CN105985710A - Waterborne short-process flashing base coat and coating method thereof - Google Patents
Waterborne short-process flashing base coat and coating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waterborne short-process flashing base coat and a coating method thereof. The waterborne short-process flashing base coat comprises a first waterborne short-process flashing base coat and a second waterborne short-process flashing base coat, wherein the first waterborne short-process flashing base coat comprises a paint component and a curing agent; and the second waterborne short-process flashing base coat is free of the curing agent. The waterborne short-process flashing base coat provided by the invention has the functions of an intermediate coat and a metal base coat, has excellent decorativeness, weather resistance, stone chip resistance and surface smoothness, and has strong adhesion force with an electrophoretic base coat layer. The coating process for the base coat provided by the invention only comprises one-time high-temperature drying process and has low energy consumption, so production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coating, be specifically related to a kind of aqueous short processes basecoat and coating process thereof.
Background technology
At present, Car Body Painting main flow is three coating systems both at home and abroad, i.e. application ability cathode electrophoresis enamelled coating (also referred to as electrophoretic primer layer), floating coating layer and top coat layer successively on the body material of automobile, top coat layer is the most from inside to outside divided into base color paint layer (also referred to as background color enamelled coating) and Lacquer finish enamelled coating (also referred to as clearcoat layer or layer of varnish).For meeting the strictest VOC (VOC) emission regulation demands, American-European-Japanese developed country has started to use water paint to meet the requirement of VOC emission.
Owing to water paint is different from traditional solvent based coating to construction process requirement, not only material cost is high, and equipment investment and power consumption are also greatly improved, and cause painting cost to improve.In order to digest cost and the energy consumption that application water paint increases, the Double bottom color coating process 2C1B(wherein 2C exempting from middle painting can be applied to refer to carry out successively spraying water-borne base coat and the operation of varnish, 1B is to instigate the operation together dried the water-borne base coat sprayed and varnish), owing to decreasing the application of floating coating layer, significantly reduce equipment investment, enhance energy-saving and emission-reduction, decrease technique usable floor area and production run cost.And the floating coat that above-mentioned coating process is saved is a very important coating, floating coat is possible not only to fill up defect or the impression on electrophoretic primer layer surface, increase the adhesive force between base coat and electrophoretic primer layer, and there is preferable anti-stoning energy, profile pattern and weatherability.If changed without other, after simple cancellation floating coat, ultraviolet can shine directly on electrophoretic primer layer through after top coat layer, and makes conventional electrophoretic paint produce photooxidation decomposition and efflorescence, cause electrophoretic paint to reduce with the adhesion of finish paint, ultimately result in top coat layer be full of cracks and peel off.
Therefore when middle painting 2C1B technique is exempted from employing, used water-borne base coat needs to include that the anti-stone that floating coating is had hits, ultraviolet resistance irradiates, electrophoretic paint surface is filled, increase finish paint surface saturation and increase the functions such as adhesive force, and requires that the characteristics such as the weatherability of base coat, dicoration and mechanical strength all should be good.
Chinese patent literature CN 101203330A(application number
200680022141.7) disclosing a kind of method for manufacturing laminated coating, it includes continuous print step: be applied to the coating of 8～20 μ m-thick from water-based paint compositions A to have on the base material of EDC primer；By the priming coat from water-based paint compositions B with 5～10 μm, less than its black/white opacity, thickness be applied in aforementioned applied coating；Clear coat is applied on described priming coat；Co-curing three described coatings.
Wherein coating composition A and B is different from each other, and described coating composition A has the pigment composition of 0.2: 1～0.5: 1 and the weight ratio of resin solid.It is 15～30 μm by total coating layer thickness of the duplex coating manufactured by coating composition A and B.The resin solid of coating composition A comprises polyurethane resin and/or is cross-linking by the formation of urethane groups.Described coating composition B is characterised by that the UV transmission amount corresponding to being more than 0.1% in 280～380nm wave-length coverages and/or the UV light in the 380～400nm wave-length coverages UV transmission amount more than 0.5% can penetrate bi-layer coating structure, the layer of 10 μ m-thick that the mixture that this bi-layer coating structure is produced by the resin solids ratio of the weight ratio with the coating composition B of 1.5 weight portions and 1 weight portion trimerization hexamethylene diisocyanate-polyisocyanates is applied, and the layer of 5 μ m-thick applied by coating composition B self forms.
This patent documentation problem to be solved is the problem of the highest UV transmission amount and the long-term infringement sufficiently preventing from arriving the UV light of EDC primer, and the function how automobile finish layer being had concurrently to floating coat is not described.
Chinese patent literature CN 101151103 B(application number
2006800110456.X) also disclose that a kind of method preparing the laminated coating without primer surfacer, by in 10 to 35 μ m-thick primer-layer-coated to the substrate with EDC primer, by clearcoat application on described priming coat, make described priming coat and clear coat co-curing；Wherein said priming coat divides ground floor and second layer coating, and described ground floor includes the modified water-soluble priming coat that the blending ingredients of unmodified aqueous primer and coloring is mixed with, and the second layer includes unmodified water-borne base coat.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide in a kind of use can play floating coat and the aqueous short processes basecoat for painting dressing automobiles of base color paint layer effect and coating process thereof.Due to use the present invention basecoat time need not use midway paint, coating process decreases the application of floating coating layer, decreasing step compared to traditional handicraft, be therefore referred to as short processes coating process in invention, the coating used by application is referred to as aqueous short processes basecoat.
The technical scheme realizing an object of the present disclosure is a kind of aqueous short processes basecoat, including first aqueous short processes basecoat and second aqueous short processes basecoat.
First aqueous short processes basecoat includes that the mass ratio of paint component and firming agent, paint component and firming agent is (10～30): 1；Paint component is made up of the component of following weight portion: waterborne polyester modification resin 10～40 parts, waterborne polyurethane resin 10～40 parts, deionized water 40～60 parts, dispersant 1～5 parts, defoamer 0.1～6 parts, titanium dioxide 5～35 parts, carbon black 0.1～3 parts, calcium carbonate 1～20 parts, effect pigment 0.1～10 parts, pH adjusting agent 0.1～3 parts, light stabilizer 0.1～5 parts, wetting agent 0.5～2 parts, levelling agent 0.1～2 parts, cosolvent 0.1～5 parts, thickening agent 0.1～2 parts.
Second aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: polyester modification resin 30～40 parts, effect pigment 0.1～10 parts, organic pigment or inorganic pigment 2～10 parts, dispersant 0.1～2 parts, cosolvent 1～10 parts, pH adjusting agent 0.1～3 parts, thickening agent 0.1～8 parts, deionized water 35～60 parts.
The firming agent of above-mentioned first aqueous short processes basecoat includes hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates, and the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is (3～1): (1～3).
Waterborne polyester modification resin in above-mentioned first aqueous short processes basecoat is waterborne epoxy modified polyester resin, water-borne acrylic acid modified polyester resin or waterborne polyurethane modified polyester resin.
Levelling agent in the paint component of above-mentioned first aqueous short processes basecoat includes that levelling agent A and levelling agent B, levelling agent A are fluorine richness polyacrylate, and levelling agent B is polyether modified siloxane, and the mass ratio of levelling agent A and levelling agent B is 1: 4～6.
Cosolvent in above-mentioned second aqueous short processes basecoat includes that cosolvent A and cosolvent B, cosolvent A are butyl glycol ether, and cosolvent B is isopropanol.
The technical scheme realizing the present invention the second purpose is the coating process of above-mentioned aqueous short processes basecoat, comprises the following steps:
1. treat that the paint front surface of application automobile workpiece processes.
2. the workpiece after processing step 1. surface carries out electrophoretic painting, and surface of the work covers electrophoretic paint layer.
3. spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat；The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is mixed homogeneously with firming agent, is then sprayed on electrophoretic paint layer, room temperature levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtain first aqueous short processes basecoat layer.
First aqueous short processes basecoat layer sprays second aqueous short processes basecoat, room temperature levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtains second aqueous short processes basecoat layer；5～8 minutes predrainages at 80 DEG C, until taking off the moisture of more than 85% in first and second aqueous short processes basecoat.
4. spraying coating varnish, be sprayed on by coating varnish on second aqueous short processes basecoat layer, levelling, after 8 to 10 minutes, obtains clearcoat layer；The application of workpiece has been dried at 60 DEG C～140 DEG C.
Above-mentioned steps is 1. described treats that application automobile workpiece includes automotive metal piece and automobile non-metal parts；
When, when application automobile workpiece is automotive metal piece, the surface to automotive metal piece carries out ungrease treatment when 1. step paints front surface process, reach the state that moisture film is continuous and turns linked to, then metalwork surface is carried out bonderizing rear electrophoresis surface.
When, when application automobile workpiece is automobile non-metal parts, automobile non-metal parts includes the workpiece that HIPS, PC, PP, ABS, PVC, SMC material are made；For the automobile non-metal parts of ABS, PVC, SMC material, the oil and the releasing agent that remove surface complete to paint front surface and process；For the automobile non-metal parts of PP material, plasma, flame, electrostatic or method of chemical treatment is used to change the polarity on nonmetal parts surface；For the automobile non-metal parts of HIPS material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and process；For the automobile non-metal parts of PC material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and process.
When, when application automobile workpiece is automobile non-metal parts, painting direct spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat after front surface is disposed.
As preferably, when being only automotive metal piece until application automobile workpiece, 4. step has dried the application of workpiece at 90 DEG C～140 DEG C.
As preferably, when including automobile non-metal parts until application automobile workpiece, 4. step has dried the application of workpiece at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C.
The thickness of above-mentioned steps 3. first aqueous short processes basecoat layer is 5 μm～35 μm；The thickness of second aqueous short processes basecoat layer is 5 μm～25 μm；4. step obtains the thickness of clearcoat layer is 25 μm～60 μm.
The present invention has positive effect: the aqueous short processes basecoat of (1) present invention has floating coat paint and the function of metal bottom colored paint concurrently, have excellence dicoration, weatherability, anti-stoning, profile pattern, and and electrophoretic primer layer between adhesive force strong.
(2) when the roughness of ground and electrodeposited paint film surface controls in 0.2 μm～0.35 μm, use the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention, when using two coating process, the painting effect of aqueous short processes basecoat+coating varnish can reach the painting effect of non-aqueous short processes basecoat+coating varnish；Use two coatings (water-borne base coat, coating varnish) technique can reach the effect of three coatings (middle painting, water-borne base coat, coating varnish) coating process simultaneously.
(3) after the paint component of the first aqueous short processes basecoat of the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention and firming agent mixing, the soak time of coating has 3 hours, when carrying out application, after can paint paint component being mixed with firming agent, completed to spray in 3 hours.And after paint component is mixed by the aqueous short processes coating of Beyer Co., Ltd with firming agent, soak time only 0.5 hour, therefore it needs special spray gun that paint component and firming agent carry out premixing when using, and then completes spraying in 0.5 hour.
(4) component of the first aqueous short processes basecoat of the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention the most just can crosslink reaction and solidify, it is not necessary to after predrainage, at 140 DEG C, baking just crosslinks reaction.Therefore the coating process of the base coat of the present invention for once high temperature drying course, coating process energy consumption is low, reduces production cost.
Further, the temperature of the high temperature drying course of the coating process of the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention is only about 80 DEG C, this temperature is less than the heat distortion temperature of working of plastics on automobile, so that the metalwork of automobile and working of plastics can use identical base coat, application can be completed on same spraying coating line, on the one hand reduce metalwork and the aberration of working of plastics, on the other hand also save the up-front investment of spraying coating line.
Further, before the aqueous short processes basecoat of the spraying present invention, automotive metal piece can be sprayed together with after nonmetal parts combination, save spray time, reduce aberration.
(5) in the first aqueous short processes basecoat of the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention and second aqueous short processes basecoat all contains effect pigment；On the one hand making finally to obtain the uv blocking excellent performance of coating, the flash of light performance of the most final acquisition coating is more preferably.
Detailed description of the invention
(embodiment 1, aqueous short processes basecoat)
The aqueous short processes basecoat of the present embodiment includes first aqueous short processes basecoat and second aqueous short processes basecoat.
First aqueous short processes basecoat includes paint component and firming agent, and paint component is the dispersed system of pulpous state.Paint component is (10～30) with the weight ratio of firming agent: 1.
Wherein paint component is made up of the component of following weight portion: waterborne polyester modification resin 20 parts, waterborne polyurethane resin 18 parts, deionized water 45 parts, dispersant 2.7 parts, defoamer 0.8 part, titanium dioxide 10.8 parts, carbon black 0.5 part, 4.2 parts of barium sulfate, effect pigment 4 parts, pH adjusting agent 3 parts, light stabilizer 2 parts, wetting agent 0.5 part, levelling agent A 1 part, levelling agent B 0.2 part, cosolvent 5 parts, thickening agent 1.2 parts.
Described waterborne polyester modification resin is waterborne epoxy modified polyester resin, water-borne acrylic acid modified polyester resin or waterborne polyurethane modified polyester resin.Waterborne polyester modification resin used by the present embodiment be the commercial disignation of U.S.'s cyanogen spy's Company be Resydrol
The emulsion form acrylic acid modified polyester resin of VAY5536W/35WA.
Described waterborne polyurethane resin is through epoxy, acrylic acid or organic-silicon-modified polyurethane resin, and the present embodiment is epoxy modified polyurethane resin, and the commercial disignation deriving from U.S.'s cyanogen spy's Company is Resydrol
The emulsion form epoxy modified polyurethane resin of AZ6608W/43WA, as the main base material of short processes basecoat, it has weatherability, gloss retention and the resistance to chalking of excellence.Polyurethane resin contains differential responses active group, these groups with stronger attachment activity can drive the various gas molecules and hydrone adsorbed in the micropore on electrophoretic primer layer, and occupy micropore, by the effect of Van der Waals force, electrophoretic primer layer there is is stronger adhesive force.
Described dispersant is the high molecular weight block copolymer containing pigment affinity groups, derives from the wetting dispersing agent that commercial disignation is Byk-190 or Byk-192 that Bi Ke chemical company of Germany sells；This dispersant makes granules of pigments dispersed, prevents sedimentation and the cohesion of granules of pigments simultaneously.
Described defoamer is modified organic silicon, and defoamer used in the present embodiment is the defoamer that commercial disignation is Byk-028 that Bi Ke chemical company of Germany sells.
The particle diameter of described titanium dioxide is 0.05 μm～10 μm, and the particle diameter of carbon black is 0.005 μm～0.1 μm.
Described calcium carbonate is the calcium carbonate more than 2500 mesh.
Effect pigment is aluminium powder or pearl essence, used by the present embodiment be particle diameter be the aluminium powder of 5～35nm.
Described pH adjusting agent is dimethyl diethanolamine, and the pH adjusting agent used by the present embodiment is purchased from Taminco company.
Described light stabilizer is to include UV absorbers and the auxiliary agent of two kinds of effective ingredient of hindered amine light stabilizer, and the energy of ultraviolet can be converted to heat energy, further increase the weatherability of coating by light stabilizer.It is TINUVIN292 or the light stabilizer of micro-yellow liquor shape of TINUVIN1130, TINUVIN384 that light stabilizer can be selected for the commercial disignation of Switzerland's Ciba sale, the light stabilizer that the present embodiment selects commercial disignation to be TINUVIN292 and TINUVIN384.
It addition, the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present invention is in use, it usually needs cover one layer of varnish outside this enamelled coating again, the varnish covered also adds this light stabilization aid and plays the destruction of minimizing ultraviolet.Its mechanism is as follows:
The mechanism of action following formula of the UV absorbers in light stabilization aid represents: A
A·
A·A
+ heat
Overall reaction: radiationHeat
A in above formula represents UV absorbers, and symbol " " represents free radical, and A means that the UV absorbers with free radical.
The mechanism of action following formula of the hindered amine light stabilizer in light stabilization aid represents:
P
P·
P·+B
P+ B·
B·B+
Heat
Overall reaction: radiationHeat
Symbol P in above formula then represents polymer, and P represents the polymer with free radical, and B represents that hindered amine light stabilizer, B represent the hindered amine light stabilizer with free radical.
The water-borne base coat of the present invention coordinates electrophoretic primer and varnish after metalwork, UV absorbers in layer of varnish can only absorb some ultra violet rays and is translated into the less heat of injury and discharges, therefore remaining ultraviolet can penetrate layer of varnish, causing the resin in whole coating to degrade and produce a large amount of free group, the resin macromole of polymerization can be produced and destroy by the existence of these free groups；And hindered amine light stabilizer, as a kind of radical scavenger, the free group that resin is produced by destructions such as illumination can be captured, be substantially reduced destructiveness.
Described wetting agent is acrylate, and the wetting agent used by the present embodiment is Additol vxw390.
Described levelling agent A is fluorine richness polyacrylate, and the levelling agent A used by the present embodiment is the levelling agent that commercial disignation is Byk-358 that Bi Ke chemical company of Germany sells.
Described levelling agent B is polyether modified siloxane, and the levelling agent B used by the present embodiment is the levelling agent that commercial disignation is Byk-349 that Bi Ke chemical company of Germany sells.Levelling agent improves base coat levelability on electrophoretic coating, adds its permeability on electrophoretic coating surface, thus carries base coat adhesive force, and this levelling agent its there is excellent wettability, good levelability, and do not affect its reunion property again.
Described cosolvent is commercially pure alcohols, ethers or alcohol ether solvent, such as a kind of organic solvent (such as n-butyl alcohol) in the various organic solvents such as ethylene glycol, isobutanol, n-butyl alcohol, butanediol, butyl ether, butyl glycol ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, or the mixed organic solvents system that two kinds, three kinds or four kinds of organic solvents in above-mentioned various organic solvent is formed.The mixed organic solvents system that the present embodiment is isobutanol, butanediol and dipropylene glycol methyl ether are formed, the weight ratio of three is 1: 1: 3.
Described thickening agent is polyurethanes, and the thickening agent used by the present embodiment is Additol vxw6388.
Described firming agent includes hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates, and the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is (3～1): (1～3)；Hydrophilic isocyanate used by the present embodiment is the hydrophilic isocyanate that commercial disignation is Easaqua XL600 of Perstorp company；The used hydrophobicity isocyanates that the commercial disignation that hydrophobicity isocyanates is Perstorp company is Tolonate HOT-LV.In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is 1: 3.
In firming agent, NCO content is 11wt%～23wt%, with polyurethane resin crosslinking curing film forming, hard, soft chain segment rational proportion in this system, under ensureing hardness of paint film, has the pliability of excellence, and well-tolerated stone hits energy, adds anti-stoning；Simultaneously containing stronger polar group in this cross-linking agent, they can form stronger adhesion with electrophoresis layer surface polar groups；The most closely knit macromolecular network structure can be formed, combination property can be made more excellent, and have the weatherability of excellence.
When carrying out the application of first aqueous short processes basecoat, obtaining coating after paint component being mixed with firming agent to re-use, the soak time of coating has 3 hours, when therefore carrying out application, after can paint paint component being mixed with firming agent, completed to spray in 3 hours.And the aqueous of Beyer Co., Ltd is exempted from after paint component mixes by middle painting coating with firming agent, soak time only 0.5 hour, therefore it needs special spray gun that paint component and firming agent carry out premixing when using, and then completes spraying in 0.5 hour.
Second aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: polyester modification resin 35 parts, organic pigment or inorganic pigment 8 parts, effect pigment 4 parts, dispersant 0.5 part, cosolvent A 0.6 part, cosolvent B
1.6 parts, pH adjusting agent 3 parts, thickening agent 7.2 parts, deionized water 47.1 parts.Second aqueous short processes basecoat completes the application appearance of aqueous short processes basecoat.
Wherein polyester modification resin is waterborne polyester modification resin, identical with first aqueous short processes basecoat.
Organic pigment is that phthalocyanine color, azo be red or yellow uitramarine, quinacridine ketone, be, diazine is purple, one or more the mixture feared in quinones, thioindigo class, isoindolenone pigments；Inorganic pigment is one or more the mixture in iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red, molybdate red, ultramarine, white carbon black, titanium dioxide.
Effect pigment is aluminium powder or pearl essence, used by the present embodiment be particle diameter be the aluminium powder of 5～35nm.
Dispersant is identical with the dispersant in first aqueous short processes basecoat.
Cosolvent A is butyl glycol ether, and cosolvent B is propylene glycol monomethyl ether。
PH adjusting agent is identical with the pH adjusting agent in first aqueous short processes basecoat.
Thickening agent is identical with the thickening agent in first aqueous short processes basecoat.
(embodiment 2, the coating process of aqueous short processes basecoat)
When using the aqueous short processes basecoat described in embodiment 1 that automotive metal piece is carried out application, comprise the following steps:
1. paint front surface processes, and the surface of automotive metal piece is carried out ungrease treatment, reaches the state that moisture film is continuous and turns linked to, then metalwork surface carries out bonderizing, and control flume liquid temp 35 DEG C sprays 2 minutes.
2. ability cathode electrophoresis, the workpiece after surface preparation dodges dry in 2 minutes at 160 DEG C, then carries out electrophoretic painting, carries out controlling during ability cathode electrophoresis tank liquor temperature 28 DEG C, 2 minutes time, voltage 220V, and electrophoretic painting terminates rear metalwork surface and covers electrophoretic paint layer.
3. spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat；The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is mixed homogeneously with firming agent, is then sprayed on electrophoretic paint layer, levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtain the first aqueous short processes basecoat layer of 5 μm～25 μ m thick；First aqueous short processes basecoat layer sprays second aqueous short processes basecoat, levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtains the second aqueous short processes basecoat layer of 5 μm～25 μ m thick；Predrainage at 80 DEG C, until taking off the moisture of more than 85% in first and second aqueous short processes basecoat.
During spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat, every square meter solvent flashing 1～10g/m2。
During spraying second aqueous short processes basecoat, every square meter solvent flashing 1～10
g/m2。
4. spraying coating varnish, be sprayed on by coating varnish on second aqueous short processes basecoat layer, levelling, after 8 to 10 minutes, obtains clearcoat layer.The application of automotive metal piece has been dried at 80 DEG C～140 DEG C.Coating varnish used is the acroleic acid polyurethane coating varnish sold on market..The thickness of clearcoat layer is 25 μm～50 μm.
The coating process of the present invention for once high temperature drying course, and the spraying coating process of three coatings also includes the high temperature stoving process of a floating coat, therefore the coating process energy consumption of the present invention is low, reduces production cost.
At high temperature toasting in view of metalwork and will not deform, only have metalwork in the present embodiment, step is the most preferably dried at 90 DEG C～140 DEG C.If metalwork and nonmetal parts are together dried, then arrange drying temperature at 80 DEG C, less than the heat distortion temperature of nonmetal parts.
Aqueous short processes basecoat used by the present embodiment can reach the painting effect of solvent-borne type short processes basecoat, detection mode according to standard GB/T/T13492-92 defined, aqueous short processes basecoat is coated with appropriate, it is overlying on according to above-mentioned spraying method on the steelwork spraying electrophoretic primer layer, detects again after drying；Testing result reaches gloss (Gloss
20 °) >=90GU, anti-stoning energy≤2 grade, temperature tolerance 240 hours≤1 grade, salt fog resistance: 240 hours, is coated with face unchanged, and secondary mechanical performance is unchanged, by standard GB/T/T1865-2009 artificial ageing: 1500 hours, grading is 0 by standard GB/T/T1766-2008 composite rating；It is qualified to be considered as.
Effect pigment loss in the second aqueous short processes basecoat layer of the workpiece obtained after spraying the present embodiment is tested, simulate carwash and the Exposure to Sunlight time of 5 years, the friction total time of brush for car and lacquer painting in first calculating 1 year according to the carwash frequency of a year and each car-cleaning time, the time calculated in the surface of the work friction gauge that step 4. application obtains with brush for vehicle wash, then the surface of the work applying light of 1 year that friction terminates for the first time is illuminated, repeat the above steps 4 times, the content of the effect pigment in the second aqueous short processes basecoat layer of detection workpiece, find the lossless of effect pigment in second aqueous short processes basecoat layer.
(embodiment 3, the coating process of aqueous short processes basecoat)
The present embodiment uses the aqueous short processes basecoat described in embodiment 1 that automobile non-metal parts is carried out application, and automobile non-metal parts includes the workpiece that the materials such as HIPS, PC, PP, ABS, PVC, SMC are made.
Comprise the following steps during application:
1. paint front surface processes, and for the automobile non-metal parts of ABS, PVC, SMC material, the oil and the releasing agent that remove surface i.e. complete to paint front surface and process.
For the automobile non-metal parts of PP material, plasma, flame, electrostatic or method of chemical treatment is used to change the polarity on nonmetal parts surface.
For the automobile non-metal parts of HIPS material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and processed paint front surface process.
For the automobile non-metal parts of PC material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and processed paint front surface process.
2. spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat；The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is mixed homogeneously with firming agent, is then sprayed on required nonmetal parts surface, levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtain the first aqueous short processes basecoat layer of 5 μm～35 μ m thick；First aqueous short processes basecoat layer sprays second aqueous short processes basecoat, levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtains the second aqueous short processes basecoat layer of 5 μm～25 μ m thick；Predrainage at 80 DEG C, until taking off the moisture of more than 85% in first and second aqueous short processes basecoat.
During spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat, every square meter solvent flashing 1～10g/m2。
During spraying second aqueous short processes basecoat, every square meter solvent flashing 1～10g/m2。
3. spraying coating varnish, be sprayed on by coating varnish on second aqueous short processes basecoat layer, levelling, after 8 to 10 minutes, has dried the application of automobile non-metal parts at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C.Coating varnish used is the acroleic acid polyurethane coating varnish sold on market.The thickness of clearcoat layer is 25 μm～45 μm.
The temperature of the high temperature drying course of the coating process of the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present embodiment is only less than 80 DEG C, this temperature is less than the heat distortion temperature of working of plastics on automobile, so that the metalwork of automobile and working of plastics can use identical base coat, application can be completed on same spraying coating line, on the one hand reduce metalwork and the aberration of working of plastics, on the other hand also save the up-front investment of spraying coating line.
Further, before the aqueous short processes basecoat of the spraying present invention, automotive metal piece can be sprayed together with after nonmetal parts assembling, save spray time, reduce aberration.
(embodiment 4, aqueous short processes basecoat)
The remainder of the short processes basecoat of the present embodiment is same as in Example 1, and difference is that its each component and number by weight are as follows:
The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: waterborne polyester modification resin 35 parts, waterborne polyurethane resin 20 parts, deionized water 55 parts, dispersant 1.5 parts, defoamer 3 parts, titanium dioxide 15 parts, carbon black 0.5 part, calcium carbonate 15 parts, effect pigment 2 parts, pH adjusting agent 1 part, light stabilizer 2 parts, wetting agent 1 part, levelling agent A 0.5 part, levelling agent B
0.5 part, cosolvent 1.5 parts, thickening agent 1.5 parts.
In firming agent, the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is 3: 2.
Second aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: polyester modification resin 40 parts, effect pigment 8 parts, organic pigment 10 parts, dispersant 1.5 parts, cosolvent A 2 parts, cosolvent B 2 parts, pH adjusting agent 2 parts, thickening agent 4 parts, deionized water 60 parts.
After the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present embodiment is carried out application according to the method for embodiment 2 to metalwork, detection mode according to standard GB/T/T13492-92 defined, testing result reaches gloss (Gloss 20 °) >=90GU, anti-stoning energy≤2 grade, temperature tolerance 240 hours≤1 grade, salt fog resistance: 240 hours, painting face is unchanged, secondary mechanical performance is unchanged, artificial ageing: 1500 hours, and composite rating is 0；It is qualified to be considered as.
(embodiment 5, aqueous short processes basecoat)
The remainder of the short processes basecoat of the present embodiment is same as in Example 1, and difference is that its each component and number by weight are as follows:
The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: waterborne polyester modification resin 35 parts, waterborne polyurethane resin 30 parts, deionized water 60 parts, dispersant 1 part, defoamer 5 parts, titanium dioxide 30 parts, carbon black 3 parts, calcium carbonate 15 parts, effect pigment 0.5 part, pH adjusting agent 2.5 parts, light stabilizer 4 parts, wetting agent 1.5 parts, levelling agent A 0.5 part, levelling agent B
0.5 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, thickening agent 2 parts.
In firming agent, the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is 3: 1.
Second aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: polyester modification resin 30 parts, effect pigment 5 parts, inorganic pigment 8 parts, dispersant 2 parts, cosolvent A 2 parts, cosolvent B 2 parts, pH adjusting agent 2 parts, thickening agent 6 parts, deionized water 50 parts.
After the aqueous short processes basecoat of the present embodiment is carried out application according to the method for embodiment 2 to metalwork, detection mode according to standard GB/T/T13492-92 defined, testing result reaches gloss (Gloss 20 °) >=90GU, anti-stoning energy≤2 grade, temperature tolerance 240 hours≤1 grade, salt fog resistance: 240 hours, painting face is unchanged, secondary mechanical performance is unchanged, artificial ageing: 1500 hours, and composite rating is 0；It is qualified to be considered as.
Claims (9)
1. an aqueous short processes basecoat, it is characterised in that: include first aqueous short processes basecoat and second aqueous short processes basecoat；
First aqueous short processes basecoat includes that the mass ratio of paint component and firming agent, paint component and firming agent is (10～30): 1；Paint component is made up of the component of following weight portion: waterborne polyester modification resin 10～40 parts, waterborne polyurethane resin 10～40 parts, deionized water 40～60 parts, dispersant 1～5 parts, defoamer 0.1～6 parts, titanium dioxide 5～35 parts, carbon black 0.1～3 parts, calcium carbonate 1～20 parts, effect pigment 0.1～10 parts, pH adjusting agent 0.1～3 parts, light stabilizer 0.1～5 parts, wetting agent 0.5～2 parts, levelling agent 0.1～2 parts, cosolvent 0.1～5 parts, thickening agent 0.1～2 parts；
Second aqueous short processes basecoat is made up of the component of following weight portion: polyester modification resin 30～40 parts, effect pigment 0.1～10 parts, organic pigment or inorganic pigment 2～10 parts, dispersant 0.1～2 parts, cosolvent 1～10 parts, pH adjusting agent 0.1～3 parts, thickening agent 0.1～8 parts, deionized water 35～60 parts.
Aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the firming agent of first aqueous short processes basecoat includes hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates, the mass ratio of hydrophilic isocyanate and hydrophobicity isocyanates is (3～1): (1～3).
Aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waterborne polyester modification resin in first aqueous short processes basecoat is waterborne epoxy modified polyester resin, water-borne acrylic acid modified polyester resin or waterborne polyurethane modified polyester resin.
Aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the levelling agent in the paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat includes levelling agent A and levelling agent B, levelling agent A is fluorine richness polyacrylate, levelling agent B is polyether modified siloxane, and the mass ratio of levelling agent A and levelling agent B is 1: 4～6.
Aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cosolvent in second aqueous short processes basecoat includes that cosolvent A and cosolvent B, cosolvent A are butyl glycol ether, and cosolvent B is isopropanol.
6. the coating process of the aqueous short processes basecoat as described in one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1. treat that the paint front surface of application automobile workpiece processes；
2. the workpiece after processing step 1. surface carries out electrophoretic painting, and surface of the work covers electrophoretic paint layer；
3. spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat；The paint component of first aqueous short processes basecoat is mixed homogeneously with firming agent, is then sprayed on electrophoretic paint layer, room temperature levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtain first aqueous short processes basecoat layer；
First aqueous short processes basecoat layer sprays second aqueous short processes basecoat, room temperature levelling 2～after 3 minutes, obtains second aqueous short processes basecoat layer；5～8 minutes predrainages at 80 DEG C, until taking off the moisture of more than 85% in first and second aqueous short processes basecoat；
4. spraying coating varnish, be sprayed on by coating varnish on second aqueous short processes basecoat layer, levelling, after 8 to 10 minutes, obtains clearcoat layer；The application of workpiece has been dried at 60 DEG C～140 DEG C.
The coating process of aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: step is 1. described treats that application automobile workpiece includes automotive metal piece and automobile non-metal parts；
When, when application automobile workpiece is automotive metal piece, the surface to automotive metal piece carries out ungrease treatment when 1. step paints front surface process, reach the state that moisture film is continuous and turns linked to, then metalwork surface is carried out bonderizing rear electrophoresis surface；
When, when application automobile workpiece is automobile non-metal parts, automobile non-metal parts includes the workpiece that HIPS, PC, PP, ABS, PVC, SMC material are made；For the automobile non-metal parts of ABS, PVC, SMC material, the oil and the releasing agent that remove surface complete to paint front surface and process；For the automobile non-metal parts of PP material, plasma, flame, electrostatic or method of chemical treatment is used to change the polarity on nonmetal parts surface；For the automobile non-metal parts of HIPS material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and process；For the automobile non-metal parts of PC material, use isopropanol or ethanol surface to complete to paint front surface and process.
The coating process of aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when, when application automobile workpiece is automobile non-metal parts, painting direct spraying first aqueous short processes basecoat after front surface is disposed.
The coating process of aqueous short processes basecoat the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the thickness of step 3. first aqueous short processes basecoat layer is 5 μm～35 μm；The thickness of second aqueous short processes basecoat layer is 5 μm～25 μm；4. step obtains the thickness of clearcoat layer is 25 μm～60 μm.
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| CN115785330A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-14 | 常州市武进晨光金属涂料有限公司 | Acrylic acid aqueous dispersion and application thereof |
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