CN105953263A - Compression ignition type ignition device and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ignition devices in the aspect of mechanical design, and particularly relates to a compression ignition type ignition device and a method thereof. The device comprises a barrel body and a piston; the piston is inserted into an inner chamber of the barrel body; a base is connected to the bottom of the barrel body; a groove is formed in the base; and a cavity for holding inflammables is formed in the groove. According to the invention, a compression ignition principle that temperature sharply rises by quickly compressing air is utilized, and outdoor easily-obtained inflammables such as charcoal, paper scraps, cotton cloth and fluffy grass are ignited to be used as a kindling material, thus realizing the ignition function. The device and the method are simple and practical, are applicable to detailed design of the compression ignition type ignition device, and are relatively strong in practicability.

Description

A kind of compression-ignited firing device and method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the firing device technical field in terms of Machine Design, particularly to a kind of compression ignition Formula firing device and method thereof.

Background technology

Human lives be unable to do without fire, creates numerous method and apparatus around the problem of igniting, as The patent of invention " gas lighter " of Publication No. 103062791A disclosed in 24 days April in 2013 With JIUYUE in 2014 17 days disclosed in the patent of invention of Publication No. 104048317A " electric arc is struck sparks Machine " etc..Although above-mentioned published method and apparatus of igniting is convenient, practical, but there are needs and disappear The problem of the auxiliary fire-lighters such as consumption flint, battery, gasoline, liquefied gas, if above-mentioned auxiliary fire-lighter Exhaust, the most no longer can ignite.In normal circumstances, due to the firing devices such as lighter be prone to buy, Supplementing, this problem does not highlight；If but when tourism, exploration, facing this at desolate and uninhabited place and ask Topic, then be difficult to overcome.

To this end, Publication No. CN104566453A, Application No. disclosed in 29 days April in 2015 The application for a patent for invention " a kind of lighter for field survivorship " of 201410710846.4 is open A kind of without can the lighter of expendable auxiliary fire-lighter.This patent application, by two one end Close, caliber small one and large one, the pvc pipe that is nested together, the air in compression Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe, Making its temperature raise, ignite combustibles.As it is shown in figure 1, Fig. 1 is prior art construction schematic diagram, I.e. piston is in the position view just starting compression closing chamber air.

Although this patent application have simple in construction, without can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter advantage. But the open file of this application illustrate only basic ideas and structure, it is not specified that this kind of firing device Design, computational methods, be not easy to those skilled in the art carry out product detailed design work. This application there is also problems with simultaneously:

1) combustibles being positioned over pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe end easily come off；

2) pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe is extracted from Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe inconvenience out, because envelope when extracting out Closed end produces negative pressure, hinders the extraction of pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe；

3) easily stop working when pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe being extracted out from Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe, because extracting out Time blind end produce negative pressure, rarefaction of air, be unfavorable for burning.

Summary of the invention

For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of compression-ignited firing device And method.Purpose be to provide one have simple in construction, be easy to carry, without can expendable auxiliary Help fire-lighter, and simple to operate, easy to use, be suitable to the dress of igniting used when tourism, exploration Put and be applicable to the design and calculation method of compression-ignited firing device.

In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of compression-ignited firing device, including cylinder and piston；Piston is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder In, cylinder body bottom connect have base, base to be provided with groove, be provided with in this groove can accommodate inflammable The cavity volume of thing.

Described cylinder is tubular structure, and piston is rod-like structure；Described cylinder upper/lower terminal is all provided with Having opening, opening diameter is consistent with cylinder internal diameter；One end of described piston is from the upper opening of cylinder End is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder, the stem portion of inserted cylinder, and its length is equal in cylinder The chamber degree of depth or less than the cylinder lumen degree of depth；When piston inserts cylinder, and barrel is crossed in its front end After aperture, in cylinder, form the air chamber of closing；Piston and cylinder are matched in clearance, and piston can The air in the most mobile also compression cylinder body in the inner chamber of cylinder.

The little hole number of described barrel is 2-4.

Described cylinder lower end be hinged with can the base of folding, described cylinder is away from lower end certain distance The aperture being evenly distributed is had on barrel；At faying face between described cylinder and base, the end of at Metal material or the refractory seals pad of fire prevention non-metallic material it is embedded with on seat.

The stem portion of described piston has annular groove, piston rod shape part have one group equidistant Annular groove, the scope of open loop connected in star is: assume that barrel is little by fully-inserted for piston cylinder Hole is until piston rod shape part corresponding to cylinder lower end is the scope needing open loop connected in star.

Described annular groove spacing 3～5mm, annular groove cross sectional shape is V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle Shape.

The other end of described piston is provided with handle convenient to operate；Described combustibles include Linesless charcoal, paper Bits, cotton, fluffy grass, Cotton Gossypii, wood flour.

Described piston is provided with mark, and mark is i.e. that prompting user piston should be previously inserted at cylinder The degree of depth in inner chamber.

The method of igniting of a kind of compression-ignited firing device described in utilization mainly comprises the steps that

Step 1: determine the kind of the firing device combustibles for igniting；

Step 2: determine in the combustibles for igniting, the peak T of ignition temperature_max；

Step 3: Fast Compression air: in order to ensure the reliability ignited, easy for ignite Combustion the highest ignition temperature T of thing_maxOn the basis of, determine and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e. such as formula (1) shown in, with the highest ignition temperature T_maxWith temperature margin Δ T sum, close as firing device The temperature desired value T that air chamber 5 compression ends₂；

T₂=T_max+ΔT (1)；

Step 4: determine ambient temperature when firing device works and ambient atmosphere pressure, and be Temperature T that compression is initial₁With pressure P₁, the temperature desired value T of compression end of a period₂True by formula (1) Fixed, these three known parameters are substituted into formula (2), formula (3), simultaneous calculates the pressure that compression ends Strong P₂And the initial volume ratio ended with compression of compression

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right);$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right);$

In formula: P is air absolute pressure, V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is empty Gas isentropic index, subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively；

In formula, the measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows:

T:k；

P:Pa；

V: cubic meter；

L:m；

M:kg；

D:m；

Step 5: determine the combustibles size wishing to put into firing device, determine therefrom that piston is complete After inserting cylinder, length L of inner barrel remaining space₂, namely the occluded air chamber that compression ends Length；

Step 6: by initial for the compression volume ratio ended with compressionThe occluded air ended with compression Cavity length L₂Substitution formula (4), calculates the occluded air cavity length L that compression process is initial₁；

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

Step 7: smooth and easy in order to make piston move in cylinder, closes quickly promoting piston compression Before air chamber, making piston be previously inserted cylinder certain depth, this section of cylinder can be considered guiding Section, determines guide section length L by formula (5)₀, and away from piston nose L₀Place takes to mark mark etc. Mode points out the degree of depth that user piston should be previously inserted；

$\frac{1}{3}{L}_1\≤L_0\≤\frac{1}{2}{L}_1---\left(5\right);$

Step 8: determine degree of depth L of cylinder lumen by formula (6)_p；

L_p=L₁+L₀(6)；

Step 9: determine piston rod shape partial-length L by formula (7)_r；

L_r=L_p-L₂(7)；

Step 10: determine body weight m of typically used as person, and substitute into the compression end of a period pressure having calculated that Strong P₂, the diameter of piston, i.e. cylinder internal diameter D is calculated by formula (8)；

$P_2-P_1=\frac{mg}{\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\πD}}^2}---\left(8\right);$

In formula: m represents the quality of user, g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P₁For pressure By force；

The occluded air cavity length L that described compression ends₂, less than or equal to 10mm；

Described piston diameter D, more than or equal to 10mm；

Use away from piston nose L₀The mode of place's marking mark points out user piston to be previously inserted The degree of depth.

In described step 2, determine that the ignition point of combustibles for igniting is 300～500 DEG C of scopes In, therefore take the peak T of ignition temperature_maxIt it is 500 DEG C；Consider the temperature margin of 20%, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then the temperature desired value T that the compression of occluded air chamber ends₂Reach 600 DEG C (873K) permissible Reliable ignition combustibles；The implementation of described Fast Compression air is: with in piston compression cylinder body Occluded air chamber；By aerothermodynami volume, this process can approximate and be considered as isentropic procedure, because of This, the initial and end of a period state of compression process, following equation establishment:

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right)$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein: formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is Air absolute pressure；V is volume of air；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index； Subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively；

For the present embodiment, it is 1 × 10 that pressure shrinks the ambient atmosphere pressure of beginning⁵Pa, volume are 100%, temperature is 293K, and the temperature that pressure contracting ends is 873K identified above, takes isentropic index It is 1.4, data above is substituted into formula (2), (3), solves:

V₂=6.5%, P₂=45.7 × 10⁵Pa (absolute pressure)；

As long as above-mentioned result of calculation is it is meant that by the 6.5% of air Fast Compression to original volume, Obtain the high temperature of 600 DEG C (873K)；

Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, the occluded air cavity length L that pressure contracting ends₂For 6.5mm；By Being cylindric in occluded air chamber, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) is set up, and can solve The occluded air cavity length L that compression is initial₁For 100mm；

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

From formula (4), L₁With L₂It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, firing device should be limited Overall length, therefore the present invention limits the occluded air cavity length L that compression ends₂Less than or equal to 10mm；

In order to make piston in cylinder mobile smooth and easy, quickly promote piston compression occluded air chamber it Before, make piston be previously inserted cylinder 4 certain depth, this section of cylinder can be considered guide section；Lead To segment length L₀Empirically being determined by formula (5), the present embodiment takes L₀For 50mm, and away from Piston nose L₀It is deep that marking mark prompting user piston in place's should be previously inserted in cylinder lumen Degree；

Degree of depth L of cylinder lumen is can determine that by formula (6)_pFor 150mm；

L_p=L₁+L₀(6)；

Piston rod shape partial-length L is can determine that by formula (7)_rFor 143.5mm；

L_r=L_p-L₂(7)；

Described Fast Compression air needs Fast Compression piston, the mode of compression can be weight tap or The body weight pressure relying on user self is pressed.

Advantages of the present invention and providing the benefit that:

The present invention utilizes Fast Compression air can make the compression-ignition principle that its temperature drastically raises, it is achieved that Ignite function, there is simple in construction, be easy to carry, easy to use and without flint, battery, combustion Material etc. can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter advantage, be suitable to tourism, explore time use.

The present invention utilizes Fast Compression air can make the compression-ignition principle that its temperature drastically raises, and lights family The combustibles such as the Linesless charcoal that is easily obtained outward, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass are as kindling material, it is achieved merit of igniting Energy.The present invention is simple and practical, it is adaptable to the detailed design of compression-ignited firing device, and practicality Stronger.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art；

Fig. 2 is that (piston is in and just starts compression and close the position of chamber air for the structural representation of the present invention Put)；

Fig. 3 is the view of the fully-inserted cylinder of piston in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the right view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the front view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the left view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In figure: handle 1, piston 2, cylinder 3, aperture 4, air chamber 5, base 6, sealing gasket 7, combustibles 8, identify 9.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

The present invention is a kind of compression-ignited firing device and method thereof, below with reference to accompanying drawing, to this Bright preferred embodiment is described in detail: should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for illustrating this Bright rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.

A kind of compression-ignited firing device of the present invention is mainly made up of tubular barrel 3 and bar-shaped piston 2, One end of piston 2 is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder 3 from the upper, open end of cylinder 3, piston 2 The other end be provided with handle 1；Connect bottom cylinder 3 and have base 6, between cylinder 3 and base 6 At faying face, being embedded with refractory seals pad 7 on base 6, this sealing gasket 7 selects metal material Or fireproof non-metallic material.

Its middle cylinder body 3 is tubular structure, and piston 2 is rod-like structure.Described cylinder 3 upper and lower two Holding equal opening, opening diameter is consistent with cylinder 3 internal diameter, and described cylinder 3 lower end is hinged with can folding Base 6, base 6 is provided with groove, has the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles 8 in this groove. Described cylinder 3 has the aperture 4 being evenly distributed on the barrel away from lower end certain distance, described Barrel aperture 4 quantity is 2-4.Described combustibles 8 include: Linesless charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, Fluffy grass, Cotton Gossypii, wood flour etc..

Described piston 2, its stem portion has one group of equally spaced annular groove within the specific limits, The scope of piston 2 stem portion open loop connected in star determines as follows: assume complete for piston 2 Inserting cylinder 3, barrel aperture 4 is until piston 2 stem portion corresponding to cylinder 3 lower end is needs The scope of open loop connected in star.Described annular groove spacing 3～5mm, annular groove cross sectional shape is V Shape, rectangle or semicircle etc. are prone to the shape of processing.

One end of described piston 2 is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder 3 from the upper, open end of cylinder 3, The stem portion of inserted cylinder 3, its length is equal to cylinder 3 depth of inner cavity or less than in cylinder 3 The chamber degree of depth.When piston 2 inserts cylinder 3, and after barrel aperture 4 is crossed in its front end, at cylinder The air chamber 5 closed is formed in body 3.

Described piston 2 is provided with mark 9, and mark 9 is i.e. that prompting user piston 2 should be in advance It is inserted in the degree of depth in cylinder 3 inner chamber.The other end of piston 2 is additionally provided with handle 1 convenient to operate, Piston 2 and cylinder 3 are matched in clearance, and piston 2 quickly can move and press in the inner chamber of cylinder 3 Air in contracting cylinder 3.

Embodiment 2:

The major parts such as the piston 2 of this preferred embodiment, cylinder 3, base 6, material selection intensity Rustless steel high, that heat conductivity is relatively low, on the premise of ensureing structural strength, reduces device heat and passes Lead the adverse effect that heat radiation brings to igniting.

The piston 2 of this preferred embodiment, cylinder 3, the H11/c11 selecting gap bigger coordinates, and protects Card can move flexibly at the outdoor environment piston 2 that sand and dust are bigger.

The principle Analysis of the present invention is as follows:

The basic thought of the present invention, is to utilize Fast Compression air can make the pressure that its temperature drastically raises Combustion principle, lights the combustibles such as Linesless charcoal that open air is easily obtained, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass as fire Kind, it is achieved function of igniting.

This preferred embodiment realizes the mode of Fast Compression air: compress in cylinder 3 with piston 2 Occluded air chamber 5.Piston 2 end is provided with handle 1, in order to operation.In order to prevent piston 2 Excessively going deep into extruding combustibles 8 in cylinder 3, piston 2 can be inserted into the stem portion of cylinder 3, its Length should be not more than cylinder 3 depth of inner cavity.

For the ease of placement and the taking-up of combustibles 8, this preferred embodiment is hinged in cylinder 3 lower end Can the base 6 of folding, base 6 also has the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles 8.Base 6 dozens When opening, it is convenient to place combustibles 8 in its cavity volume or take out the combustibles 8 lighted.? Base 6 is also embedded with refractory seals pad 7 with the position of cylinder 3 lower end laminating, it is ensured that base 6 closes Sealing between cylinder 3 and base 6 during conjunction.

Problems with will affect the effect of igniting of this preferred embodiment:

(1) in order to ensure that the outdoor environment piston 2 sand and dust are bigger can move flexibly, piston 2, Cylinder 3 has selected bigger fit clearance, when thus bringing compressed air, pressure-air from The problem of gap seepage；

(2) part such as cylinder 3, piston 2, base 6 contacts with compressed air, and its conduction of heat dissipates Heat effect will reduce compressed-air actuated temperature.

For gap leakage problems, this preferred embodiment is in the certain limit of piston 2 stem portion Have one group of equally spaced annular groove, make flow losses during compressed air seepage by single edge Journey loss is converted into the combination of multiple linear loss and local losses, is remarkably improved compressed-air actuated Seepage resistance, reduces air leakage.In order to ensure sealing, the distance of annular groove is 4mm. The cross sectional shape of annular groove can be the shape that V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle etc. are prone to processing.

On piston 2, another advantage of open loop connected in star is that this annular groove actually also plays The effect of balancing slit, makes at piston 2 fluting pressure circumferentially identical, reduces piston 2 and cylinder The side force of 3, thus reduce frictional resistance when piston 2 moves.Correlational study result shows, Opening three balancing slits can make side force reduce to less than 24%, opens seven and can reduce to about 2.7%.

Smooth and easy in order to make piston 2 move in cylinder 3, empty quickly promoting piston 2 compression to close Before air cavity 5, piston 2 should be made to be previously inserted cylinder 3 certain depth, this section of cylinder 3 can It is considered as guide section.About before quickly promoting piston 2 to compress occluded air chamber 5, how to judge Piston 2 has reached the sufficiently long correct position of guarantee guide section, can have multiple method, Such as scribe position labelling on the piston 2, arranging stress on piston 2 or cylinder 3 can the determining of retraction Position device etc..Present invention employs a kind of structure simpler, use more easily method: at cylinder The aperture 4 being evenly distributed is opened on the barrel of 3.Barrel aperture 4 is evenly distributed and can ensure that piston 2 uniform force；Considering from processing technology, 3 apertures are the most suitable.

The cylinder 3 of barrel aperture more than 4 is guide section, the most then be the part of occluded air.Make Used time, first base 6 is closed, piston 2 is inserted cylinder 3.Cylinder is not crossed in piston 2 front end During wall aperture 4, the air in cylinder 3 is discharged by barrel aperture 4, and piston 2 can move smoothly； When barrel aperture 4 is crossed in piston 2 front end, due to the occluded air chamber 5 shape in cylinder 3 Becoming, the resistance that piston 2 moves substantially increases, and user i.e. may know that piston 2 has reached to protect The correct position of card guide section length.

A kind of compression-ignited firing device is utilized to carry out igniting and specifically include following work process:

The first step: open base 6, places Linesless charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass etc. in its cavity volume Combustibles 8；

Second step: closed base 6, is vertically placed on ground down by cylinder 3 base 6 so that it is Stable；

3rd step: piston 2 is inserted cylinder 3 and essentially coincides position to its front end and barrel aperture 4, Now, even if not holding piston 2, owing to the occluded air chamber 5 in cylinder 3 has been formed, live Plug 2 is by static or slowly decline；

4th step: the most fiercely tap with the weight such as iron hammer, stone or push down on work by quick-moving speed Handle 1 position of plug 2, makes piston 2 insert in cylinder 3 the soonest, as far as possible, with Just the temperature in cylinder 3 occluded air chamber 5 improves as far as possible；

5th step: open base 6, checks that combustibles 8 are ignited the most；

6th step: repetition step 3 is to step 5, until combustibles are ignited.

Embodiment 3:

The method of igniting of a kind of compression-ignited firing device described in utilization mainly comprises the steps that

(1) kind of the firing device combustibles for igniting is determined；

(2) consulting literatures data or by test, determine in the combustibles 6 for igniting, burning-point The peak T of temperature_max；

(3) Fast Compression air: in order to ensure the reliability ignited, at the combustibles for igniting 6 the highest ignition temperatures T_maxOn the basis of, determine and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e. such as formula (1) Shown in, with the highest ignition temperature T_maxWith temperature margin Δ T sum, as firing device occluded air The temperature desired value T that chamber 5 compression ends₂；

T₂=T_max+ΔT (1)

(4) determine ambient temperature when firing device works and ambient atmosphere pressure, and with for compression Initial temperature T₁With pressure P₁, the temperature desired value T of compression end of a period₂Determined by formula (1), These three known parameters are substituted into formula (2), formula (3), and simultaneous calculates the pressure P that compression ends₂With And the initial volume ratio ended with compression of compression

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right)$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right)$

In formula: P is air absolute pressure, V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is empty Gas isentropic index, subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively；

In formula, the measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows:

T:k；

P:Pa；

V: cubic meter；

L:m；

M:kg；

D:m。

(5) determine combustibles 6 size wishing to put into firing device, determine therefrom that piston 2 is complete After inserting cylinder 4, length L of cylinder 4 remaining space inside₂, namely the closing that compression ends is empty Air cavity 5 length；

(6) by initial for the compression volume ratio ended with compressionThe occluded air chamber 5 ended with compression Length L₂Substitution formula (4), calculates occluded air chamber 5 length L that compression process is initial₁；

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

(7) smooth and easy in order to make piston 2 move in cylinder 4, quickly promoting piston 2 compression envelope Before closing air chamber 5, piston 2 is made to be previously inserted cylinder 4 certain depth, this section of cylinder 4 Can be considered guide section, determine guide section length L by formula (5)₀, and away from piston 2 front end L₀Place adopts Take the degree of depth that the modes such as marking mark point out user piston 2 to be previously inserted；

$\frac{1}{3}{L}_1\≤L_0\≤\frac{1}{2}{L}_1---\left(5\right)$

(8) degree of depth L of cylinder 4 inner chamber is determined by formula (6)_p；

L_p=L₁+L₀ (6)

(9) piston 2 stem portion length L is determined by formula (7)_r；

L_r=L_p-L₂ (7)

(10) determine body weight m of typically used as person, and substitute into the compression end of a period pressure having calculated that P₂, the diameter of piston 2, i.e. cylinder 4 internal diameter D is calculated by formula (8).

$P_2-P_1=\frac{mg}{\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\πD}}^2}---\left(8\right)$

In formula: m represents the quality of user, g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P₁For pressure By force.

Occluded air chamber 5 length L that described compression ends₂, less than or equal to 10mm.

Described piston 2 diameter D, more than or equal to 10mm.

The present embodiment uses away from piston 2 front end L₀The mode of place's marking mark 3 points out user to live The degree of depth that plug 2 should be previously inserted.

The principle labor of the present invention is as follows:

The basic thought of the present invention, is to utilize Fast Compression air can make the pressure that its temperature drastically raises Combustion principle, lights the combustibles such as Linesless charcoal that open air is easily obtained, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass as fire Kind, it is achieved function of igniting.

Inspection information is known, the ignition point of the combustibles 6 such as Linesless charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass 300～ In the range of 500 DEG C, therefore take the peak T of ignition temperature_maxIt it is 500 DEG C.

Consider the temperature margin of 20%, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then occluded air chamber 5 compression ends Temperature desired value T₂Reaching 600 DEG C (873K) can be with reliable ignition combustibles 6.

The present invention realizes the mode of Fast Compression air: compress the closing in cylinder 4 with piston 2 Air chamber 5.By aerothermodynami volume, this process can approximate and be considered as isentropic procedure, therefore, Initial and the end of a period state of compression process, following equation establishment:

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right)$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein: formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is Air absolute pressure；V is volume of air；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index； Subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively.

For the present embodiment, it is 1 × 10 that pressure shrinks the ambient atmosphere pressure of beginning⁵Pa, volume are 100%, temperature is 293K, and the temperature that pressure contracting ends is 873K identified above, takes isentropic index It is 1.4.Data above is substituted into formula (2), (3), solves:

V₂=6.5%, P₂=45.7 × 10⁵Pa (absolute pressure).

As long as above-mentioned result of calculation is it is meant that by the 6.5% of air Fast Compression to original volume, Obtain the high temperature of 600 DEG C (873K), it was demonstrated that the reasonability of basic thought of the present invention.

Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, occluded air chamber 5 length L that the present embodiment pressure contracting ends₂For 6.5mm.Owing to occluded air chamber is cylindric, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) becomes Vertical, occluded air chamber 5 length L that compression is initial can be solved₁For 100mm.

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

From formula (4), L₁With L₂It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, firing device should be limited Overall length, therefore the present invention limits occluded air chamber 5 length L that compression ends₂Less than or equal to 10mm.

Smooth and easy in order to make piston 2 move in cylinder 4, empty quickly promoting piston 2 compression to close Before air cavity 5, making piston 2 be previously inserted cylinder 4 certain depth, this section of cylinder 4 is visual For guide section.Guide section length L₀Empirically being determined by formula (5), the present embodiment takes L₀For 50mm, and away from piston 2 front end L₀Marking mark 3 prompting user piston 2 in place's should be previously inserted The degree of depth in cylinder 4 inner chamber.

Degree of depth L of cylinder 4 inner chamber is can determine that by formula (6)_pFor 150mm.

L_p=L₁+L₀ (6)

Piston 2 stem portion length L is can determine that by formula (7)_rFor 143.5mm.

L_r=L_p-L₂ (7)

The firing device that the present invention relates to, needs Fast Compression piston 2 during use, the mode of compression Can be that weight taps or relies on the body weight pressure of user self to press, the present invention be from the convenient angle realized Consider, by relying on the body weight pressure of user self by design.The present embodiment takes the matter of typically used as person Amount m is 60kg, and substitutes into the compression end of a period pressure P having calculated that₂, put down with atmospheric pressure by body weight It is 13mm that relation during weighing apparatus, i.e. formula (8) calculate piston 2 diameter, i.e. cylinder 4 internal diameter D.

$P_2-P_1=\frac{mg}{\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\πD}}^2}---\left(8\right)$

In formula: g is acceleration of gravity, π is pi.

In order to ensure intensity and the processing technology of cylinder 4 of piston 2, the present invention limits piston The diameter D of 2 is more than or equal to 10mm.

By said method disclosed by the invention, i.e. can determine that the main knot of involved firing device Structure parameter, other as the strut stability of material selection, piston 2 check, the barrel of cylinder 3 thick Degree is chosen and strength check etc. is the regular content of structure design, and the present invention is not related to.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, it is clear that Those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification without deviating from the present invention's to the present invention Spirit and scope.So, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong to the claims in the present invention And within the scope of equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.

Claims (10)

1. a compression-ignited firing device, including cylinder (3) and piston (2), it is characterised in that: Piston (2) is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder (3), and cylinder (3) bottom connects base (6), Base (6) is provided with groove, is provided with the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles (8) in this groove.

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Cylinder (3) is tubular structure, and piston (2) is rod-like structure；Described cylinder (3) upper and lower two End is equipped with opening, and opening diameter is consistent with cylinder (3) internal diameter；One end of described piston (2) It is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder (3) from the upper, open end of cylinder (3), inserted cylinder (3) Stem portion, its length is equal to cylinder (3) depth of inner cavity or less than cylinder (3) depth of inner cavity； When piston (2) inserts cylinder (3), and after barrel aperture (4) is crossed in its front end, at cylinder The air chamber (5) closed is formed in body (3)；Piston (2) and cylinder (3) are matched in clearance, Piston (2) can quickly move in the inner chamber of cylinder (3) and compress the air in cylinder (3).

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described Barrel aperture (4) quantity is 2-4.

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Cylinder (3) lower end be hinged with can the base (6) of folding, described cylinder (3) is certain away from lower end The aperture (4) being evenly distributed is had on the barrel of distance；Described cylinder (3) and base (6) Between faying face at, base (6) is embedded with metal material or fire prevention non-metallic material resistance to height Temperature sealing gasket (7).

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The stem portion of piston (2) has annular groove, between piston (2) stem portion has one group etc. Away from annular groove, the scope of open loop connected in star is: assume piston (2) fully-inserted cylinder (3), Barrel aperture (4) until piston (2) corresponding to cylinder (3) lower end stem portion is needs open loop The scope of connected in star.

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Annular groove spacing 3～5mm, annular groove cross sectional shape is V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle.

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The other end of piston (2) is provided with handle (1) convenient to operate；Described combustibles (8) include wood Charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass, Cotton Gossypii, wood flour.

The compression-ignited firing device of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Piston (2) is provided with mark (9), and mark (9) is i.e. that prompting user piston (2) should be in advance It is inserted in the degree of depth in cylinder (3) inner chamber.

9. the method for igniting of a kind of compression-ignited firing device described in utilizing mainly comprises the steps that

Step 1: determine the kind of the firing device combustibles for igniting；

Step 2: determine in the combustibles for igniting, the peak T of ignition temperature_max；

Step 3: Fast Compression air: in order to ensure the reliability ignited, easy for ignite Combustion the highest ignition temperature T of thing_maxOn the basis of, determine and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e. such as formula (1) shown in, with the highest ignition temperature T_maxWith temperature margin Δ T sum, close as firing device The temperature desired value T that air chamber 5 compression ends₂；

T₂=T_max+ΔT (1)；

Step 4: determine ambient temperature when firing device works and ambient atmosphere pressure, and be Temperature T that compression is initial₁With pressure P₁, the temperature desired value T of compression end of a period₂True by formula (1) Fixed, these three known parameters are substituted into formula (2), formula (3), simultaneous calculates the pressure that compression ends Strong P₂And the initial volume ratio ended with compression of compression

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right);$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right);$

In formula: P is air absolute pressure, V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is empty Gas isentropic index, subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively；

In formula, the measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows:

T:k；

P:Pa；

V: cubic meter；

L:m；

M:kg；

D:m；

Step 5: determine the combustibles size wishing to put into firing device, determine therefrom that piston is complete After inserting cylinder, length L of inner barrel remaining space₂, namely the occluded air chamber that compression ends Length；

Step 6: by initial for the compression volume ratio ended with compressionThe occluded air ended with compression Cavity length L₂Substitution formula (4), calculates the occluded air cavity length L that compression process is initial₁；

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

Step 7: smooth and easy in order to make piston move in cylinder, closes quickly promoting piston compression Before air chamber, making piston be previously inserted cylinder certain depth, this section of cylinder can be considered guiding Section, determines guide section length L by formula (5)₀, and away from piston nose L₀Place takes to mark mark etc. Mode points out the degree of depth that user piston should be previously inserted；

$\frac{1}{3}{L}_1\≤L_0\≤\frac{1}{2}{L}_1---\left(5\right);$

Step 8: determine degree of depth L of cylinder lumen by formula (6)_p；

L_p=L₁+L₀(6)；

Step 9: determine piston rod shape partial-length L by formula (7)_r；

L_r=L_p-L₂(7)；

Step 10: determine body weight m of typically used as person, and substitute into the compression end of a period pressure having calculated that Strong P₂, the diameter of piston, i.e. cylinder internal diameter D is calculated by formula (8)；

$P_2-P_1=\frac{mg}{\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\πD}}^2}---\left(8\right);$

In formula: m represents the quality of user, g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P₁For pressure By force；

The occluded air cavity length L that described compression ends₂, less than or equal to 10mm；

Described piston diameter D, more than or equal to 10mm；

Use away from piston nose L₀The mode of place's marking mark points out user piston to be previously inserted The degree of depth.

The method of igniting of a kind of compression-ignited firing device the most according to claim 9, it is special Levy and be: in described step 2, determine that the ignition point of combustibles for igniting is at 300～500 DEG C of models In enclosing, therefore take the peak T of ignition temperature_maxIt it is 500 DEG C；

Consider the temperature margin of 20%, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then the temperature that the compression of occluded air chamber ends Degree desired value T₂Reaching 600 DEG C (873K) can be with reliable ignition combustibles；

The implementation of described Fast Compression air is: with the occluded air chamber in piston compression cylinder body； By aerothermodynami volume, this process can approximate and be considered as isentropic procedure, therefore, and compression process Initiateing and end of a period state, following equation is set up:

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{T_2}---\left(2\right)$

$\frac{P_1}{{T_1}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}=\frac{P_2}{{T_2}^{\frac{k}{k-1}}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein: formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is Air absolute pressure；V is volume of air；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index； Subscript 1,2 represents the initial of compression process and end of a period state respectively；

For the present embodiment, it is 1 × 10 that pressure shrinks the ambient atmosphere pressure of beginning⁵Pa, volume are 100%, temperature is 293K, and the temperature that pressure contracting ends is 873K identified above, takes isentropic index It is 1.4, data above is substituted into formula (2), (3), solves:

V₂=6.5%, P₂=45.7 × 10⁵Pa (absolute pressure)；

As long as above-mentioned result of calculation is it is meant that by the 6.5% of air Fast Compression to original volume, Obtain the high temperature of 600 DEG C (873K)；

Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, the occluded air cavity length L that pressure contracting ends₂For 6.5mm；By Being cylindric in occluded air chamber, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) is set up, and can solve The occluded air cavity length L that compression is initial₁For 100mm；

$\frac{L_1}{L_2}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}---\left(4\right)$

From formula (4), L₁With L₂It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, firing device should be limited Overall length, therefore the present invention limits the occluded air cavity length L that compression ends₂Less than or equal to 10mm；

In order to make piston in cylinder mobile smooth and easy, quickly promote piston compression occluded air chamber it Before, make piston be previously inserted cylinder 4 certain depth, this section of cylinder can be considered guide section；Lead To segment length L₀Empirically being determined by formula (5), the present embodiment takes L₀For 50mm, and away from Piston nose L₀It is deep that marking mark prompting user piston in place's should be previously inserted in cylinder lumen Degree；

Degree of depth L of cylinder lumen is can determine that by formula (6)_pFor 150mm；

L_p=L₁+L₀(6)；

Piston rod shape partial-length L is can determine that by formula (7)_rFor 143.5mm；

L_r=L_p-L₂(7)；

Described Fast Compression air needs Fast Compression piston, the mode of compression can be weight tap or The body weight pressure relying on user self is pressed.