CN104451058B - A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout - Google Patents
A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout Download PDFInfo
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- CN104451058B CN104451058B CN201410783870.0A CN201410783870A CN104451058B CN 104451058 B CN104451058 B CN 104451058B CN 201410783870 A CN201410783870 A CN 201410783870A CN 104451058 B CN104451058 B CN 104451058B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/58—Oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/02—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, belong to metal heat treatmet and technical field of surface。Constituent and each constituent mass number of this quenching oil be: refining base oil 17-19 part, urges cold multiple agent 0.2-0.6 part, the multiple agent 0.1-0.3 part of blackout, brightener 0.2-0.5 part, surfactant 1-2 part。The quenching oil of the present invention turns black after making bearing steel class part (including bearing ring, roller, retainer) quenching automatically, desirable quenching hardness and metallographic structure can be obtained, realize mechanical strength and toughness that workpiece needs, it is capable of again the effect turned black automatically in surface, reduce heat treatment rear surface and be again coated with antirust treatment, save the energy, reduce operation, improve efficiency。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal heat treatmet and technical field of surface, more particularly, it relates to a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout。
Background technology
Metal improves intensity and the metallographic structure of metal usually by heat-treating methods, and to obtain desired character, hardening media is then obtain one of high key factor of quenching quality, and conventional hardening media has saline, water, mineral oil, air etc.。Blackout is a kind of conventional means of chemical surface treatment, and principle is to make metal surface produce layer oxide film, to completely cut off air, reaches antirust purpose。In prior art, quenching is the operation that twice are different from blackening process, owing to hardening media is different from the requirement of hair blackening liquid, is difficult to surface blackening, heat treatment is processed two procedures perfect adaptation, economizes on resources。
Through retrieval, China Patent Publication No. is CN102212662A, the patent application document that the applying date is on June 9th, 2011 discloses a kind of ultra quick quenching oil and preparation method thereof, said composition comprises the raw material of following percentage: the refined mineral oil of 80-97%, 1-10% urges cryogen, the antioxidant of 1-5%, the anion surfactant of 1-6%, this refined mineral oil kinematic viscosity when 40 DEG C is 6~9mm2/ s;This mixture urging cryogen to be oiliness phenolic resin and polybutene;This antioxidant is alkylated diphenylamine;This anion surfactant is petroleum sodium sulfonate。China Patent Publication No. is CN102925881A, the patent application document that the applying date is on November 14th, 2012 discloses a kind of iron and steel lower middle temperature blackening treatment fluid, this iron and steel lower middle temperature blackening treatment fluid includes low medium temperature phosphating solution and filled coloring liquid, and its formula is: low medium temperature phosphating solution, containing zinc dihydrogen phosphate 30~50 grams in every liter, zinc nitrate 80~100 grams, 20~30 grams of manganese phosphate iron salt, CH additive 3~6 grams, pH phosphoric acid regulator, its amount is 1~3 for making solution ph, and surplus is water;Filled coloring liquid, containing water-soluble synthetic resin acrylate-Vinyl acetate copolymer latex 10~15 grams in every liter, light filler 2~4 grams, solubility organic pigment coloring agent, its amount is added as needed on, and surplus is water。
Quenching of the prior art and blackening process are all separately performed, point out to be simultaneously used for the quenching to metal and process of surface treatment with hair blackening liquid after simply being mixed by quenching liquid also without correlational study。Bearing is to play effect that is fixing and that reduce load coefficient of friction in mechanical transmission course, is the important foundation parts of all kinds of mechanized equipment。The processing and making process of bearing includes machining, heat treatment, surface treatment, usual heat treatment and surface treatment cannot complete in one procedure, it is primarily due to heat treatment rear bearing part and there will be moderate finite deformation, and surface treatment procedure cannot realize in quenching process。
Summary of the invention
1. the problem solved
Separate for quenching of the prior art and blackening process and carry out, there is the problems such as the wasting of resources, efficiency is low, the invention provides a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, automatically turn black after making bearing steel class part (including bearing ring, roller, retainer) quenching, by heat treatment and surface treatment two procedures perfect adaptation, economize on resources, improve timeliness。
2. technical scheme
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, it is characterized in that: its composition and each constituent mass number be: refining base oil 17-19 part, urge cold multiple agent 0.2-0.6 part, the multiple agent 0.1-0.3 part of blackout, brightener 0.2-0.5 part, surfactant 1-2 part。
Preferably, described refining base oil 18 parts, urge cold multiple agent 0.3 part, the multiple agent 0.16 part of blackout, brightener 0.3 part, 1.24 parts of surfactant。
Preferably, the kinematic viscosity 28-42mm of described refining base oil2/ s, pour point≤-9 DEG C, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g。
Preferably, the described mixture urging cold multiple agent to be polyisobutylene and EPDM, wherein polyisobutylene is 2:1 with the mass ratio of EPDM;The multiple agent of described blackout is the mixture of acrylate, stain and wetting agent, and wherein the mass ratio of acrylate, stain and wetting agent is 1:2:1。
Preferably, described brightener is petroleum sulfonate and diacid blend, wherein the mass ratio 1:2 of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid;Described surfactant is oiliness phenolic resin。
Preferably, described stain is BlackAFR, and described wetting agent is oil-soluble azone。
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) the invention provides a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, by the heat treatment of metal and surface treatment two procedures perfect adaptation, automatically turn black after can realizing bearing steel class part (including bearing ring, roller, retainer etc.) quenching, economize on resources, improve timeliness, filled up blank about the research heat treatment of metal and surface treatment carried out simultaneously in field;
(2) quenching oil in the present invention can make GCr15 bearing steel class part cool down with the rate of cooling of 65-85 DEG C/s when quenching has just entered oil, and the temperature (part enters oil temperature up to more than 800 DEG C) of the surface activity blackout preparation absorption piece surface in quenching oil obtains higher energy and is gathered into rapidly the membrane structure of densification at piece surface, simultaneously piece surface temperature with quenching oil heat convection and after blackout preparation heat is provided, rapid drop in temperature, the transition point effectively passing over bearing steel hot class part heat treatment C curve obtains desirable microstructure form;
(3) quenching oil of the present invention can effectively control the quenching distortion of bearing steel class part, obtain desirable quenching hardness and metallographic structure, realize mechanical strength and toughness that workpiece needs, and it is capable of the effect turned black automatically in surface, reduce heat treatment rear surface and be again coated with antirust treatment, save the energy, reduce operation, improve efficiency;
(4) quenching oil of the present invention can form one layer of uniform and that glossiness is good protecting film at piece surface while to bearing steel type parts quenching, and the compactness of protecting film and fastness are high, stable performance;
(5) the stain composition in quenching oil component provided by the invention under the effect of surfactant can well uniformly sprawl on high-temperature metal surface, moistening, it is achieved quenching with turn black one procedure complete。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described below。
Embodiment 1
A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, it is characterised in that: its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refining base oil (kinematic viscosity 28-42mm2/ s, pour point≤-9 DEG C, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g) 18 parts, urge cold multiple agent 0.3 part, the multiple agent 0.16 part of blackout, brightener 0.3 part, 1.24 parts of surfactant。
The mixture urging cold multiple agent to be polyisobutylene and EPDM, wherein polyisobutylene is 2:1 with the mass ratio of EPDM;The multiple agent of described blackout is the mixture of acrylate, stain and wetting agent, and wherein acrylate, stain (BlackAFR, the oil stain that BASF AG produces) and the mass ratio of wetting agent (oil-soluble azone) are 1:2:1;Described brightener is the mixture of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid, wherein the mass ratio 1:2 of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid;Described surfactant is oiliness phenolic resin。
The quenching oil of the present embodiment turns black after making bearing steel (including bearing ring, roller, retainer etc.) quenching certainly, the bearing steel class part after quenching is made to have desirable microstructure form, obtain desirable quenching hardness and metallographic structure, it is achieved the mechanical strength of workpiece needs and toughness;Forming the membrane structure of densification at bearing steel class piece surface, it is achieved the effect turned black automatically in surface simultaneously, reduce heat treatment rear surface and be again coated with antirust treatment, save the energy, reduce operation, production efficiency improves at least 50%。
In order to obtain above-mentioned substance, a kind of preparation method that can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, the steps include:
A () weighs 0.2 part of polyisobutylene and 0.1 part of EPDM mix homogeneously by mass fraction, be then heated to 60 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature and obtains urging cold multiple agent after insulation 1.5h;
B () weighs 0.04 part of acrylate, 0.08 part of BlackAFR and 0.04 part of oil-soluble azone mix homogeneously by mass fraction, obtain multiple agent of turning black;
C () weighs 0.1 part of petroleum sulfonate and 0.2 part of binary acid mix homogeneously by mass fraction, obtain brightener;
D () weighs refining base oil 18 parts by mass fraction, be subsequently adding the cold agent again of urging prepared in step (a), stirring at normal temperature 30min, formation mixture 1;
E () weighs 1.24 parts of surfactants by mass fraction, be subsequently adding in step (c) brightener prepared, and mix homogeneously post-heating, to 40 DEG C, after insulation 25min, obtains mixture 2;
F mixture 1 in step (d) is mixed homogeneously by () with the mixture 2 in step (e), be then heated to 40 DEG C of insulation 25min, obtain mixture 3;
G multiple for blackout in step (b) agent heating is joined in the mixture 3 obtained in step (f) by () after 50 DEG C, stir 55min, obtains above-mentioned a kind of can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout。
Under this implementation condition, the quenching liquid of preparation has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, the advantage of for shelf-stable, and after lucifuge is placed 3 years, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon will not occur quenching oil;The prepared kinematic viscosity from the quenching oil that turns black is 35-42mm2/ s, to the cooling rate of bearing steel class part at 75-80 DEG C/s, can generate, at bearing steel class piece surface, the rete that the uniformity is consistent with glossiness while quenching, rete is tack-free, rete is strong with the adhesion of metal surface, is suitable for medium size Bearing Steel Parts (referring to the bearing steel class part that nominal outside diameter size range is 60-190mm) quenching of certainly turning black。
Embodiment 2
A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, it is characterised in that: its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refining base oil (kinematic viscosity 28-42mm2/ s, pour point≤-9 DEG C, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g) 17 parts, urge cold multiple agent 0.6 part, the multiple agent 0.1 part of blackout, brightener 0.5 part, 1 part of surfactant。
The mixture urging cold multiple agent to be polyisobutylene and EPDM, wherein polyisobutylene is 2:1 with the mass ratio of EPDM;The multiple agent of described blackout is the mixture of acrylate, stain and wetting agent, and wherein acrylate, stain (BlackAFR, the oil stain that BASF AG produces) and the mass ratio of wetting agent (oil-soluble azone) are 1:2:1;Described brightener is the mixture of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid, wherein the mass ratio 1:2 of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid;Described surfactant is oiliness phenolic resin。
The quenching oil of the present embodiment turns black after making bearing steel (including bearing ring, roller, retainer etc.) quenching certainly, the bearing steel class part after quenching is made to have desirable microstructure form, obtain desirable quenching hardness and metallographic structure, it is achieved the mechanical strength of workpiece needs and toughness;Forming the membrane structure of densification at bearing steel class piece surface, it is achieved the effect turned black automatically in surface simultaneously, reduce heat treatment rear surface and be again coated with antirust treatment, save the energy, reduce operation, production efficiency improves at least 50%。
In order to obtain above-mentioned substance, a kind of preparation method that can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, the steps include:
A () weighs 0.4 part of polyisobutylene and 0.2 part of EPDM mix homogeneously by mass fraction, be then heated to 50 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature and obtains urging cold multiple agent after insulation 2h;
B () weighs 0.025 part of acrylate, 0.05 part of BlackAFR and 0.025 part of oil-soluble azone mix homogeneously by mass fraction, obtain multiple agent of turning black;
C () weighs 0.17 part of petroleum sulfonate and 0.33 part of binary acid mix homogeneously by mass fraction, obtain brightener;
D () weighs refining base oil 17 parts by mass fraction, be subsequently adding the cold agent again of urging prepared in step (a), stirring at normal temperature 30min, formation mixture 1;
E () weighs 1 part of surfactant by mass fraction, be subsequently adding in step (c) brightener prepared, and mix homogeneously post-heating, to 30 DEG C, after insulation 30min, obtains mixture 2;
F mixture 1 in step (d) is mixed homogeneously by () with the mixture 2 in step (e), be then heated to 30 DEG C of insulation 20min, obtain mixture 3;
G multiple for blackout in step (b) agent heating is joined in the mixture 3 obtained in step (f) by () after 50 DEG C, stir 45min, obtains above-mentioned a kind of can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout。
Under this implementation condition, the quenching liquid of preparation has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, the advantage of for shelf-stable, and after lucifuge is placed 2 years, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon will not occur quenching oil;The prepared kinematic viscosity from the quenching oil that turns black is 45-65mm2/ s, to the cooling rate of bearing steel class part at 65-75 DEG C/s, can generate, at bearing steel class piece surface, the rete that the uniformity is consistent with glossiness while quenching, rete is tack-free, rete is strong with the adhesion of metal surface, is suitable for small size bearing steel part (referring to the bearing that nominal outside diameter size range is 28-55mm and the bearing steel class part that nominal outside diameter size range is below 26mm) quenching of certainly turning black。
Embodiment 3
A kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, it is characterised in that: its constituent and each constituent mass number be: refining base oil (kinematic viscosity 28-42mm2/ s, pour point≤-9 DEG C, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g) 19 parts, urge cold multiple agent 0.2 part, the multiple agent 0.3 part of blackout, brightener 0.2 part, 2 parts of surfactant。
The mixture urging cold multiple agent to be polyisobutylene and EPDM, wherein polyisobutylene is 2:1 with the mass ratio of EPDM;The multiple agent of described blackout is the mixture of acrylate, stain and wetting agent, and wherein acrylate, stain (BlackAFR, the oil stain that BASF AG produces) and the mass ratio of wetting agent (oil-soluble azone) are 1:2:1;Described brightener is the mixture of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid, wherein the mass ratio 1:2 of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid;Surfactant is oiliness phenolic resin。
The quenching oil of the present embodiment turns black after making bearing steel (including bearing ring, roller, retainer etc.) quenching certainly, the bearing steel class part after quenching is made to have desirable microstructure form, obtain desirable quenching hardness and metallographic structure, it is achieved the mechanical strength of workpiece needs and toughness;Forming the membrane structure of densification at bearing steel class piece surface, it is achieved the effect turned black automatically in surface simultaneously, reduce heat treatment rear surface and be again coated with antirust treatment, save the energy, reduce operation, production efficiency improves at least 50%。
In order to obtain above-mentioned substance, a kind of preparation method that can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout, the steps include:
A () weighs 0.13 part of polyisobutylene and 0.07 part of EPDM mix homogeneously by mass fraction, be then heated to 65 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature and obtains urging cold multiple agent after insulation 1h;
B () weighs 0.075 part of acrylate, 0.15 part of BlackAFR and 0.075 part of oil-soluble azone mix homogeneously in proportion, obtain multiple agent of turning black;
C () weighs 0.07 part of petroleum sulfonate and 0.13 part of binary acid mix homogeneously by mass fraction, obtain brightener;
D () weighs refining base oil 19 parts by mass fraction, be subsequently adding the cold agent again of urging prepared in step (a), stirring at normal temperature 30min, formation mixture 1;
E () weighs 2 parts of surfactants by mass fraction, be subsequently adding in step (c) brightener prepared, and mix homogeneously post-heating, to 50 DEG C, after insulation 23min, obtains mixture 2;
F mixture 1 in step (d) is mixed homogeneously by () with the mixture 2 in step (e), be then heated to 35 DEG C of insulation 20min, obtain mixture 3;
G multiple for blackout in step (b) agent heating is joined in the mixture 3 obtained in step (f) by () after 50 DEG C, stir 60min, obtains above-mentioned a kind of can make after bearing steel by quenching from the quenching oil of blackout。
Under this implementation condition, the quenching liquid of preparation has that good dispersion, heat transfer performance be good, the advantage of for shelf-stable, and after lucifuge is placed 3 years, reunion iso-metamorphism phenomenon will not occur quenching oil;The prepared kinematic viscosity from the quenching oil that turns black is 20-30mm2/ s, to the cooling rate of bearing steel class part at 80-90 DEG C/s, is suitable for large scale Bearing Steel Parts (referring to the bearing steel class part that nominal outside diameter size range is 200-430mm) quenching of certainly turning black。
Claims (5)
1. the quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout, it is characterised in that: its composition and each constituent mass number be: refining base oil 17-19 part;
Urge cold multiple agent 0.2-0.6 part;
The multiple agent 0.1-0.3 part of blackout;
Brightener 0.2-0.5 part;
Surfactant 1-2 part;
The described mixture urging cold multiple agent to be polyisobutylene and EPDM, wherein polyisobutylene is 2:1 with the mass ratio of EPDM;The multiple agent of described blackout is the mixture of acrylate, stain and wetting agent, and wherein the mass ratio of acrylate, stain and wetting agent is 1:2:1。
2. a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described refining base oil 18 parts, urge cold multiple agent 0.3 part, the multiple agent 0.16 part of blackout, brightener 0.3 part, 1.24 parts of surfactant。
3. a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the kinematic viscosity 28-42mm of described refining base oil2/ s, pour point≤-9 DEG C, acid number≤0.02mgKOH/g。
4. a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described brightener is petroleum sulfonate and diacid blend, wherein the mass ratio 1:2 of petroleum sulfonate and binary acid;Described surfactant is oiliness phenolic resin。
5. a kind of quenching oil that can make after bearing steel by quenching from blackout according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described stain is BlackAFR, and described wetting agent is oil-soluble azone。
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CN104975151A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Alloy steel quenching oil composite |
CN105132096A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州市宝玛数控设备有限公司 | Metal cutting fluid for sand washers |
CN107999624B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 安徽力源数控刃模具制造有限公司 | A kind of use and processing method of the dedicated Bending Mould of safe door deckle board |
CN106893828A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-27 | 尚可仕工业介质(盐城)有限公司 | A kind of rapid quenching medium and preparation technology |
CN108118351B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-02-07 | 马鞍山金泉工业介质科技有限公司 | Special cleaning agent for bearing outer ring quenching oil and preparation method thereof |
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US8070885B2 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2011-12-06 | Shell Oil Company | Quenching fluid |
CN102382952A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-03-21 | 上海锦海特种润滑油厂 | Overspeed quenching oil and preparation method thereof |
CN102925881A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Low-medium temperature blackening conditioning fluid for steel |
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