CN105953442A - Vacuum tube heat collecting solar water heater and hot water storage control method - Google Patents
Vacuum tube heat collecting solar water heater and hot water storage control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105953442A CN105953442A CN201610383344.4A CN201610383344A CN105953442A CN 105953442 A CN105953442 A CN 105953442A CN 201610383344 A CN201610383344 A CN 201610383344A CN 105953442 A CN105953442 A CN 105953442A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/74—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other
- F24S10/744—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other the conduits being helically coiled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/70—Sealing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum tube heat collecting solar water heater and a hot water storage control method, and belongs to the photothermal technical field. The water heater comprises a vacuum tube heat collector array, an insulation cavity, a fixed bracket, an insulation water tank, a hot water storage controller, a temperature sensor and an electromagnetic valve; meanwhile, the water heater is configured in such a way of integrating a snakelike copper tube in a vacuum tube heat collector; and water is heated in a vacuum tube by the snakelike copper tube, and is circulated in the copper tube to prevent pollution caused by formation of a dead water area at the bottom of the vacuum tube so as to effectively solve secondary pollution problem of the water in a traditional vacuum tube heat collector. In addition, the hot water storage control method divides the hot water storage process into a temperature control starting state, a heating keeping state and a storage control state; a hot water storage controller is designed for controlling the storage process of hot water; and the temperature of hot water output by the heat collector is controlled in a proper temperature range (45-50 DEG C), so that the increment of heat loss caused by high temperature is prevented, and the purposes of improving the system heat efficiency and enhancing the practicability are achieved. The water heater is simple in machining process, lower in cost and simple in installation, and has such characteristics as convenience for use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum tube heat collection function formula solar water heater and hot water storage controlling method, belong to
Photothermal technique field.
Background technology
Along with world energy sources crisis and increasingly serious environmental pollution, the exploitation of regenerative resource obtain generation
The great attention of various countries of boundary and extensively support.Solar energy is owing to it is pollution-free, distribution wide, outdoor energy density
The feature such as big and nexhaustible, has obtained in the field such as solar energy optical-thermal, photovoltaic widely studied and has utilized.?
In solar energy heat utilization, flat-plate solar collector, vacuum tube collector are solar water heating system photo-thermal
The core component of conversion.Wherein, flat-plate solar collector can be divided into tube-sheet type, wing pipe type, flat box-like,
Coil pipe types etc., flat plate collector is owing to being limited by its structure, and heat loss is relatively big, and the real work thermal efficiency is not
Foot 55%.Vacuum tube solar heating element is different according to its structure, can be divided into glass vacuum pipe heat collector and
Metal absorber vacuum tube collector.Glass vacuum pipe heat collector uses double glazing tubular construction, and it utilizes
Inner tube outer surface plating absorbed layer improves solar absorptance and reduces its thermal emissivity, reaches to improve photothermal deformation
The purpose of efficiency, has simple in construction, low cost, thermal efficiency high.All-glass vacuum tube is using
In, vacuum tube is directly connected to attemperater, and water is heated by thermal convection current, heat exchange pattern in vacuum tube,
Realize carrying out heat exchange with the water in attemperater.But, change the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection brought not by coolant-temperature gage
Fully, therefore, bottom vacuum tube, there is " dead band " of water circulation, cause bottom to there is " stagnant water ", with
The use time increases, and bottom " stagnant water " becomes sewage, and vacuum heat collection pipe heat collector interior-heat water is created two
Secondary pollution.At present, water pollutes the subject matter having become all-glass vacuum tube.For reducing vacuum heat collection pipe pair
The pollution of water, metal absorber glass-vacuum tube is designed and prepared, and metal absorber glass-vacuum tube is by knot
Structure can be divided into the various ways such as heat pipe-type, concentric locking collar tubular type, heat storage type, interior light collecting and through type, can have
Effect alleviates the problem that all-glass vacuum tube water pollutes, but due to its thermal-collecting tube complicated process of preparation, cost is high,
Poor practicability, is not used widely.
At present, in solar water heating system, preparation technology is simple, low cost, pollution-free, use and install
The solar vacuum-tube water system convenient, practicality is high does not also have relevant report.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the technological deficiency of existing vacuum tube collector, a kind of processing technique of design
Simply, pollution-free, low cost, a kind of vacuum tube heat collection function solar water heater easy to use and hot water storage
Control method, by hot water storage control, controls hot water storing process, improves solar water heating system
Collecting efficiency and practicality.
It is an object of the invention to by the realization of techniques below scheme.
A kind of vacuum tube heat collection function solar water heater and hot water storage controlling method, including: snakelike vacuum tube collection
Hot device array, incubation cavity, fixed support, attemperater, hot water storage control, temperature sensor, electricity
Magnet valve.
Described snakelike vacuum tube collector array by glass-vacuum tube, copper tube serpentine, shell fragment support, be incubated close
Sealing cover forms, and is used for converting the solar into heat energy；Wherein glass-vacuum tube is inner and outer pipes double-decker, interior
Tube outer surface coating ahsorption membrane layer, is conducive to improving solar radiative absorption rate and reducing its emissivity.Glass evacuated
Space between pipe inner and outer pipes is vacuum layer, for reducing because of cross-ventilation, the heat loss that causes.Serpentis
Shape copper pipe is arranged on the inside of glass-vacuum tube, is current siphunculus, uses the purpose of serpentine configuration to be to increase
Copper pipe heating surface area in glass-vacuum tube, extends water circulation distance in glass-vacuum tube, increases water
Heat time heating time in vacuum tube, improve the programming rate of water.Shell fragment support is arranged on bottom copper tube serpentine,
For copper tube serpentine is fixed.Thermal-insulating sealing cover is the polypropylene plastics cover that top has out two circular holes, uses
In the sealing thermal insulation to glass-vacuum tube opening, two circular holes are as the outlet of copper pipe.Between each vacuum tube by
Copper pipe connects, and constitutes snakelike vacuum tube collector array.Cold water is by the left end cold water of vacuum tube collector array
Entrance flows into, and is flowed out by right-hand member hot water outlet end after heating.
Incubation cavity is made up of aluminum alloy casing, rubber tube and glass cotton, for insulation and snakelike vacuum tube heat collection function
Fixing of device array；Rubber tube is inner tube, and aluminium alloy is shell, and internal filling glass cotton is used for being incubated.Protect
Temperature chamber left end leaves cold water pipe entrance, and right-hand member leaves hot-water line outlet.
Fixed support by fixing groove, bar is fixed on right side and left side is fixed bar and formed, be used for fixing vacuum tube heat collection function
Device array；Fixing groove uses aluminum alloy materials, and left and right side is fixed bar and used aluminum alloy square tube, is used for connecting
Fixing groove and top incubation cavity aluminum alloy casing, it is achieved snakelike vacuum tube collector array is fixed.
Attemperater is used for storing snakelike vacuum tube collector array output hot water, and its volume can be according to vacuum tube
Collector array area determines.
Temperature sensor is made up of PT100 platinum resistance and temperature transmitter, utilizes platinum resistance temperature to raise, electricity
The principle that resistance increases, by hot water temperature in the change-detection vacuum tube collector array of PT100 resistance.
Temperature transmitter, for voltage output type, temperature range is 0-200 DEG C, and output voltage is 1-5V, for by platinum
The change of resistance (water temperature) is converted to voltage, provides control signal for hot water storage control.
Hot water storage control is made up of single chip computer AT MG89c51 and interface circuit etc. thereof, and it can be according to hot water
Temperature voltage signal, is AD converted, computing, and output controls the control signal of electromagnetic valve open and close.
Electromagnetic valve is the executor that hot water used in system storing process controls, and it can export according to hot water storage control
Signal controls the storing process of attemperater hot water.
Annexation between above-mentioned building block is as follows:
Copper tube serpentine is arranged in glass-vacuum tube, and thermal-insulating sealing cover is positioned on the top of glass-vacuum tube, snakelike
Copper pipe is composed in series snakelike vacuum tube collector array, connecting copper pipe by thermal-insulating sealing cover two circular hole by copper pipe
Being embedded in incubation cavity with glass-vacuum tube upper end, the lower end of snakelike vacuum tube collector array is embedded into fixing
In the fixing groove of support, left and right fixing bar is connected with the aluminum alloy casing of incubation cavity and fixing groove, stablizes Serpentis
Shape vacuum tube collector array, the cold water oral siphon of snakelike vacuum tube collector array by the left of incubation cavity with
Running water pipe connects, hot water outlet pipe by incubation cavity respectively arrival end with hot water valve and electromagnetic valve connect,
Electromagnetic valve water side is connected to the water inlet of attemperater, preserves snakelike vacuum tube collector array output hot water,
Temperature sensor is installed in the hot water outlet pipe of snakelike vacuum tube collector array, temperature sensor (5)
Voltage output end receives the signal input part of hot water storage control, hot water storage control (4) output termination
To the control end of electromagnetic valve, the open and close duty of electromagnetic valve is determined by hot water temperature in hot water outlet pipe.
A kind of hot water storage controlling method of vacuum tube heat collection function formula solar water heater, process is:
(1), hot water control algorithm use sluggish control algolithm, control process includes three states: temperature control initiates
State, intensification hold mode and storage controlled state.
Temperature control initial state: when water temperature is not up to 45 DEG C in system starts or copper pipe, hot water storage controls
Device is operated in temperature control initial state, and closed electromagnetic valve state flag bit is " 1 ", and electromagnetic valve is closed,
Glass-vacuum tube is water heating, and water temperature gradually rises；
Intensification hold mode: when water temperature reaches 45 DEG C in hot water outlet pipe, and electricity in hot water storage control
Under conditions of magnet valve closed mode flag bit is " 1 ", hot water storage control is operated in intensification hold mode,
Electromagnetic valve is closed, and in copper pipe, water temperature gradually rises, and when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C, heats up and protects
The state of holding terminates, and hot water storage control enters storage controlled state, simultaneously by closed electromagnetic valve Status Flag
Position is " 0 ", and electromagnetic valve open state mark position is " 1 "；
Storage controlled state: when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C, hot water storage control is operated in storage and controls shape
State, controller output solenoid valve open (high level) drive signal, hot water stores in couveuse, meanwhile,
Water temperature can be gradually lowered, and when water temperature is reduced to 45 DEG C, hot water storage control output solenoid valve turns off (low
Level) drive signal, hot water stops storage, and hot water storage control enters soaking condition, and by electromagnetic valve
Open state mark position is " 0 ", and closed electromagnetic valve state flag bit is set to " 1 ", under the conditions of solar irradiation,
The circulation of hot water storage control is operated in intensification and keeps and storage controlled state；
(2), the composition of hot water storage control, including hardware system and the software system of hot water storage control
System, wherein, hardware system includes: ADC0809, AT89C51 system and peripheral drive circuit etc. thereof；
Software system, uses inquiry mode to realize AD conversion control, mainly includes system initialization, arranges AD and turn
Change control signal, AD conversion inquiry, system running state judgement and control and control signal output etc., control
Program flow diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
(3), the setting of storage hot water temperature 45-50 DEG C, the main thermal efficiency considering balance solar energy system with
Practicality.In solar water heating system, in system, hot water temperature is the highest, and system thermal loss is the biggest, but,
Hot water used in system temperature is the lowest, and practicality is deteriorated.It is 39 DEG C in view of people's optimal domestic water temperature of having a bath, will
Between hot water used in system temperature controls 45-50 DEG C, in the most both having can guarantee that attemperater 3, hot water temperature met life
With the requirement of water, system is made again to work at a lower temperature, it is achieved that between the thermal efficiency and the practicality of system
Balance.
Described electromagnetic valve is the executor that hot water used in system storing process controls, according to hot water storage control output letter
Number control attemperater hot water storing process.
Beneficial effect
Solar vacuum-tube water system and hot water thereof that the present invention proposes store control methods, and copper tube serpentine is integrated
In vacuum tube collector, water is heated in vacuum tube through copper tube serpentine, is on the one hand effectively utilized vacuum
The feature that the pipe heat collector thermal efficiency is high, on the other hand, water circulates in copper pipe, it is to avoid shape bottom vacuum tube
Become slough to produce to pollute, efficiently solve the secondary pollution problem that water is formed by traditional vacuum tube heat collector.
It addition, by the storing process designing hot water memory controller controls hot water, by heat collector heat outputting coolant-temperature gage
Control in applicable temperature range (45-50 DEG C), it is to avoid high temperature causes heat loss to increase, reached to improve system
The system thermal efficiency and the purpose of enhancing practicality.Meanwhile, system processing technique is simple, and cost is relatively low, installation is simple
Easily, vacuum tube collector array may be installed the position such as balcony, wall, and attemperater can be rest directly upon room
In, there is the features such as easy to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vacuum tube collector system composition schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the vacuum ports thermal insulation cover generalized section of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the hot water storage control hot water storage of the present invention controls；
Fig. 4 is the hot water storage control hardware composition schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the hot water storage control software flow pattern of the present invention.
In figure, the storage of 1-snakelike vacuum tube collector array, 2-incubation cavity, 3-attemperater, 4-hot water controls
Fix on the left of device, 5-temperature sensor, 6-electromagnetic valve, 7-on the right side of bar, 8-and fix bar, 9-fixes groove, 10-
Glass-vacuum tube, 11-copper tube serpentine, 12-Al alloy shell, 13-rubber plastic pipe, 14-glass cotton, 15-cold water enter
Water pipe, 16-hot water outlet pipe, 17-hot water valve, 18-shell fragment support, 19-thermal-insulating sealing cover, 20-are incubated water
Case outlet valve, 21-fixed support.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further details.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of vacuum tube heat collection function solar water heater and hot water storage controlling method, including:
The storage of snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1, incubation cavity 2, fixed support 21, attemperater 3, hot water controls
Device 4, temperature sensor 5, electromagnetic valve 6.
Described snakelike vacuum tube collector array is used for converting the solar into heat energy, by glass-vacuum tube 10,
Copper tube serpentine 11, shell fragment support 18, thermal-insulating sealing cover 19 form；
The feature of snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1 is:
(1), glass-vacuum tube 10 be inner and outer pipes double-decker, material use Pyrex, inner tube appearance
Face coating ahsorption membrane layer, improves solar radiative absorption rate and reduces its emissivity, the inner and outer pipes of glass-vacuum tube 10
Between space be vacuum layer, reduce because of cross-ventilation, cause heat loss, wherein, outer glass tube
Light transmittance requirement is more than more than 89%, and the absorbance of inner tube absorbed layer should be greater than 93%, and emissivity should be less than 5%,
Vacuum≤5 × 10 between inner and outer pipes-2Pa, diameter of inner pipe is 4.8cm.
(2), copper tube serpentine 11 is arranged on the inside of glass-vacuum tube 10, is current siphunculus, and material uses
Thermal conductivity is high, the copper pipe of easily deformable processing, uses serpentine configuration purpose to be to increase copper pipe glass evacuated
Heating surface area in pipe 10, extends water circulation distance in glass-vacuum tube 10, increases water true at glass
Heat time heating time in blank pipe 10, improve the programming rate of water, in the snakelike processing of copper pipe, maximum curvature radius
Can not be more than glass-vacuum tube 10 diameter of inner pipe, shell fragment support 18 is arranged on bottom copper tube serpentine 11, is used for
Fixing copper tube serpentine 11.
(3), glass-vacuum tube 10 port thermal-insulating sealing cover 19 select thermal conductivity low (less than 0.2W/m.k),
High temperature resistant (fusing point be more than 180 DEG C) and be prone to the polypropylene plastics cover processed, structure as in figure 2 it is shown,
Top has out two circular holes for installing connecting copper pipe, and in fig. 2, in thermal-insulating sealing cover 19, plug portion is straight
Footpath dn requires consistent with the internal diameter of glass-vacuum tube 10, interior plug thickness t2Require more than 4cm, thermal-insulating sealing cover
The 19 wide t1 of bayonet socket require consistent with the port thickness of glass of glass-vacuum tube 10.
(4), copper tube serpentine 11 is contacted by copper pipe in each glass-vacuum tube 10, glass-vacuum tube 10 of contacting
Quantity by user, the factors such as the solar irradiance of hot water amount and territory of use are determined, snakelike vacuum tube heat collection function
Leaving cold water such as water pipe 15 on the left of device array 1, hot water outlet pipe 16 is left on right side.
Described fixed support 21 is used for fixing snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1, fixing groove 9, left side fix
Bar 7 and right side are fixed bar 8 and are formed, and fixing groove 9 uses aluminium alloy, left side to fix bar 7, bar 8 is fixed on right side
For connecting fixing groove 9 and the Al alloy shell 12 of incubation cavity 2 of bottom, it is achieved to snakelike vacuum tube collector
Fixing of array 1.
Described incubation cavity 2 is for snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1 upper port and the fixing and guarantor of connecting copper pipe
Temperature, the feature of incubation cavity 2 is:
(1), incubation cavity 2 double-decker, nexine requires that selection is prone to processing, good heat preservation performance and heat-resist
Material, design selects rubber tube 13 be nexine, outer layer select be prone to process, aluminum alloy materials that intensity is high,
Design Al alloy shell 12.
(2), circular empty and strip groove is had, for installing fixing glass-vacuum tube bottom rubber tube 13
Upper end and connecting copper pipe.Al alloy shell 12 is installed at the outside of rubber tube 13, play reinforcing incubation cavity 2 and
Bar 7 is fixed in left side in fixed support 21, the effect that bar 8 connects is fixed on right side, fills out inside rubber tube 13
Fill glass cotton 14 for being incubated.Being cold water inlet pipe 15 on the left of incubation cavity 2, right side is hot water outlet pipe 16.
Described attemperater 3 exports hot water owing to depositing snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1, and its volume can root
Determine according to snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1 area.
Described temperature passes device 5 and is made up of PT100 platinum resistance and temperature transmitter, as shown in Figure 4, utilizes it
Temperature raises, the feature that resistance value increases, and by monitoring the difference of its resistance value, measures temperature.
It is characterized by:
(1), temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance be 3.9 × 10-3/ DEG C, when 0 DEG C, resistance value is 100 Ω, and resistance change rate is
0.3851Ω/℃。
(2) in, platinum resistance is arranged on incubation cavity output end of hot water copper pipe.
(3), temperature transmitter, for voltage output type, it is for by the change of platinum resistance resistance (water temperature)
Being converted to voltage signal, provide control signal for hot water storage control 4, its temperature range is 0-200 DEG C,
Output voltage is 1-5V, and voltage temperature rate of change is 20mV/ DEG C, and when temperature is 0 DEG C, platinum resistance resistance is
100 Ω, output voltage is 1V.
Described hot water storage control 4, according to temperature sensor 5 output temperature information of voltage, uses sluggishness control
Control algolithm processed, is completed hot water temperature's by ADC0809, AT89C51 system and interface circuit thereof etc.
A/D conversion and computing, output solenoid valve open and close control signal, it is achieved the control to hot water storing process.
It is characterized by:
(1), hot water control algorithm use sluggish control algolithm, control process includes three states: temperature control initiates shape
State, intensification hold mode and storage controlled state.
Temperature control initial state: when water temperature is not up to 45 DEG C in system starts or copper pipe, hot water storage controls
Device 4 is operated in temperature control initial state, and electromagnetic valve 6 closed mode flag bit is " 1 ", and electromagnetic valve 6 is in pass
Closed state, glass-vacuum tube 10 heats for water, and water temperature gradually rises；
Intensification hold mode: when water temperature reaches 45 DEG C in hot water outlet pipe 16, and hot water storage control 4
Under conditions of middle electromagnetic valve 6 closed mode flag bit is " 1 ", hot water storage control 4 is operated in intensification and protects
Holding state, electromagnetic valve 6 is closed, and in copper pipe, water temperature gradually rises, when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C
Time, intensification hold mode terminates, and hot water storage control 4 enters storage controlled state, simultaneously by electromagnetic valve 6
Closed mode flag bit is " 0 ", and electromagnetic valve 6 open state mark position is " 1 "；
Storage controlled state: when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C, hot water storage control 4 is operated in storage control
State, controller output solenoid valve 6 open (high level) drive signal, hot water stores in couveuse, with
Time, water temperature can be gradually lowered, when water temperature is reduced to 45 DEG C, and hot water storage control 4 output solenoid valve 6
Turning off (low level) and drive signal, hot water stops storage, and hot water storage control 4 enters soaking condition,
And be " 0 " by electromagnetic valve 6 open state mark position, electromagnetic valve 6 closed mode mark position is " 1 ",
Under the conditions of solar irradiation, hot water storage control 4 circulation is operated in intensification and keeps and storage controlled state, its
Control process is as shown in Figure 3.
(2), the composition of hot water storage control 4, including the hardware system of hot water storage control 4 and soft
Part system, wherein, hardware system includes: ADC0809, AT89C51 system and peripheral drive circuit thereof
Deng, theory of constitution is as shown in Figure 4.Software system, uses inquiry mode to realize AD conversion control, mainly
Including system initialization, arrange AD conversion control signal, AD conversion inquiry, system running state judge and
Control and control signal output etc., control program flow diagram as shown in Figure 5.
(3), the setting of storage hot water temperature 45-50 DEG C, the main thermal efficiency considering balance solar energy system with
Practicality.In solar water heating system, in system, hot water temperature is the highest, and system thermal loss is the biggest, but,
Hot water used in system temperature is the lowest, and practicality is deteriorated.It is 39 DEG C in view of people's optimal domestic water temperature of having a bath, will
Between hot water used in system temperature controls 45-50 DEG C, in the most both having can guarantee that attemperater 3, hot water temperature met life
With the requirement of water, system is made again to work at a lower temperature, it is achieved that between the thermal efficiency and the practicality of system
Balance.
Described electromagnetic valve 6 is the executor that hot water used in system storing process controls, defeated according to hot water storage control 4
Go out signal and control the storing process of attemperater 3 hot water.
Annexation between above-mentioned building block is as follows:
Copper tube serpentine 11 is arranged in glass-vacuum tube 10, and thermal-insulating sealing cover 19 is positioned on glass-vacuum tube 10
Top, copper tube serpentine 11 is composed in series snakelike vacuum tube collection by 19 liang of circular holes of thermal-insulating sealing cover by copper pipe
Hot device array 1, connecting copper pipe and glass-vacuum tube 10 upper end are embedded in incubation cavity 2, snakelike vacuum tube collection
The lower end of hot device array 1 is embedded in the fixing groove 9 of fixed support 21, a left side for fixed support 21 fix bar 7,
Right fixing bar 8 is connected with aluminum alloy casing 12 and the fixing groove 9 of incubation cavity 2, stablizes snakelike vacuum tube heat collection function
Device array 1, the cold water oral siphon 15 of snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1 passes through on the left of incubation cavity 2 with from the beginning
Water pipe connects, hot water outlet pipe 16 by incubation cavity 2 respectively with hot water valve 17 and the arrival end of electromagnetic valve 6
Connecting, electromagnetic valve 6 water side is connected to the water inlet of attemperater 3, preserves snakelike vacuum tube collector battle array
Row 1 export hot water, and temperature sensor 5 is installed to the hot water outlet pipe 16 of snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1
In, the voltage output end of temperature sensor 5 receives the signal input part of hot water storage control 4, and hot water is deposited
The control end of electromagnetic valve 6 received by storage controller 4 outfan, and the open and close duty of electromagnetic valve 6 is by hot water
In outlet pipe 16, hot water temperature determines.
The work process of native system is as follows:
First, solar energy is converted to heat energy through snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1, in glass-vacuum tube 1
Copper tube serpentine 11 in chamber heats, and cold water is by cold water oral siphon 15 on the left of snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1
Enter, be left-to-right heated by the copper tube serpentine 11 in snakelike vacuum tube collector array 1, by right side heat
Water outlet pipe 16 flows out.Heat outputting coolant-temperature gage height is existed by solar energy irradiance, ambient temperature, flow and water
In copper tube serpentine, the time of staying etc. determine.For improving system thermal efficiency and strengthening the practicality of system, devise
Hot water storage control 4, utilizes temperature sensor 5 to detect hot water temperature's information in hot water outlet pipe, by hot water
Storage control 4 uses sluggish control algolithm, controls hot water at 45-50 DEG C by controlling electromagnetic valve 6, and
It is stored in attemperater, so makes system be operated in applicable temperature, reduce heat loss, meet life simultaneously
With the needs of water, reach improve system thermal efficiency and strengthen the purpose of system availability.Meanwhile, hot water used in system
Also directly can be used for user by hot water valve 17.It addition, the snakelike vacuum tube collector array 11 of the present invention
May be installed the position such as balcony, wall, attemperater 3 is rest directly upon indoor, has easy to install
Etc. feature.
Claims (3)
1. a vacuum tube heat collection function formula solar water heater, it is characterised in that including: snakelike vacuum tube heat collection function
The storage of device array (1), incubation cavity (2), fixed support (21), attemperater (3), hot water controls
Device (4), temperature sensor (5), electromagnetic valve (6)；
Described snakelike vacuum tube collector array is propped up by glass-vacuum tube (10), copper tube serpentine (11), shell fragment
Frame (18), thermal-insulating sealing cover (19) form, and are used for converting the solar into heat energy；The most glass evacuated
Pipe for inner and outer pipes double-decker, inner tube outer surface coating ahsorption membrane layer, be conducive to improving solar radiative absorption rate and
Reduce its emissivity；Space between glass-vacuum tube inner and outer pipes is vacuum layer, for reduce because of cross-ventilation,
The heat loss caused；Copper tube serpentine is arranged on the inside of glass-vacuum tube, is current siphunculus, uses Serpentis
The purpose of shape structure is to increase copper pipe heating surface area in glass-vacuum tube, extends water at glass-vacuum tube
In circulation distance, increase water heat time heating time in vacuum tube, improve the programming rate of water；Shell fragment support
It is arranged on bottom copper tube serpentine, for copper tube serpentine is fixed；Thermal-insulating sealing cover is that top has out two circles
The polypropylene plastics cover in hole, for the sealing thermal insulation to glass-vacuum tube opening, two circular holes are as copper pipe
Outlet；Connected by copper pipe between each vacuum tube, constitute snakelike vacuum tube collector array；Cold water is by vacuum tube
The left end cold water inlet of collector array flows into, and is flowed out by right-hand member hot water outlet end after heating；
Incubation cavity (2) is made up of aluminum alloy casing (12), rubber tube (13) and glass cotton (14), uses
Fixing in insulation and snakelike vacuum tube collector array；Rubber tube is inner tube, and aluminium alloy is shell, internal
Filling glass cotton is used for being incubated；Incubation cavity left end leaves cold water pipe entrance, and right-hand member leaves hot-water line outlet；
Fixed support (21) is fixed bar (7) by fixing groove (9), right side and left side is fixed bar (8) and formed,
For fixing vacuum tube collector array；Fixing groove uses aluminum alloy materials, and left and right side is fixed bar and used aluminum
Alloy square pipe, is used for connecting fixing groove and top incubation cavity aluminum alloy casing, it is achieved to snakelike vacuum tube heat collection function
Fixing of device array；
Attemperater (3) is used for storing snakelike vacuum tube collector array output hot water, and its volume can be according to very
Blank pipe collector array area determines；
Temperature sensor (5) is made up of PT100 platinum resistance and temperature transmitter, utilizes platinum resistance temperature to raise,
The principle that resistance value increases, by hot water temperature in the change-detection vacuum tube collector array of PT100 resistance；
Temperature transmitter, for voltage output type, temperature range is 0-200 DEG C, and output voltage is 1-5V, for by platinum
The change of resistance (water temperature) is converted to voltage, provides control signal for hot water storage control；
Hot water storage control (6) is made up of single chip computer AT MG89c51 and interface circuit etc. thereof, and it can root
According to hot water temperature's voltage signal, being AD converted, computing, output controls the control signal of electromagnetic valve open and close；
Electromagnetic valve (7) is the executor that hot water used in system storing process controls, and it can be according to hot water storage control
Output signal controls the storing process of attemperater hot water.
2. a kind of vacuum tube heat collection function formula solar water heater described in general layout claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Annexation between each building block is as follows:
Copper tube serpentine (11) is arranged in glass-vacuum tube (10), and it is true that thermal-insulating sealing cover (19) is positioned on glass
The top of blank pipe (10), copper tube serpentine (11) is connected by copper pipe by thermal-insulating sealing cover (19) two circular hole
Forming snakelike vacuum tube collector array (1), connecting copper pipe and glass-vacuum tube (10) upper end are embedded into guarantor
In temperature chamber (2), the lower end of snakelike vacuum tube collector array (1) is embedded into consolidating of fixed support (21)
Determining in groove (9), bar (7) is fixed on the right side of fixed support (21) and bar (8) and incubation cavity are fixed in left side
(2) aluminum alloy casing (12) is connected with fixing groove (9), stablizes snakelike vacuum tube collector array (1),
The cold water oral siphon (15) of snakelike vacuum tube collector array (1) passes through incubation cavity (2) left side with from the beginning
Water pipe connects, hot water outlet pipe (16) by incubation cavity (2) respectively with hot water valve (17) and electromagnetic valve (6)
Arrival end connect, electromagnetic valve (6) water side is connected to the water inlet of attemperater (3), preserves snakelike
Vacuum tube collector array (1) output hot water, temperature sensor (5) is installed to snakelike vacuum tube collector
In the hot water outlet pipe (16) of array (1), the voltage output end of temperature sensor (5) is received hot water and is deposited
The signal input part of storage controller (4), electromagnetic valve (6) received by hot water storage control (4) outfan
Controlling end, the open and close duty of electromagnetic valve (6) is determined by hot water temperature in hot water outlet pipe (16).
3. the hot water storage controlling method of a vacuum tube heat collection function formula solar water heater, it is characterised in that:
(1), hot water control algorithm use sluggish control algolithm, control process includes three states: temperature control initiates
State, intensification hold mode and storage controlled state；
Temperature control initial state: when water temperature is not up to 45 DEG C in system starts or copper pipe, hot water storage controls
Device is operated in temperature control initial state, and closed electromagnetic valve state flag bit is " 1 ", and electromagnetic valve is closed,
Glass-vacuum tube is water heating, and water temperature gradually rises；
Intensification hold mode: when water temperature reaches 45 DEG C in hot water outlet pipe, and electricity in hot water storage control
Under conditions of magnet valve closed mode flag bit is " 1 ", hot water storage control is operated in intensification hold mode,
Electromagnetic valve is closed, and in copper pipe, water temperature gradually rises, and when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C, heats up and protects
The state of holding terminates, and hot water storage control enters storage controlled state, simultaneously by closed electromagnetic valve Status Flag
Position is " 0 ", and electromagnetic valve open state mark position is " 1 "；
Storage controlled state: when hot water temperature reaches 50 DEG C, hot water storage control is operated in storage and controls shape
State, controller output solenoid valve open (high level) drive signal, hot water stores in couveuse, meanwhile,
Water temperature can be gradually lowered, and when water temperature is reduced to 45 DEG C, hot water storage control output solenoid valve turns off (low
Level) drive signal, hot water stops storage, and hot water storage control enters soaking condition, and by electromagnetic valve
Open state mark position is " 0 ", and closed electromagnetic valve state flag bit is set to " 1 ", under the conditions of solar irradiation,
The circulation of hot water storage control is operated in intensification and keeps and storage controlled state；
(2), the composition of hot water storage control, including hardware system and the software system of hot water storage control
System, wherein, hardware system includes: ADC0809, AT89C51 system and peripheral drive circuit thereof；Soft
Part system, uses inquiry mode to realize AD conversion control, mainly includes system initialization, arranges AD conversion
The inquiry of control signal, AD conversion, system running state judge and control and control signal output；
Described electromagnetic valve is the executor that hot water used in system storing process controls, according to hot water storage control output letter
Number control attemperater hot water storing process.
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| CN201610383344.4A CN105953442A (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | Vacuum tube heat collecting solar water heater and hot water storage control method |
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| CN201610383344.4A CN105953442A (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | Vacuum tube heat collecting solar water heater and hot water storage control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507189A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-07 | 楚雄师范学院 | A kind of heat-collecting heat-storage formula vacuum pipe solar collecting system |
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| CN206037440U (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-03-22 | 楚雄师范学院 | Vacuum tube heat collection type solar water heater |
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| CN2861878Y (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-24 | 朴来玟 | Vacuum tube type solar heat collector |
| CN201348385Y (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2009-11-18 | 周锡明 | Series excitation solar water heater |
| CN101639296A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-03 | 北京桑达太阳能技术有限公司 | Thermal storage type vacuum tube |
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