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s8, introducing pure argon protective gas into an automatic welding system, installing a cerium-tungsten electrode on a welding gun, and adding a BJ 380A bright welding wire into a wire feeding system for welding;
s9, adjusting the welding mode to be an alternating current mode, and performing variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding cover surface welding;
s10, after welding, polishing the outer surface of the welding seam to finish welding;
and S11, taking the sample for metallographic analysis after welding.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tightening force for adjusting the annular piston ring support in step s3 is greater than 4 MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parameters of the dc helium arc backing welding in step s6 are as follows: direct current is reversely connected, the welding current is 240A, the welding speed is 180mm/min, a welding gun does not swing, and no welding wire is added.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the range of the surface grinding and cleaning of the weld in the step s7 is within 25mm of the center of the butt weld.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cerium tungsten electrode is polished to a 45 ° taper angle in step s5, as shown in fig. 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cerium tungsten electrode is ground to a round head in the step s8, as shown in fig. 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific welding parameters in step s9 are: 360A for EN, 300A for EP, the wire feeding speed is 2000mm/min, the welding speed is 140mm/min, the base value is 260A with current, and the swinging parameters of the welding gun are as follows: the swing width is 7mm, the swing time is 0.5s, the left side stays for 0.25s, and the right side stays for 0.25 s.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the purity of the pure helium gas in the step s5 is 99.999%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the purity of the pure argon shielding gas in s8 is 99.999%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the constant-thickness cylindrical member to be welded is 2a14 aluminum alloy.
In this embodiment, the to-be-welded equal-thickness cylindrical part is a rocket tank 2a14 aluminum alloy with an inner diameter of phi 3338mm and a thickness of 9mm, the surface is ground in step s4 by using a grinder, the surface is ground in step s10 by using a wire brush, and a bright "fish scale pattern" weld joint can be formed after the grinding is completed.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A low-porosity defect welding process method for a bucket-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, hoisting the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness to girth welding equipment, wherein the cylinder piece to be welded with the same thickness is supported by an annular piston ring;
s2, adjusting the annular piston ring to align the center of a welding seam forming base plate on the annular piston ring with the center of a butt welding seam of the equal-thickness cylindrical piece to be welded;
s3, adjusting the supporting force supported by the annular piston ring, and hooping two sides of the butt joint circular seam on the outer part of the to-be-welded equal-thickness cylindrical part by using clamping belts;
s4, polishing the butt weld, and removing oil stains and impurities on the surface;
s5, introducing pure helium gas protective gas into the automatic welding system, installing a welding gun on the cerium-tungsten electrode, and opening the argon tungsten-arc welding machine for preheating;
s6, adjusting welding parameters, and performing direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s7, polishing and cleaning the surface of the welding seam welded by the direct-current helium arc backing welding;
s8, introducing pure argon protective gas into an automatic welding system, installing a cerium-tungsten electrode on a welding gun, and adding a BJ 380A bright welding wire into a wire feeding system for welding;
s9, adjusting the welding mode to be an alternating current mode, and performing variable polarity argon tungsten-arc welding cover surface welding;
s10, after welding, polishing the outer surface of the welding seam to finish welding;
and S11, taking the sample for metallographic analysis after welding.
2. The welding process method for the low porosity defect of the thick wall plate in the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tightening force for adjusting the annular piston ring support in the step s3 is greater than 4 MPa.
3. The welding process method for the low porosity defect of the thick aluminum barrel alloy medium wall plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameters of the direct current helium arc backing weld in the step s6 are as follows: direct current is reversely connected, the welding current is 240A, the welding speed is 180mm/min, a welding gun does not swing, and no welding wire is added.
4. The welding process method for the low porosity defect of the thick wall plate in the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the range of the surface grinding and cleaning of the welding seam in the step s7 is within 25mm of the center of the butt welding seam.
5. The low blowhole defect welding process of claim 1, wherein the cerium tungsten electrode is ground to a 45 ° taper angle in step s 5.
6. The low blowhole defect welding process of claim 1, wherein the cerium tungsten electrode is ground to a round head in step s 8.
7. The welding process method for the low porosity defect of the thick and medium wall plate of the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific welding parameters in the step s9 are as follows: 360A for EN, 300A for EP, the wire feeding speed is 2000mm/min, the welding speed is 140mm/min, the base value is 260A with current, and the swinging parameters of the welding gun are as follows: the swing width is 7mm, the swing time is 0.5s, the left side stays for 0.25s, and the right side stays for 0.25 s.
8. The welding process method for the low porosity defect of the thick wall plate in the barrel-shaped aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the purity of the pure helium gas in the step s5 is 99.999%.
9. The low porosity defect welding process of claim 1, wherein the purity of the pure argon shielding gas in s8 is 99.999%.
10. The low porosity defect welding process method of thick wall plate in tubbiness aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the material of the equal thickness cylinder to be welded is 2A14 aluminum alloy.
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| CN202011363391.5A CN112453655A (en) | 2020-11-28 | 2020-11-28 | Low-porosity defect welding process method for barrel-shaped aluminum alloy medium-thickness wall plate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113199118A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-03 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Welding method for large-thickness aluminum alloy flange plate |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |