CN105974303B - The built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter - Google Patents
The built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test methods of electric energy meter, it is characterized in that, including on-load switch Mechanical Reliability and electrical reliability appraisal procedure, deciding grade and level test, step are carried out using crash rate as characteristic quantities and in a manner of use Based on Censored Data are as follows: S01, selected permission failure number AcWith truncation failure number rc, wherein rc=Ac+1；S02, according to allow failure number AcWith the failure rate level of pre-selection, truncation number T is obtainedc；The test of S03, selected test product end number tz；S04, according to Tc、AcAnd tz, determine test product number n；S05, n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production；S06, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；The test number (TN) of S07, statistics failure number r and each failure test product；S08, test result determine.Test method of the invention has many advantages, such as that easy to operate, detection is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to electrical equipment technical fields, refer in particular to a kind of built-in on-load switch reliability assessment of electric energy meter
Test method.
Background technique
Electric energy meter is directly related to customer service quality and safe operation of electric network with the quality of built-in on-load switch.Entirely
Since state carries out low-voltage collecting meter reading construction on a large scale, Guo Wang company telephone traffic is huge, and the metering fault accepted reports for repairment in business, electric energy
Table is in higher proportion with built-in on-load switch failure, accounts for entire metering fault reports for repairment 60%.According to statistics, Hunan Province in 2014
Utilities Electric Co. accepts metering device troublshooting 28000 and rises, wherein because reporting for repairment caused by built-in on-load switch failure up to 16800
It rises, the quality problems of built-in on-load switch have brought tremendous economic losses and undesirable social influence to grid company.Cause
This, promotes the reliability of built-in on-load switch, inherently promotes the quality of built-in on-load switch, reduces because of built-in on-load switch
Failure caused by failure, it is horizontal for promoting good service, it is ensured that business manpower, material resources, financial resources, tool are saved in the stabilization of power grids
There are great social effect and economic significance.
By analysis, electric energy meter is lower but higher to reliability requirement with built-in on-load switch operating frequency, generally with
Family arrearage or short circuit etc. can just operate separating brake in special circumstances, and operation is closed a floodgate after the completion of subscriber payment or when restoring normal.Together
When, abundant and when state is normal in demand charge, built-in on-load switch should not act, and guarantee user's normal electricity consumption；When route is sent out
It when raw overload or short trouble, should act in time, fault current be disconnected, with protection circuit and electrical equipment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that, for technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
Kind of principle is simple, the easy to operate and detection accurately built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of electric energy meter built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method, including on-load switch Mechanical Reliability and electricity
Gas reliability estimation method carries out deciding grade and level test using crash rate as characteristic quantities and in a manner of use Based on Censored Data, walks
Suddenly are as follows:
S01, selected permission failure number AcWith truncation failure number rc, wherein rc=Ac+1；
S02, according to allow failure number AcIt is fixed from preset mechanical and electrical reliability with the failure rate level of pre-selection
Truncation number T is obtained in grade test tablec；
The test of S03, selected test product end number tz, tzElectrical endurance and machinery specified in product standard should be no more than
Service life number；
S04, according to Tc、AcAnd tz, test product number n is determined by formula (15), wherein
N=Tc/tz+Ac(15)；
S05, n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, wherein the product quantity for sampling is no less than examination
10 times of product number n；
S06, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
The test number (TN) of the test number (TN) of S07, statistics failure number r and each failure test product, each test product that fails presses off-test
When number calculate, and statistics accumulation test number (TN)；
S08, test result determine: when failure number r is not up to truncation failure number rc, i.e. r≤Ac, and accumulate test number (TN) and reach
To or be more than truncation number Tc, then it is judged to pass the test；When accumulation test number (TN) is not up to truncation number, and relevant failure number
R has met or exceeded truncation failure number rc, i.e. r > Ac, then it is judged to test unqualified.
Preferably, after pass the test of defining the level, the maintenance test of the failure rate level is carried out, steps are as follows:
S21, selected permission failure number Ac, according to the product failure rate level of pass the test and selected permission failure number
Ac, truncation number is obtained from preset mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table；
The test of S22, selected test product end number, determine test product number n；
S23, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
The test number (TN) of S24, statistics failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation test number (TN)；
S25, test result determine: if maintaining pass the test, should continue to be tieed up next time by the defined maintenance period
Hold test；If maintaining test unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；When redefining failure rate level, by the production
Total Test data of the product from deciding grade and level test for the first time are added up, and the failure rate level of product should be according to accumulative relevant failure
Number redefines.
Preferably, after pass the test of defining the level, the upgrade test of the failure rate level is carried out, wherein the data of upgrade test
It is obtained from deciding grade and level test and the test product test for maintaining the test product of test to carry out extending test and put into for upgrade test, upgrading examination
The step of testing is as follows:
S31, product failure rate grade to be upgraded, this failure rate level failure level more determining than in deciding grade and level test are selected
High level-one；
S32, selected permission failure number Ac；
The selected failure rate level of S33, basis and permission failure number, from preset mechanical and electrical reliability upgrading
Truncation number T is found in test tablec；
S34, according to TcDetermine the number for extending test and test product number and test number (TN) for upgrade test investment；
S35, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
The test number (TN) of S36, statistics failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation test number (TN) T；
S37, test result determine: if upgrade test is qualified, the maintenance of the grade should be carried out by the defined maintenance period
Test；If upgrade test is unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；When redefining failure rate level, by the product
Total Test data added up, the failure rate level of product is again true according to the test number (TN) of accumulative failure number and accumulation
It is fixed.
Preferably, in step S02, the generation process of the mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table is as follows:
S41, the crash rate operational characteristic curve in foundation reliability sampling theory and on-load switch service life obey and singly refer to
The characteristic of number distribution, can obtain
Wherein 1-L (λ0)=α (1)
L(λ1)=β (2)
λ0- receivable crash rate；α-producer risk rate；λ1- not receivable crash rate；β-user's risk
Rate；
S42, failure r when setting n extracted sampling test to stipulated number t, due to built-in on-load switch crash rate
It is lower, meet t < 5 n λ and t < 0.1 λ, bi-distribution can be approximately Poisson distribution, i.e.,
T=nt (5)
Formula (5) substitution formula (4) can be obtained:
Formula (6) substitution (2) can be obtained:
If f (x, 2Ac+ 2) it is equal to 2A for freedom degreec+ 2 χ2The density function of distribution, then
Obviously, 2 λ1It is 2A that T, which is equal to freedom degree,c+ 2 χ2It is distributed quantile on the downside of 1- βI.e.
Or it is
S43, the sampling plan verified using crash rate, by the λ in formula (11)1With maximum failure rate λmaxInstead of confidence level
1- β takes 0.9, calculates truncation number Tc, according to test statistics as a result, to different AcValue acquires corresponding Tc, to obtain machine
Tool and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table.
Preferably, further include on-load switch short circuits appraisal procedure, using success rate as characteristic quantities and adopt
Deciding grade and level test, step are carried out with Based on Censored Data mode are as follows:
S51, according to allow failure number AcWith the ranked success ratio of pre-selection, is defined the level and tested by preset short circuits
Test product number n, n are looked into table generally cannot be less than 10；
S52, n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, be no less than test product number n for the product quantity of sampling
10 times；
S53, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, counts failure number r；
S54, test result determine: when failure number r has met or exceeded cut-off failure number rc, i.e. r > Ac, then it is judged to test not
It is qualified.
Preferably, after pass the test of defining the level, the maintenance test of the failure rate level is carried out, steps are as follows:
S61, selected permission failure number AcAnd ranked success ratio, maintain test table to look into examination by preset short circuits
Product number n；
S62, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, count failure number r；
S63, test result determine: if maintaining pass the test, should continue to be tieed up next time by the defined maintenance period
Hold test；If maintaining test unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；When redefining ranked success ratio, by deciding grade and level
Experiment executes.
Preferably, the product for pass the test of defining the level continues upgrade test, and the data of upgrade test can be tested from deciding grade and level
Show that steps are as follows with the test product test for maintaining the test product of test to carry out extending test and put into for upgrade test:
S71, selected permission success rate and product ranked success ratio to be upgraded, this ranked success ratio are than original higher grade
Level-one；
The ranked success ratio and allow successfully to count that S72, basis are selected, by preset short circuits upgrade test table
Test product number is found, wherein short circuits upgrade test table is identical as short circuits deciding grade and level test table；
S73, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, count success rate；
S74, test result determine: if upgrade test is qualified, the maintenance of the grade should be carried out by the defined maintenance period
Test；If upgrade test is unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；When redefining ranked success ratio, directly by fixed
Grade experiment executes.
Preferably, in step s 51, the generation process of the short circuits deciding grade and level test table are as follows:
Success rate operational characteristic curve in S81, foundation reliability sampling theory, can obtain:
1-L(R0)=α (11)
L(R1)=β (12)
And success rate discrimination ratio
S82, based on bi-distribution, the sampling verification scheme of built-in on-load switch short circuits test can be by formula
(14) it indicates:
S83, according to test statistics as a result, in the deciding grade and level test of short circuits and upgrade test, α, β take 0.2, success
Rate discrimination ratio DrTake 3, Ac3 are taken, then can calculate the test product number of corresponding different success rates, to obtain short circuits deciding grade and level examination
Test table.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
The built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter of the invention has in following several big features:
(1) by the work characteristics of the analysis built-in on-load switch of electric energy meter, proposing can as machinery using crash rate
Performance assessment criteria by the performance assessment criteria of property and electrical reliability, using success rate as short circuits.
(2) to during the experimental conditions of Mechanical Reliability, electrical reliability and short circuits, test detection limit and
Detection limit and detection method, test criterion after detection method, test have made specific regulation, ensure that the accurate of test result
Property.
(3) establish and study the mathematical model of crash rate and success rate, propose mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test and
Upgrade test scheme, machinery and electrical reliability maintenance testing program, short circuits deciding grade and level and upgrade test scheme, short circuit can
Testing program is maintained by property.
(4) electric energy meter built-in on-load switch three classes reliability deciding grade and level test, upgrade test, the examination for maintaining test are proposed
Program is tested, ensure that the operability of test method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is crash rate operating characteristic curve figure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is 2 λ of the invention1Graph of relation between T and β.
Fig. 3 is success rate operating characteristic curve figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of the electric energy meter of the present embodiment, including
The assessment of on-load switch Mechanical Reliability, electrical reliability assessment and short circuits assessment, wherein electric energy meter is opened with built-in load
The Mechanical Reliability and electrical reliability of pass using crash rate as its characteristic quantities, made using success rate by short circuits
For its characteristic quantities.The reliability index of test and reliability test method are illustrated below:
1, reliability index:
By the numerical value of its maximum failure rate (success rate) be divided into six grades (three-level, level Four, sub- Pyatyi, Pyatyi, six grades,
Seven grades).The title and maximum failure rate (minimum success rate) of grade are shown in Table 1:
Table 1: grade name and maximum failure rate (minimum success rate)
Tab.1Grade name and maximum failure rate(minimum success rate)
2, reliability test method
The experimental condition of 2.1 every reliability assessments is respectively as follows:
2.1.1 Mechanical Reliability experimental condition
When carrying out Mechanical Reliability test, test product should use control circuit voltage rating, and pulsewidth uses 120ms, built-in negative
Lotus switch contact circuit adds 24VDC voltage 100mA current monitor signal, and when test, test product cycle-index hourly should be less than
Specified value in product standard, operating frequency preferably choose 30 times/min, and closed state time and off-state time ratio are 1:1.
2.1.2 electrical reliability experimental condition
When carrying out electrical reliability test, test product should use control circuit voltage rating, and pulsewidth uses 120ms, built-in negative
Lotus switch passes to voltage rating and rated operational current, and 10s is connected, and 20s is disconnected.Test sequence is referring to table 2.
Table 2: electrical reliability test sequence
Tab.2Electric reliability test sequence
2.1.3 short circuits experimental condition
The test of short circuits sets experimental condition according to the requirement of IEC62053-21 and IEC 62055-31 standard,
The built-in on-load switch experimental condition of different rated operational currents is shown in Table 3.According to IEC 62055-31 standard, built-in load is opened
It closes and is classified as UC1, UC2, UC3, UC4 by using, In is rated current.
Table 3: on-load switch experimental condition built in different rated current
Tab.3Different rated current latching relay test conditions
1 test of short circuit current tolerance: test preload switch should act 3 under the conditions of voltage rating and rated operational current
Secondary, each 5s closure, 5s are disconnected；Then test product is installed by the regulation of mounting condition, on-load switch is in closed state, presses
" shorted load condition " as defined in table 3 is carried out continuously 3 tolerances, the time interval 1min being resistant to every time.
2 test of short circuit current tolerance: test preload switch should act 3 under the conditions of voltage rating and rated operational current
Secondary, each 5s closure, 5s are disconnected；Then test product is installed by the regulation of mounting condition, on-load switch is in closed state, presses
" shorted load condition " as defined in table 3 carries out 3 short-circuit resistance tests, every time cooling 1min after test, with specified driving voltage
Open and close operation test is carried out to test product, short-circuit resistance test interval is no more than 5 minutes twice.
The test of failure turn-on current: test preload switch should act 3 under the conditions of voltage rating and rated operational current
Secondary, each 5s closure, 5s are disconnected；Then test product is installed by the regulation of mounting condition, on-load switch is in an off state, and is pressed
" shorted load condition " as defined in table 3 carries out 3 call through tests, and the phase angle of current turns ON should be at random, each call through test
After cooling down 1min afterwards, open and close operation test is carried out to test product with specified driving voltage, twice short-circuit resistance test interval
No more than 5 minutes.
2 each sampling test products using 1/3n of test of tolerance 1 and tolerance, and there are when decimal according to round,
Remaining sample carries out the test of project failure turn-on current.
2.2 test products prepare
It is that test product extracts first, test product should be from the batch production under stable process conditions and qualified production after testing
It is randomly selected in product, and is no less than 10 times of test product number n for the product quantity of sampling.
Then the screening sample from test product, unless product standard states otherwise, screening is using under room temperature (15 DEG C~35 DEG C)
It carries out, screening conditions are appearance, closed procedure voltage, opening operation voltage, turn-off time, closing time, dielectric withstanding voltage, insulation
The routine tests project such as resistance, contact resistance.Test product, if there is unqualified, should reject unqualified test product under screening conditions,
And sample is supplied by regulation.The test product weeded out is not counted in relevant failure number r.
The detection of 2.3 test products
2.3.1 being detected during test
(1) it is mechanically and electrically detected during reliability test.Unless product standard states otherwise, all of test product are coped with
Contact is within 40% time of the " on " phase in each action cycle and in 40% time of "off" phase, detection closure contact
Contact drop and break contact between voltage.During test do not allow that test product is cleared up and adjusted.
(2) it is detected during short circuits test.1 test of short circuit current tolerance does not detect during the test；Short circuit
2 test of electric current tolerance and fault current call through test detect the function of built-in on-load switch during the test.
2.3.2 being detected after test
(1) it is mechanically and electrically detected after reliability test.Unless product standard states otherwise, copes with and all do not lose after test
Imitate the appearance of test product, closed procedure voltage, opening operation voltage, closing time, turn-off time, contact resistance, dielectric properties, absolutely
The projects such as edge resistance are tested.
(2) it is detected after short circuits test.Unless product standard states otherwise, short circuit tolerance electric current 2 test and failure
All following items for not failing test product should be tested after turn-on current test:
When a) applying specified excitation for the first time, the action situation of built-in on-load switch；
B) dielectric properties, contact resistance, surge voltage.
2.4 failure criteria
2.4.1 Mechanical Reliability failure criteria:
When there is any one following situation, that is, think that the test product fails:
(1) when on-load switch built in is closed, the limiting value of contact drop is greater than the 5% of contact circuit open-circuit voltage；
(2) when on-load switch built in disconnects, the voltage between break contact is less than the 90% of contact circuit open-circuit voltage；
(3) on-load switch is failure to actuate built in；
(4) test product components have destructive damage, connecting wire and components to loosen；
(5) contact resistance is greater than the 150% of nominal value after testing；
(6) in the detection of test product after experiment, any one of other purpose testing result does not meet product in addition to contact resistance
The regulation of standard.
2.4.2 electrical reliability failure criteria
When there is any one following situation, that is, think that the test product fails:
(1) test product occurred during test cannot normal on-off；
(2) test product components have destructive damage, connecting wire and loose-parts；
(3) contact resistance is greater than the 150% of nominal value after testing；
(4) insulation resistance is lower than the 10% of nominal value after testing；
(5) dielectric properties after testing, dielectric pressure resistance is less than the 75% of nominal withstand voltage between contact；
(6) in the detection of test product after experiment, any one of other purpose testing results do not meet production in addition to above-mentioned project
The regulation of product standard.
2.4.3 short circuits failure criteria
When there is any one following situation, that is, think that the test product fails:
(1) short circuit current resistance test 1 is exploded, and appearance is had damage；
(2) contact resistance is greater than the 150% of nominal value；
(3) dielectric properties, dielectric pressure resistance is less than the 75% of nominal withstand voltage between contact；
(4) surge voltage does not meet product standard requirement.
3, before carrying out test procedure, reliability test sampling plan is determined.
3.1 sampling plan
Unless product standard states otherwise, the reliability compliance test of built-in on-load switch is recommended to try using Based on Censored Data
It tests.Sampling plan is verified using crash rate for Mechanical Reliability and electrical reliability, short circuits are verified using success rate
Sampling plan.
3.1.1 crash rate verifies sampling plan
Theoretical according to reliability sampling, crash rate operational characteristic curve is as shown in Figure 1, indicating crash rate probability L (λ) and losing
Relationship between efficiency λ.
According to Fig. 1 it is found that working as built-in on-load switch crash rate λ < λ0When, then this pass the test of this batch of product；As λ=λ0
When, judging not received probability by accident is α；Work as λ > λ1When, then this test of this batch of product is judged to unqualified；As λ=λ1When, it produces
It is β that product, which are mistaken for qualified and received probability,.
1-L(λ0)=α (1)
L(λ1)=β (2)
The built-in on-load switch service life obeys single index distribution, and L (λ) can be calculated with binomial probability formula (3)
When determining the crash rate sampling plan of built-in on-load switch, according to given λ1, β value, take failure truncation number Ac=
0,1,2..., sampling number n is found out, to obtain the sampling plan of crash rate test.
In crash rate proof scheme, pass through the total number of operations T and permission failure number A of test productcBetween relationship come it is true
The reliability level of fixed built-in on-load switch.If failure r when the n sampling test extracted is to stipulated number t, due to built-in
On-load switch crash rate is lower, meets t < 5 n λ and t < 0.1 λ, and bi-distribution can be approximately Poisson distribution, i.e.,
T=nt (5)
Formula (5) substitution formula (4) can be obtained:
Formula (6) substitution (2) can be obtained:
If f (x, 2Ac+ 2) it is equal to 2A for freedom degreec+ 2 χ2The density function of distribution, then
Wherein 2 λ1Relationship between T and β is as shown in Figure 2.
Obviously, 2 λ1It is 2A that T, which is equal to freedom degree,c+ 2 χ2It is distributed quantile on the downside of 1- βI.e.
Or
Deciding grade and level test and upgrade test for Mechanical Reliability and electrical reliability, the sampling side verified using crash rate
Case, by the λ in formula (10)1With the maximum failure rate λ in table 1maxInstead of confidence level 1- β takes 0.9, then can calculate in table 4
Truncation number Tc, according to test statistics as a result, to different AcValue can acquire corresponding Tc, to obtain (the i.e. mechanical and electricity of table 4
Gas reliability deciding grade and level test and upgrade test).When maintaining test, confidence level 1- β takes 0.6, and (the i.e. mechanical and electricity of table 5 is calculated
Gas reliability maintains test table).
Table 4: mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test and upgrade test scheme
Tab.4Mechanical and electrical reliability grading test and upgrade
test scheme
Table 5: mechanical and electrical reliability maintains testing program
Tab.5Mechanical and electrical reliability maintain test scheme
4.1.2 success rate verifies sampling plan
Since short circuit is occurrent event for single user, using success rate verifying as built-in load
The sampling plan of switch short test.The received probability L of success rateRRelationship between success rate R is as shown in Figure 3.
According to Fig. 3 it is found that working as built-in on-load switch success rate R > R0When, then this pass the test of the batch products；Work as R=
R0When, judging not received probability by accident is α；As R < R1When, then this test of the batch products is judged to unqualified；Work as R=R1
When, it is β that product, which is mistaken for qualified and received probability,.
1-L(R0)=α (11)
L(R1)=β (12)
Success rate discrimination ratio
Based on bi-distribution, the sampling verification scheme of built-in on-load switch short circuits test can be by formula (14)
It indicates.
According to test statistics as a result, in the deciding grade and level test of short circuits and upgrade test, α, β take 0.2, success rate mirror
Do not compare DrTake 3, Ac3 are taken, then can calculate the test product number of corresponding different success rates, specific (i.e. short circuits are fixed as shown in table 6
Grade and upgrade test table).The α when maintaining test, β take 0.3, success rate discrimination ratio DrTake 3, Ac2 are taken, it is (i.e. short that table 7 is calculated
Road reliability maintains test table).
Table 6: short circuits deciding grade and level and upgrade test scheme
Tab.6Short circuit reliability grading and upgrade test scheme
Table 7: short circuits maintain testing program
Tab.7Short circuit reliability maintain test scheme
5, after reliability test sampling plan determines, into corresponding test procedure.
The wherein test journey of every on-load switch Mechanical Reliability assessment, electrical reliability assessment and short circuits assessment
Sequence includes deciding grade and level test, maintains test and upgrade test, specifically:
5.1 mechanically and electrically reliability test programs
5.1.1 deciding grade and level test
(1) selecting allows failure number AcWith truncation failure number rc(rc=Ac+ 1), recommend to select A in the range of 2~5c；
(2) according to selected failure rate level and Ac, truncation number T is found by table 4c；
(3) test for selecting test product ends number tz, tzElectric life and mechanical life specified in product standard should be no more than
Number, recommending electrical reliability is preferably tz=104 times, Mechanical Reliability is preferably tz=105 times；
(4) according to Tc、AcAnd tz, determine that test product number n, n generally cannot be less than 10 by formula (15).
N=Tc/tz+Ac (15)
(5) n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, is no less than test product number n for the product quantity of sampling
10 times；
(6) test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(7) the correlation test number of statistical correlation failure number r and each failure test product, to the relevant failure detected after test
Test product, number when correlation test number presses off-test calculate, statistics accumulation correlation test number；
(8) test result determines.When relevant failure number r is not up to truncation failure number rc(i.e. r≤Ac), and accumulate related examination
It tests number and has met or exceeded truncation number, be then judged to pass the test, be not up to truncation number when accumulating correlation test number, and
Relevant failure number r has met or exceeded truncation failure number rc(i.e. r > Ac), then it is judged to test unqualified.
5.1.2 test is maintained
The product for pass the test of defining the level should be somebody's turn to do unless product standard states otherwise by all numbers of maintenance specified in table 5
The maintenance of grade is tested, and test is maintained to carry out by following procedure:
(1) selecting allows failure number Ac, according to the product failure rate level of pass the test and selected permission failure number,
Truncation number is found by table 5；
(2) test for selecting test product ends number, determines test product number n；
(3) test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(4) the correlation test number of statistical correlation failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation correlation test number；
(5) test result determines.If maintaining pass the test, should continue to be maintained next time by the defined maintenance period
Test；If maintaining test unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；It, should be by the production when redefining failure rate level
Total Test data (including maintain test underproof data) of the product from deciding grade and level test for the first time are added up, the failure of product
Rate grade should be determined according to accumulative relevant failure number by table 1.
5.1.3 upgrade test
The product of deciding grade and level pass the test can proceed with upgrade test.The data of upgrade test can be from deciding grade and level test and maintenance
The test product of test is carried out extending test and be obtained for the test product test of upgrade test investment.Upgrade test by following procedure into
Row.
(1) product failure rate grade to be upgraded (generally than original higher grade level-one) is selected；
(2) selecting allows failure number Ac；
(3) according to selected failure rate level and permission failure number, truncation number T is found by table 4c；
(4) according to TcDetermine the number for extending test and test product number and test number (TN) for upgrade test investment；
(5) test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(6) the correlation test number of statistical correlation failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation correlation test number T；
(7) test result determines.If upgrade test is qualified, should be tried by the maintenance that the defined maintenance period carries out the grade
It tests；If upgrade test is unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；It, should be by the product when redefining failure rate level
Total Test data added up, the failure rate level of product should be according to accumulative relevant failure number and the correlation test of accumulation
Number is determined by table 1.
5.2 short circuits test procedures
5.2.1 deciding grade and level test
Deciding grade and level test is carried out by following procedure:
(1) according to selected ranked success ratio and Ac, looking into test product number n, n by table 6 generally cannot be less than 10；
(2) n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, is no less than test product number n for the product quantity of sampling
10 times；
(3) test and detection, statistical correlation failure number r is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(4) test result determines.When relevant failure number r has met or exceeded cut-off failure number rc(i.e. r > Ac), then it is judged to try
It tests unqualified.
5.2.2 test is maintained
The product for pass the test of defining the level should be somebody's turn to do unless product standard states otherwise by all numbers of maintenance specified in table 7
The maintenance of grade is tested, and test is maintained to carry out by following procedure:
(1) ranked success ratio and A are selectedc, test product number n is looked by table 7；
(2) test product is extracted, test and detection, statistical correlation failure number r is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(3) test result determines.If maintaining pass the test, should continue to be maintained next time by the defined maintenance period
Test；If maintaining test unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；It is real by deciding grade and level when redefining ranked success ratio
Test execution.
5.2.3 upgrade test
The product of deciding grade and level pass the test can proceed with upgrade test.The data of upgrade test can be from deciding grade and level test and maintenance
The test product of test is carried out extending test and be obtained for the test product test of upgrade test investment.Upgrade test by following procedure into
Row.
(1) product ranked success ratio to be upgraded (generally than original higher grade level-one) is selected, selecting allows success rate；
(2) according to selected ranked success ratio and permission failure number, test product number is found by table 6；
(3) test product is extracted, test and detection, statistical correlation failure number r is carried out in accordance with regulations；
(4) test result determines.If upgrade test is qualified, should be tried by the maintenance that the defined maintenance period carries out the grade
It tests；If upgrade test is unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；When redefining ranked success ratio, directly by deciding grade and level
Experiment executes.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as protection of the invention
Range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter, which is characterized in that including on-load switch machinery
Reliability and electrical reliability appraisal procedure, using crash rate as characteristic quantities and using carrying out the in a manner of Based on Censored Data
One deciding grade and level test, step are as follows:
S01, selected permission failure number AcWith truncation failure number rc, wherein rc=Ac+1；
S02, according to allow failure number AcWith the failure rate level of pre-selection, tried from preset mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level
It tests in table and obtains truncation number Tc；
The test of S03, selected test product end number tz, tzElectrical endurance and mechanical life specified in product standard should be no more than
Number；
S04, according to Tc、AcAnd tz, test product number n is determined by formula (15), wherein
N=Tc/tz+Ac(15)；
S05, n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, wherein the product quantity for sampling is no less than test product number n
10 times；
S06, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
S07, the test number (TN) for counting failure number r and each failure test product, when the test number (TN) of each test product that fails is by off-test
Number calculates, and statistics accumulation test number (TN)；
S08, test result determine: when failure number r is not up to truncation failure number rc, i.e. r≤Ac, and accumulate test number (TN) reach or
It has been more than truncation number Tc, then it is judged to pass the test；It is not up to truncation number when accumulating test number (TN), and relevant failure number r reaches
To or be more than truncation failure number rc, i.e. r > Ac, then it is judged to test unqualified.
2. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
After first deciding grade and level pass the test, carry out the failure rate level first maintains test, and steps are as follows:
S21, selected permission failure number Ac, according to the product failure rate level of pass the test and selected permission failure number Ac, from
Truncation number is obtained in preset mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table；
The test of S22, selected test product end number, determine test product number n；
S23, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
The test number (TN) of S24, statistics failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation test number (TN)；
S25, test result determine: if first maintains pass the test, should continue by progress of defined maintenances period next time the
One maintains test；If first maintains test unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；Redefine failure rate level
When, total Test data of the product from for the first time first deciding grade and level test are added up, the failure rate level of product should basis
Accumulative relevant failure number redefines.
3. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
After first deciding grade and level pass the test, the first upgrade test of the failure rate level is carried out, wherein the data of the first upgrade test are from the
One deciding grade and level test and first maintains the test product of test to carry out extending test and test for the test product of the first upgrade test investment
Out, the step of the first upgrade test is as follows:
S31, product failure rate grade to be upgraded, this failure rate level failure level more determining than in the first deciding grade and level test are selected
High level-one；
S32, selected permission failure number Ac；
The selected failure rate level of S33, basis and permission failure number, from preset mechanical and electrical reliability upgrade test
Truncation number T is found in tablec；
S34, according to TcDetermine the number for extending test and test product number and test number (TN) for upgrade test investment；
S35, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations；
The test number (TN) of S36, statistics failure number r and each failure test product, statistics accumulation test number (TN) T；
S37, test result determine: if the first upgrade test is qualified, should carry out the first of the grade by the defined maintenance period
Maintain test；If the first upgrade test is unqualified, its failure rate level should be redefined；When redefining failure rate level,
The total Test data of the product are added up, the failure rate level of product is according to the test of accumulative failure number and accumulation time
Number redefines.
4. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step S02, the generation process of the mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table is as follows:
S41, the crash rate operational characteristic curve in foundation reliability sampling theory and on-load switch service life obey single index point
The characteristic of cloth can obtain
Wherein 1-L (λ0)=α (1)
L(λ1)=β (2)
λ0- receivable crash rate；α-producer risk rate；λ1- not receivable crash rate；β-user's relative risk；
λ-crash rate；L (λ)-crash rate probability；
S42, failure r when setting n extracted sampling test to stipulated number t, since built-in on-load switch crash rate is lower,
Meet t < 5 n λ and t < 0.1 λ, bi-distribution can be approximately Poisson distribution, i.e.,
T=nt (5)
Formula (5) substitution formula (4) can be obtained:
Formula (6) substitution (2) can be obtained:
If f (x, 2Ac+ 2) it is equal to 2A for freedom degreec+ 2 χ2The density function of distribution, then
Obviously, 2 λ1It is 2A that T, which is equal to freedom degree,c+ 2 χ2It is distributed quantile on the downside of 1- βI.e.
Or it is
S43, the sampling plan verified using crash rate, by the λ in formula (10)1With maximum failure rate λmaxInstead of confidence level 1- β takes
0.9, T is obtained, and calculate truncation number T according to formula (15), formula (5) and formula (10)c, according to test statistics as a result,
To different AcValue acquires corresponding Tc, to obtain mechanical and electrical reliability deciding grade and level test table.
5. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that, further including on-load switch short circuits appraisal procedure, using success rate as characteristic quantities and using fixed
Number truncation mode carries out the second deciding grade and level test, step are as follows:
S51, according to allow failure number AcWith the ranked success ratio of pre-selection, is defined the level and tested in table by preset short circuits
Looking into test product number n, n generally cannot be less than 10；
S52, n test product is randomly selected from the product of batch production, be no less than the 10 of test product number n for the product quantity of sampling
Times；
S53, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, counts failure number r；
S54, test result determine: when failure number r has met or exceeded cut-off failure number rc, i.e. r > Ac, then it is judged to test and does not conform to
Lattice.
6. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
After second deciding grade and level pass the test, carry out the failure rate level second maintains test, and steps are as follows:
S61, selected permission failure number AcAnd ranked success ratio, maintain test table to look into test product number by preset short circuits
n；
S62, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, count failure number r；
S63, test result determine: if second maintains pass the test, should continue by progress of defined maintenances period next time the
Two maintain test；If second maintains test unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；Redefine ranked success ratio
When, it is executed by the second deciding grade and level test.
7. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the
The products of two deciding grade and level pass the tests continue the second upgrade test, the data of the second upgrade test can from the second deciding grade and level test and
Second maintains the test product of test to carry out extending test and show that steps are as follows for the test product test of the second upgrade test investment:
S71, selected permission success rate and product ranked success ratio to be upgraded, this ranked success ratio are than original higher grade by one
Grade；
The ranked success ratio and allow successfully to count that S72, basis are selected, are found by preset short circuits upgrade test table
Test product number, wherein short circuits upgrade test table is identical as short circuits deciding grade and level test table；
S73, test product is extracted, test and detection is carried out in accordance with regulations, count success rate；
S74, test result determine: if the second upgrade test is qualified, should carry out the second of the grade by the defined maintenance period
Maintain test；If the second upgrade test is unqualified, its ranked success ratio should be redefined；When redefining ranked success ratio,
Directly executed by the second deciding grade and level test.
8. the built-in on-load switch reliability assessment test method of electric energy meter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
In step S51, the generation process of the short circuits deciding grade and level test table are as follows:
Success rate operational characteristic curve in S81, foundation reliability sampling theory, can obtain:
1-L(R0)=α (11)
L(R1)=β (12)
And success rate discrimination ratio
Wherein α-producer risk rate；β-user's relative risk；R0The corresponding success rate of probability α；R1The corresponding success of probability β
Rate；
S82, based on bi-distribution, the sampling verification scheme of built-in on-load switch short circuits test can be by formula (14)
It indicates:
S83, according to test statistics as a result, in the deciding grade and level test of short circuits and upgrade test, α, β take 0.2, success rate mirror
Do not compare DrTake 3, Ac3 are taken, then can calculate the test product number of corresponding different success rates, to obtain short circuits deciding grade and level test table.
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| CN106253299B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-01-29 | 杭州凯达电力建设有限公司 | Distribution transformer overloads method for calculating probability, device and distribution transformer |
| CN106569127A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-04-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Reliability evaluation method of electric energy meter load switch |
| CN107038520A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-11 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | It is a kind of that relay protection and the method for insulation control are realized in ERDB |
| KR102248533B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-05-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | System and method for predicting the failure rate of contactor |
| CN109767061B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-07-01 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating failure rate of electric energy meter |
| CN115825793A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-21 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Power battery calendar life identification test method |
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