CN1059687A - The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile - Google Patents

The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1059687A
CN1059687A CN 90108562 CN90108562A CN1059687A CN 1059687 A CN1059687 A CN 1059687A CN 90108562 CN90108562 CN 90108562 CN 90108562 A CN90108562 A CN 90108562A CN 1059687 A CN1059687 A CN 1059687A
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China
Prior art keywords
cylinder
signal transmission
handle
teleswitch
input
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CN 90108562
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迪尔·西蒙尼亚·塞思多尔
托罗斯基·拉茨罗
托思·尹斯特凡
瓦卢茨·盖奥吉
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Csepel Autogyar
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Csepel Autogyar
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Priority to CN 90108562 priority Critical patent/CN1059687A/en
Publication of CN1059687A publication Critical patent/CN1059687A/en
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of electro-pneumatic remote-controlled switchgear, be particularly useful for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile.Wherein the speed-changing mechanism (33) of driving device (11) and pneumatic choosing speed cylinder (a 34) driving that upward is provided with in choice direction (V) are connected, and the position number of described cylinder (34) is corresponding to switching channel (1-2 X, 3-4 X, 5-6 X, R X) number, other one or three positions conversion cylinders (35) are arranged on the conversion direction; The invention is characterized in that end position at described cylinder (35) has lower and a higher pressure stage respectively.

Description

The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile
The present invention relates to a kind of remote-controlled switchgear, by means of this, the driver can carry out correct speed change to the synchronization mechanism formula driving device away from him, just as the traditional shifter bar of manual control.
As everyone knows, part as automobile, especially for the automobile with rear-mounted engine or other different operating machines, driving device is usually located at the place away from the driver, therefore, the directly manual control of the speed-changing mechanism of driving device can connect by a connecting rod mechanism or a bow-shaped structural for less distance.Yet for automobile with radial type structure or Work machine, the driver is sitting in the top of one of hinged member, and driving device is positioned on another hinged member, and therefore, this scheme just can not adopt again.
For addressing the above problem, developed hydraulic pressure with the compressed-air controlled system.The essential characteristic of hydraulic efficiency pressure system is that the driver drives the piston of the hydraulic actuating cylinder be arranged in mutual vertical arrangement by means of shifter bar, therefrom the slave cylinder piston that links to each other with the speed-changing mechanism of driving device of the hydraulic fluid of Pai Chuing.This scheme is for example at DE-OS2, and 510,392, DE-OS2,700,837, DE-OS2 is described in 935,377 and HU-PS192,487.This means that hydraulic efficiency pressure system is based on direct transfer function power, consequently, when distance is big, because the friction driver of fluid has to apply a sizable power.
For up to the present simple solution of description, the driver handles the mobile shifter bar of traditional shifter bar and transmitting movement and power just as him in the same way.
For pneumatic system, the speed-changing mechanism of driving device is connected to the conversion cylinder that is arranged in conversion and the choice direction, promptly is connected to the piston rod that selects fast cylinder.Conversion cylinder and select fast cylinder to be connected to the compressed air system of automobile by valve, the driver both can mechanically also can handle these valves by electric controling mode.
Part as pneumatic system, in order to finish electrical control, the unique task of driver is exactly press push button or pulling control stalk, as common automatic driver, although these systems are simple, but great majority are coarse, and the possibility of driver's misoperation is sizable, and driving device will damage in the time of quite lacking simultaneously.On the contrary, work better, more the failure-free system is extremely complicated.For this reason, the improvement to said system is the manipulation of the traditional shifter bar of simulation to a certain extent.
HU-PS187 for example, disclosed electro-pneumatic system in 345.At this, a remote-controlled switchgear be arranged on the driver at one's side and with traditional mapping mode mobile remote control switch handle.With corresponding each position of single gear, this teleswitch handle activates an electric switch, these electric switches are controlled pneumatic conversion cylinder and are driven the electromagnet of valve of the choosing speed cylinder of speed-changing mechanism.This system can not show speed-change process to the driver, is at the most to show that by signal lamp this process finishes.Because the operating difficulties of pneumatic working cylinder added flow regulating valve usually before it, yet this solution is desirable to the driving device that is connected to automobile by a hydraulic torque changer only.
At DE-OS3, disclosed remote-controlled switchgear can be used for same system basically in 138,827.Therefore this structure comprises the electromagnet and the sensor of right quantity, and a given signal combination corresponds to the selected position of teleswitch handle.
For similar purpose, at US-PS4, the improvement to described remote-controlled switchgear is disclosed in 646,582, compare with such scheme, because a spring-loaded spherical registration device is fixed on its adjusting position with described switch, this scheme is safer.In addition, also have a pneumatic driving structure in speed-changing mechanism, it makes the teleswitch handle keep the required shift motion length of speed change in the position therebetween.
At US-PS4, the teleswitch of describing in 516,669 has been considered the possibility of driver's misoperation, and make speed-changing mechanism increase fault-tolerant ability, only when the disengaging of clutch state, just can carry out speed change, and only speed change by give graded finish after power-transfer clutch could engage.
US-PS4,633,987 disclose a kind of remote-controlled switchgear of air operated control of special use, and it also is that released state at power-transfer clutch works, and the teleswitch handle is only finished the end position that switching process (task of pneumatic cylinders) just can be placed in the conversion stroke afterwards.
At US-PS4,646, describe required solution in 870 by rights in detail, this is an electro-pneumatic teleswitch unit, by means of it, the moving of speed-changing mechanism of the mobile and driving device of teleswitch handle replaced by being called potentiometric analog signal transmission device, and at this, pneumatic working cylinder stops the teleswitch handle to move into the end position of conversion stroke before finishing speed change.
Obviously, these remote-controlled switchgears have satisfied different needs, but they are not satisfactory.As everyone knows, the gear shift of synchronous mode driving device divides two steps to finish.At first all synchronous devices activated, and only after finishing synchronously, actual gear shift just begins.Need a less power synchronously, and gear shift needs a bigger power, chaufeur can be felt these well by traditional shifter bar, and this is the most important condition precedent that carries out smooth shifting.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to improve a kind of electro-pneumatic remote-controlled switchgear, its complete drive simulating person is to the meticulous operation of the shifter bar of driving device, and simultaneously, it accurately simulates the gearshift procedure that is undertaken by chaufeur.
The present invention is based on such understanding, promptly has only by adopting a suitable pneumatic working cylinder or suitable pneumatics to finish, and this device can produce the power of required different sizes in gearshift procedure.Simultaneously, adopt the signal transmission device of necessary amount and the motion that a brake equipment can be controlled the teleswitch handle, with regard to moving range and move with regard to the required power, described motion is similar to the motion of traditional shifter bar.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of electro-pneumatic remote-controlled switchgear, the transmission system that is particularly useful for the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile, wherein have one to be arranged on the pneumatic choosing speed of in the choice direction and the controlled bonded assembly of speed-changing mechanism driving device cylinder, the number of its active position is corresponding with the number of switching channel.In addition, one or three paths conversion cylinder is arranged on the diverting passageway: select fast cylinder and conversion cylinder to be connected to compressed air source by electromagnetic valve, this device comprises one by driver-operated teleswitch unit, it has a teleswitch handle, this handle has and the corresponding a plurality of positions of the shift mode of driving device, and respectively be arranged on select and conversion direction on controlled connection of signal transmission device, and this signal transmission device passes through a control unit and is connected with electromagnetic valve.
This device is characterised in that, at end position conversion cylinder two-stage is arranged, one-level is used for less pressure, one-level is used for bigger pressure, be arranged on the number of the number of the transmitter in the choice direction in the teleswitch unit corresponding to the teleswitch passage, on conversion direction, have two signal transmission devices at least, each all is symmetrical arranged with respect to the center, the outer end of the signal transmission device of close center is connected to when the conversion cylinder is in end position and produces on the valve of less magnitude pressure, and decentering position signal transmission device and controlled connection of valve that when the conversion cylinder is in end position, produces higher magnitude pressure far away, this conversion cylinder has the signal transmission device of an indication end position at least, in teleswitch, the teleswitch handle is connected with a brake equipment pressure that is activated by auxiliary power source, this brake equipment be arranged on the teleswitch unit in be in controlled connection of signal transmission device on the conversion direction.
Most preferred embodiment according to this device of the present invention, the teleswitch unit comprises the signal transmission device that is arranged on the conversion direction, its signal transmission component has opening, this element is connected with the teleswitch handle is controlled, the motion path and the slit of opening are consistent with each other, having at least on the motion path before two detectors that produce electric signal by means of luminous effect are arranged on the slit, the mutual visual field relation of described detector preferably changes between 0.5 to 1 times of visual field.An other signal transmission unit is connected with the teleswitch handle is controlled, and it comprises an independent opening, a slit preferably, and before this slit, the midway location place of teleswitch handle is provided with the detector that produces an electric signal by means of luminous effect.
Another most preferred embodiment according to this device of the present invention, have a plurality of openings and with the controlled bonded assembly signal transmission component of teleswitch handle, and the signal transmission component with an independent slit constitutes an integral unit, and the motion path in this independent slit is positioned at outside the motion path in other slit.
According to the 3rd most preferred embodiment of the present invention, with the length of the controlled bonded assembly signal transmission component of teleswitch handle at least should and two limit positions between distance consistent, and in its length range, have opening or a slit, and the width in these slits is corresponding with the width in the detector visual field, its spacing equals the twice in the detector visual field, in addition, two detectors that are arranged on the motion path of described slit are placed in the signal transmitting apparatus that links to each other with the subelement of the control unit of finishing the counting task.
According to the 4th most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the brake block device of teleswitch unit comprise one on conversion direction with teleswitch handle pressure bonded assembly slide block, and have the line of induction electromagnet or a pneumatic working cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder vertical with respect to this slide block friction surface, and the power that produces less than the power that puts on slide block by teleswitch handle chaufeur at the friction force that the friction surface of electromagnet or pneumatic working cylinder or hydraulic cylinder produces.
According to the 5th most preferred embodiment of the present invention, be formed with two impingement areas on the slide block of brake block device, between this, be provided with the teleswitch handle or with handle pressure bonded assembly cushion rubber, distance between the impingement area is greater than the size teleswitch handle or that be arranged on the cushion rubber between this, and by means of two springs with identical elastic force teleswitch handle or cushion rubber is bearing on the slide block along the impingement area direction.
According to the 6th most preferred embodiment of the present invention, effective piston face of determining conversion cylinder center is less than effective piston face of determining end position.
According to the 7th most preferred embodiment of the present invention, can give cylinder cavity filling pressurized air and therefore add a pressure purger between the valve of the center of definite cylinder and the compressed air source.
According to the 8th most preferred embodiment of the present invention, all communicate with compressed air source at all cylinder cavitys of center of changing cylinder.
According to another most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston rod of conversion cylinder is connected with a signal transmission device pressure, this transmitter has three sections on sense of displacement, in these three sections, the height of interlude is different from other height of two sections, one detector is used to this signal transmission device, before a limit section of each this transmitter of end position of changing cylinder is positioned at this detector.
At last, also should be taken into account such advantage, if the signal transmission device that has been arranged in the outside of a certain signal transmission device and each position, those transmitting devices that select fast cylinder and the choice direction arranges that accordingly the signal transmission device that belongs to the same transitions path so is interconnected with one another with the permission gear shift teleswitch the unit in.
The present invention is described in detail some most preferred embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings to it.
Fig. 1 is the unit connection diagram of remote-controlled switchgear;
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are two cutaway views of one of teleswitch unit;
Fig. 4 is the arrangement plan of teleswitch unit;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view along III line among Fig. 2 of the signal transmission device of teleswitch unit;
Fig. 6 is along the cutaway view of IV line among Fig. 2 of teleswitch unit;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal sectional view of a possible embodiment of conversion cylinder;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of control unit;
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of detection side to subelement;
Figure 10 be just-circuit diagram of counting in reverse subelement;
Figure 11 is the element circuit figure that produces absolute value and comparative figure;
Figure 12 is controlled at the circuit diagram of the subelement of the motion on the conversion direction;
Figure 13 is the circuit diagram of the comparison subelement of the position in choice direction relatively;
Figure 14 is the circuit diagram that is controlled at the subelement that moves in the choice direction;
Figure 15 is the circuit diagram of the subelement of control electromagnet;
Figure 16 is the another kind of pattern of the signal transmission component of teleswitch unit;
Figure 17 to Figure 19 has shown three cutaway views of another kind of teleswitch unit;
The transmitter of Figure 20 on conversion direction, being provided with;
Figure 21 is a kind of possible pattern of brake block device.
Usually for the electro-pneumatic system, the teleswitch of driving device needs three elementary cells, and they are teleswitch unit, be arranged on the performance element on the driving device and set up the control unit of annexation between them.They can be modified and be provided with separately, and mutual subordinate, what only need consider is their coordination connection.
For the ease of narration, we will illustrate the present invention by describing the teleswitch that reality made in detail, and in order, what must emphasize is that each discrete-component in the structure can suitable given meter good element be replaced by any other.This will be confirmed by further example according to common needs.
Figure 1 shows that each unit of a teleswitch that is used for driving device, it is used to a synchronization mechanism formula driving device 11 with reverse gear of six D Drives.
Speed-changing mechanism 9 is arranged on the driving device 11, driving device 11 is connected with teleswitch unit 7 by control unit 10, as shown in Figure 1, they also are connected with pedal of clutch 8, the effect of this pedal will be described in detail later, yet, must point out emphatically this pedal the present invention is absolutely necessary.
Teleswitch unit 7 is described with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 6.
Teleswitch handle 12 is finished the function of common shifter bar, by means of the socket and ball joint 14 in the teleswitch unit housing in the gear shift scheme circuit as shown in Figure 4 13, handle 12 can rotate, and according to the selected gear that will change, this conversion is corresponding to having switching channel 1-2 x, 3-4 x, 5-6 xAnd R xGear shift arrange 52 and have common two H shapes, at switching channel 1-2 xTwo ends, the position of handle 12 is corresponding to 1 grade and 2 grades; And at switching channel 3-4 xTwo ends, the position of handle 12 is corresponding to 3 grades and 4 grades; At switching channel 5-6 xTwo ends, the position of handle 12 is corresponding to 5 grades and 6 grades; At switching channel R xThe place, handle 12 is corresponding to reverse gear; Neutral Position N is positioned at switching channel 3-4 xOn.
Signal transmission device sends the key role of teleswitch handle 12 to control unit.Teleswitch handle 12 is on the plane of movement of choice direction v, on choice direction v, with switching channel 1-2 xCooresponding detector EV12 is with 3-4 xCooresponding detector EV34 is with 5-6 xCooresponding detector EV5.6 and and R xCooresponding detector EVR is arranged on the bottom of housing 13.Described EV12, EV34, EV56 and EVR are sensor detector.The lower end of teleswitch handle 12 is connected with rocker bearing 15, if the teleswitch handle moves on conversion direction k, bearing 5 always covers in of detector.Correspondingly, the transmitter in choice direction produces required signal, thus detector EV12, EV34, EV56 and EVR produce required signal with bearing 15.
Demonstration is very complicated corresponding to the signal transmission of the position of handle 12 on conversion direction k, thereby realizes that its required structure is just more complicated.
In housing 13, import connecting rod 16 between socket and ball joint 14 and the bearing 15 so that convertible on conversion direction k.One guide groove 17 is arranged in connecting rod 16, and teleswitch handle 12 therein can be along freely moving on choice direction V rather than the conversion direction k.
Signal transmission component 18 is installed on the end of connecting rod 16, element 18 is represented with the ratio of amplifying in Fig. 5, in fact, it is a plate, its plane parallel is in the displacement along conversion direction k, and its longer sides is towards conversion direction k, its longitudinal edge one of have 21 slits 20 with same widths s, these slits are separated by spacing o, and the length of spacing o is the twice of width s.For ease of understanding, among Fig. 5 described slit 20 is numbered, from 0 of centre, be to the right+1-+10 to be left-1--10.The path P of sensing slit 20 motion for this reason 1Consistent with conversion direction k and parallel.The length 1 that has slit 20 parts on the signal transmission component 18 is corresponding to the length L between the two limit positions of signal transmission component 18.
At another longitudinal edge of signal transmission component 18 one width being arranged is the single slit 19 of s, its motion path P 2Be positioned at path P 1The outside, yet they are parallel to each other.
Detector EK0, EK1 and EK2 are used for the displacement of induced signal transfer element 18, and in design, these are the detectors that produce signal by means of luminous effect, are also referred to as shutter gate, and their visual field f is respectively corresponding to the width s of slit 19 and 20.
Detector EK0 is arranged on the motion path P in slit 19 2On, and EK1 and EK2 along the slit 20 motion path P 1Be provided with.Its interrelation is, the distance between detector EK1 and EK2 is that half of described gap width is s/2.
Element 18 and detector EK0, EK1 and EK2 are formed in the signal transmission device on the conversion direction k together.
The slide block 21 that has a spheroidal graphite iron to make on the horizontal surface on housing 13 tops has an oblong gap 22 along choice direction v in the slide block 21, and teleswitch handle 12 can unhinderedly move on choice direction v in this gap.The side surface in gap 22 forms impingement area 25, and therebetween apart from the value of u diameter d greater than handle.
Be parallel to choice direction v at slide block 21 tops, have the spring 23 and 24 of the same size that is formed by wide spring leaf bending, they are holding handle 12 and are holding it in center with respect to slide block 21.Select the width of spring 23,24 should make them can hold handle 12 and be located at any position on the choice direction v.
In housing 13, an annular electromagnet M is arranged below the slide block 21, it with socket and ball joint 14 coaxial settings and its axis normal in the friction surface 26 of slide block 21 bottoms.Electromagnet M and slide block 21 form the brake block device F of teleswitch unit together.
About housing 13, at choice direction v upper spring described handle is remained on its Neutral Position N, correspondingly at this return.On handle 12, be lower than the part of socket and ball joint, be provided with plate 27 and its longitudinal axis is parallel with conversion direction k.Coil spring 28,29 is straining at plate 27, and their other end is by housing 13 supportings.One short coil spring 30 is arranged, if the teleswitch handle is switched to switching channel 5-6 in the spring 29 xWhen last, plate 27 will touch spring 30, and also by housing 13 supportings, it is much harder than spring 28,29, only in this way just can avoid unconsciously switching to reverse gear R for spring 30.
Housing 13 tops as shown in Figure 6, form the regional boundary 32 of gear shift circuit Figure 52 at this by lid 31 sealings.
The version of speed-changing mechanism 9 is clearly provided by Fig. 1, and the transmission system 33 of driving device 11 is the choosing speed cylinder 34 of a pneumatic actuation, and it links to each other with the piston rod that also is the conversion cylinder 35 of pneumatic actuation.
Selecting fast cylinder 34 is a four-way road cylinder, and its three positions are determined that by pneumatics its home position is by the assurance that is used for of spring.At this, the details that we needn't the fast cylinder of the described choosing of worry about, this four-way road cylinder can be replaced by two path cylinders.
Conversion cylinder 35 shown in Figure 7 is one or three position cylinders, and two floating pistons 37 are installed on alternating expression piston rod 36, thereby, towards the cylinder cavity V that determines piston rod 36 middle positions 0Effective piston face AK less than towards the cylinder cavity V that determines piston rod 36 end positions 1And V 2Effective piston face AS.Therefore, conversion cylinder 35 has two-stage at the pressure of extreme position this depends on the cylinder cavity V that whether has only definite end position 1Or V 2, perhaps determine the cylinder cavity V of middle position 0Link to each other with compressed air source.
The end of piston rod 36 is formed with annular groove 38 within the distance corresponding to three positions of piston, the ball 41 of registration device 39 is suppressed into this groove by spring 40, and certainly, this also can be finished by two position pneumatic cylinders.
Select fast cylinder 34 and conversion cylinder 35 all to be connected compressed air source (not shown) herein.Cylinder 34 is by valve SV12, and SV56 and SVR control, and cylinder 35 is by valve SK0, SK1 and SK2 control.As for their structure, all these valves all are Electromagnetically actuated two-position three-way valves.
The piston rod place of cylinder 34, detector ES12, ES34, ES56 and ESR detect the instantaneous position of transmission system 33, and finish same task at the cylinder 35 detector ES0 of place, and all these detectors are induction type.
The setting of detector ES0 and its function can at length be understood from Fig. 7.On piston rod 36, has section P as signal transmission device 0, and the both sides section P that is used as identical purpose 1And P 2, section P 0Turning forms constriction, causes the size section of the being different from P of this section 1, P 2Size, detector ES0 also is arranged on herein.Constriction has a width, at the middle position section P of this piston rod 36 0Be positioned at before the detector ES0.From certain meaning, detect piston rod 36 with signal detector ES0 and in other words change cylinder 35 and whether be in its middle position or occupy at end position.
Being connected between pedal of clutch 8 and apparatus of the present invention is indispensable, utilized this connection as the preceding structure of having addressed, and the control unit that the back will be described also based on this, so we has to relate to once more it.The one detector ET based on principle of induction is set for pedal of clutch 8, sends a signal when being depressed with convenient pedal of clutch 8.
Realize between teleswitch unit 7 and the variable-speed unit that synchronously bonded assembly control unit 10 is made up of electronic component.Both having made does not have as herein describedly can finish by means of simple delay yet, and still, such control setup is extremely complicated, needs big space in addition.For the convenience on arranging, can imagine that it should be feasible adopting the electronic component of different types, only be one in the solution at the embodiment that this limited.
As shown in Figure 1, the input of control unit 10 is connected to detector EK1, input 102 is connected to detector EK2, input 103 is connected to detector EK0, input 104 is connected to detector ET, input 105 is connected to detector ES0, input 106 is connected to detector ES12, and input 107 is connected to detector ES34, and input 108 is connected to detector ES56, input 109 is connected to detector ESR, input 110 is connected to detector EV12, and input 111 is connected to detector EV34, and input 112 is connected to detector EV56, input 113 is connected to detector EVR, is connected to valve SK and export 115 2, output 116 is connected to valve SK 1, output 114 is connected to valve SK 0, output 117 is connected to valve SV 12, output 118 is connected to valve SVR, and output 119 is connected to valve SV 56, output 120 is connected to electromagnet M.
In order to understand better and to be convenient to explanation, the various piece of control unit 10 is divided into subelement, as shown in Figure 8, control unit 10 comprise the detection side to subelement 43, just-counting in reverse unit 44, the subelement 45 that produces absolute value and compare, be controlled at the subelement 46 of the motion on the conversion direction, relatively the subelement 49 of the subelement 48 of the position in choice direction and control electromagnet also comprises matching section I that is used for the matched signal level and the power amplifier T that guarantees control level.
The detection side to subelement 43 input 121 by matching section I be connected to the input 101, input 122 is connected to input 102 by matching section I, input 124 is connected to the output 124 of the subelement 45 that produces absolute value and compare, and export 125 inputs that are connected to subelement 45, and output 126 and 127 just is being connected to- input 126 and 127 of counting in reverse subelement 44.
In addition, the input 126,127 of just foregoing-counting in reverse subelement 44 also has an input 123 to be connected to input 103 by matching section I.
The output 128,129,130,131 and 132 of described subelement 44 is connected to the input (input has identical numbering) of subelement 45, and exports 136 inputs 136 that are connected to the subelement 46 that is controlled at the motion in the choice direction.
Produce and relatively the subelement 45 of absolute value input 128,129,130,131 with 132 with and export 124 be connected above made description.Its output 133,135 is connected to the input of the corresponding numbering that is controlled at the subelement 46 that moves on the conversion direction, and exports 134 inputs of identical numbering that are connected to the subelement 49 of control electromagnet.
Be controlled at the input 133,135 of subelement 46 and 136 be connected and make description of the motion on the conversion direction, in addition, input 137,141 is connected to the output of identical numbering of the subelement 47 of the position of comparison in choice direction, is connected to input 103 and import 123 by the preceding matching section I that has addressed.Outside in output, output 142 is connected to output 114 by power amplifier T, output 138 is connected to output 115 by power amplifier T, output 139 is connected to output 116 by power amplifier T, output 140 is connected to the input of the identical numbering of the subelement 49 of controlling electromagnet, and power amplifier T is connected to input 104 by an input 144 by matching section I.
Relatively the input 106,110,107,111,108,112,109 and 113 of the subelement 47 of the position in choice direction is connected to the input of the identical numbering of control unit 10.Known output 137 and 141 be connected, in addition, the latter also is connected to the input of identical numbering of the subelement 49 of control electromagnet.
The input 110,112 that is controlled at the subelement 48 of the motion in the choice direction is connected to the input of the identical numbering of control unit 10 with 113, all is connected to output 117,118,119 respectively by power amplifier and export 146,147,148.
At last, description has been made in the connection of output of the subelement 49 of control electromagnet, equally also known import 134,140 with 141 be connected.Input 143,123 and 144 is connected to input 105,103 and 104 by matching section I respectively, and its unique output 145 is connected to output 120 by power amplifier T.
In the subelement 49 of control electromagnet, according to its special function, can further mark off two fractions is the square frame 50 of deferred telegram magnet switching and the square frame 51 of timing release magnet.
Control unit 10 is divided into subelement, from they title as can be known, the function of this and they matches, and can understand the function of described control unit 10 thus better.Yet the subelement of forming control unit 10 is not also strictly defined, and in the control unit of being made up of complicated microelectronic element, according to aforesaid basic function dividing mode, may be beyond recognition out the function that subelement can not be understood control unit.
The scheme circuit of above-mentioned subelement is seen Fig. 9 to Figure 15.In the actual application of control unit 10, in fact adopted various electronic component, comprise many arithmetic elements, as previously mentioned, in fact control unit 10 is not only to be made up of subelement, and the arithmetic element that some electronic component is accompanied by them is to occur in the subelement that defines one or more people respectively.
In actual application, control unit 10 is made up of following elements, we adopt the title of " technology publisher " IC split catalog to represent it: IC1 Schmidt trigger (CD-40106), comprise four arithmetic element IC2/1-IC2/4(4030) the IC2 partial sum gate, " non-with " door (4011) that comprises four arithmetic element IC3/1-IC3/4, the IC4D(4013 that comprises arithmetic element IC4/1-IC4/2) type " on-off " bistable circuit, just-counting in reverse unit IC5 and IC6(4029), the partial sum gate IC7(4030 that comprises four arithmetic element IC7/1-IC7/4), 4-digit number comparator IC8(74C85) and IC9(74C85), the reverser IC10(4069 that comprises six arithmetic element IC10/1-IC10/6), comprise four arithmetic element IC11/1-IC11/4, IC12/1-IC12/4, IC13/1-IC13/4(4081) AND gate IC12 and IC13 comprise the driver stage IC14(4050 of six arithmetic element IC14/1-IC14/6) and comprise the OR-gate IC15(4071 of four arithmetic element IC15/1-IC15/4).In assembling process, also adopted resistor R 1-R 7, cond C 1-C 8With diode D 1-D 8(4148).
Introduce the formation of each subelement in detail with reference to Fig. 9 to Figure 15.
Detection side shown in Figure 9 to the input 121 of subelement 43 directly with the input of arithmetic element IC2/1 in one link to each other, it also passes through resistor R 1Link to each other with another input of IC2/1.Resistor R 1Pass through cond C with the intersection point of arithmetic element IC2/1 1Ground connection, input 121 also directly with the input of arithmetic element IC2/2 in one of link to each other.
Input 122 directly with the input of arithmetic element IC2/3 in one of link to each other, and pass through resistor R 2Link to each other resistor R with another input of IC2/3 2Pass through cond C with the intersection point of arithmetic element IC2/3 2 Ground connection.Input 122 also directly links to each other with another input of arithmetic element IC2/2.
Resistor R is passed through in the output of arithmetic element IC2/1 3Be connected in the input of arithmetic element IC3/1, resistor R 3Pass through cond C with the intersection point of arithmetic element IC3/1 4Ground connection.The output of arithmetic element IC2/1 also is connected directly to the signal input D of arithmetic element IC4/1.
The output of arithmetic element IC2/2 is connected to two inputs of arithmetic element IC3/2, and the output of unit IC3/2 is connected directly to the clock signal input CLK of arithmetic element IC4/1, with a cond C 3Inserting output and the resetting of unit IC4/1 of arithmetic element IC3/2 imports between the R and ground connection.
The input S(set input of arithmetic element IC4/1) ground connection, output Q directly links to each other with the signal input D of arithmetic element IC4/2 and the input of arithmetic element IC3/3, and output Q is connected to another input of arithmetic element IC3/1, and output Q also is output 127 simultaneously.
Resistor R is passed through in the output of arithmetic element IC2/3 4Link to each other resistor R with another input of arithmetic element IC3/3 4Pass through cond C with the intersection point of arithmetic element IC2/3 5Ground connection.
The output of the output of arithmetic element IC3/1 and unit IC3/3 is connected to each input of arithmetic element IC3/4, and the output of unit IC3/4 represented output 126, and partly be connected in the input of arithmetic element IC15/1 one, and the intersection point of the input of the output of described unit IC3/4 and unit IC15/1 is through cond C 6Ground connection.
Another input of arithmetic element IC15/1 is connected to input 124, and its output is connected to the clock signal input CLK of arithmetic element IC4/2.
The set input S of arithmetic element IC4/2 resets with it and imports the equal ground connection of R, and its output Q produces output 125, and output Q does not connect output.
As shown in Figure 10, just-counting in reverse subelement 44 just comprising-backward counter IC5 and IC6.
Input A, B, C and the D of described counting machine IC5 and the equal ground connection of permission input CI, clock signal input CLK is connected to input 126, suppress input PE and be connected to input 123, two/decimal scale input B/ D of counting machine is connected to power supply, and the lifting/lowering of counting machine input U/ D is connected to input 127.Output QA, QB, QC, QD be simultaneously as output 128,129,130,131, and the output CO that produces the final value signal just is being connected to-and the clock signal input CLK of backward counter IC6.
The next door of the clock signal input CLK of above-mentioned counting machine IC6, only two/decimal scale input B/ D and its lifting/lowering input U/ D with signal source bonded assembly inhibition input PE, counting machine is connected to input 123, power supply and input 127 respectively.In the final value signal that output produces unique be used be output CO, it also represents output 132 and 136.
As shown in Figure 11, producing and comparing in the subelement 45 of absolute value, input 125 is connected in the input of arithmetic element IC2/4, in like manner, input 128,129,130 and 131 is connected in the input of corresponding arithmetic element IC7/1, IC7/2, IC7/3 and IC7/4 respectively, and another input of said units IC2/4, IC7/1, IC7/2, IC7/3, IC7/4 interconnects and link to each other with input 132.
Arithmetic element IC2/4 provides output 133.
The output of arithmetic element IC7/1 is connected to the input A0 of digital comparator IC8 and IC9, and the output of arithmetic element IC7/2 is connected to input A1, and the output of unit IC7/3 is connected to input A2, and the output of unit IC7/4 is connected to input A3.
Input B0, B1, B2 and the B3 of digital comparator IC8 and IC9 is basic signal input, and input A＜B and A=B are connected to power supply, and input A＞B is connected to input B2.
As shown in figure 12, in the subelement 46 of the motion on being controlled at conversion direction, input 133 is connected respectively in the input of arithmetic element IC11/2 and IC11/1.
Another input of arithmetic element IC11/2 135 links to each other with input, and it is exported by arithmetic element IC10/2 and is connected in the input of arithmetic element IC15/2 one.Another input of arithmetic element IC15/2 links to each other with input 141, and it is output as output 142.
Another input of arithmetic element IC11/1 is connected to input 123 by a Schmidt trigger IC1.Be connected in the input of arithmetic element IC12/1, another part is output 140 output of arithmetic element IC11/1.Another input of arithmetic element IC12/1 is connected to input 136, and its output is connected respectively to the input of arithmetic element IC12/2 and IC12/3.
Another input of arithmetic element IC12/3 is directly connected to input 137, and another input of arithmetic element IC12/2 is connected to input 137 by arithmetic element IC10/1.Arithmetic element IC12/2 is output as output 138, and arithmetic element IC12/3 is output as output 139.
As shown in Figure 13, relatively the input 106 and 110 of the subelement 47 of the position in choice direction is connected to the input of arithmetic element IC13/1, input 107 and 111 is connected to the input of arithmetic element IC13/2, input 108 and 112 is connected to the input of arithmetic element IC13/3, and input 109 and 113 is connected to the input of arithmetic element IC13/4.Corresponding separately diode D is passed through in the output of arithmetic element IC13/1, IC13/2, IC13/3 and IC13/4 respectively 5, D 6, D 7And D 8Interconnect, and directly link to each other with output 137, the output of above-mentioned arithmetic element also links to each other with output 141 by arithmetic element IC10/3, and passes through resistor R 5Ground connection.
As shown in Figure 14, the input 110 that is controlled at the subelement 48 of the motion in the choice direction is connected in the input of arithmetic element IC11/4 one; Input 112 partly is connected to another input of arithmetic element IC11/4 by arithmetic element IC10/6, and partly is connected to output 147 by arithmetic element IC14/2; Input 113 is connected to output 148 by arithmetic element IC14/3.The output of arithmetic element IC11/4 provides output 146 by arithmetic element IC14/1.
As shown in Figure 15, the subelement 49 of control electromagnet comprises the square frame 50 of deferred telegram magnet switching and the square frame 51 of timing release magnet.
Resistor R is passed through in input 134 7Partly be connected in the input of arithmetic element IC15/3, and by cond C 7Ground connection partly.Resistor R 7With cond C 7Constitute the square frame that deferred telegram magnet switches.
Input 143 partly is connected in the input of arithmetic element IC15/4, and by arithmetic element IC14/4, cond C 8Partly be connected to another input of arithmetic element IC15/3 with arithmetic element IC10/4.Regularly the square frame 51 of release magnet comprises arithmetic element IC14/4, cond C 8With arithmetic element IC10/4, and with cond C 8Be connected and other end connected to chassis resistor R with the intersection point of arithmetic element IC10/4 6
Input 140 is connected to another input of arithmetic element IC15/4.The input of the output of arithmetic element IC15/3 and unit IC15/4 all is connected to the input of arithmetic element IC11/3.The output of arithmetic element IC11/3 is by diode D 1Be connected to output 145, output 145 is also by diode D 2Be connected to input 141.
Input 123 is by diode D 4Be connected to the input of arithmetic element IC10/5, and import 144 inputs that are directly connected to arithmetic element IC10/5; The output of arithmetic element IC10/5 is by diode D 3Also be connected to output 145.
Matching section I and power amplifier T needn't be used to finish any task at control, and they do not constitute part of the present invention.Therefore, be unnecessary to their detailed description, this is known for the person skilled in art.
The remote-controlled switchgear that the present invention limited is operated as follows:
What need further specify is, under any one grade of situation about being hung up, the power supply of remote-controlled switchgear is cut off, speed-changing mechanism is in gearshift, teleswitch handle 12 also is in and the corresponding position of instantaneous gear simultaneously, from this point, whether the cut-out of power supply is owing to fault or because the result of parking of automobile is inessential.Therefore, remote-controlled switchgear is connected in the circuit network, so that just it was powered before car engine.
When chaufeur was planned starting, he applied voltage and gives remote-controlled switchgear, and controls by common mode by teleswitch handle 12, no matter has transformed to which gear.For the sake of simplicity, we begin narration from the Neutral Position N of teleswitch handle 12, this means that conversion cylinder 35 occupies middle position and selects fast cylinder 34 to be in switching channel 3-4 xOn, driving engine is started then.
Behind the fire an engine, with the mode identical with traditional automobile, chaufeur is by pedal of clutch 8 cut-off clutchs, depressing by detector ET of pedal 8 detects, and input 104 transmission one signal to control unit 10, by means of the effect of this signal that is transferred to input 104, this signal also appears in the output 144, and arrives in the input 144 of power amplifier T with input 144 and the subelement 49 of controlling electromagnet.
Power amplifier T applies a voltage on the electromagnet of valve SK0, SK1, SK2 by exporting 114,115,116, the result, and valve SK0, SK1, SK2 are opened and allow pressurized air to enter cylinder cavity V0, V1 and the V2 of conversion cylinder 35 from compressed air source.Thus, all cavitys of cylinder all are filled, thereby the power that acts on the piston 37 is in state of equilibrium, and piston rod 36 can not be moved.
When signal arrives the input 144 of the subelement 49 of controlling electromagnet, also will send, and described this signal only represents that one allows signal without any signal.
In order to drive automobile sport, chaufeur must be changed to deep low gear 1, for this reason, chaufeur in choice direction mobile remote control switch handle 12 to switching channel 1-2 xAt this moment, the bearing 15 that is positioned at teleswitch handle 12 ends will be on the detector EV12, detector EV12 sends the input 110 of a signal to control unit 10, thus, this signal is transferred to the input of the subelement 47 of the input of the subelement 48 that is controlled at the motion in the choice direction and the position of comparison in choice direction.
The subelement 48 that is controlled at the motion in the choice direction provides a signal to power amplifier T in its output 146, power amplifier T is by exporting 117 electromagnet that apply voltages to SV12.SV12 allows pressurized air to enter the suitable cavity that selects fast cylinder 34, and then, transmission system 33 switches to switching channel 1-2 on choice direction v xThe generation of choosing speed is responded to by detector ES12, and thus, a signal is transferred to the input 106 of control unit 10.
The signal that arrives input 106 is compared with the signal that arrives the relatively input 110 of the subelement 47 of the position in choice direction, if two signals are identical, if promptly teleswitch handle 12 is in identical switching channel 1-2 with transmission system 33 xOn, so relatively the subelement 47 in the position in the choice direction just produces a signal respectively in its output 137 and 141, and correspondingly is respectively applied for subelement 46 that is controlled at the motion on the conversion direction and the subelement 49 of controlling electromagnet.
By means of the input 144 of the subelement 49 that reaches the control electromagnet and 141 signal, one signal (also representing a permission signal) is reached power amplifier T, the power supply of its tripping magnet M then, the electromagnet of always keeping slide block 21 falls by slide block 21, thereby teleswitch handle 12 also can move on conversion direction k.
Chaufeur is at switching channel 1-2 then xUpper edge conversion direction k mobile remote control switch handle 12 is to the position corresponding to deep low gear 1.
By moving of described handle 12, signal transmission device 18 is also started, by means of this starting, the slit is removed from its position before detector EK0, detector ES0 sends a signal to the input 103 of control unit 10, and therefore, detector ES0 detects signal transmission device 18 and departs from its center.
Simultaneously, along with the displacement of signal transmission device 18, slit 20 also produces displacement, thereby is numbered 0 slit in the slit 20 and leaves detector EK2 at first fully, leaves detector EK1 then.Detector EK2 sends a signal to the input 102 of control unit 10, and detector EK1 sends a signal to the input 101 of control unit 10.The signal of detector EK1 and EK2 by suitable matching section I all arrive the detection side to subelement 43, the state of the signal of the detector EK2 that described subelement 43 arrives by the signal of judging prior to detector EK1 detects the displacement of teleswitch handle 12 on conversion direction k.
Just be transferred to-counting in reverse subelement 44 by matching section I by detector EK0 signal that sends and the signal that arrives input 103, sending instructions for subelement 44 and count with firing pulse.Come self-detector EK2 and EK1 signal with the pulse that is counted by the detection side to subelement 43 just reached-counting in reverse subelement 44, the instantaneous result that subelement 44 will be counted sends into the subelement 45 that produces and compare absolute value, in subelement 45, count results and predetermined value compare.
The same moved further of described teleswitch handle 12 and signal transmission device 18 is discussed now, in case 0 the slit of being numbered in slit 20 is left detector EK2 and EK1 respectively, the detection side to subelement 43 just determine the moving direction of signal transmission devices 18.This information is reached subelement 45 by means of subelement 43 with the form of signal.The subelement 45 of generation and comparison absolute value reaches this signal on the subelement 46 that is controlled at the motion on the conversion direction, subelement 46 cuts off the voltage on the electromagnet that is added in valve SK2 again by means of the signal that reaches power amplifier T, as a result, the cylinder cavity V2 of valve SK2 emptying conversion cylinder 35.
In case cylinder cavity V 2Be drained, the power in the conversion cylinder 35 is with regard to lack of equilibrium, because towards cylinder cavity V 0Effective piston area AK of floating piston 37 less than towards cylinder cavity V 1Piston action face AS, by means of the power corresponding to the difference of effective piston area AS and piston action face AK, piston rod 36 is to cylinder cavity V 2Move, and make transmission system 33 on conversion direction k, move to position, and deep low gear 1 is produced synchronously by means of power of this low magnitude corresponding to deep low gear 1.
Beginning along with synchronizing process, produce and relatively the subelement 45 of absolute value send a signal to the subelement 49 of control electromagnet, subelement 49-has the delayer of the square frame 50 with deferred telegram magnet handoff functionality that has been provided with-apply a voltage on the electromagnet M by means of the signal that reaches power amplifier T.As a result, electromagnet holds slide block 21, and at this moment, teleswitch handle 12 moves to an abut, so that 2 the slit 20 of being numbered of signal transmission device is in before detector EK2 and the EK1.Teleswitch handle 12 stop to inform carrying out synchronously of chaufeur deep low gear 1.
Can further be pushed to a certain degree with respect to slide block 21 teleswitch handles 12 to spring 24.Chaufeur can clash into the impingement area 25 of slide blocks 21 with described handle 12 now, 4 the slit 20 that is numbered of signal transmission device 18 arrives before detector EK2 and the EK1, the subelement 45 that produces this moment and compare absolute value is to subelement 46 transmission one additional signals that are controlled at the motion on the conversion direction and the signal of delivering to power amplifier T, and subelement 46 applies a voltage on the electromagnet of valve SK0.Valve SK0 makes the cylinder cavity V of conversion cylinder 35 then 0Emptying, the result, piston rod 36 will more be worked under the pressure of high-magnitude one.
The power of selected low magnitude is used for synchronously, and the power of higher magnitude is used for actual transforming gear, therefore, finishes the conversion of deep low gear 1 by means of transmission system 33 piston rods 36.In case piston rod 36 arrives its end position, the ball 41 of registration device is promptly suppressed the into groove 38 of piston rod 36.
The conversion of deep low gear 1 is responded to by detector ES0, this moment piston rod 36 necking section 42 leaving detector ES0 and arrive piston rod 36 the section P 1Before.The signal of detector ES0 is at first reached the input 105 of control unit 10, it is reached the subelement 49 of control electromagnet by matching section I thus, by means of signal that receives and the signal that reaches power amplifier T, the voltage of the subelement 49 tripping magnet M of control electromagnet M, as a result, electromagnet falls slide block 21.(square frame 50 of deferred telegram magnet release also postpones to discharge in this case, but this is inessential), teleswitch handle 12 can be pushed away forward at this moment.
Chaufeur moves on to switching channel 1-2 with teleswitch handle 12 now xThe end, teleswitch handle 12 collides guide groove 32, when described handle 12 is in this position,-10 the slit 20 of being numbered of signal transmission component is arrived at before detector EK2, the EK1, produce this moment and relatively the subelement 45 of absolute value repeatedly send a signal to the subelement 49 of control electromagnet, subelement 49(has a delayer of being made up of square frame 50) this signal is reached power amplifier T and then apply a voltage on the electromagnet M, so slide block 21 is held.
Need to postpone in order to make spring 24 turn back to its home position.When colliding guide groove 32 with convenient teleswitch handle 12, slide block 21 still can this means that spring 24 pushes away slide block 21 on the teleswitch handle 12 that is in collision status to front slide.If this situation does not take place, spring 24 will push back described handle 12, and this can be judged so that chaufeur is thrown off deep low gear 1 by control unit, and this uncertain situation approximately continues 150 milliseconds and eliminated by described delay.
The collision of aforesaid teleswitch handle 12 is judged that by chaufeur so that transform to finishing of deep low gear 1, thereby he makes clutch engagement.The release of pedal of clutch 8 comes sensing by detector ET, by means of the voltage of removing the electromagnet of valve SK corresponding to the signal of power amplifier T.The cylinder cavity V that makes conversion cylinder 35 by valve SK1 that finishes as for described process 1Emptying, piston rod 36 remains on this state by registration device 39.
From the above, the motion of described handle 12 is also carried out after finishing actual speed change step by conversion cylinder 35.It is any unfavorable that this " fascination " can not bring chaufeur, and teleswitch handle 12 is simulated the motion of traditional shifter bar fully simultaneously.
From the function of remote-controlled switchgear, the task of control unit 10 is very clearly, and they interconnect with function also be like this.Therefore do not need subelement is described further, yet, indispensable situation exception is arranged, we will refer to them once more in very necessary place.
When chaufeur is planned gear shift, he repeatedly depresses pedal of clutch 8, by means of the signal that detector ET sends, control unit 10 imposes on the electromagnet voltage of valve SK1, in the signal that the signal that is produced by detector ET has been represented to allow voltage to put on electromagnet M simultaneously one.According to induction, control unit 10 can not make electromagnet M outage.
Chaufeur draws teleswitch handle 12 towards middle position then, because electromagnet M sorption slide block 21 still, described handle 12 is only to move some distances towards spring 23.But this small displacement of moving signal transmission component 18 is enough, and therefore the slit 20 of being numbered before detector EK1, EK2-8 also has this displacement.Compare with aforesaid process, these will be covered by signal transmission component 18 in opposite induction direction.In case signal transmission component 18 activated, determine that according to the signaling control unit 10 of detector EK1, EK2 signal transmission components 18 move in opposite direction, correspondingly, the voltage of the electromagnet of its shutoff valve SK1 applies voltage for simultaneously the electromagnet of valve SK0.So far, the cylinder cavity V of conversion cylinder 35 1Be drained, and cavity V 0Be filled, piston rod 36 occupies its middle position.The piston rod 36 that moves into middle position by means of transmission system 33 is thrown off deep low gear 1.
Control unit 10 repeatedly applies a voltage to the electromagnet of valve SK1 and SK2 then, and valve SK1, SK2 finish the cylinder cavity V to conversion cylinder 35 1, V 2Filling.From certain meaning, all three cylinders also are filled, and it also is feasible promptly not having described maintained state of equilibrium.
In case have the section P of entire cross section on the piston rod 36 1Leave detector ES0, its signal indication be used for second that electromagnet discharges and allow signal, correspondingly, electromagnet must make slide block 21 fall; In order to prevent the swing of the teleswitch handle 12 that the issuable bigger motion in chaufeur offset from center position on same switching channel causes, cylinders 35 to be converted such as chaufeur palpus occupy the time of the required such length of its middle position.For this reason, the timing section of release magnet remains on 150 milliseconds, and, have only just to make the electromagnet energising after this, at this moment, teleswitch handle 12 can return its middle position.Obviously, the timing section of release magnet has important effect in the case.
As previously mentioned, in case the teleswitch handle occupies its middle position, the operation that transforms to next gear in the same way just can have been carried out.
Should ben situation be, when the synchronizer gear of a certain shelves in the gear damaged, speed change just can not be carried out, and with regard to the conversion of synchronizing cycle and speed change, electromagnet sucks back slide block 21.If gear shift is impossible, has the section P of the entire cross section of piston rod 36 1Can not arrive before the detector ES0.And owing to there is not the signal of detector ES0, the voltage of electromagnet can not removed in the unit 49 of control electromagnet, this means that described handle 12 can not be advanced to it at switching channel 1-2 xEnd position.This situation cause the same illusion of chaufeur, as if he can not finish gear shift with traditional shifter bar, so he is forced to seek another gear.
This moment, chaufeur moved teleswitch handle 12 again towards middle position, and the slit 20 of signal transmission component 18 will move on to opposite direction before detector EK1, the EK2 then.Control unit 10 is determined the change of the sense of motion of signal transmission component 18, and still, the slit 20 of signal transmission component 18 is no show detector EK0 also.As a result, the voltage that always is added on the electromagnet of valve SK1 and SK2 is removed immediately, and its purpose is speed change in the way you want.Only at the cylinder cavity V that changes cylinder 0In pressurized air be discharged from after, correspondingly piston just can be got back to middle position.
Should be understood that, from as can be known aforementioned, if teleswitch handle 12 starts in any direction of leaving its middle position on any switching channel, to react to rightabout the moving of described handle 12 at the place, any point of passage control unit 10, so that the voltage of the electromagnet of shutoff valve SK1, SK2, and apply voltage or keep it under the voltage effect for the electromagnet of valve SK0.Changing cylinder 35 with this makes transmission system be in middle position.
In the process of the function of describing remote-controlled switchgear, we are based on such fact, and promptly when starting automobile, teleswitch handle 12 and transmission system 33 all are in its Neutral Position, obviously automobile also can be stopped, so that all gears all remain on coupled condition.With this, chaufeur is just as the automobile that starts described above.
When automobile stopped, teleswitch handle 12 was in its middle position, but not at switching channel 3-4 xOn situation also may take place.At this, the most important thing is that all cylinder cavitys of described cylinder all do not contain pressurized air, spring wherein is arranged on switching channel 3-4 with piston rod xOn, promptly spring 27 and 29 is arranged on switching channel 3-4 with teleswitch handle 12 in the same way xOn.From certain meaning, even be in the state of disconnecting when remote-controlled switchgear, teleswitch handle 12 also keeps and selects fast cylinder 34 synchronous.Even not adopting described scheme also is feasible without spring also.In this case, remote-controlled switchgear is coupled with voltage, selects fast cylinder 34 must at first occupy and teleswitch handle 12 corresponding positions.
Discharge and keep about the delay of electromagnet, should be pointed out that this not only can be realized by the mode of electricity.If section P at piston rod 36 0Shorter than whole trip distance, detector ES0 will send a signal before will reaching the limit of the position prior to piston rod 36, and promptly when returning, section P from end position, therefore also can be passed through in bar 36 in the back 0Suitable selection and obtain postponing.
Signal transmission component 18 can have multiple different design, might not be comb shape, and Figure 16 has shown another kind of possibility form.
As for signal transmission component 53, it can be provided with identical with signal transmission component 18 in shape.Different is that it is to replace the slit with circular holes, at motion path P 1On seven holes 54 are arranged, at motion path P 2On a hole 55 is arranged.
The function in hole 54 is identical with slit 20, so they have the identical numbering in 20 present positions, slit.Hole 55 is provided with as slit 19 in the same way.
54 the motion path P in the hole 1On detector EK1, EK2 are set, 55 motion path P in the hole 2On detector EK0 is set.At this, the miles of relative movement s/2 of detector EK1 and EK2 is corresponding to half of visual field f, this value s/2 may be bigger, but, select a numerical value seemingly inappropriate greater than visual field f, because in this case, also must be equipped with bigger hole 54, its effect of remote-controlled switchgear as a result may be coarse.
Do not need to explain respectively that image signal transfer element 18 finishes the signal transmission component 53 of its task with the same manner, the most important thing is the design of control unit 10 and unit 10 send into produce and relatively the basic specification of the subelement 45 of absolute value can change.
The another kind of possible structure of remote-controlled switchgear can be found out from Figure 17 to Figure 19, for for simplicity, Figure 17 to Figure 19 has shown the remote-controlled switchgear 56 that has corresponding to the structure of the function of aforesaid driving device 11, this means that remote-controlled switchgear 56 also can be feature by gear shift route Figure 52, and the transmission system of driving device 11 can constitute in the same way.
In the housing 57 of remote-controlled switchgear 56 teleswitch handle 58 is installed, it can rotate at the pivot 60 that rotates and wind on choice direction v perpendicular to axle 59 around axle 59 on the conversion direction k.It must have gear shift route Figure 52 by the guide plate guiding on the last plane of housing 57 on this guide plate.
The spring of installing around axle 59 62 remains on its Neutral Position N with teleswitch handle 58, and an end of spring 62 is towards 58 supportings of teleswitch handle, and the other end is towards housing 57 supportings.In order to prevent from unconsciously to change to reverse gear, short spring 63 is installed in spring 62.
There are an actuation detector EV12 who on choice direction v, is provided with, the bearing 70 of EV34, EV56 and EVR, these detectors be based on principle of induction in the bottom of teleswitch handle 58.
Signal transmission component 64 is fixed on an end of axle 59, and as shown in Figure 20, this signal transmission component has long arc-shaped outer surface, detector EKK1 was set before this surface, EKS1, EDK2, EKK2 be in order to the motion of induction on conversion direction k, and these detectors also are based on principle of induction.
The arc-shaped outer surface length i of signal transmission component 64 is chosen such that detector EKK1, EKS1, the signal transmission component 62 that makes that EKS2, EKK2 are set up can hide all detectors respectively, but simultaneously all detectors all in limited range.
Slide block 65 is fixed on the other end of axle 59, pneumatic working cylinder 68 is perpendicular to the friction surface setting of slide block 65, the size of pneumatic working cylinder 68 is such design-calculateds, piston rod 67 should be able to produce a power to friction surface when it is provided pressure, and the medium manual force that this power can be added on teleswitch handle 58 overcomes.Slide block 65 is gentle to be started building to do cylinder 68 and constitutes brake block device F together.
Pneumatic working cylinder 68 is connected to compressed air source by the valve SF of a conduit 69 and a solenoid actuated.
Being connected this and also setting up between remote-controlled switchgear 56 and the transmission system 9 by means of a control unit.Although the signal transmission component 64 of described device 56 and the detector EKK1 that activates thus, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2 is being provided with quantitatively different with aforesaid embodiment, the functional element of considering control unit is known for the person skilled in art, at this not to they too much in addition explanations.
The operation of remote-controlled switchgear and teleswitch unit 56 wherein is as follows:
The action of the generation of signal and transmission system 9 is identical with aforesaid solution on choice direction v.
When transmission system 9 does not have to select switching channel corresponding to the position of teleswitch handle 58, control unit is given the electromagnet making alive of valve SF, valve SF gives pneumatic working cylinder inflation, and piston rod 67 is pressed towards friction surface 66, thus, slide block 65 is braked, the manual force that displacement one is bigger, this shows abnormal situation that exists, and gives the suitable information of chaufeur.When transmission system 9 had been selected suitable switching channel, teleswitch handle 58 can move on selected switching channel at an easy rate.
At the middle position of teleswitch handle 58, signal transmission component 64 hides detector EKS1, EKS2, and by means of the produced simultaneously signal of detector EKS1, EKS2, control unit will be changed the cylinder cavity V of cylinder 0, V 1And V 2Remain on full state.
When chaufeur prepares to change to deep low gear 1, he with teleswitch handle 58 on conversion direction k, switching channel 1-2 xGo up and corresponding to moving on the direction of deep low gear 1, along with moving of described handle 58, signal transmission component 64 works and leaves detector EKS2, at this moment, it only covers in EKS1.By means of the independent signal of detector EKS1, control unit is given the cylinder cavity V of the conversion cylinder 35 of sening as an envoy to 2The instruction of emptying is by carrying out with the pressure that hangs down magnitude synchronously of this process deep low gear 1.Control unit is given the electromagnet making alive of valve SF simultaneously, and valve SF gives pneumatic working cylinder 58 inflations, cylinder 68 brake silppers 65, i.e. brake block device F closure.
Utilize brake silpper 65, teleswitch handle 58 may be difficult to be moved, if chaufeur overcomes this brake action, and teleswitch handle 58 is pushed away forward, and signal transmission component 64 is further action also, hides detector EKS1 and EKK1 simultaneously.By means of EKS1 and the produced simultaneously signal of EKK1, control unit is given the cylinder cavity V of the conversion cylinder 35 of sening as an envoy to 0The instruction of emptying is then with the pressure of the higher magnitude deep low gear 1 that begins to commutate.
In case conversion cylinder 35 is finished the conversion to deep low gear 1, control unit discharges brake block device F by the electromagnet of shutoff valve SF.Chaufeur is shifted to switching channel 1-2 with teleswitch handle 58 xThe end position of omnidistance length, signal transferred element 64 actions and left detector EKS1 and only hides detector EKK1 this moment.Give the cylinder cavity V of the conversion cylinder of sening as an envoy to by means of the independent signaling control unit of detector EKK1 1The instruction of emptying and closed brake block device F.The action that is transformed into shelves 1 is finished, all three cylinder cavitys emptyings of conversion cylinder 35, and teleswitch handle 58 is fixed.
When chaufeur planned to throw off deep low gear 1, he will be to middle position mobile remote control switch handle 58.This moment, transfer element 64 hid detector EKS1 again, and in this case, the signal of detector EKK1 and EKS1 appears on the control unit with reversed sequence, and the control unit action is so that give the cylinder cavity V of the conversion cylinder of sening as an envoy to 0Gas filed instruction is thrown off deep low gear 1 with this.
In case signal transmission component 64 leaves detector EKK1, promptly when teleswitch handle 58 was pulled, control unit provided the instruction that discharges brake block device F, and teleswitch handle 58 can return its middle position.
Utilize the remote-controlled switchgear of having described in detail, concerning unbred chaufeur, the situation about using indefinitely of brake block device F may occur, under the situation of needs motion, it is braked on the contrary.This uncertain situation can be by means of being eliminated by the described solution of Figure 21.
This solution is with one two arm rocking bar 71(rather than slide block 56) be fixed on the axle 59 of teleswitch unit, slide block 65 can rotate with respect to axle 59.
An arm of rocking bar 71 forms limit retainer 72, and it can move between the impingement area on the slide block 65 73.Another arm 74 of rocking bar 71 is all supported corresponding to the spring 75 of slide block 65 by each.
The brake block device as mentioned above, the piston rod 67 of pneumatic working cylinder remains on irremovable position with slide block.Impingement area 73 allows limit retainer 72 to move with respect to such scope, promptly works as with teleswitch handle 58 actuation detector EKK1, and EKS1, EKS2 during EKK2, can determine two close positions with respect to the fixed position.
Spring 75 plays a part same as the spring 23 and 24 in aforesaid teleswitch unit 7.
The signal transmission device of obvious teleswitch described herein unit 56 can be used to work on conversion direction k with the same mode in teleswitch unit 7, and generally speaking, signal transmission component 18 can be made of camber line shape.Obviously, teleswitch unit 56 also can make shutter gate rather than induction type detector.
The pneumatic cylinders that should be pointed out that the speed-changing mechanism of mobile gear on conversion direction at last also can be such structure, and all three positions produce identical pressure to just same power at it.At this, determine between the valve of middle position and the compressed air source pressure reducer to be set.
Should be pointed out that in brake block device F especially last embodiment also can use a hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (11)

1, a kind of electro-pneumatic remote-controlled switchgear is particularly useful for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile, wherein the speed-changing mechanism (33) of driving device (11) with one choice direction ( V) go up pneumatic choosing speed cylinder (34) the driving connection that is provided with, the position number of this pneumatic choosing speed cylinder is corresponding to switching channel (1-2 X, 3-4 X, 5-6 X, R X) number, other one or three positions conversion cylinders (35) be arranged on conversion direction ( K) on, described cylinder (34) and described cylinder (35) are by valve (SV12, SV56 by solenoid actuated, SVR, SKO, SK1, SK2) be connected to compressed air source, this remote-controlled switchgear also comprises one by driver-operated teleswitch unit (7,56), described unit (7,56) has the corresponding teleswitch handle (12 of gear shift scheme circuit (52) of its position and described driving device, 58), described handle (12,58) again with choice direction ( V) go up and conversion direction ( K) last signal transmission device (EV12, EV34, EV56, the EVR that is provided with; 18, EK0, EK1, EK2; 64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2) drive to connect, these signal transmission devices are connected to valve (SV12, SV34 by solenoid actuated by a control unit, SV56, SVR, SK0, SK1 SK2), is characterized in that, at the end position of described conversion cylinder (35) lower and a higher pressure stage, the signal transmission device (EV12 who is provided with in described unit (7,56) arranged respectively in choice direction, EV34, EV56, number EVR) corresponding to conversion direction ( K) on switching channel (1-2 X, 3-4 X, 5-6 X, R X) number, at least signal transmission device (64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2) per two are provided with symmetrically about the center, be positioned at the nearer signal transmission device in center (64, EKS1, outside EKS2) is at the end position and the valve (SK0-SK1 that sets up low magnitude pressure of conversion cylinder (35), SK0-SK2) controlled connection, (64, SKK1 is SKK2) at the end position of changing cylinder (35) and the valve (SK1 that sets up higher magnitude pressure and be positioned at center signal transmission device far away, SK2) controlled connection, described conversion cylinder (35) have a signal transmission device (P who represents described end position separately at least 1, P 2, ESO); In described teleswitch unit (7,56), pressure is connected between described teleswitch handle (12,58) and the brake block device (F) that is driven by auxiliary energy, described device (F) and be arranged on the inherent conversion direction in described unit (7,56) ( K) on described signal transmission device (18, EK1, EK2,64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2) and the signal transmission device (P of end position of the described cylinder of indication (35) 1, P 2, ESO) controlled connection.
2, electro-pneumatic switching device as claimed in claim 1, the described signal transmission device on conversion direction (k) that it is characterized in that being arranged in the described unit (7) is some holes (54) and the slit (20) of going up formation at signal transmission component (18); Described signal transmission component (18) drives with described handle (12) and is connected, and the motion path (P of described hole 1) consistent with described slit, at motion path (P 1) on have at least two detectors (EK1, EK2) be arranged on produce electric signal by means of luminous effect opening (54,20) before, described detector (EK1, EK2) the mutual visual field (f) is closed to tie up within the 0.5-1 visual field (f) doubly and is suitably chosen; Described teleswitch handle (12) drives with an other signal transmission component (18) and is connected, one independent hole (55), suitable slit (19) are arranged, and the centre bit at described handle (12) is equipped with a detector (EKO) that produces electric signal by means of luminous effect before this slit in this element (18).
3, electro-pneumatic switching device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that driving bonded assembly with described teleswitch handle (12) has a plurality of slits (54,20) and have an independent slit (55,19) signal transmission component (18) constitutes an independent unit, motion path (the P in the independent slit (55,19) of this unit (18) 2) be positioned at the motion path (P in other slit (54,20) 1) the outside.
4, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that having at least the length (l) of the distance (L) between described two end positions by the described signal transmission component (18) that described handle (12) activates, in addition, it has hole, in its total length, has suitable slit (20), the width (s) in slit (20) is corresponding to described detector (EK1, the width in the visual field EK2) (f), their pitch (O) equals the twice of width (s), and is arranged on the motion path (P in this slit (20) 1) on described two detectors (EK1 EK2) is in signal transmission with the count sub-element of described control unit (10) and is connected.
5, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described teleswitch unit (7,56) brake block device (F) comprise one on conversion direction with described handle pressure bonded assembly slide block (21,65), an and electromagnet M, its line of induction is perpendicular to described slide block (21,65) or friction surface (26 pneumatic cylinders (68) or the hydraulic cylinder, 66), and by described electromagnet M, described pneumatic cylinders (68) or hydraulic cylinder are at described slide block (21,65) friction surface (26,66) friction force that go up to produce is less than by means of described handle (12,58) put on manual force on this slide block (21,65).
6, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that in described unit (7, the slide block (21 of brake block device (F) 56), 65) be formed with two impingement areas (25 on, 73), this handle (12) or therewith pressure bonded assembly limit retainer (72) be arranged between these two impingement areas, and the distance between these two impingement areas is greater than being positioned at this two impingement areas (25,73) this handle (12) between or the size of this spacing stop (72), this handle (12) or limit retainer (72) are by means of at this impingement area (25,73) two springs (23 that have identical elastic force on the direction, 24,75) be supported on this slide block (21,65).
7, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 6, the effective piston face of middle position that it is characterized in that determining described conversion cylinder (35) is less than effective piston face of determining described end position.
8,, it is characterized in that determining the middle position of described cylinder (35)-provide setting-pressure reducer between compressed-air actuated valve and the compressed air source at cylinder cavity-this cavity of giving described conversion cylinder (35) as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 7.
9, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that middle position, all cylinder cavity (V at described conversion cylinder (35) 1, V 0, V 2) all connect with compressed air source.
10,, it is characterized in that the piston rod (36) of described conversion cylinder is connected with a signal transmission device pressure, three the section (Ps of described piston rod (36) on sense of motion as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 9 0, P 1, P 2) profile therebetween the section (P 0) height and other two sections (P 1, P 2) the height difference, a detector (ESO) is arranged on before the described signal transmission device, and at least at each end position of described conversion cylinder (35), a limit section (P 2, P 1) be positioned at described detector (ESO) before.
11, as the described electro-pneumatic device of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that signal transmission device (ES12, ES34, ES56, ESR) by each positional alignment of the fast cylinder of described choosing (34), and these signal transmission devices (ES12, ES34, ES56, ESR) and be arranged in the described teleswitch unit (7,56) at the choice direction (signal transmission device (EV12 that v) goes up, EV34, EV56 EVR) interconnects, to allow according to belonging to described switching channel (1-2 x, 3-4 x, 5-6 x, R x) selected passage gear shift.
CN 90108562 1990-09-15 1990-09-15 The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile Pending CN1059687A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 90108562 CN1059687A (en) 1990-09-15 1990-09-15 The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 90108562 CN1059687A (en) 1990-09-15 1990-09-15 The electro-pneumatic teleswitch is in particular for the transmission system of the synchronized mechanical transmission system of automobile

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CN1059687A true CN1059687A (en) 1992-03-25

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100400939C (en) * 2002-11-12 2008-07-09 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 Electro-pneumatic switching unit
CN102056778A (en) * 2008-06-04 2011-05-11 梅西耶-布加蒂公司 Electric braking circuit having a means for controlling the locking members of the plungers of electro-mechanical actuators provided on an aircraft brake
CN104613171A (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-05-13 王建军 ATM simulation control mechanism of automobile based on forced control type transmission

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100400939C (en) * 2002-11-12 2008-07-09 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 Electro-pneumatic switching unit
CN102056778A (en) * 2008-06-04 2011-05-11 梅西耶-布加蒂公司 Electric braking circuit having a means for controlling the locking members of the plungers of electro-mechanical actuators provided on an aircraft brake
CN104613171A (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-05-13 王建军 ATM simulation control mechanism of automobile based on forced control type transmission

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