CN105966225B - Automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide energy - Google Patents
Automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105966225B CN105966225B CN201610311913.4A CN201610311913A CN105966225B CN 105966225 B CN105966225 B CN 105966225B CN 201610311913 A CN201610311913 A CN 201610311913A CN 105966225 B CN105966225 B CN 105966225B
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- carbon dioxide
- automobile
- heater
- expansion machine
- outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K3/00—Arrangement or mounting of steam or gaseous-pressure propulsion units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
Abstract
The invention relates to an automobile powered and driven by supercritical carbon dioxide, which comprises an automobile body, wheels, a speed changing and transmission mechanism and a driving system. The driving system comprises a high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank, a heater, an expander, a compressor and a buffer tank. The high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the heater through a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline, and the outlet of the heater is connected to the expansion machine. The outlet of the expansion machine is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port through a refrigeration air conditioner, and the other path is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline through a compressor and a buffer tank. One end of the expansion machine is connected with the generator shaft, and the other end of the expansion machine is connected with the speed changer through the clutch. The transmission is connected with the transfer case, and the transfer case is respectively connected with the compressor and the wheels through the transmission shaft. The invention utilizes the supercritical carbon dioxide to supply energy to drive the automobile to run, effectively utilizes the stored energy and realizes the flexible adjustment and the efficient utilization of the energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, relates to a new energy automobile, and particularly relates to an automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide.
Background
Diesel engines, gasoline engines, etc. are all products of the internal combustion engine stage, and vehicles are embodied as automobiles, motorcycles, ships, tractors, etc. In recent years, the production of automobiles has been increased dramatically, and automobile exhaust gas has become a significant cause of environmental pollution. Aiming at the problem of automobile pollution, governments of various countries actively make automobile exhaust emission standards, wherein the standards of European Union are extremely strict and become important references for making the standards of other countries. In order to meet the ever-stricter emission standards of automobile exhaust, various automobile manufacturers mainly use new energy to solve the important problem of automobile exhaust and energy shortage at present.
Supercritical fluids (supercritical fluids) are fluids with temperatures and pressures above the critical point and have many unique properties. When the temperature of the pure substance is higher than a certain value, any large pressure can not make the pure substance convert from a gas phase to a liquid phase, and the temperature at this moment is called as critical temperature Tc; and the lowest pressure at which a gas can be liquefied at a critical temperature is called the critical pressure Pc. When the substance is at a temperature above the critical temperature and a pressure above the critical pressure, the substance is in a supercritical state.
Energy storage and supply systems using carbon dioxide as a working medium are rare. Carbon dioxide is non-toxic, non-flammable, high in density and suitable for critical point (critical temperature T c ═ 3)1.1 ℃, critical pressure P c ═ 7.38 ═ 106Pa), has good fluidity and transmission characteristics, and is often used in the fields of refrigeration, chemical engineering and the like. How to use carbon dioxide as a carrier to realize energy storage and energy supply of an energy supply system, improve the utilization rate of energy, reduce the waste of energy and is a new subject of the energy supply system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automobile driven by supercritical carbon dioxide energy supply, which can flexibly adjust energy, improve the efficiency of carbon dioxide energy storage and energy supply utilization and realize the normal running of a green energy automobile.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide comprises an automobile body, wheels, a storage battery, a generator, a motor, a refrigeration air conditioner, a heating air conditioner, a refrigerated cabinet, a speed change and transmission mechanism and a driving system. The speed changing and driving mechanism comprises a clutch, a speed changer, a transfer case and a transmission shaft, the generator is connected with the storage battery circuit, and the motor is connected with the transmission shaft. The driving system comprises a high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank, a heater, an expander, a compressor and a buffer tank. The high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the heater through a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline, and the outlet of the heater is connected to the expansion machine. The outlet of the expansion machine is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port through a refrigeration air conditioner, and the other path is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline through a compressor and a buffer tank. One end of the expansion machine is connected with the generator shaft, and the other end of the expansion machine is connected with the speed changer through the clutch. The transmission is connected with the transfer case, and the transfer case is respectively connected with the compressor and the wheels through the transmission shaft.
The automobile is provided with a heat exchanger and a heating air conditioner, a smoke pipeline of the heater is connected to a smoke outlet through the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected with the heating air conditioner. The automobile is provided with a fuel tank, the heater is provided with a burner, and the fuel tank is connected to the burner. A bypass is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the heater, and a valve is arranged on the bypass. The high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is provided with a carbon dioxide inlet. The expansion machine is replaced by an expansion machine set, and the expansion machine set is provided with 1-10 expansion machines. The compressor is multi-stage compression, and the number of stages of the multi-stage compression is 1-10 stages. It may also be used in fixed locations. The pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is 0-200 MPa, and the temperature is-60-2000 ℃. The content of carbon dioxide is 0-100%. The heater is a combustion heater or an electric heater, and the fuel used by the combustion heater is solid fuel, liquid fuel or gas fuel, or the mixture of two or three of the above fuels. The solid fuel is coal powder, coke powder or maple, and the maple is carbon powder with ash content less than 0.01%. The liquid fuel is gasoline or diesel oil, and the gas fuel is coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas. The vehicle is provided with an electric motor, which is connected with a transmission shaft. The automobile is provided with a refrigerated cabinet, a dilution fan and a carbon dioxide detector, and a low-pressure carbon dioxide gas pipeline or a refrigeration air conditioner outlet is connected to the refrigerated cabinet. The outlet of the refrigerated cabinet is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port through a carbon dioxide detector, and the dilution fan is connected to a discharge pipeline in front of the carbon dioxide detector. The detector is utilized to control the dilution fan to mix air into the discharge pipeline, so that the discharged waste gas reaches the standard and is discharged safely and reliably. The expander can be replaced by a steam turbine, a flue gas turbine, a piston engine or a gas turbine. The vehicle is started by either the electric motor or the expander.
The system utilizes the supercritical carbon dioxide energy supply system, utilizes the supercritical carbon dioxide energy supply to drive the automobile to run, effectively utilizes the stored energy, realizes flexible adjustment and efficient utilization of the energy, expands the volume of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide by adding the heater in front of the expansion machine, is beneficial to more power output, improves the energy supply and utilization efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide, and realizes the normal running of the green energy automobile. The carbon dioxide is firstly recovered, purified, stored, transported and utilized, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the emission of the carbon dioxide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide power according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide powered drive system;
wherein: 1-burner, 2-high pressure carbon dioxide storage tank, 3-heater, 4-expander, 5-expander set, 6-refrigeration air conditioner, 7-compressor, 8-low pressure carbon dioxide gas pipeline, 9-clutch, 10-air inlet, 11-carbon dioxide discharge outlet, 12-bypass, 13-fuel tank, 14-speed changer, 15-transfer case, 16-transmission shaft, 17-accumulator, 18-generator, 19-heat exchanger, 20-smoke outlet, 21-wheel, 22-buffer tank, 23-high pressure carbon dioxide pipeline, 24-vehicle body, 25-heating air conditioner, 26-carbon dioxide inlet, 27-motor, 28-refrigerator, 29-dilution fan, 30-carbon dioxide detector, 31-valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and drawings. The scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any modification made by those skilled in the art within the scope defined by the claims also falls within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses an automobile powered and driven by supercritical carbon dioxide, which comprises an automobile body 24, wheels 21, a storage battery 17, a generator 18, a refrigerating air conditioner 6, a heat exchanger 19, a motor 27, a heating air conditioner 25, a refrigerated cabinet 28, a dilution fan 29, a carbon dioxide detector 30, a speed change and transmission mechanism and a driving system. The speed changing and transmission mechanism comprises a clutch 9, a transmission 14, a transfer case 15 and a transmission shaft 16, and the driving system comprises a high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank 2, a heater 3, an expander 4, a compressor 7 and a buffer tank 22. The high pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the heater by a high pressure carbon dioxide line 23, the heater outlet being connected to the expander. A bypass is provided between the inlet and outlet of the heater, the bypass being provided with a valve 31 for direct drive of the expander by the high pressure carbon dioxide. The outlet of the expansion machine is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port 11 through a refrigeration air conditioner, the other path is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline through a compressor and a buffer tank, and the two paths are provided with valves. One end of the expander is connected with a generator shaft, and the generator is connected with a storage battery circuit. The other end of the clutch is connected with a speed changer through a clutch, the speed changer is connected with a transfer case, and the transfer case is respectively connected with a compressor and wheels through a transmission shaft. The flue gas pipeline of the heater is connected to the flue gas outlet 20 through a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected with a heating air conditioner. The automobile is provided with a fuel tank 13, the heater is provided with a burner 1, the fuel tank is connected with the burner, and the fuel in the fuel tank is maple. The high pressure carbon dioxide storage tank 2 is provided with a carbon dioxide inlet 26 for supplementing high pressure carbon dioxide. The low-pressure carbon dioxide gas pipeline and the outlet of the refrigeration air conditioner 6 are respectively connected to a refrigerated cabinet, the outlet of the refrigerated cabinet is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port 11 through a carbon dioxide detector, the outlet of the other expander is directly connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide detector, and valves 31 are arranged on the connecting pipelines. The dilution fan is connected to the discharge pipeline in front of the carbon dioxide detector, and the detector is used for controlling the dilution fan to mix air into the discharge pipeline, so that the discharged waste gas reaches the standard and is discharged, and the device is safe and reliable.
The running process of the automobile is that high-pressure carbon dioxide with the pressure of 30MPa and the temperature of 100 ℃ in the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is heated to 500 ℃ in the heater 3 through the high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline, the expander 4 does work, and energy is transmitted to wheels to rotate through the clutch, the speed changer, the transfer case and the transmission shaft, so that the automobile is driven to run. The temperature of the carbon dioxide gas after acting is reduced to 3 ℃, a cold source is provided for a refrigeration air conditioner in the automobile through a low-pressure carbon dioxide gas pipeline 8, and the carbon dioxide gas with cold quantity is discharged to a carbon dioxide discharge port 8. Optionally, when the supercritical carbon dioxide of the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is insufficient, the carbon dioxide gas after acting is compressed by the compressor and then enters the high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline, and after being heated by the heater, the carbon dioxide in the system is recycled to act. The flue gas after the heater burning is discharged from the heat exchanger 19 to the flue gas outlet 20, and the heat emitted by the flue gas in the heat exchanger provides a heat source for the heating air conditioner 25. The heating air conditioner and the cooling air conditioner are respectively opened in winter and summer, and the other air conditioner circulating system is closed at the moment. The electricity generated by the generator coaxially connected with the expander is stored in the storage battery as the electricity for the automobile. When the power of the automobile is insufficient, the motor is started to provide power for the automobile together with the expansion machine.
The schematic diagram of the supercritical carbon dioxide energy supply driving system is shown in fig. 2, the expansion machine of the driving system is replaced by an expansion machine set 5, the expansion machine set is provided with 2 expansion machines 4, one expansion machine drives the automobile to run, and the other expansion machine drives the generator to generate electricity. The compressor is multi-stage compression, and the number of stages of the multi-stage compression is 2.
Claims (6)
1. An automobile powered and driven by supercritical carbon dioxide comprises an automobile body (24), wheels (21), a storage battery (17), a generator (18), a refrigeration air conditioner (6), a heating air conditioner (25), a refrigerated cabinet (28), a speed change and transmission mechanism and a driving system; the speed change and transmission mechanism comprises a clutch (9), a transmission (14), a transfer case (15) and a transmission shaft (16), and the generator is connected with the storage battery circuit; the method is characterized in that: the driving system comprises a high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank (2), a heater (3), an expander (4), a compressor (7) and a buffer tank (22), wherein the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the heater through a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline (23), and the outlet of the heater is connected to the expander; the outlet of the expansion machine is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port (11) through a refrigeration air conditioner, and the other path is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide pipeline through a compressor and a buffer tank; one end of the expansion machine is connected with the generator shaft, and the other end of the expansion machine is connected with the transmission through the clutch; the transmission is connected with the transfer case, and the transfer case is respectively connected with the compressor and the wheels through a transmission shaft; the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank (2) is provided with a carbon dioxide feeding port (26); the motor vehicle is provided with an electric motor (27) which is connected with a transmission (14) shaft; electricity generated by a generator coaxially connected with the expander is stored in a storage battery as electricity for the automobile; when the power of the automobile is insufficient, the motor is started, and the motor and the expansion machine jointly provide power for the automobile; the automobile is provided with a heat exchanger (19) and a heating air conditioner (25), a smoke pipeline of the heater is connected to a smoke outlet (20) through the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected with the heating air conditioner; the automobile is provided with a fuel tank (13), the heater is provided with a burner (1), and the fuel tank is connected to the burner.
2. The vehicle powered by supercritical carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a bypass (12) is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the heater (3), and the bypass is provided with a valve.
3. The vehicle powered by supercritical carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the expansion machine is replaced by an expansion machine set (5), and the expansion machine set is provided with 1-10 expansion machines (4); the compressor is multi-stage compression, and the number of stages of the multi-stage compression is 1-10 stages.
4. The vehicle powered by supercritical carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank (2) is 0-200 MPa, and the temperature is-60-2000 ℃; the content of carbon dioxide is 0-100%; the heater (3) is a combustion heater or an electric heater, and the fuel used by the combustion heater is solid fuel, liquid fuel or gas fuel or the mixture of two or three of the above fuels; the solid fuel is coal powder, coke powder or maple, and the maple is carbon powder with ash content less than 0.01%; the liquid fuel is gasoline or diesel oil, and the gas fuel is coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas.
5. The vehicle powered by supercritical carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the automobile is provided with a refrigerated cabinet (28), a dilution fan (29) and a carbon dioxide detector (30), and the low-pressure carbon dioxide gas pipeline (8) and/or the outlet of the refrigeration air conditioner (6) are/is connected to the refrigerated cabinet; the outlet of the refrigerated cabinet is connected to a carbon dioxide discharge port (11) through a carbon dioxide detector, and the dilution fan is connected to a discharge pipeline in front of the carbon dioxide detector.
6. The vehicle powered by supercritical carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the expansion machine can be replaced by a steam turbine, a flue gas turbine, a piston engine or a gas turbine; the automobile is started by an electric motor or an expansion machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610311913.4A CN105966225B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610311913.4A CN105966225B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Automobile powered by supercritical carbon dioxide energy |
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| CN105966225A CN105966225A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN105966225B true CN105966225B (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010106612A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle |
| CN102102549A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 王立华 | New energy automobile and novel gas dynamical system thereof |
| US8616323B1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2013-12-31 | Echogen Power Systems | Hybrid power systems |
| CN103790662A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2014-05-14 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Transcritical power circulating device and method |
| JP2014227990A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-12-08 | 畑中 武史 | Clean energy generation device, clean energy generation method, and next-generation movable body equipped with clean energy generation device |
-
2016
- 2016-05-12 CN CN201610311913.4A patent/CN105966225B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8616323B1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2013-12-31 | Echogen Power Systems | Hybrid power systems |
| WO2010106612A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle |
| CN102102549A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 王立华 | New energy automobile and novel gas dynamical system thereof |
| JP2014227990A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-12-08 | 畑中 武史 | Clean energy generation device, clean energy generation method, and next-generation movable body equipped with clean energy generation device |
| CN103790662A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2014-05-14 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Transcritical power circulating device and method |
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| CN105966225A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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