CN105969957A - Quenching oil capable of making fastener become black by itself after quenching and application method of quenching oil - Google Patents
Quenching oil capable of making fastener become black by itself after quenching and application method of quenching oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105969957A CN105969957A CN201610544015.3A CN201610544015A CN105969957A CN 105969957 A CN105969957 A CN 105969957A CN 201610544015 A CN201610544015 A CN 201610544015A CN 105969957 A CN105969957 A CN 105969957A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/58—Oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/02—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses quenching oil capable of making a fastener become black by itself after quenching and an application method of the quenching oil, and belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment. The quenching oil comprises, by mass, 35-40 parts of refined base oil, 7-10 parts of composite cooling accelerant, 0.5-0.7 part of a composite blacking agent, 0.4-0.8 part of a brightening agent, 0.5-0.8 part of a surface active agent and 0.02-0.04 part of antioxidant. The composite cooling accelerant is the mixture of polyisobutene, dimethyl naphthalene and mahogany petroleum sulfonate. The composite blacking agent is the mixture of short oil alkyd resin, a coloring agent and a wetting agent. The brightening agent is the mixture of imidazoline oleate and methyl terpene resin. The coloring agent is disperse black 9. The wetting agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether. The surface active agent is span-80. The optimal using temperature of the quenching oil ranges from 70 DEG C to 75 DEG C, the speed for cooling the fastener is moderate, a protection film is formed on the surface in a self-blacking manner during quenching, and efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal heat treatment, quenching from blackout after securing member quenching can be made more particularly, it relates to a kind of
Kerosene and using method thereof.
Background technology
Securing member is commercially also referred to as standard component, is to be fastenedly connected two or more parts (or component) to become one
The general name of the class machine components used during part entirety.Modal securing member mainly includes bolt and nut.General securing member
When using mild steel material, mostly do at grill-hearth travelling oven quench, be tempered, turn black three process, does plating etc. after heat treatment
Surface processes, and hardening media selects quick bright quenc hing oil or water-soluble polymer quenching agent.Quickly bright quenc hing oil is suitable for little rule
Lattice carbon steel and all kinds of steel alloy material securing member heat treatment, advantage is that deformation and tearing tendency are little after heat treatment.Water-soluble with low concentration
Property polymer quenching agent, advantage is to solve big specification carbon steel material securing member heat treatment, shortcoming be quenching after can get rusty, impact
In the blackout securing member quality that grill-hearth travelling oven does, in boiling cooling stage cooling rate not soon, the fastening of big specification carbon steel material is done
Part easily produces soft spots.The rate of cooling of hardening phase is very big to the performance impact of heated parts, and heat treatment worker exist always
Seek to improve oil preparation and water preparation hardening media method, improve quenching oil boiling cooling stage cooling rate, rapid cooling scooter
110-120 DEG C/sec, helpful to big specification low-alloy steel material securing member, but big specification carbon steel material securing member oil quenching, the most not
OK.
Analyzing theoretically, heated parts cools down at hardening media and is divided into three phases: 1, steam blanket cooling stage；2, boiling
Cooling stage；3, convection current cooling stage.Preferably hardening media is wished in steam blanket cooling stage rate of cooling slow, it is to avoid
Being in the workpiece of austenite and overcooling austenite state because of rate of cooling soon, contraction drastically deforms excessive；At boiling cooling stage i.e.
Overcooling austenite least stable region (about 600-400 DEG C) wishes that cooling is fast, it is to avoid occur perlite to change；Cold in convection current
But the stage i.e. wants to enter into martensite range, and rate of cooling is the slowest more good, reduce martensite transfor mation volume swell produce stress,
Reduce deformation and prevent cracking.The process technique of the securing member that intensity is high is to use carburizing or cyaniding to add the techniques such as Q-tempering and carry out
Process, and use 850～900 DEG C of insulations full annealing technique of 10 hours, but utilize the securing member that this technique produces in quenching
Time the contraction percentage of area relatively big, deformation rate is big, and the fit rate between securing member is low, and percent defective is sometimes more than 10%.For above-mentioned
Problem, Chinese Patent Application No. is 201410289701.1, and Shen Qing Publication day is in JIUYUE, 2014 patent application document of 24 days
Disclose a kind of water preparation hardening media for carbon steel securing member heat treatment, by the polyacrylamide of 0.4-0.6%, the nitrous of 4-6%
The water composition of acid sodium, the sodium carbonate of 1-2%, the sodium benzoate of 0.1-0.2% and 92-94%, it is possible to raw after overcoming the quenching of current water preparation
The problem of rust.But water preparation hardening media is to the rate of cooling ratio all the time of workpiece comparatively fast, easily causes deformation and the generation of securing member
Soft spots, it is difficult to meet the performance requirement of securing member.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved
Have that deformation rate is big for the quenching of existing securing member, be easily generated soft spots, quenching and blackening can not synchronize be carried out etc. asks
Topic, the present invention provides a kind of quenching oil certainly turned black after making securing member quenching and using method thereof.The quenching oil of the present invention is special
Heat treatment and surface, for securing member research and development, are processed two procedures and perfectly combine, both can guarantee that securing member by door
Case hardness and deformation rate are little, can form one layer of fine and close protecting film at fastener surface again, play aesthetic appeal and short-term rust prevention
Effect, economize on resources, reduce operation, improve efficiency.
2. technical scheme
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of can make after securing member quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refined base oil
35～40 parts, urge cold multiple agent 7～10 parts, the multiple agent 0.5 of blackout～0.7 part, brightener 0.4～0.8 part, surfactant 0.5～0.8
Part, antioxidant 0.02～0.04 part.
Further, described refined base oil 40 parts, urge cold multiple agent 7 parts, multiple agent 0.5 part of turning black, brightener 0.7 part,
0.7 part of surfactant, antioxidant 0.03 part.
Further, the kinematic viscosity of described refined base oil is 13-28mm2/ s, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g.
Further, described cold multiple agent of urging is polyisobutylene, dialkyl group naphthalene and the mixture of petroleum sulfonate；Described blackout
Multiple agent is the mixture of short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, stain and wetting agent；Described brightener is imidazoline oleate and methyl terpene
The mixture of olefine resin.
Further, the mass ratio of described polyisobutylene, dialkyl group naphthalene and petroleum sulfonate is 2:1:1；Described short oil alcohol
The mass ratio of acid resin, stain and wetting agent is 5:1:1；Described imidazoline oleate with the mass ratio of methyl terpene resin is
1:1。
Further, described stain is dispersion black 9；Described wetting agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether；Described surface
Activating agent is Arlacel-80.
Further, described antioxidant is sulfur phosphorus fourth octyl group zinc salt.
The using method of the above-mentioned quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, the steps include:
(1) securing member is heated to more than 850 DEG C, insulation；
(2) above-mentioned quenching oil is heated to 70～75 DEG C；
(3) the quenching oil quenching in step (2) is immersed by step (1) is incubated the securing member after terminating；
(4) when in step (3), the temperature of securing member is down to 400～500 DEG C, quenching oil is stirred 5～10min；
(5) when the temperature of securing member is down to 80～90 DEG C, it is taken out from quenching oil, then carry out air cooling.
Further, temperature retention time t=(L+T)/2H min in step (1), wherein, L is the length of securing member, unit
Mm, T are holding temperature, unit DEG C, and H is the thickness of securing member, unit mm.
Further, in step (4) when securing member temperature is down to 500 DEG C, quenching oil is stirred 10min, stirring speed
Degree 150rpm.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) the invention provides a kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, particularly to bolt and the quenching of nut
Effective, the maximum cooling rate of securing member preferably, can be obtained in 100～109 DEG C/about s, use temperature effect when 70～75 DEG C
Obtain preferable quenching hardness and deformation rate is little, be capable of again the effect turned black automatically in surface, the screw thread on special bolt and nut
And there is the bolt head of pit, coating film forming uniformly, consistency of thickness, play the effect of aesthetic appeal and short-term rust prevention, subtract
Few heat treatment rear surface coats antirust treatment again, economizes on resources, and reduces operation, improves efficiency；
(2) there is screw thread or bending part on securing member (particularly bolt and nut), during quenching blackout, these positions
There will be film forming non-uniform phenomenon, can not successfully turn black in causing part pit, affect outward appearance, rise not during preserving simultaneously
To the effect of short-term rust prevention, the quenching oil of present invention research and development can solve this difficult problem, and main cause is the fat in quenching oil
(C atomic number is 16～18 to fat polyoxyethylenated alcohol；Polymerization degree n is 10～30) securing member is had the strongest wettability effect, especially
It is the securing member of carbon steel material, is substantially reduced the tension force on its surface, then coordinate the extension filming function of short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, energy
At the screw thread i.e. bending part surface homogeneous film formation of securing member, under the effect of stain, fastener surface film layer is carried out dyeing and sends out
Black, the black film layer of one layer of even compact is finally formed at fastener surface；
(3) prior art often occurs that film layer glues hands, glossiness is inconsistent and film layer fastness is the strongest in blackout coating process
Etc. problem, in the quenching oil of the present invention, short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is used in conjunction with each other with imidazoline oleate and methyl terpene resin,
Having from dry functional, rate of drying is fast, has the advantages such as good glossiness and wearability, and this excellent properties is also
In actual production and R&D process one of inventor has been surprisingly found that, brings huge economic benefit for enterprise；
(4) protecting film that the quenching oil of the present invention is formed from blackout at fastener surface uniformly, consistency of thickness, have good attached
Put forth effort and water resistant, oil-resistant characteristic, the quenching oil modest viscosity of the present invention, the experiment proved that, this quenching oil most preferably use temperature
Between 70-75 DEG C, in this temperature range, the good fluidity of quenching oil, moderate (the maximum cooling of rate of cooling to securing member
Speed is at 100～109 DEG C/s), while quenching, form protecting film at fastener surface from blackout, reduce heat treatment rear surface again
Secondary coating antirust treatment, economizes on resources, and reduces operation, improves efficiency；
(5) in quenching process, when securing member has just immersed in the quenching oil of the present invention, quenching oil is 85～90 to its rate of cooling
DEG C/s, along with the temperature of securing member gradually reduces, the temperature of quenching oil gradually rises, and the local mobility of quenching oil increases, when
After securing member is cooled to 400～500 DEG C, quenching oil being carried out agitation as appropriate, the rate of cooling of securing member is obtained necessarily by quenching oil
Raising, maximum rate of cooling can reach 100～109 DEG C/s；When the temperature of securing member is down to 200～240 DEG C, in surface activity
Under the effect of agent and wetting agent, dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin can gradually adsorb at piece surface, and wetting agent molecular weight is big, energy
It is substantially reduced metal surface tension, promotes that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is in screw thread and pit film forming.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of can make after securing member quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refined base oil
40 parts, urge cold multiple agent 7 parts, the multiple agent 0.5 part of blackout, brightener 0.7 part, 0.7 part of surfactant, antioxidant 0.03
Part.Wherein, the kinematic viscosity of refined base oil is 13-28mm2/ s, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g.Urging cold multiple agent is poly-isobutyl
The mixture (mass ratio is 2:1:1) of alkene, dialkyl group naphthalene and petroleum sulfonate；The multiple agent of blackout is that short oil-ity alcohol acid resin (is purchased from
Shanghai Yuan Bang coating Manufacturing Co., Ltd), stain and the mixture (mass ratio is 5:1:1) of wetting agent；Brightener is imidazoline
The mixture (mass ratio is 1:1) of oleate and methyl terpene resin；Stain is for disperseing black 9 (CAS No.12222-69-4)；
Wetting agent is that (C atomic number is 16～18 to fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether；Polymerization degree n is 15～20)；Surfactant is Arlacel-80,
Antioxidant is sulfur phosphorus fourth octyl group zinc salt.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment forms one layer of fine and close protecting film, securing member on its surface from blackout after making securing member quenching
Screw thread at and the film forming of head uniform, and make the securing member after quenching have preferable depth of hardening zone, centre hardness and gold
Phase constitution, by controlling rate of cooling so that in quenching process, the deformation rate of securing member is extremely low, ratio water preparation hardening media and general
The deformation rate of logical oiliness hardening media is low by more than 30%.Find through inspection, use the quenching oil of the present invention, can be at the table of securing member
The surface of face and screw thread is respectively formed uniform film layer, and blocked up or rupture of membranes the probability of film layer is extremely low, and the black film glossiness formed
Unanimously, do not glue the situation of hands, the functional requirements such as waterproof, antirust can be met.
Especially, short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is applied to the one that quenching oil field is inventor and feels free to try, the present invention uses
Short oil-ity alcohol acid resin be dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, content of fatty acid therein is about 30%, mainly by oleum lini
It is that raw material is made with fatty acid.In research process, find that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin must coordinate a certain proportion of fatty alcohol
Polyoxyethylene ether and Arlacel-80 use its excellent properties to securing member quenching of competence exertion, and in experimentation, inventor attempts using
Other kinds of wetting agent replaces the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether in the present invention, but finds that effect is the most undesirable.
The preparation method of above-mentioned quenching oil is:
(1) weigh 20 parts of refined base oils in proportion, under the conditions of 25 DEG C, respectively 7 parts are urged cold multiple agent, 0.4 part of surface
Activating agent and 0.01 part of antioxidant are added thereto stir (mixing speed is 200rpm), obtain quenching oil A liquid；
(2) weigh the refined base oil of remaining number in proportion, be heated to 40 DEG C, be separately added into 0.5 part of multiple agent and 0.7 of blackout
Part brightener stirs (mixing speed is 250rpm), obtains quenching oil B liquid；
(3) quenching oil A liquid being heated to 35 DEG C, quenching oil B drop is added by stirring (mixing speed is 400rpm) limit, limit
Enter (rate of addition is 0.01 part/min) in quenching oil A liquid, be simultaneously introduced remaining surfactant and antioxidant；
(4) it is cooled to room temperature after stirring 1h and stands 2h, the special quenching oil certainly turned black after obtaining making securing member quenching.
Quenching oil prepared by the present embodiment has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, stable performance, the advantage of shelf-stable；Lucifuge
Under the conditions of preserve more than 3 years all without occur muddiness, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon.In preparation process, the mixing of each component is suitable
The performance of ordered pair quenching oil has a certain impact, and inventor finds, if simple, each component is added sequentially to refined base oil
The quenching oil that middle stirring is mixed to get easily occurs the situation of rupture of membranes in use on fastener threads surface, and this quenching oil is in storage
Time muddiness the most easily occurs.And the mixing temperature of quenching oil A liquid and quenching oil B liquid is to the performance impact of last quenching oil very
Greatly, 30 DEG C is optimal mixing temperature.
The using method of the above-mentioned quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, the steps include:
(1) securing member is heated to 850 DEG C, insulation；
(2) above-mentioned quenching oil is heated to 70 DEG C；
(3) the quenching oil quenching in step (2) is immersed by step (1) is incubated the securing member after terminating；
(4) quenching oil being stirred 5min when the temperature of securing member is down to 450 DEG C in step (3), mixing speed is 100
rpm；
(5) when the temperature of securing member is down to 80 DEG C, it is taken out from quenching oil, then carry out air cooling.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment is different for the using method of various sizes of securing member, temperature retention time in step (1)
There are relation t and the length of securing member, the time etc. of insulation, and concrete, t=(L+T)/2H min, wherein, L is securing member
Length, unit mm, T is holding temperature, unit DEG C, and H is the thickness of securing member, and unit mm is specifically quenched in the present embodiment
Fire is a kind of bolt in securing member, and a length of 40mm of bolt, the thickness of bolt is that 3.5mm is (with bolt body
Diameter meter), head has pit, when carrying out heat treatment for the bolt of this specification, temperature retention time t=(40+850)/2*3.5
Min=127min, after this condition heat treatment, then the quenching oil with the use of the present invention quenches, and effect is more preferable.
In quenching process, when securing member has just immersed in the quenching oil of the present embodiment, quenching oil is 85 DEG C/s to its rate of cooling
Left and right, can be prevented effectively from contraction and drastically deform excessive；Along with the temperature of securing member gradually reduces, the temperature of quenching oil gradually rises,
The local mobility of quenching oil increases, and after securing member is cooled to 450 DEG C, quenching oil is carried out agitation as appropriate, and quenching oil is to tightly
The rate of cooling of firmware obtains certain raising, and maximum rate of cooling can reach 105 DEG C/s；When the temperature of securing member is down to 200 DEG C
Time, under the effect of surfactant and wetting agent, dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin can gradually adsorb at piece surface, moistening
Agent molecule amount is big, can be substantially reduced metal surface tension, promotes that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is in screw thread and pit film forming.
Embodiment 2
A kind of can make after securing member quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refined base oil
35 parts, urge cold multiple agent 9 parts, the multiple agent 0.7 part of blackout, brightener 0.4 part, 0.8 part of surfactant, antioxidant 0.02
Part.Wherein, the kinematic viscosity of refined base oil is 13-28mm2/ s, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g.Urging cold multiple agent is poly-isobutyl
The mixture (mass ratio is 2:1:1) of alkene, dialkyl group naphthalene and petroleum sulfonate；The multiple agent of blackout is that short oil-ity alcohol acid resin (is purchased from
Shanghai Yuan Bang coating Manufacturing Co., Ltd), stain and the mixture (mass ratio is 5:1:1) of wetting agent；Brightener is imidazoline
The mixture (mass ratio is 1:1) of oleate and methyl terpene resin；Stain is for disperseing black 9 (CAS No.12222-69-4)；
Wetting agent is that (C atomic number is 16～18 to fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether；Polymerization degree n is 15～20)；Surfactant is Arlacel-80,
Antioxidant is sulfur phosphorus fourth octyl group zinc salt.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment forms one layer of fine and close protecting film, securing member on its surface from blackout after making securing member quenching
Screw thread at and the film forming of head uniform, and make the securing member after quenching have preferable depth of hardening zone, centre hardness and gold
Phase constitution, by controlling rate of cooling so that in quenching process, the deformation rate of securing member is extremely low, ratio water preparation hardening media and general
The deformation rate of logical oiliness hardening media is low by more than 30%.Find through inspection, use the quenching oil of the present invention, can be at the table of securing member
The surface of face and screw thread is respectively formed uniform film layer, and blocked up or rupture of membranes the probability of film layer is extremely low, and the black film glossiness formed
Unanimously, do not glue the situation of hands, the functional requirements such as waterproof, antirust can be met.
Especially, short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is applied to the one that quenching oil field is inventor and feels free to try, the present invention uses
Short oil-ity alcohol acid resin be dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, content of fatty acid therein is about 30%, mainly by oleum lini
It is that raw material is made with fatty acid.In research process, find that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin must coordinate a certain proportion of fatty alcohol
Polyoxyethylene ether and Arlacel-80 use its excellent properties to securing member quenching of competence exertion, and in experimentation, inventor attempts using
Other kinds of wetting agent replaces the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether in the present invention, but finds that effect is the most undesirable.
The preparation method of above-mentioned quenching oil is:
(1) weigh 18 parts of refined base oils in proportion, under the conditions of 20 DEG C, respectively 9 parts are urged cold multiple agent, 0.3 part of surface
Activating agent and 0.01 part of antioxidant are added thereto stir (mixing speed is 250rpm), obtain quenching oil A liquid；
(2) weigh the refined base oil of remaining number in proportion, be heated to 40 DEG C, be separately added into 0.7 part of multiple agent and 0.4 of blackout
Part brightener stirs (mixing speed is 280rpm), obtains quenching oil B liquid；
(3) quenching oil A liquid being heated to 30 DEG C, quenching oil B drop is added by stirring (mixing speed is 300rpm) limit, limit
Enter (rate of addition is 0.02 part/min) in quenching oil A liquid, be simultaneously introduced remaining surfactant and antioxidant；
(4) it is cooled to room temperature after stirring 1h and stands 2h, the special quenching oil certainly turned black after obtaining making securing member quenching.
Quenching oil prepared by the present embodiment has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, stable performance, the advantage of shelf-stable；Lucifuge
Under the conditions of preserve more than 3 years all without occur muddiness, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon.In preparation process, the mixing of each component is suitable
The performance of ordered pair quenching oil has a certain impact, and inventor finds, if simple, each component is added sequentially to refined base oil
The quenching oil that middle stirring is mixed to get easily occurs the situation of rupture of membranes in use on fastener threads surface, and this quenching oil is in storage
Time muddiness the most easily occurs.And the mixing temperature of quenching oil A liquid and quenching oil B liquid is to the performance impact of last quenching oil very
Greatly, 30 DEG C is optimal mixing temperature.
The using method of the above-mentioned quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, the steps include:
(1) securing member is heated to 900 DEG C, insulation；
(2) above-mentioned quenching oil is heated to 75 DEG C；
(3) the quenching oil quenching in step (2) is immersed by step (1) is incubated the securing member after terminating；
(4) quenching oil being stirred 10min when the temperature of securing member is down to 500 DEG C in step (3), mixing speed is
150rpm；
(5) when the temperature of securing member is down to 90 DEG C, it is taken out from quenching oil, then carry out air cooling.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment is different for the using method of various sizes of securing member, temperature retention time in step (1)
There are relation t and the length of securing member, the time etc. of insulation, and concrete, t=(L+T)/2H min, wherein, L is securing member
Length, unit mm, T is holding temperature, unit DEG C, and H is the thickness of securing member, and unit mm is specifically quenched in the present embodiment
Fire is a kind of nut in securing member, a length of 30mm (in terms of the external diameter of a circle of nut) of nut, nut
Thickness is 3.2mm (in terms of the inner and outer diameter difference of nut main body), when carrying out heat treatment for the nut of this specification, during insulation
Between t=(30+900)/2*3.2min=145min, after this condition heat treatment, then the quenching oil with the use of the present invention is carried out
Quenching, effect is more preferable.
In quenching process, when securing member has just immersed in the quenching oil of the present embodiment, quenching oil is 90 DEG C/s to its rate of cooling
Left and right, can be prevented effectively from contraction and drastically deform excessive；Along with the temperature of securing member gradually reduces, the temperature of quenching oil gradually rises,
The local mobility of quenching oil increases, and after securing member is cooled to 500 DEG C, quenching oil is carried out agitation as appropriate, and quenching oil is to tightly
The rate of cooling of firmware obtains certain raising, and maximum rate of cooling can reach 109 DEG C/s；When the temperature of securing member is down to 240 DEG C
Time, under the effect of surfactant and wetting agent, dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin can gradually adsorb at piece surface, moistening
Agent molecule amount is big, can be substantially reduced metal surface tension, promotes that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is in screw thread and pit film forming.
Embodiment 3
A kind of can make after securing member quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refined base oil
38 parts, urge cold multiple agent 10 parts, the multiple agent 0.6 part of blackout, brightener 0.8 part, 0.5 part of surfactant, antioxidant 0.04
Part.Wherein, the kinematic viscosity of refined base oil is 13-28mm2/ s, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g.Urging cold multiple agent is poly-isobutyl
The mixture (mass ratio is 2:1:1) of alkene, dialkyl group naphthalene and petroleum sulfonate；The multiple agent of blackout is that short oil-ity alcohol acid resin (is purchased from
Shanghai Yuan Bang coating Manufacturing Co., Ltd), stain and the mixture (mass ratio is 5:1:1) of wetting agent；Brightener is imidazoline
The mixture (mass ratio is 1:1) of oleate and methyl terpene resin；Stain is for disperseing black 9 (CAS No.12222-69-4)；
Wetting agent is that (C atomic number is 16～18 to fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether；Polymerization degree n is 15～20)；Surfactant is Arlacel-80,
Antioxidant is sulfur phosphorus fourth octyl group zinc salt.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment forms one layer of fine and close protecting film, securing member on its surface from blackout after making securing member quenching
Screw thread at and the film forming of head uniform, and make the securing member after quenching have preferable depth of hardening zone, centre hardness and gold
Phase constitution, by controlling rate of cooling so that in quenching process, the deformation rate of securing member is extremely low, ratio water preparation hardening media and general
The deformation rate of logical oiliness hardening media is low by more than 30%.Find through inspection, use the quenching oil of the present invention, can be at the table of securing member
The surface of face and screw thread is respectively formed uniform film layer, and blocked up or rupture of membranes the probability of film layer is extremely low, and the black film glossiness formed
Unanimously, do not glue the situation of hands, the functional requirements such as waterproof, antirust can be met.
Especially, short oil-ity alcohol acid resin is applied to the one that quenching oil field is inventor and feels free to try, the present invention uses
Short oil-ity alcohol acid resin be dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, content of fatty acid therein is about 30%, mainly by oleum lini
It is that raw material is made with fatty acid.In research process, find that dryness short oil-ity alcohol acid resin must coordinate a certain proportion of fatty alcohol
Polyoxyethylene ether and Arlacel-80 use its excellent properties to securing member quenching of competence exertion, and in experimentation, inventor attempts using
Other kinds of wetting agent replaces the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether in the present invention, but finds that effect is the most undesirable.
The preparation method of above-mentioned quenching oil is:
(1) weigh 18 parts of refined base oils in proportion, under the conditions of 25 DEG C, respectively 10 parts are urged cold multiple agent, 0.2 part of surface
Activating agent and 0.02 part of antioxidant are added thereto stir (mixing speed is 200rpm), obtain quenching oil A liquid；
(2) weigh the refined base oil of remaining number in proportion, be heated to 40 DEG C, be separately added into 0.6 part of multiple agent and 0.8 of blackout
Part brightener stirs (mixing speed is 250rpm), obtains quenching oil B liquid；
(3) quenching oil A liquid being heated to 35 DEG C, quenching oil B drop is added by stirring (mixing speed is 400rpm) limit, limit
Enter (rate of addition is 0.01 part/min) in quenching oil A liquid, be simultaneously introduced remaining surfactant and antioxidant；
(4) it is cooled to room temperature after stirring 1h and stands 2h, the special quenching oil certainly turned black after obtaining making securing member quenching.
Quenching oil prepared by the present embodiment has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, stable performance, the advantage of shelf-stable；Lucifuge
Under the conditions of preserve more than 3 years all without occur muddiness, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon.In preparation process, the mixing of each component is suitable
The performance of ordered pair quenching oil has a certain impact, and inventor finds, if simple, each component is added sequentially to refined base oil
The quenching oil that middle stirring is mixed to get easily occurs the situation of rupture of membranes in use on fastener threads surface, and this quenching oil is in storage
Time muddiness the most easily occurs.And the mixing temperature of quenching oil A liquid and quenching oil B liquid is to the performance impact of last quenching oil very
Greatly, 30 DEG C is optimal mixing temperature.
The using method of the above-mentioned quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, the steps include:
(1) securing member is heated to 950 DEG C, insulation；
(2) above-mentioned quenching oil is heated to 75 DEG C；
(3) the quenching oil quenching in step (2) is immersed by step (1) is incubated the securing member after terminating；
(4) quenching oil being stirred 10min when the temperature of securing member is down to 400 DEG C in step (3), mixing speed is
150rpm；
(5) when the temperature of securing member is down to 85 DEG C, it is taken out from quenching oil, then carry out air cooling.
Quenching oil in the present embodiment is different for the using method of various sizes of securing member, temperature retention time in step (1)
There are relation t and the length of securing member, the time etc. of insulation, and concrete, t=(L+T)/2H min, wherein, L is securing member
Length, unit mm, T is holding temperature, unit DEG C, and H is the thickness of securing member, and unit mm is specifically quenched in the present embodiment
Fire is a kind of bolt in securing member, and a length of 70mm of bolt, the thickness of bolt is that 8mm is (with bolt body
Diameter meter), head has pit, when carrying out heat treatment for the bolt of this specification, temperature retention time t=(70+950)/2*8min=64
Min, after this condition heat treatment, then the quenching oil with the use of the present invention quenches, and effect is more preferable.
Claims (10)
1. the quenching oil certainly turned black after making securing member quenching, it is characterised in that: its constituent and each constituent mass number
For refined base oil 35～40 parts, urge cold multiple agent 7～10 parts, the multiple agent 0.5 of blackout～0.7 part, brightener 0.4～0.8 part, table
Face activating agent 0.5～0.8 part, antioxidant 0.02～0.04 part.
A kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Refined base oil 40 parts, urges cold multiple agent 7 parts, the multiple agent 0.5 part of blackout, brightener 0.7 part, 0.7 part of surfactant, resists
Oxidant 0.03 part.
A kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: institute
The kinematic viscosity of the refined base oil stated is 13-28mm2/ s, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g.
A kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
Urging cold multiple agent is polyisobutylene, dialkyl group naphthalene and the mixture of petroleum sulfonate；The multiple agent of described blackout be short oil-ity alcohol acid resin,
Stain and the mixture of wetting agent；Described brightener is imidazoline oleate and the mixture of methyl terpene resin.
A kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
The mass ratio of polyisobutylene, dialkyl group naphthalene and petroleum sulfonate is 2:1:1；Described short oil-ity alcohol acid resin, stain and moistening
The mass ratio of agent is 5:1:1；Described imidazoline oleate is 1:1 with the mass ratio of methyl terpene resin.
6. according to a kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: institute
The stain stated is dispersion black 9；Described wetting agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether；Described surfactant is Arlacel-80.
A kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching, it is characterised in that: institute
The antioxidant stated is sulfur phosphorus fourth octyl group zinc salt.
8. can make after securing member quenching from the using method of quenching oil of blackout described in claim 1 or 2, the steps include:
(1) securing member is heated to more than 850 DEG C, insulation；
(2) quenching oil described in claim 1 or 2 is heated to 70～75 DEG C；
(3) the quenching oil quenching in step (2) is immersed by step (1) is incubated the securing member after terminating；
(4) when in step (3), the temperature of securing member is down to 400～500 DEG C, quenching oil is stirred 5～10min；
(5) when the temperature of securing member is down to 80～90 DEG C, it is taken out from quenching oil, then carry out air cooling.
The using method of a kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 8, its feature exists
In: temperature retention time t=(L+T)/2H min in step (1), wherein, L is the length of securing member, unit mm, and T is for protecting
Temperature temperature, unit DEG C, H is the thickness of securing member, unit mm.
The using method of a kind of quenching oil that securing member can be made certainly to turn black after quenching the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, its
It is characterised by: in step (4) when securing member temperature is down to 500 DEG C, quenching oil is stirred 10min, mixing speed 150
rpm。
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