CN105971647A - Multifunctional fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) intelligent anchor rod having single-point temperature compensation function and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) intelligent anchor rod having single-point temperature compensation function and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105971647A CN105971647A CN201610559640.5A CN201610559640A CN105971647A CN 105971647 A CN105971647 A CN 105971647A CN 201610559640 A CN201610559640 A CN 201610559640A CN 105971647 A CN105971647 A CN 105971647A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) intelligent anchor rod having a single-point temperature compensation function and a manufacturing method thereof. The multifunctional FRP intelligent anchor rod mainly comprises a no-welding long gauge multi-grating sensor having a temperature compensation function and an FRP anchor rod main body and the like. The no-welding long gauge multi-grating sensor is implanted when an FRP anchor rod is produced, and the integrated multifunctional FRP intelligent anchor rod is manufactured. The no-welding long gauge multi-grating sensor having the temperature compensation function comprises a plurality of long gauge fiber bragg grating sensing units in sequential no-welding series connection and a temperature compensation sensing unit also in no-welding series connection at the top. The multifunctional FRP intelligent anchor rod can be used for anchoring in related engineering of minerals, civil engineering and rock and soil and the like, can also be used for monitoring anchor rod bearing capability, stress strain and damage conditions and the like, and can further be used for monitoring surrounding rock supporting and surrounding rock converging deformation and stability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multifunctional intellectual for tunnel, ground and slope project and monitor anchor pole, be mainly used in building,
The monitoring of the bearing capacity to anchor pole, ess-strain and degree of impairment etc. in the correlation engineering such as tunnel, mineral products, also
Surrounding rock supporting and the monitoring of country rock convergent deformation and stability etc., meanwhile, the anchoring reinforcement effect of this anchor pole itself can be used for
Not changing, this multifunctional intellectual monitoring anchor pole, while monitoring, also can play it originally to country rock, side slope, gear soil
The anchoring reinforcement effect of wall etc..
Background technology
Suspension roof support uses in the earth's surface engineerings such as side slope, ground deep basal pit and the underground chamber such as tunnel, stope are constructed
A kind of its support reinforcement mode.Suspension roof support is the mechanical state being changed country rock itself by the anchor pole within country rock, at excavation
Form an entirety and stable rock band around face, utilize anchor pole jointly to act on country rock, reach to safeguard country rock or lane
The purpose that road etc. are stable.It is the method for protecting support of a kind of active defense, is the major transformation of the supporting such as country rock, mine.Anchor
Bar not only supporting effect is good, and materials save, construction is simple, be conducive to mechanized operation, speed of application fast.Therefore anchor pole
By substantial amounts of use in the engineerings such as a lot of buildings, ground, tunnel, mining, such as tunnel excavation based on New Austrian Tunneling Method,
Anchor pole usage amount several ten thousand easily, additionally such as Three Gorges Dam Project, has also used tens0000 various anchor poles.
Fibre reinforced plastics (Fiber Reinforced Plastics, FRP), are with resin as matrix material, with fibre
A kind of composite that dimension strengthens, has high-strength light, and mechanical property is good；Material designability is good, processing, molding work
Skill is flexible；The advantages such as chemical resistance is strong, good weatherability, the most by extensive in a lot of building Practical Projects, and
Fibre reinforced plastics will not produce the advantages such as Mars due to its antistatic behaviour, collision, have especially in down-hole application such as collieries
The biggest advantage, the anchor pole of current fibre reinforced plastics carries out using in a large number in down-holes such as actual collieries.
Along with being widely used of suspension roof support, for anchor pole stress, bearing capacity and possible damage in country rock
Carry out in real time or periodic monitoring etc. situation, hence for support conditions, deformation convergence and the stable case etc. of country rock etc.
Judge and be particularly important, and have become as the important topic of association area.The most both at home and abroad for anchor pole at country rock
Substantially can be summarized as two big classes Deng the method for testing of the stress in supporting, carrying and degree of impairment, one type is to use
Force-measuring anchor stock, anchor rod drawing meter, strain gauge and foil gauge test anchor pole in drawing effect by anchor pole " pull-out test "
Under stressing conditions and degree of impairment；Another kind of, use and compare indirectly mode, utilize electromagnetic wave, sound wave etc. in difference
The reflection differences of dielectric layer detects the degree of saturation of mortar anchoring body, the stress of Indirect evaluation anchoring and degree of impairment.But
These methods in general, also exist affected by environment greatly, poor durability, long-time stability are poor, and test error is big
Shortcoming, for picture ground, tunnel, mining etc., environment is relatively more severe, form of construction work is extensive, but measuring accuracy requires high
Practical engineering application, its suitability shows thin especially.Meanwhile, in the engineerings such as building, ground, tunnel, mining, right
In the forces testing of anchor pole while, often also need to test the soil body and the disengaging of the displacement of country rock, even rock stratum and take off
The degree of the standard width of a room in an old-style house, such as situations such as the absciss layers that the back in digging up mine in colliery occurs.Therefore exploitation one has test anchor
Stress in the bar and surrounding rock displacement, and the most also can play simultaneously and reinforce the intelligent anchor rod of anchorage effect there is very important Practical
Meaning.
Optical fiber that development in recent years is got up, grating sensing technique have a good endurance, stable performance, electromagnetism interference, just
In advantages such as distributed measurements, also anchor axial force detection, non-destructive tests etc. are proposed new thinking.It is correlated with at present
Suspension roof support is detected based on BOTDR, BOTDA distributed optical fiber technology and has been monitored by scholar, but due to mesh
The bottleneck of front demodulation techniques limits, its measuring accuracy wretched insufficiency, and generally requires the optical fiber circuit of Guan Bi, it is contemplated that
Surrouding rock deformation such as tunnel etc. itself are comparatively small, and the cross section of anchor pole own is little, the optical fiber circuit of Guan Bi often due to
Bigger optical fiber curvature and the biggest light loss that brings, therefore its practicality in Practical Project is the least.And grating is due to essence
Degree height, strain measurement can reach 1 μ ε, and can be waterproof after encapsulating, and corrosion-resistant, long-term behaviour is relatively good, can not only pass
Sense, and can be used for transmitting data, beneficially networking and monitoring in real time, it is widely used in the structures such as bridge
Strain monitoring in.But the application on anchor pole, is all based on point type strain testing at present, can only obtain very locally
Strained situation, it is impossible to describe stress and the deformation condition of the bigger anchor pole total length of scale ratio exactly, and can not be to anchor pole
Damage provides effective judgement.Generally speaking, there is following problem in current method of testing, the most simple and simple
Ground application optical fiber and grating technology, often due to not only its transducing part, and its lead-in wire is all easily damaged, it is impossible to adapts to
The construction environment of these Practical Project extensive style；Secondly anchor structure yardstick is big, and damage profile scope is wide, traditional point type
Sensing is difficult to accurate to capture damage；Furthermore, traditional monitoring is the most all ignored the ess-strain of anchor pole different depth and is become
Changing, and actual country rock is due to mechanical equivalent of light excavation and explosion, often there will be some in the rock stratum near excavation face crushes,
Under force-bearing of surrounding rock mass effect, inside it, will appear from Internal Force Redistribution, therefore on the position of anchor pole different depth, its stress
Strain is likely to different；What is more important, the intelligent anchor rod developed at present the most only rests on bolt shaft
Power and strain itself, and bolt deformation distribution situation cannot be obtained, also cannot judge the displacement of country rock etc.；Finally, tradition
Grating test, be all based between grating with grating the welding of lead-in wire and connect and realize, but the welding of optical fiber is more easy to make
Become to damage fracture, and greatly increase its light loss, thus affect its test performance.When testing based on intelligent anchor rod,
Its temperature-compensating is of crucial importance, it is contemplated that realizing of multiple spot temperature compensation is more complicated, needs the biography simultaneously having two placements arranged side by side
Sensor, causes anchor structure and production process, or even the later stage all compares numerous and diverse with the connection of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.And it is right
In the monitoring of a lot of engineering structures operation phase, its temperature field ratio under conditions of more uniform, uses single-point temperature compensation can make intelligence
Can simplify by anchor structure, operation ease is greatly increased.
In order to improve the verity of strain testing, reliability and noise robustness, Southeast China University is proposed long gauge length
Strain testing theory, to obtain the mean strain in sensor gauge length, and Successful utilization is in the health monitoring of bridge structure.
But at present for utilizing long gauge length optical fibre grating to carry out anchor pole carrying situation, ess-strain situation, fault localization, Yi Jiwei
Rock convergent deformation and the research such as the test of stability and monitoring retrieval at home and abroad there is no Patents and pertinent literature.And extremely
The long gauge length strain transducer of modern exploitation is all based on single grating individual packages and forms, when the multiple sensor of needs, and must
By optical fiber splicer, the extraction fused fiber splice of sensor need be got up, its series connection purpose could be realized.The present invention is by base
In the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of integrated multiple sensing units, a kind of novel single-point temperature compensation is proposed many
Function FRP intelligent anchor rod.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that one has pinpoint accuracy, high-durability, structure letter
Single, cheap intelligent anchor rod based on fibre reinforced plastics and long gauge length optical fibre grating and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of a kind of single-point temperature compensation, including the nothing of band temperature compensation
The many grating sensors of the long gauge length of welding, FRP anchor rod main body, extraction optical fiber and flexible plastic sleeve；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation are implanted in FRP anchor rod main body production process, make one
The multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of body single-point temperature compensation；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation include multiple long gauge length optical fibres that the most non-welding is connected
Grating sensing unit and a temperature-compensating sensing unit；One end of multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit is that optical fiber draws
Going out end, the other end connects temperature-compensating sensing unit；Multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit and a temperature-compensating pass
Sense unit includes sleeve pipe, the optical fiber being encapsulated in sleeve pipe and the grating being scribed on optical fiber, long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing list
The optical fiber two ends of unit are separately fixed at the anchor point of sleeve pipe, and temperature compensation compensates optical fiber then one end of sensing unit and long gauge length light
Fine grating sensing unit self is connected, and at anchor point and sleeve pipe concrete mutually, and the other end is freely；
The extraction optical fiber of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation draws draws in FRP anchor rod main body, and
It is located in flexible plastic sleeve.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned a kind of multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod, including following step:
(1) the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of band temperature compensation are made
(a1) according to Practical Project Demand Design and inscribe a multiple determining deviation and different ripple on a single-mode fiber
Long grating；
(a2) selecting a thin high temperature resistant sleeve pipe, interior relative aperture optical fiber is slightly thick, requires design according to engineering test
Go out the anchor points of each grating, and cut out multiple breach according to anchorage point on sleeve pipe, wear
Enter the single-mode fiber with multiple gratings, adjust the position of grating and sleeve pipe breach；Sleeve pipe has one
Fixed length, the optical fiber of threading should include the tail optical fiber of certain length；
(a3) one end of sleeve pipe is set to temperature compensation end, and this termination glue is closed, simultaneously by containing of having carved
The optical fiber having multiple grating is cut short in temperature compensation unit one end, is inserted in sleeve pipe so that it is in light
The position of grid is near certain position designed, and the optical fiber cutting short optical fiber side contracts in sleeve pipe
The closed end of portion and distance sleeve has certain distance；
(a4) first a breach nearest from sleeve closure termination is injected consolidation glue and form anchoring, so make
Contract in sleeve pipe in free state in the optical fiber one end obtaining temperature compensation section, and the other end and sleeve pipe anchor, this
Optical fiber in Duan can be slidably；
(a5) in the case of glue to be implanted has consolidated, by traction apparatus at optical fiber pigtail stretch-draw to optical fiber
Apply certain prestressing force, inject consolidation glue in remaining sleeve pipe indentation, there simultaneously and form anchoring, consolidation
After traction apparatus is decontroled, thus encapsulate out containing multiple continuous print long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit,
For each long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit, the two ends of the optical fiber in sleeve pipe are respectively by solid
Gum deposit fixes with sleeve pipe, and the optical fiber of remainder is then contactless with internal surface of sleeve pipe, or in the later stage with anchor
Though bar has a little contact after deforming but frictional force is minimum negligible.
(2) being made into one multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod
(b1) at the tail optical fiber end of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length, tail optical fiber is cut off along thin sleeve port, and
A thin layer glue is coated or resin carries out port closed at port；
(b2) packaged core sensor and fiber being distinguished transmission in place on a production line, core sensor is put
In cental axial position, fiber then carries out unwrapping wire impregnation centered by core sensor, swathes, and
Carry out extruded by pultrusion die, then solidify, form fibrous composite anchor rod body.
(b3) when fiber unwrapping wire to anchor bar body is formed to tail optical fiber part, fiber, the fiber of remaining unwrapping wire are cut off
Continue on a production line impregnation, swathe, at anchor pole tail optical fiber sleeve pipe, form protection cone, formed final
Integrated fiber composite multifunctional intellectual anchor pole.
(b4) when anchor pole uses, the closed section of tail optical fiber termination is cut, then with wire stripper by the sleeve pipe of tail optical fiber
Cut off (but optical fiber therein is not cut off), extract the sleeve pipe cut out, expose extraction optical fiber, then
It is connected with Transmission Fibers.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) the intelligent anchor rod principle of the present invention is simple and reliable, and novel in structural design is ingenious, and single-point temperature compensation makes anchor pole
The optical cable in structure, processing and fabricating and later stage is laid and is obtained for the biggest facility.The present invention mainly by with FRP anchor pole
Fiber-optic grating sensor in one measures the intelligent anchor rod strain value at different depth, thus calculates that anchor pole is at different depth
Axle power, thus the bearing capacity and its anchor force to anchor pole judges and evaluates, simultaneously also can be to country rock at load
Deng effect lower internal be deformed making certain judgement with change in displacement；
(2) the many grating sensors of the long gauge length of the weldless of the present invention are by the long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit of multiple series connection
Composition, the most not only measures strain and the axle power situation of the anchor pole of different depth, moreover it is possible to measure the deflection that anchor pole is axial,
Obtain sedimentation or the displacement of sliding of country rock etc.；
(3) present invention carries temperature-compensating, and measuring accuracy is high, is compensated by temperature compensation, and each grating can obtain well
Measuring accuracy；
(4) present invention can the anchor pole of positions multiple to country rock be monitored simultaneously, can be according to monitoring requirements, in multiple positions
Put implantation intelligent anchor rod, it is achieved the whole monitoring in a region.
(5) itself have employed composite and epoxy resin envelope due to the weldless of the present invention many grating sensors of long gauge length
Dress, the superior performances such as it is antirust, corrosion-resistant that it is water-fast, and it is not afraid of electromagnetic shielding and interference, with FRP anchor pole integrative packaging
Can be suitably used for environmental attack especially later, there is good durability and wide applicability；The multi-functional FRP of the present invention
Its antistatic property of intelligent anchor rod and will not produce the characteristics such as Mars because of collision etc., more be advantageous for the down-hole such as colliery, oil gas
Reinforce and use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod organigram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the transverse sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is weldless long gauge length many grating sensors organigram of band temperature compensation；
Fig. 5 is the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod Deformation calculation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As Figure 1-4, the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of a kind of single-point temperature compensation, including the long gauge length of weldless of band temperature compensation
Many grating sensors 6, FRP anchor rod main body 3, extraction optical fiber 4 and flexible plastic sleeve 5；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length 6 of described band temperature compensation are implanted in FRP anchor rod main body 3 production process, system
The multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of integralization single-point temperature compensation；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length 6 of described band temperature compensation include multiple long gauge length optical fibres that the most non-welding is connected
Grating sensing unit 1 and a temperature-compensating sensing unit 2；One end of multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit 1 is
Fiber pigtail, the other end connects temperature-compensating sensing unit 2；Multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit 1 and one
Temperature-compensating sensing unit 2 includes sleeve pipe, the optical fiber being encapsulated in sleeve pipe and the grating being scribed on optical fiber, long gauge length light
The optical fiber two ends of fine grating sensing unit are separately fixed at the anchor point of sleeve pipe, and temperature compensation compensates the optical fiber of sensing unit then one
End self is connected with long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit, and at anchor point and sleeve pipe concrete mutually, and the other end is freely；
The extraction optical fiber 4 of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length 6 of described band temperature compensation draws and draws in FRP anchor rod main body 3
Go out, and be located in flexible plastic sleeve 5.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned a kind of multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod, including following step:
(1) the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of band temperature compensation are made
(a1) according to Practical Project Demand Design and inscribe a multiple determining deviation and different ripple on a single-mode fiber
Long grating；
(a2) selecting a thin high temperature resistant sleeve pipe, interior relative aperture optical fiber is slightly thick, requires design according to engineering test
Go out the anchor points of each grating, and cut out multiple breach according to anchorage point on sleeve pipe, wear
Enter the single-mode fiber with multiple gratings, adjust the position of grating and sleeve pipe breach；Sleeve pipe has one
Fixed length, the optical fiber of threading should include the tail optical fiber of certain length；
(a3) one end of sleeve pipe is set to temperature compensation end, and this termination glue is closed, simultaneously by containing of having carved
The optical fiber having multiple grating is cut short in temperature compensation unit one end, is inserted in sleeve pipe so that it is in light
The position of grid is near certain position designed, and the optical fiber cutting short optical fiber side contracts in sleeve pipe
The closed end of portion and distance sleeve has certain distance；
(a4) first a breach nearest from sleeve closure termination is injected consolidation glue and form anchoring, so make
Contract in sleeve pipe in free state in the optical fiber one end obtaining temperature compensation section, and the other end and sleeve pipe anchor, this
Optical fiber in Duan can be slidably；
(a5) in the case of glue to be implanted has consolidated, by traction apparatus at optical fiber pigtail stretch-draw to optical fiber
Apply certain prestressing force, inject consolidation glue in remaining sleeve pipe indentation, there simultaneously and form anchoring, consolidation
After traction apparatus is decontroled, thus encapsulate out containing multiple continuous print long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit,
For each long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit, the two ends of the optical fiber in sleeve pipe are respectively by solid
Gum deposit fixes with sleeve pipe, and the optical fiber of remainder is contactless with internal surface of sleeve pipe, or in the later stage with anchor pole
Though having a little contact after deformation but frictional force is minimum negligible.
(2) being made into one multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod
(b1) at the tail optical fiber end of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length, tail optical fiber is cut off along thin sleeve port, and
A thin layer glue is coated or resin carries out port closed at port；
(b2) packaged core sensor and fiber being distinguished transmission in place on a production line, core sensor is put
In cental axial position, fiber then carries out unwrapping wire impregnation centered by core sensor, swathes, and
Carry out extruded by pultrusion die, then solidify, form fibrous composite anchor rod body.
(b3) when fiber unwrapping wire to anchor bar body is formed to tail optical fiber part, fiber, the fiber of remaining unwrapping wire are cut off
Continue on a production line impregnation, swathe, at anchor pole tail optical fiber sleeve pipe, form protection cone, formed final
Integrated fiber composite multifunctional intellectual anchor pole.
(b4) when anchor pole uses, the closed section of tail optical fiber termination is cut, then with wire stripper by the sleeve pipe of tail optical fiber
Cut off (but optical fiber therein is not cut off), extract the sleeve pipe cut out, expose extraction optical fiber, then
It is connected with Transmission Fibers.
The operation principle of the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod with single-point temperature compensation of the present invention is as follows: be by containing multiple sensings
Within the long gauge length optical fibre grating sensor of unit is installed and is packaged in anchor pole, the strain that therefore anchor pole causes because of stress will
Caught by all sensing units of long gauge length optical fibre grating sensor, owing to there being multiple sensing unit, therefore can capture anchor
The strain of bar diverse location, extrapolates anchor pole then in the stress of diverse location and carrying situation.Meanwhile, can be according to anchor
The long gauge length stress distribution in pole length direction, when disregarding its Bending Influence, it is possible to obtain its displacement in axial direction.
The calculating of deflection can be carried out as follows: first obtains the strain in each long gauge length sensing unit gauge length after temperature-compensating
Value, is then multiplied by its gauge length and obtains the deflection of this long gauge length sensing unit, then add up the deformation on whole anchor pole
Amount.As it is shown in figure 5, by measuring mean strain ε 1, the ε 2 and ε 3 between gauge length L1, L2 and L3, then can basis
Formula Δ=ε 1 L1+ ε 2 L2+ ε 3 L3 obtains the total displacement amount Δ at anchor pole two ends.Further, since present invention employs list
Point temperature-compensating mechanism ingehious design so that FRP intelligent anchor rod structure, make and greatly simplified with test, suitable
For temperature field than more uniform environment.From the point of view of country rock, especially for the handss such as explosion such as New Austrian Tunneling Method tunnel excavation
The when of section excavation, rock stratum can be made to occur a certain degree of broken, after therefore addition anchor pole carries out supporting, deep in difference
The ess-strain of degree is also by difference, and therefore the intelligent anchor rod of the present invention can more accurate must reflect due to the internal internal force in rock stratum
Redistribution and the unbalanced stress situation that causes, must reflect the real stress of anchor pole and carrying support conditions it is thus possible to accurate.Many
Individual intelligent anchor rod is arranged in the diverse location of country rock, can be used to monitor the anchor pole carrying situation in this region, and country rock props up
Protecting and stable case, this is extremely important to wall rock's level.
It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention,
Can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.In the present embodiment
The clearest and the most definite each ingredient all can use prior art to be realized.
Claims (2)
1. the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of a single-point temperature compensation, it is characterised in that: include the long mark of weldless of band temperature compensation
Away from many grating sensors, FRP anchor rod main body, draw optical fiber and flexible plastic sleeve；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation are implanted in FRP anchor rod main body production process, make one
The multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of body single-point temperature compensation；
The weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation include multiple long gauge length optical fibres that the most non-welding is connected
Grating sensing unit and a temperature-compensating sensing unit；One end of multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit is that optical fiber draws
Going out end, the other end connects temperature-compensating sensing unit；Multiple long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit and a temperature-compensating pass
Sense unit includes sleeve pipe, the optical fiber being encapsulated in sleeve pipe and the grating being scribed on optical fiber, long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing list
The optical fiber two ends of unit are separately fixed at the anchor point of sleeve pipe, and temperature compensation compensates optical fiber then one end of sensing unit and long gauge length light
Fine grating sensing unit self is connected, and at anchor point and sleeve pipe concrete mutually, and the other end is freely；
The extraction optical fiber of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of described band temperature compensation draws draws in FRP anchor rod main body, and
It is located in flexible plastic sleeve.
A kind of manufacture method of the multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod of single-point temperature compensation, its feature
It is: include following step:
(1) the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length of band temperature compensation are made
(a1) according to Practical Project Demand Design and inscribe a multiple determining deviation and different ripple on a single-mode fiber
Long grating；
(a2) selecting a thin high temperature resistant sleeve pipe, interior relative aperture optical fiber is slightly thick, requires design according to engineering test
Go out the anchor points of each grating, and cut out multiple breach according to anchorage point on sleeve pipe, wear
Enter the single-mode fiber with multiple gratings, adjust the position of grating and sleeve pipe breach；Sleeve pipe has one
Fixed length, the optical fiber of threading should include the tail optical fiber of certain length；
(a3) one end of sleeve pipe is set to temperature compensation end, and this termination glue is closed, simultaneously by containing of having carved
The optical fiber having multiple grating is cut short in temperature compensation unit one end, is inserted in sleeve pipe so that it is in light
The position of grid is near certain position designed, and the optical fiber cutting short optical fiber side contracts in sleeve pipe
The closed end of portion and distance sleeve has certain distance；
(a4) first a breach nearest from sleeve closure termination is injected consolidation glue and form anchoring, so make
Contract in sleeve pipe in free state in the optical fiber one end obtaining temperature compensation section, and the other end and sleeve pipe anchor, this
Optical fiber in Duan can be slidably；
(a5) in the case of glue to be implanted has consolidated, by traction apparatus at optical fiber pigtail stretch-draw to optical fiber
Apply certain prestressing force, inject consolidation glue in remaining sleeve pipe indentation, there simultaneously and form anchoring, consolidation
After traction apparatus is decontroled, thus encapsulate out containing multiple continuous print long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit,
For each long gauge length optical fibre grating sensing unit, the two ends of the optical fiber in sleeve pipe are respectively by solid
Gum deposit fixes with sleeve pipe, and the optical fiber of remainder is contactless with internal surface of sleeve pipe, or in the later stage with anchor pole
Though having a little contact after deformation but frictional force is minimum negligible；
(2) being made into one multi-functional FRP intelligent anchor rod
(b1) at the tail optical fiber end of the weldless many grating sensors of long gauge length, tail optical fiber is cut off along thin sleeve port, and
A thin layer glue is coated or resin carries out port closed at port；
(b2) packaged core sensor and fiber being distinguished transmission in place on a production line, core sensor is put
In cental axial position, fiber then carries out unwrapping wire impregnation centered by core sensor, swathes, and
Carry out extruded by pultrusion die, then solidify, form fibrous composite anchor rod body；
(b3) when fiber unwrapping wire to anchor bar body is formed to tail optical fiber part, fiber, the fiber of remaining unwrapping wire are cut off
Continue on a production line impregnation, swathe, at anchor pole tail optical fiber sleeve pipe, form protection cone, formed final
Integrated fiber composite multifunctional intellectual anchor pole.
(b4) when anchor pole uses, the closed section of tail optical fiber termination is cut, then with wire stripper by the sleeve pipe of tail optical fiber
Cut off, extract the sleeve pipe cut out, expose extraction optical fiber, then be connected with Transmission Fibers.
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| CN109579725A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 南京东智安全科技有限公司 | A kind of long gauge length strain transducer of high-temperature flexible, manufacturing method and application |
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| CN112064616B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-02-01 | 南京地下空间高技术产业研究院有限公司 | GFRP combined anchor rod suitable for soil deformation monitoring and implementation method thereof |
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