CN102454419A - Single-heat source open-circuit engine with traditional piston - Google Patents
Single-heat source open-circuit engine with traditional piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN102454419A CN102454419A CN201210006368XA CN201210006368A CN102454419A CN 102454419 A CN102454419 A CN 102454419A CN 201210006368X A CN201210006368X A CN 201210006368XA CN 201210006368 A CN201210006368 A CN 201210006368A CN 102454419 A CN102454419 A CN 102454419A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-heat source open-circuit engine with a traditional piston. The single-heat source open-circuit engine comprises an air cylinder, the piston and a liquid working medium source, wherein the piston is arranged in the air cylinder, an air inlet is arranged on a cylinder cover of the air cylinder; an inlet valve is arranged at the air inlet; an exhaust port is arranged on the cylinder cover of the air cylinder; an exhaust valve is arranged at the exhaust port; the liquid working medium source is communicated with the air cylinder through a high-pressure liquid working medium leading system; when the air source is set as atmosphere or normal-temperature gas, the liquid working medium is set as a non-water liquid working medium, and when the air source is set as an afterheat air source, the liquid working medium is set as water or gasifiable gas. According to the invention, the high-efficiency engine which does not consume fuels and outputs work externally can be manufactured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat energy and power field, the single thermal source open circuit of especially a kind of conventional piston motor.
Background technique
According to thermodynamic (al) fundamental law, hot machine must need the thermal source of two different temperatures.In the world all hot machines all be with environment as low-temperature heat source or make certainly be higher than ambient temperature thermal source as low-temperature heat source; And make up the high temperature heat source that temperature is higher than environment through combustion fuel or through solar energy; For this reason, human consumption mass energy, also environment has been caused severe contamination.If can invent a kind of is high temperature heat source with environment as high temperature heat source and/or with low-grade heat source (like seawater, underground heat, tail gas, waste heat of plant and solar thermal collection system etc.); And be lower than the motor of the low-temperature heat source of environment and low-grade heat source temperature through temperature of built-in system structure, will have epoch making significance.
Summary of the invention
Want to utilize environment or low-grade heat source as high temperature heat source; In engine system, make up a low-temperature heat source; Unique method is exactly with the gas that comes from environment, maybe will comes from the gas of low-grade heat source or the gas that will in environment, absorb heat or the gas that will in low-grade heat source, absorb heat carries out adiabatic degree of depth compression or be similar to the adiabatic degree of depth compressing; The pressure and temperature of compressed gas all increases substantially in degree of depth compression process, in by the gas of degree of depth compression, sneaks into liquid (containing threshold state), and liquid and gas take place to conduct heat and is phase-changed into gas; Pressure is raise, temperature slightly raises or do not raise or descend; Carry out the adiabatic expansion work done then, the amount of expansion working is greater than the power consumption of compression process, so the external outputting power of system; Gas temperature when work done is over drops to the temperature that is lower than before compressing, and has so just made up a new low-temperature heat source.If on the surface, this process has been violated thermodynamic (al) law of correlation, but labor; Can know and in high temperature and high pressure gas, sneak into liquid when (containing threshold state); Pressure can significantly raise, and the gas temperature the when rising of pressure can cause expansion working to be over declines to a great extent, and the essence of this process is to have utilized the exchange of mass transport process and diabatic process; Replace diabatic process with mass transport process, thereby realized making up the purpose of low-temperature heat source.
In by the gas of degree of depth compression, sneak into product that the amount of liquid (containing threshold state) should satisfy liquid gasification back gas phase total mole number n, temperature T and gas constant R greater than this product before sneaking into liquid.In by the gas of degree of depth compression, sneaking in the liquid process of (containing threshold state), should keep the constant volume state as far as possible.
In order to address the above problem, the technological scheme that the present invention proposes is following:
The single thermal source open circuit of a kind of conventional piston motor; Comprise cylinder, piston and liquid working substance source; Said piston is arranged in the said cylinder; On the cylinder cap of said cylinder, establish suction port; The place establishes intake valve at said suction port, on the cylinder cap of said cylinder, establishes relief opening, establishes exhaust valve in said exhaust ports; Said liquid working substance source is communicated with said cylinder through liquid working substance high pressure import system; Said intake valve, said exhaust valve and said liquid working substance high pressure import system receive process control mechanism control realize when the gas working medium that gets into said cylinder by said suction port in said cylinder by degree of depth compression after, said liquid working substance high pressure import system quantitatively imports to the liquid working substance in the said liquid working substance source in the said cylinder, said liquid working substance mix with said gas working medium that being heated gasifies and make amount that pressure further improves the said descent of piston work done of formation greater than said gas working medium by the needed merit of degree of depth compression process; Said piston is to work done outside the system; The temperature of the said gas working medium behind the expansion working is reduced to and is lower than the temperature of said gas working medium before being compressed, and the said gas working medium after the cooling is exhausted from system through said exhaust valve when said piston stroking upward, from the said gas working medium of source of the gas when the said descent of piston in said intake valve is inhaled into said cylinder; Said gas working medium is compressed by the degree of depth when said piston stroking upward, gets into next circulation; Said liquid working substance was made as on-aqueous liquid working medium when said source of the gas was made as atmosphere or gas at normal temperature, and said liquid working substance was made as water or gasifiable liquid when said source of the gas was made as waste heat hot gas source.
Establish gas working medium heat absorption low-grade heat source heater at said suction port place.
The amount that is directed to the said liquid working substance in the said cylinder satisfies complete vaporized degree.
Strengthen the compression ratio of said piston in compression process, make by the temperature of the said gas working medium of degree of depth compression more than the 1000K, more than the 1300K, more than the 1500K, more than the 1800K, more than the 2000K, more than the 2300K, more than the 2500K, more than the 2800K, more than the 3000K, more than the 3200K or more than the 3500K.
Said liquid working substance is made as liquid carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium.
Said source of the gas is made as the air outlet flue of conventional internal combustion, and said gas working medium is made as the exhaust of said conventional internal combustion.
Establish gas-liquid separator in said exhaust ports, said liquid working substance source is made as the liquid outlet of said gas-liquid separator, and the liquid in the said gas-liquid separator uses as said liquid working substance.
Between said gas-liquid separator and said relief opening, establish vent gas cooler.
On the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance between said liquid working substance source and the said cylinder, establish liquid working substance heat absorption atmospheric heater.
Establish liquid working substance heat absorption low-grade heat source heater on the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance after said liquid working substance heat absorption atmospheric heater.
So-called degree of depth compression in the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention motor is meant that pressure when compression stroke is over is more than or equal to 3.5MPa; 4MPa; 4.5MPa; 5MPa; 5.5MPa; 6MPa; 6.5MPa; 7MPa; 7.5MPa; 8MPa; 8.5MPa; 9MPa; 9.5MPa; 10MPa; 10.5MPa; 11MPa; 11.5MPa; 12MPa; 12.5MPa; 13MPa; 13.5MPa; 14MPa; 14.5MPa; 15MPa; 15.5MPa; 16MPa; 16. 5MPa; 17MPa; 17.5MPa; 18MPa; 18.5MPa; 19MPa; 19.5MPa; 20MPa; 25MPa; 30MPa; 35MPa; 40MPa; 45MPa; 50MPa; 55MPa or 60MPa.
Principle of the present invention is with gas degree of depth compression, sneaks into liquid (containing threshold state) after its temperature and pressure is risen significantly, pressure is further improved and the amplification of temperature is less or do not heat up or lower the temperature, and carries out the external work done of adiabatic expansion then.Because the initial pressure of inflation process is to a great extent greater than compression pressure at the end, thus the amount of gas expansion working greater than the power consumption of compression process, for this reason, system is outputting power externally.The temperature of the gas after expansion working is over is lower than the gas temperature in when beginning compression, so quite a lot of low-temperature heat source can utilize cryogenic gas after environment or low-grade heat source heat absorption heat up, to compress the formation closed circulation again.
So-called low-grade heat source refers to seawater, underground heat, tail gas, waste heat of plant and solar thermal collection system etc. all can provide the thermal source of heat to the working medium in the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention motor among the present invention.
So-called liquid working substance is meant that all can be used to participate in the liquid of the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention engine cycles process among the present invention, like water, liquid carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, fluorine Lyons etc.; So-called gas working medium is meant that all can be from the direct or indirect gas that absorbs heat and can participate in the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention engine cycles process of environment.So-called gas working medium and so-called liquid working substance can be two kinds of different conditions with a kind of material, also can be different materials.When said gas working medium and said liquid working substance were made as different material, said gas working medium will be selected the gas that do not undergo phase transition.
The single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention motor need add starting drive when starting working.Because system needs co-ordination, must in system, establish flywheel energy storage mechanism or be connected or storage battery with power supply, think that wasted work process such as compression provides power.
Circuit pressure P of the present invention and volume V concern that schematic representation is as shown in Figure 8; A-b curve representation adiabatic compression process wherein; B-c straight line representes to spray into liquid working substance constant volume cooling pressurization, c-d curve representation adiabatic expansion work done process, d-a curve representation exhaust process.
For principle of specification, the temperature that 1mol is arranged in the supposing the system is the said gas working medium of 2000K, and the gasification latent heat of the said liquid working substance (like water) of 1mol is 500 units, and then the original capacity for work of system is PV=nRT=1 * R * 2000=2000R; The capacity for work that in system, sprays into the working medium that is obtained behind the said liquid working substance of 1mol is PV=nRT=(1+1) * R * 1500=3000R; The capacity for work that in system, sprays into the working medium that is obtained behind the said liquid working substance of 2mol is PV=nRT=(1+2) * R * 1000=3000R; The capacity for work that in system, sprays into the working medium that is obtained behind the said liquid working substance of 3mol is PV=nRT=(1+3) * R * 500=2000R.Therefore, can reach a conclusion: system is under non-refueling situation, and the pressure of ordering at B shown in Figure 8 is to increase because of the vaporization that sprays into of liquid working substance, and simultaneity factor is at the capacity for work nRT of the c-d curve capacity for work nRT greater than a-b curve.
The so-called liquid working substance heat absorption of the present invention atmospheric heater is meant the heat exchanger that is absorbed heat by said liquid working substance from environment; So-called gas working medium heat absorption atmospheric heater is meant the heat exchanger that is absorbed heat by said gas working medium from environment; So-called liquid working substance heat absorption low-grade heat source heater is meant the heat exchanger that is absorbed heat by said liquid working substance from low-grade heat source; So-called gas working medium heat absorption low-grade heat source heater is meant the heat exchanger that is absorbed heat by said gas working medium from low-grade heat source.
The purpose that the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention motor is provided with said gas working medium heat absorption low-grade heat source heater and said liquid working substance heat absorption low-grade heat source heater is in order to provide certain heat to make its intensification for gas working medium or liquid working substance before being compressed; To satisfy the needs of the single thermal source open circuit of the disclosed conventional piston of the present invention engine cycles, improve the efficient of motor.When ambient temperature was low, these two heaters were particularly important.
The amount of the said liquid working substance that mixes with high temperature and high pressure gas working medium among the present invention is should be as far as possible many but will guarantee to be gasified totally and do not have excess liquid, and the little person of its latent heat is for well, and its temperature is high more good more, preferably is in threshold state.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
The present invention can produce the not high efficience motor of the external output work of consume fuel.
Description of drawings
Shown in Figure 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Shown in Figure 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Shown in Figure 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Shown in Figure 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Shown in Figure 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Shown in Figure 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Shown in Figure 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7;
Shown in Figure 8 is that circuit pressure P of the present invention and volume V concern schematic representation.
Embodiment
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 1 motor; Comprise cylinder 1, piston 2 and liquid working substance source 3; Said piston 2 is arranged in the said cylinder 1; On the cylinder cap of said cylinder 1, establish suction port 101; 101 places establish intake valve 102 at said suction port; On the cylinder cap of said cylinder 1, establish relief opening 103; 103 places establish exhaust valve 104 at said relief opening, and said liquid working substance source 3 is communicated with said cylinder 1 through liquid working substance high pressure import system 8, and said intake valve 102, said exhaust valve 104 and said liquid working substance high pressure import system 8 are realized after the gas working medium 7 that is got into said cylinder 1 by said suction port 101 is compressed by the degree of depth in said cylinder 1 by 14 controls of process control mechanism; Said liquid working substance high pressure import system 8 quantitatively imports to the liquid working substance 6 in the said liquid working substance source 3 in the said cylinder 1; Said liquid working substance 6 mix with said gas working medium 7 amount that being heated gasification further improves pressure to constitute said piston 2 descending works done greater than said gas working medium 7 by the needed merit of degree of depth compression process, work done 2 pairs of systems of said piston outside, the temperature of the said gas working medium 7 behind the expansion working is reduced to and is lower than said gas working medium 7 and is compressed preceding temperature; Said gas working medium 7 after the cooling is exhausted from system through said exhaust valve 104 when said piston 2 is up; From the said gas working medium 7 of source of the gas 10 when said piston 2 is descending in said intake valve 102 is inhaled into said cylinder 1, said gas working medium 7 is got into next circulation by degree of depth compression when said piston 2 is up; Said liquid working substance 6 was made as on-aqueous liquid working medium when said source of the gas 10 was made as atmosphere or gas at normal temperature, and said liquid working substance 6 was made as water or gasifiable liquid when said source of the gas 10 was made as waste heat hot gas source.The amount that is directed to the said liquid working substance 6 in the said cylinder 1 satisfies complete vaporized degree.Strengthen the compression ratio of said piston 2 in compression process, make by the temperature of the said gas working medium 7 of degree of depth compression more than the 1000K, more than the 1300K, more than the 1500K, more than the 1800K, more than the 2000K, more than the 2300K, more than the 2500K, more than the 2800K, more than the 3000K, more than the 3200K or more than the 3500K.Said liquid working substance 6 is made as liquid carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium etc.
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 2 motor, it is with the difference of implementing 1: establish gas working medium heat absorption low-grade heat source heater 112 at said suction port 101 places.
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 3 motor, it is with the difference of implementing 1: said source of the gas 10 is made as the air outlet flue of conventional internal combustion 600, and said gas working medium 7 is made as the exhaust of said conventional internal combustion 600.
Embodiment 4
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 4 motor; It is with the difference of implementing 1: 103 places establish gas-liquid separator 200 at said relief opening; Said liquid working substance source 3 is made as the liquid outlet of said gas-liquid separator 200, and the liquid in the said gas-liquid separator 200 uses as said liquid working substance 6.
Embodiment 5
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 5 motor, its difference with enforcement 4 is: between said gas-liquid separator 200 and said relief opening 103, establish vent gas cooler 300.
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 6 motor, it is with the difference of implementing 1: on the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance 6 between said liquid working substance source 3 and the said cylinder 1, establish the liquid working substance atmospheric heater 1110 of absorbing heat.
The single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston as shown in Figure 7 motor, it is with the difference of implementing 6: establish liquid working substance heat absorption low-grade heat source heater 113 on the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance 6 after said liquid working substance heat absorption atmospheric heater 1110.
Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, according to the known technology and the disclosed technological scheme of the present invention of related domain, can derive or association goes out many flexible programs, all these flexible programs also should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor; Comprise cylinder (1), piston (2) and liquid working substance source (3); It is characterized in that: said piston (2) is arranged in the said cylinder (1); On the cylinder cap of said cylinder (1), establish suction port (101); Locate to establish intake valve (102) at said suction port (101), on the cylinder cap of said cylinder (1), establish relief opening (103), locate to establish exhaust valve (104) at said relief opening (103); Said liquid working substance source (3) is communicated with said cylinder (1) through liquid working substance high pressure import system (8), and said intake valve (102), said exhaust valve (104) and said liquid working substance high pressure import system (8) receive process control mechanism (14) control; Said liquid working substance (6) was made as on-aqueous liquid working medium when said source of the gas (10) was made as atmosphere or gas at normal temperature, and said liquid working substance (6) was made as water or gasifiable liquid when said source of the gas (10) was made as waste heat hot gas source.
2. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: locate to establish gas working medium heat absorption low-grade heat source heater (112) at said suction port (101).
3. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the amount that is directed to the said liquid working substance (6) in the said cylinder (1) satisfies complete vaporized degree.
4. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: strengthen the compression ratio of said piston (2) in compression process, make by the temperature of the said gas working medium (7) of degree of depth compression more than 1000K.
5. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said liquid working substance (6) is made as liquid carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium.
6. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said source of the gas (10) is made as conventional internal combustion (600), and said gas working medium (7) is made as the exhaust of said conventional internal combustion (600).
7. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: locate to establish gas-liquid separator (200) at said relief opening (103); Said liquid working substance source (3) is made as the liquid outlet of said gas-liquid separator (200), and the liquid in the said gas-liquid separator (200) uses as said liquid working substance (6).
8. like the single thermal source open circuit of the said conventional piston of claim 7 motor, it is characterized in that: between said gas-liquid separator (200) and said relief opening (103), establish vent gas cooler (300).
9. the single thermal source open circuit of conventional piston motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance (6) between said liquid working substance source (3) and the said cylinder (1), establish the liquid working substance atmospheric heater (1110) of absorbing heat.
10. like the single thermal source open circuit of the said conventional piston of claim 9 motor, it is characterized in that: on the circulation passage of the said liquid working substance (6) between said liquid working substance heat absorption atmospheric heater (1110) and the said cylinder (1), establish liquid working substance heat absorption low-grade heat source heater (113).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210006368XA CN102454419A (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2012-01-10 | Single-heat source open-circuit engine with traditional piston |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110005443.6 | 2011-01-12 | ||
| CN201110005443 | 2011-01-12 | ||
| CN201210006368XA CN102454419A (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2012-01-10 | Single-heat source open-circuit engine with traditional piston |
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| CN102454419A true CN102454419A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
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| CN201210006368XA Pending CN102454419A (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2012-01-10 | Single-heat source open-circuit engine with traditional piston |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103485889A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-01-01 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Piston-type liquid acting internal combustion phase circulating engine |
| CN103775208A (en) * | 2013-01-19 | 2014-05-07 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Humidifying heat-power circulating system |
| CN103790635A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 虞一扬 | Programmed switch type temperature difference engine |
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| CN201301765Y (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-09-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Novel thermodynamic cycle internal combustion engine |
| CN101832199A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 靳北彪 | Low-entropy mixed-fuel engine |
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| WO2006080057A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-03 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas turbine apparatus, apparatus for supplying fuel gas and method for suppressing calorie elevation of fuel gas |
| CN101070798A (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2007-11-14 | 靳北彪 | Same-chamber internal-external combustion engine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103485889A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-01-01 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Piston-type liquid acting internal combustion phase circulating engine |
| CN103775208A (en) * | 2013-01-19 | 2014-05-07 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Humidifying heat-power circulating system |
| CN103775208B (en) * | 2013-01-19 | 2016-08-24 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Humidification circulation system |
| CN103790635A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 虞一扬 | Programmed switch type temperature difference engine |
| CN103790635B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2018-02-16 | 上海领势新能源科技有限公司 | Grammed switch formula temp difference engine |
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