CN105985510A - 一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,由下列重量份的原料制成:纳米银1.2‑1.5、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯3‑4、癸二酸1.2‑1.5、钛酸四丁酯6‑7、多孔陶瓷球100‑105、水玻璃100、Span‑80适量、Tween‑80适量、1mol/L氨水适量、丙酮适量、乙醇适量、聚醚多元醇DSU‑365 90‑94、三乙醇胺0.5‑0.54、水15‑16、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.75‑0.9、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100‑110。本发明通过使用纳米银、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、癸二酸、钛酸四丁酯,使得聚氨酯泡沫具有优异的抗菌性,还提高了抗老化性和防水性,延长了聚氨酯泡沫的使用时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温墙板技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚苯乙烯板是一种常见的建筑用保温材料。其密度低,力学强度好、耐腐蚀、防水、容易分割施工,但是它的导热系数相对较高(k≈0.042W/m·K)。硅气凝胶的纳米多孔结构及其超轻、超绝热、极强的紫外吸收、红外反射等特性极大的限制了热传递过程的热传导和热对流。以SiO2气凝胶/聚苯乙烯型复合结构可以进一步降低EPS保温板的导热系数,在不影响EPS板力学性能的条件下提高EPS保温板的阻燃性能。与此同时,二者复合能够有效弥补硅气凝胶在实际应用中结构强度低、亲水的缺点,同时降低导热系数,改善其阻燃性能。《SiO2气凝胶核/聚苯乙烯壳复合阻燃保温板实验研究》采用热压浸渍方法将发泡剂浸入复合珠粒,从而得到发泡型的SiO2气凝胶核/聚苯乙烯壳型复合珠粒,同时用蒸汽发泡法研究其发泡制作工艺。
但是该方法得到的保温材料因为SiO2气凝胶容易破碎而保温性能不能持续稳定。同时该保温材料的韧性、耐热性、耐水性、发热性、防静电性、防霉性、抗菌性、强度、回弹性、抗老化性、耐腐蚀性都有待提高。聚氨酯泡沫具有优异的保温性能,但是不如SiO2气凝胶保温性好,但是阻燃性不好。
《全水发泡聚氨酯硬泡的制备及其阻燃性能的研究》一文制备出了阻燃和力学性能优异的聚氨酯泡沫,但是保温性能还是不能满足科学发展的需要。
如果将SiO2气凝胶与聚氨酯泡沫结合,能够提高聚氨酯泡沫的保温性和阻燃性,但是直接复合,SiO2气凝胶容易破碎,保温效果容易消失,需要进一步改进。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,由下列重量份的原料制成:纳米银1.2-1.5、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯3-4、癸二酸1.2-1.5、钛酸四丁酯6-7、多孔陶瓷球100-105、水玻璃100、Span-80适量、Tween-80适量、1mol/L氨水适量、丙酮适量、乙醇适量、聚醚多元醇DSU-365 90-94、三乙醇胺0.5-0.54、水15-16、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.75-0.9、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100-110。
所述抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按体积比VSpan-80:VTween-80=1:4配比得到混合液体,将水玻璃与所述混合液体按体积比1:10混合均匀,在400r/min下搅拌30min,然后滴加1mol/L的氨水调节pH值至6-7;加入多孔陶瓷微球、纳米银、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯,搅拌10-15min,用丙酮洗涤2-3次,静置后除去上层清液,得到混合物料;
(2)将第(1)步得到的混合物料加入2-2.5倍体积的乙醇搅拌均匀,陈化48h,过滤得到滤料,再将滤料浸泡在2-2.5倍体积的正己烷中,过滤,将滤料在45-46℃下恒温干燥,得到改性多孔陶瓷微球;
(3)将改性多孔陶瓷微球放入反应容器中,加入聚醚多元醇DSU-365、三乙醇胺、水和二月桂酸二丁基锡,在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合,再加入其他剩余成分,然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌9-11s,倒入模具中,在室温下静止发泡,待反应完毕后在69-70℃温度下熟化29-31min,再在室温下存放70-72h后,即得;
所述模具的上表面设置有陶瓷板,下表面设置有4-6毫米的硅酸钙板。
所述二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,所述的多孔陶瓷球的气孔率为65-80%,孔径为100-500μm。
本发明的优点是:本发明使用水玻璃制备二氧化硅气凝胶,使气凝胶填充在多孔陶瓷球的孔中,再与聚氨酯泡沫反应,使得气凝胶微球被完全包裹起来,防止破碎,提高了聚氨酯泡沫的隔热性和抗压强度,还提高了泡沫的耐久性、隔音性;通过使用纳米银、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、癸二酸、钛酸四丁酯,使得聚氨酯泡沫具有优异的抗菌性,还提高了抗老化性和防水性,延长了聚氨酯泡沫的使用时间。
具体实施方式
一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,由下列重量份(公斤)的原料制成:纳米银1.2、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯3、癸二酸1.2、钛酸四丁酯6、多孔陶瓷球100、水玻璃100、Span-80适量、Tween-80适量、1mol/L氨水适量、丙酮适量、乙醇适量、聚醚多元醇DSU-365 90、三乙醇胺0.5、水15、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.75、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100。
所述抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按体积比VSpan-80:VTween-80=1:4配比得到混合液体,将水玻璃与所述混合液体按体积比1:10混合均匀,在400r/min下搅拌30min,然后滴加1mol/L的氨水调节pH值至6;加入多孔陶瓷微球、纳米银、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯,搅拌10min,用丙酮洗涤2次,静置后除去上层清液,得到混合物料;
(2)将第(1)步得到的混合物料加入2倍体积的乙醇搅拌均匀,陈化48h,过滤得到滤料,再将滤料浸泡在2倍体积的正己烷中,过滤,将滤料在45℃下恒温干燥,得到改性多孔陶瓷微球;
(3)将改性多孔陶瓷微球放入反应容器中,加入聚醚多元醇DSU-365、三乙醇胺、水和二月桂酸二丁基锡,在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合,再加入其他剩余成分,然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌9s,倒入模具中,在室温下静止发泡,待反应完毕后在69℃温度下熟化29min,再在室温下存放70h后,即得;
所述模具的上表面设置有陶瓷板,下表面设置有4毫米的硅酸钙板。
所述二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,所述的多孔陶瓷球的气孔率为65%,孔径为100μm。
该实施例聚氨酯泡沫的压缩强度为347kPa,保温墙板的导热系数为0.011W/( m·K)。
Claims (3)
1.一种抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,其特征在于:由下列重量份的原料制成:纳米银1.2-1.5、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯3-4、癸二酸1.2-1.5、钛酸四丁酯6-7、多孔陶瓷球100-105、水玻璃100、Span-80适量、Tween-80适量、1mol/L氨水适量、丙酮适量、乙醇适量、聚醚多元醇DSU-365 90-94、三乙醇胺0.5-0.54、水15-16、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.75-0.9、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100-110。
2.根据权利要求1所述抗菌二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按体积比VSpan-80:VTween-80=1:4配比得到混合液体,将水玻璃与所述混合液体按体积比1:10混合均匀,在400r/min下搅拌30min,然后滴加1mol/L的氨水调节pH值至6-7;加入多孔陶瓷微球、纳米银、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯,搅拌10-15min,用丙酮洗涤2-3次,静置后除去上层清液,得到混合物料;
(2)将第(1)步得到的混合物料加入2-2.5倍体积的乙醇搅拌均匀,陈化48h,过滤得到滤料,再将滤料浸泡在2-2.5倍体积的正己烷中,过滤,将滤料在45-46℃下恒温干燥,得到改性多孔陶瓷微球;
(3)将改性多孔陶瓷微球放入反应容器中,加入聚醚多元醇DSU-365、三乙醇胺、水和二月桂酸二丁基锡,在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合,再加入其他剩余成分,然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌9-11s,倒入模具中,在室温下静止发泡,待反应完毕后在69-70℃温度下熟化29-31min,再在室温下存放70-72h后,即得;
所述模具的上表面设置有陶瓷板,下表面设置有4-6毫米的硅酸钙板。
3.根据权利要求1所述二氧化硅气凝胶聚氨酯复合保温墙板,其特征在于:所述的多孔陶瓷球的气孔率为65-80%,孔径为100-500μm。
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