CN105994383A - Microbial preparation for preventing and controlling plant root knot nematodes and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial preparation for preventing and controlling plant root knot nematodes and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994383A CN105994383A CN201610385950.XA CN201610385950A CN105994383A CN 105994383 A CN105994383 A CN 105994383A CN 201610385950 A CN201610385950 A CN 201610385950A CN 105994383 A CN105994383 A CN 105994383A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial preparation for preventing and controlling plant root knot nematodes and the application thereof. The preparation is mixed from Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, shell powder, shrimp shell powder, weathered coal humic acid and peat. The shell powder and shrimp shell powder are added to induce paecilomyces lilacinus to produce chitinase. The preparation can be stored at room temperature, and after storage for 90 days at 25 DEG C, the survival rate of paecilomyces lilacinus is more than 80%. The tomato pot experiment and cucumber field test prove that the preparation has remarkable effect on the control of root knot nematodes; at the same time, soil colonization test verify the Paecilomyces lilacinus in the preparation has good colonization condition in soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of biological control, particularly relate to a kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode and application thereof.
Background technology
Plant nematode diseases is to be invaded and parasitogenic disease by plant nematode.Investigation finds that the plant of nematode harm influence or crop have kind more than 3000.Mainly there is grain class crop, such as Semen Tritici aestivi, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Oryza sativa L.;Greengrocery crop, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Capsici, Herba Spinaciae;And other class crops.Plant nematode diseases often has generation and harm serious in China, has expansion, especially continuous cropping crop during occurring area, and root-knot nematode is the most serious.The normal growth promoter of plant is made to be persecuted after nematicide invaded plants, so that yield and Quality Down.Control of nematode is always urgent problem in agricultural production.
At present, conventional nematode control method is mainly chemical agent, pesticide common in market such as avilamycin, fosthiazate, carbosulfan etc..But, chemical prevention can only be the most effective, and peasant household needs periodic administration and brings certain harm to crop and soil, causes a large amount of pesticide residues, affects subsoil water, soil environment and product quality.
Research shows that biological prevention can be accomplished nuisanceless and effectively prevent and treat Plant nematode.Nematophagous fungi is the important biomolecule factor controlling nematode population in nature.At present, biocontrol microorganisms uses more and effect be significantly Paecilomyces lilacinus (Paecilomyces lilacinus), belonging to deuteromycetes, Hyphomycetales, hyphomycete section, paecilomyces, it is distributed widely in all over the world, has the advantages such as effect height, Ji Zhuguang, easy cultivation.
Owing to Paecilomyces lilacinus growth temperature is extensive, 8-38 DEG C can germination and growth, and at high temperature the most dead, so suffering from the impact of preservation condition in actual application, thus greatly limit the exploitation application of Paecilomyces lilacinus.
Existing Paecilomyces lilacinus preparation produces and to add various solvent, stabilizer, auxiliary agent etc. through various processes, and method is complicated, and the interpolation of other auxiliary elements adds production cost, and prevention effect the best.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the defect of above-mentioned existence and provides a kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode and application thereof, said preparation can effectively preserve at 25 DEG C, makes Paecilomyces lilacinus stability in production application limit and has been resolved to a certain extent.The special process such as production operation of the present invention is simple, it is not necessary to embedding, extruding, pelletize;Adding lower-cost weathered coal humic acid and turfy soil simultaneously, make the said preparation holding time be extended at ambient temperature, beneficially scale is promoted;Bacillus subtilis coordinates with Paecilomyces lilacinus can grow preventing and treating Plant nematode the most surely, also has promotion plant growing, improves the several functions such as crop yield.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode of the present invention and application technology scheme thereof be, including following component: Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial agent, conch meal, shrimp shell meal, weathered coal humic acid, turfy soil.
The microorganism formulation of every 100 g preventing and treating plant root-knot nematodes contains:
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: 2-4 g,
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent: 2-4 g,
Conch meal: 2 g,
Shrimp shell meal: 2 g,
Weathered coal humic acid: 50 g,
Turfy soil: 38-42 g.
Described conch meal and shrimp shell meal are 10-60 mesh.
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum is solid powder, and initial living bacteria count, at 80-100 hundred million/g, is prevented and treated in the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode, Paecilomyces lilacinus spore count >=200,000,000/g alive.
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent is solid powder, and initial living bacteria count is at 80-100 hundred million/g.
The application in terms of the growth of suppression Caenorhabditis elegans of the described microorganism formulation.
The application in terms of preventing and treating tomato root-knot eelworm disease of the described microorganism formulation.
The application in terms of preventing and treating Cucumber root-knot nematode disease of the described microorganism formulation.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode of the present invention and application thereof have the beneficial effect that said preparation is by Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, conch meal, shrimp shell meal, weathered coal humic acid, turfy soil mixes, production operation of the present invention is simple, without special process such as embedding, extruding, pelletizes.With the addition of conch meal, shrimp shell meal to induce Paecilomyces lilacinus to produce chitinase, add lower-cost weathered coal humic acid and turfy soil simultaneously, make the said preparation can room temperature preservation, after preserving 90 days at 25 DEG C, Paecilomyces lilacinus survival rate is more than 80%, making Paecilomyces lilacinus margin of stability system in production application have been resolved, beneficially scale is promoted.Bacillus subtilis coordinates with Paecilomyces lilacinus can grow preventing and treating Plant nematode the most surely, also has promotion plant growing, improves the several functions such as crop yield.The present invention demonstrates said preparation by Fructus Lycopersici esculenti pot experiment and Fructus Cucumidis sativi field experiment and has significantly preventing and treating root-knot nematode effect;Meanwhile, surely grow Paecilomyces lilacinus in verification experimental verification said preparation by soil and surely grow all right in soil.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 show the present invention and prevents and treats the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode to Caenorhabditis elegans inhibition comparison diagram;
Fig. 2 show the present invention and prevents and treats the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode to tomato root-knot eelworm inhibition comparison diagram;
Fig. 3 show Paecilomyces lilacinus in microorganism formulation and determines, in soil, the situation of growing.
Detailed description of the invention:
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, describe technical scheme in detail with instantiation below, but the invention is not limited in this.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode of the present invention, including following component: Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial agent, conch meal, shrimp shell meal, weathered coal humic acid, turfy soil.Each composition is all bought by commercial sources, composition used in embodiment:
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: Hubei Qiming Bio Engineering Co., Ltd.,
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent: Hubei Qiming Bio Engineering Co., Ltd.,
Conch meal, shrimp shell meal (10-60 mesh): Hai Zhiyuan feed corporation,Ltd of Haixing County,
Weathered coal humic acid: Shandong Creation Hhumic Acid Science and Technology Co., Ltd,
Turfy soil: Fushun fertile field Gardening Materials company limited.
Embodiment 1
Paecilomyces lilacinus stability test
Take a certain amount of Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum and be divided into 4 parts, be put in respectively 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, in the dry environment of 40 DEG C, timing sampling uses gradient dilution method detection spore survival condition, to primarily determine that the storage temperature of Paecilomyces lilacinus, specifically asks for an interview shown in table 1, table 2.
Table 1 Paecilomyces lilacinus is in the preservation situation of 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C and 35 DEG C
。
Table 2 Paecilomyces lilacinus is the preservation situation of 40 DEG C
。
Tables 1 and 2 result of the test shows, after under the conditions of 25 DEG C, Paecilomyces lilacinus preserves 9 days, Conidia persistence is maintained at more than 75%;Along with the rising of temperature, Conidia persistence reduces;After preserving 24 hours when 40 DEG C, Conidia persistence drops to 73%.Preliminary conclusion is at 25 DEG C, it is possible to making the holding time of Paecilomyces lilacinus extend, high temperature can cause spore death.
Embodiment
2
The preparation of the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode
The preparation present invention prevents and treats each composition of microorganism formulation 100 g of plant root-knot nematode and content is as follows:
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: 2 g,
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent: 2 g,
Conch meal: 2 g,
Shrimp shell meal: 2 g,
Weathered coal humic acid: 50 g,
Kieselguhr: 42 g.
Weigh each composition according to formula, stir after mixing, and seal and preserve.
Embodiment
3
The preparation of the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode
The preparation present invention prevents and treats each composition of microorganism formulation 100 g of plant root-knot nematode and content is as follows:
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: 4 g,
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent: 4 g,
Conch meal: 2 g,
Shrimp shell meal: 2 g,
Weathered coal humic acid: 50 g,
Kieselguhr: 38 g.
Weigh each composition according to formula, stir after mixing, and seal and preserve.
Embodiment
4
The microorganism formulation storage temperature test of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode
The microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode it is respectively prepared according to embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 formula.Take the microorganism formulation of this preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode, be put in respectively 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, in the environment of 35 DEG C, timing sampling uses gradient dilution method detection spore survival condition, is shown in Table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 is prevented and treated the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode and is deposited situation under the conditions of 25 DEG C
。
Table 4 is prevented and treated the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode and is deposited situation under the conditions of 30 DEG C and 35 DEG C
。
By table 3 and table 4 it can be seen that under the conditions of 25 DEG C, the present invention prevents and treats after the microorganism formulation of plant root-knot nematode preserves 90 days, and effective survival rate of spore still can maintain more than 80%.Can preserve respectively about 50-40 days at 30 DEG C to 35 DEG C, Conidia persistence is more than 80%.After illustrating to be processed into preparation, Conidia persistence significantly improves.Therefore, Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: 2-4 g, bacillus subtilis microbial agent: 2-4 g, conch meal: 2 g, shrimp shell meal: 2 g, weathered coal humic acid: 50 g, turfy soil: 38-42 g, the microorganism formulation being prepared as preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode can effectively extend the Paecilomyces lilacinus holding time at ambient temperature.
Embodiment
5
The microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode is to Caenorhabditis elegans inhibition test
Culture of nematodes:
Test use nematicide be model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, it is possible to escherichia coli (Escherichia coli OP50) it is that food carries out growth and breeding.Take appropriate escherichia coli diluent and coat on LB flat board, after 37 DEG C are cultivated 24 h, make bacterium colony cover with flat board.Caenorhabditis elegans is received and covers with on colibacillary LB flat board, after 20 DEG C are cultivated 3-4 days, examine under a microscope its growing state, standby.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN is as follows: matched group uses space management, and experimental group uses the microorganism formulation of the preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode of the present invention.
1. preparing culture medium according to the blending constituent of PDA and LB and make flat board, formula is as follows: tryptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, sodium chloride 10 g/L, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200 g/L, glucose 20 g/L, agar 15 g/L.Take appropriate escherichia coli diluent and coat on mixed culture medium flat board, cultivate 24 h, make bacterium colony cover with flat board for 37 DEG C, standby.
2. matched group is that the flat board covering with bacterium colony is stated in 1 be left intact.
3. test group is the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode of the present invention, weighs in said preparation 10 g to 90 mL sterilized water, and concussion uniformly, takes 20 uL and is added drop-wise to 1 and states the flat board covering with bacterium colony.
4. the method for dropping diluent is uniformly to choose 3 points on the same Radius at the cm of flat board Shang Li center about 2, drips diluent.
6. by each group of flat board 30 DEG C cultivation, group leader to be tested goes out Paecilomyces lilacinus and falls behind, and takes out each group of flat board, and nematicide is inoculated in flat board central authorities.
Pat plate everywhere and be placed at 20 DEG C cultivation 3-4 days.Use microscope to observe and pat the growing state of nematicide on plate everywhere.The culture medium chosen around dropping diluent is taken pictures, and contrasts the different disposal impact on nematode growth.
Interpretation of result:
From Figure of description Fig. 1 it can be seen that matched group flat board nematicide with escherichia coli for food carry out growth and breeding;The microorganism formulation of test group, Paecilomyces lilacinus spore sprouts into bacterium colony on flat board, and nematode growth is suppressed.
It follows that:
The microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode can significantly suppress the growth of nematicide.
Test example
6
The preventing and treating to tomato root nematicide of the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode
The microorganism formulation prevention effect to tomato root-knot eelworm of plant root-knot nematode is prevented and treated: take the serious booth soil of root-knot nematode in flowerpot by the following verification experimental verification present invention, the method spreaded manuer in holes will be used for test preparation when Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is transplanted, impose on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti root, use the retrial of many plant weights to test.Water during test in good time, manage with delicacy.Dig out tomato root after certain time, observe the nematode infection situation of root.Figure of description Fig. 2 can be seen that the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti root of matched group is serious by nematode infection, and root knot quantity is many;Test group is effectively prevented and treated through the process for test preparation, nematode infection, and root is without obvious root knot.
Test example
7
The preventing and treating to Radix Cucumidis sativi nematicide of the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode
Choose the serious booth of root-knot nematode and do the field efficacy contrast test of invention formulation.Each process uses the retrial of many plant weights to test, and spreads manuer in holes before cucumber seedling is transplanted.After processing 30 days and 60 days, the root-knot nematode of investigation plant infects situation.Test totally 3 process, are respectively blank group, and fosthiazate matched group, the present invention prevents and treats the microorganism formulation test group of plant root-knot nematode.
Field experiment result shows: after cucumber seedling is transplanted 30 days, and blank group nematode infection situation is serious, and root knot is obvious;Fosthiazate and this preparation group nematicide are without substantially infecting, and Cucumber root does not has root knot.After 60 days, the blank group Fructus Cucumidis sativi portion of digging up the roots show root knot seriously outside, cucumber plant bottom blade starts jaundice;The Cucumber root of fosthiazate matched group starts to be infected by nematicide, and root knot is obvious;The present invention prevents and treats the microorganism formulation test group of plant root-knot nematode prevention effect compared with matched group and to get well, and Cucumber root is without obvious root knot.It follows that: the control of nematode effect of invention formulation is better than fosthiazate, and anti-nematicide effect duration is longer.
Test example
8
In the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode, Paecilomyces lilacinus grows situation in soil surely
Paecilomyces lilacinus in the microorganism formulation being manured into soil is grown detection surely, and use flat board coating process acquisition purpose bacterial strain determines the situation of growing.
Figure of description Fig. 3 is followed successively by the soil of space management, uses Paecilomyces lilacinus in the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti root soil of invention formulation and Cucumber root soil and surely grow situation.Can be seen that in potted tomato and plastic tent cucumber test, after applying the microorganism formulation that the present invention prevents and treats plant root-knot nematode, Paecilomyces lilacinus can be grown in soil surely, thus plays the effect of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, inhibits the breeding of other harmful fungoids simultaneously.And not using miscellaneous bacteria in the blank soil of said preparation more, probiotics is less, is not separated to Paecilomyces lilacinus.
Claims (8)
1. the microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode, it is characterised in that include following component: Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial agent, conch meal, shrimp shell meal, weathered coal humic acid, turfy soil.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that contain in the microorganism formulation of every 100 g preventing and treating plant root-knot nematodes:
Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum: 2-4 g,
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent: 2-4 g,
Conch meal: 2 g,
Shrimp shell meal: 2 g,
Weathered coal humic acid: 50 g,
Turfy soil: 38-42 g.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described conch meal and shrimp shell meal are 10-60 mesh.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum is solid powder, and initial living bacteria count is at 80-100 hundred million/g, in the microorganism formulation of preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode, Paecilomyces lilacinus spore count >=200,000,000/g alive.
A kind of microorganism formulation preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bacillus subtilis microbial agent is solid powder, and initial living bacteria count is at 80-100 hundred million/g.
6. the microorganism formulation as claimed in claim 1 application in terms of the growth of suppression Caenorhabditis elegans.
7. the microorganism formulation as claimed in claim 1 application in terms of preventing and treating tomato root-knot eelworm disease.
8. the microorganism formulation as claimed in claim 1 application in terms of preventing and treating Cucumber root-knot nematode disease.
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