CN105953263B - A kind of compression-ignited firing device and its method - Google Patents
A kind of compression-ignited firing device and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105953263B CN105953263B CN201610485350.0A CN201610485350A CN105953263B CN 105953263 B CN105953263 B CN 105953263B CN 201610485350 A CN201610485350 A CN 201610485350A CN 105953263 B CN105953263 B CN 105953263B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/02—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs for igniting solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/14—Portable igniters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/22—Details
Abstract
Firing device technical field in terms of the invention belongs to Machine Design, more particularly to a kind of compression-ignited firing device and its method.The present invention includes cylinder and piston；Piston is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder, and cylinder body bottom is connected with base, and base is provided with groove, the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles is provided with the groove.The present invention can make its temperature drastically elevated compression-ignition principle using Fast Compression air, light the combustibles such as the outdoor charcoal being easily obtained, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass as kindling material, realize function of igniting.The present invention is simple and practical, and suitable for the detailed design of compression-ignited firing device, and practicality is stronger.
Description
Technical field
Firing device technical field in terms of the invention belongs to Machine Design, more particularly to a kind of compression-ignited firing device and
Its method.
Background technology
Human lives be unable to do without fire, and numerous method and apparatus are generated around the problem of igniting, such as public affairs on April 24th, 2013
Publication No. disclosed in the Publication No. 103062791A opened patent of invention " gas lighter " and September in 2014 17 days
104048317A patent of invention " electric-arc lighter " etc..Although above-mentioned published method and apparatus of igniting are convenient, practical,
The problem of in the presence of needing to consume the auxiliary fire-lighter such as flint, battery, gasoline, liquefied gas, if above-mentioned auxiliary fire-lighter exhausts, no
It can ignite again.In normal circumstances, because the firing devices such as lighter are easy to buy, supplement, this problem does not protrude；If but in
When tourism, exploration, this problem is faced at desolate and uninhabited place, then is difficult to overcome.
Therefore, Publication No. CN104566453A disclosed in 29 days April in 2015, Application No. 201410710846.4
Application for a patent for invention " a kind of lighter used for field survivorship " disclose it is a kind of need not can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter beat
Lighter.The patent application, closed by two one end, caliber small one and large one, the pvc pipe that is nested together, compress Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe
Interior air, raise its temperature, ignite combustibles.As shown in figure 1, Fig. 1 is prior art construction schematic diagram, i.e. piston is in
Just start the position view of compression closing chamber air.
Although the patent application have it is simple in construction, need not can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter the advantages of.But the public affairs of this application
Open file illustrate only basic ideas and structure, it is not specified that design, the computational methods of such a firing device, be not easy to this area
Technical staff carries out the detailed design work of product.There is also problems with for this application simultaneously：
1) combustibles for being positioned over pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe end easily come off；
2) pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe is extracted out to inconvenience from Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe, because blind end produces negative pressure when extracting out, hindered
The extraction of pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe；
3) it is easily flame-out when pipe with small pipe diameter pvc pipe is extracted out from Large Diameter Pipeline pvc pipe, because blind end produces negative pressure when extracting out,
Rarefaction of air, it is unfavorable for burning.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of compression-ignited firing device and its method.Mesh
Be to provide it is a kind of have it is simple in construction, be easy to carry, need not can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter, and simple to operate, user
The firing device and the design and calculation method suitable for compression-ignited firing device used when just, suitable for travelling, exploring.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of compression-ignited firing device, including cylinder and piston；Piston is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder, and cylinder body bottom connects
Base is connected to, base is provided with groove, the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles is provided with the groove.
The cylinder is tubular structure, and piston is rod-like structure；The cylinder upper/lower terminal is equipped with opening, and opening is straight
Footpath is consistent with cylinder internal diameter；One end of the piston is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder from the upper, open end of cylinder, is inserted
The stem portion of cylinder, its length are equal to cylinder lumen depth or less than cylinder lumen depth；When piston inserts cylinder, and
After barrel aperture is crossed in its front end, the air chamber of closing is formed in cylinder；Piston coordinates with cylinder for gap, and piston can be in cylinder
Air in the inner chamber of body in quick mobile and compression cylinder body.
The small hole number of barrel is 2-4.
The cylinder lower end is hinged with retractable base, and the cylinder is provided with edge on the barrel away from lower end certain distance
Circumferential uniform aperture；It is nonmetallic embedded with metal material or fire prevention on base at faying face between the cylinder and base
The refractory seals pad of material.
The stem portion of the piston is provided with annular groove, and piston rod shape part is provided with one group of equidistant annular groove,
The scope of open loop connected in star is：Assuming that by the fully-inserted cylinder of piston, barrel aperture is until piston rod shape corresponding to cylinder lower end
Part is the scope for needing open loop connected in star.
3~5mm of the annular groove spacing, annular groove cross sectional shape are V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle.
The other end of the piston is provided with handle easy to operation；The combustibles include charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, it is fluffy grass,
Cotton, wood chip.
The piston is provided with mark, and mark is that prompting user's piston should be previously inserted the depth in cylinder lumen
Degree.
Mainly included the following steps that using a kind of method of igniting of described compression-ignited firing device：
Step 1：Determine firing device for the species for the combustibles ignited；
Step 2：It is determined that in the combustibles ignited, the peak T of ignition temperaturemax；
Step 3：Fast Compression air：In order to ensure the reliability ignited, in the combustibles highest burning-point temperature for igniting
Spend TmaxOn the basis of, it is determined that and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e., as shown in formula (1), with highest ignition temperature TmaxWith temperature
Margin Δ T sums, the temperature desired value T ended as the compression of firing device occluded air chamber 52；
T2=Tmax+ΔT (1)；
Step 4：Determine the environment temperature and ambient atmosphere pressure when firing device works, and the temperature using it as compression starting
T1With pressure P1, compress the temperature desired value T of end of a period2Determined via formula (1), this three known parameters are substituted into formula (2), formula
(3), simultaneous calculates the pressure P that compression ends2And the volume ratio that compression starting ends with compression
In formula：P is air absolute pressure, and V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is air isentropic index, under
Mark 1,2 represents starting and the end of a period state of compression process respectively；
The measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows in formula：
T：k；
P:Pa；
V:Cubic meter；
L：m；
M:kg；
D:m；
Step 5：It is determined that wish to be put into the combustibles size of firing device, after determining therefrom that the fully-inserted cylinder of piston, cylinder
The length L of body remaining space inside2, namely the occluded air cavity length that compression ends；
Step 6：The volume ratio of starting and compression end of a period will be compressedThe occluded air cavity length L ended with compression2Substitute into
Formula (4), calculate the occluded air cavity length L of compression process starting1；
Step 7：In order that piston movement in cylinder is smooth, before piston compression occluded air chamber is quickly promoted, make
Piston is previously inserted cylinder certain depth, and this section of cylinder can be considered guide section, determines to be oriented to segment length L by formula (5)0, and
Away from piston nose L0Take the depth that the modes such as marking mark prompt user's piston to be previously inserted in place；
Step 8：The depth L of cylinder lumen is determined by formula (6)p；
Lp=L1+L0(6)；
Step 9：Piston rod shape partial-length L is determined by formula (7)r；
Lr=Lp-L2(7)；
Step 10：The body weight m of typically used as person is determined, and substitutes into the compression end of a period pressure P having calculated that2, based on formula (8)
Calculate the diameter of piston, i.e. cylinder internal diameter D；
In formula：M represents the quality of user, and g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P1For pressure；
The occluded air cavity length L that the compression ends2, less than or equal to 10mm；
The piston diameter D, more than or equal to 10mm；
Using away from piston nose L0The mode of place's marking mark prompts the depth that user's piston should be previously inserted.
In the step 2, it is determined that for the ignition point of combustibles ignited in the range of 300~500 DEG C, therefore take burning-point temperature
The peak T of degreemaxFor 500 DEG C；Consider 20% temperature margin, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then the temperature that the compression of occluded air chamber ends
Spend desired value T2Reaching 600 DEG C (873K) can be with reliable ignition combustibles；The implementation of the Fast Compression air is：With work
Fill in the occluded air chamber in compression cylinder body；By aerothermodynami volume, this process can approximation be considered as isentropic procedure, therefore, pressure
The starting of compression process and end of a period state, following equation are set up：
Wherein：Formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is air absolute pressure；V is
Volume of air；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index；Subscript 1,2 represents starting and the end of compression process respectively
State；
For the present embodiment, the ambient atmosphere pressure that pressure shrinks the beginning is 1 × 105Pa, volume 100%, temperature are
293K, pressure contracting end temperature be 873K identified above, take isentropic index be 1.4, by data above substitution formula (2),
(3), solve：
V2=6.5%, P2=45.7 × 105Pa (absolute pressure)；
If above-mentioned result of calculation it is meant that by air Fast Compression to original volume 6.5%, you can obtain 600 DEG C
The high temperature of (873K)；
Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, the occluded air cavity length L of pressure contracting end of a period2For 6.5mm；Because occluded air chamber is
Cylindric, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) is set up, and can solve the occluded air cavity length L of compression starting1For
100mm；
From formula (4), L1With L2It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, the overall length of firing device should be limited, therefore the present invention limits
The occluded air cavity length L that system compression ends2Less than or equal to 10mm；
In order that piston movement in cylinder is smooth, before piston compression occluded air chamber is quickly promoted, make piston pre-
The certain depth of cylinder 4 is first inserted, this section of cylinder can be considered guide section；It is oriented to segment length L0It is by formula (5) determination empirically
Can, the present embodiment takes L0For 50mm, and away from piston nose L0Marking mark prompting user's piston in place's should be previously inserted in cylinder
Depth in inner chamber；
The depth L of cylinder lumen is can determine that by formula (6)pFor 150mm；
Lp=L1+L0(6)；
Piston rod shape partial-length L is can determine that by formula (7)rFor 143.5mm；
Lr=Lp-L2(7)；
The Fast Compression air needs Fast Compression piston, and the mode of compression can be that weight taps or relied on user certainly
The body weight pressure of body is pressed.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect are：
The present invention can make its temperature drastically elevated compression-ignition principle using Fast Compression air, realize function of igniting, and have
Have it is simple in construction, be easy to carry, it is easy to use and without flint, battery, fuel etc. can expendable auxiliary fire-lighter the advantages of, fit
Used when tourism, exploration.
The present invention can make its temperature drastically elevated compression-ignition principle using Fast Compression air, light what open air was easily obtained
The combustibles such as charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass realize function of igniting as kindling material.The present invention is simple and practical, suitable for compression-ignited
The detailed design of firing device, and practicality is stronger.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention (piston is in the position for just starting to compress closing chamber air)；
Fig. 3 is the view of the fully-inserted cylinder of piston in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the right view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the front view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the left view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：Handle 1, piston 2, cylinder 3, aperture 4, air chamber 5, base 6, sealing gasket 7, combustibles 8, mark 9.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The present invention is a kind of compression-ignited firing device and its method, and below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is preferable to carry out
Example is described in detail：It should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is of the invention only for explanation, the protection being not intended to be limiting of the invention
Scope.
A kind of compression-ignited firing device of the present invention is mainly made up of tubular barrel 3 and bar-shaped piston 2, one end of piston 2 from
The upper, open end of cylinder 3 is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder 3, and the other end of piston 2 is provided with handle 1；The bottom of cylinder 3 is connected with
Base 6, at the faying face between cylinder 3 and base 6, refractory seals pad 7 is embedded with base 6, the sealing gasket 7 selects metal
Material or fireproof non-metallic material.
Its middle cylinder body 3 is tubular structure, and piston 2 is rod-like structure.The upper/lower terminal of cylinder 3 is open, opening diameter
Consistent with the internal diameter of cylinder 3, the lower end of cylinder 3 is hinged with retractable base 6, and base 6 is provided with groove, had in the groove
The cavity volume of combustibles 8 can be accommodated.The cylinder 3 is provided with the aperture 4 being evenly distributed, institute on the barrel away from lower end certain distance
The quantity of barrel aperture 4 is stated as 2-4.Described combustibles 8 include：Charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass, cotton, wood chip etc..
The piston 2, its stem portion are provided with one group of equidistant annular groove, the stem of piston 2 within the specific limits
The scope for separating annular groove determines as follows：Assuming that by the fully-inserted cylinder 3 of piston 2, barrel aperture 4 is until cylinder 3
The stem portion of piston 2 corresponding to lower end is to need the scope of open loop connected in star.3~5mm of the annular groove spacing, annular groove
Cross sectional shape is the shapes easy to process such as V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle.
One end of the piston 2 is inserted in the inner chamber body of cylinder 3 from the upper, open end of cylinder 3, inserts cylinder 3
Stem portion, its length are equal to the depth of inner cavity of cylinder 3 or less than the depth of inner cavities of cylinder 3.When piston 2 inserts cylinder 3, and its
After barrel aperture 4 is crossed in front end, the air chamber 5 of closing is formed in cylinder 3.
Described piston 2 is provided with mark 9, and mark 9 is that prompting user piston 2 should be previously inserted in the inner chamber of cylinder 3
In depth.The other end of piston 2 is additionally provided with handle 1 easy to operation, and piston 2 and cylinder 3 are gap cooperation, and piston 2 can be
Quickly moved in the inner chamber of cylinder 3 and compress the air in cylinder 3.
Embodiment 2：
The major parts such as the piston 2 of this preferred embodiment, cylinder 3, base 6, material selection intensity is high, thermal conductivity factor is relatively low
Stainless steel, on the premise of structural strength is ensured, reduce device heat conducting and radiating to the adverse effect brought of igniting.
The piston 2, cylinder 3 of this preferred embodiment, select the larger H11/c11 in gap to coordinate, ensure larger in sand and dust
Outdoor environment piston 2 can be moved flexibly.
The principle Analysis of the present invention is as follows：
The basic thought of the present invention, is that can make its temperature drastically elevated compression-ignition principle using Fast Compression air, lights
The combustibles such as charcoal that open air is easily obtained, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass as kindling material, ignite function by realization.
This preferred embodiment realizes that the mode of Fast Compression air is：The occluded air chamber 5 in cylinder 3 is compressed with piston 2.
The end of piston 2 is provided with handle 1, in order to operate.In order to prevent piston 2 from excessively going deep into extruding combustibles 8 in cylinder 3, piston 2 can
The stem portion of cylinder 3 is inserted, its length should be not more than the depth of inner cavity of cylinder 3.
For the ease of the placement and taking-up of combustibles 8, this preferred embodiment has been hinged retractable base in the lower end of cylinder 3
6, the cavity volume that can accommodate combustibles 8 is also provided with base 6.When base 6 is opened, it is convenient to combustibles 8 are placed in its cavity volume
Or take out the combustibles 8 lighted.Refractory seals pad 7 is also embedded with the position that base 6 is bonded with the lower end of cylinder 3, ensures bottom
Sealing when seat 6 closes between cylinder 3 and base 6.
Problems with will influence the effect of igniting of this preferred embodiment：
(1) in order to ensure flexibly move in the larger outdoor environment piston 2 of sand and dust, piston 2, cylinder 3 have been selected larger
Fit clearance, when thus bringing compressed air, pressure-air from gap seepage the problem of；
(2) part such as cylinder 3, piston 2, base 6 contacts with compressed air, and it is empty that its heat conducting and radiating effect will reduce compression
The temperature of gas.
For gap leakage problems, this preferred embodiment is provided with the certain limit of the stem portion of piston 2 between one group etc.
Away from annular groove, flow losses during compressed air seepage is converted into multiple linear loss and office by single linear loss
The combination of portion's loss, the seepage resistance of compressed air is remarkably improved, reduces air leakage.In order to ensure sealing, annular
The distance of groove is 4mm.The cross sectional shape of annular groove can be the shapes easy to process such as V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle.
Another advantage of open loop connected in star is that the annular groove actually also plays the effect of balancing slit on piston 2,
Make the pressure at the fluting of piston 2 circumferentially identical, reduce the side force of piston 2 and cylinder 3, so as to reduce when piston 2 moves
Frictional resistance.Correlative study result shows that opening three balancing slits can make side force reduce to less than 24%, and opening seven can reduce to
2.7% or so.
In order that the movement in cylinder 3 of piston 2 is smooth, before quickly promoting piston 2 to compress occluded air chamber 5, should make
Piston 2 is previously inserted the certain depth of cylinder 3, and this section of cylinder 3 can be considered guide section.On quickly promoting piston 2 to compress
Before occluded air chamber 5, how to judge whether piston 2 has reached the sufficiently long correct position of guarantee guide section, Ke Yiyou
A variety of methods, such as on the piston 2 scribe position mark, on piston 2 or cylinder 3 set stress can retraction positioning devices.
Present invention employs a kind of structure is simpler, more easily method is used：The aperture being evenly distributed is opened on the barrel of cylinder 3
4.Barrel aperture 4, which is evenly distributed, can ensure the uniform force of piston 2；Consider from processing technology, 3 apertures are more suitable.
The cylinder 3 of barrel aperture more than 4 is guide section, is then the part of occluded air below.In use, first by base 6
Closure, cylinder 3 is inserted by piston 2.When not crossing barrel aperture 4 in the front end of piston 2, the air in cylinder 3 is by the row of barrel aperture 4
Go out, piston 2 can be moved smoothly；When barrel aperture 4 is crossed in the front end of piston 2, due to the shape of the occluded air chamber 5 in cylinder 3
Into the resistance that piston 2 moves substantially increases, and user is that may know that piston 2 has reached to ensure to be oriented to the suitable of segment length
Position.
Using a kind of compression-ignited firing device ignite and specifically include the following course of work：
The first step：Base 6 is opened, the combustibles 8 such as charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass are placed in its cavity volume；
Second step：Closed base 6, the base 6 of cylinder 3 is vertically placed on ground down, stabilized it；
3rd step：Piston 2 is inserted into cylinder 3 to its front end and barrel aperture 4 and essentially coincides position, now, even if not
Piston 2 is held, because the occluded air chamber 5 in cylinder 3 has been formed, piston 2 is by static or slow decline；
4th step：Fiercely tapped downwards with weights such as iron hammer, stones or push down on quick-moving speed 1, the handle of piston 2
Position, piston 2 is set to insert as far as possible soon, as far as possible in cylinder 3, so that the temperature in the occluded air chamber 5 of cylinder 3 carries as far as possible
It is high；
5th step：Base 6 is opened, checks whether combustibles 8 have been ignited；
6th step：Repeat step three is to step 5, until combustibles are ignited.
Embodiment 3：
Mainly included the following steps that using a kind of method of igniting of described compression-ignited firing device：
(1) determine firing device for the species for the combustibles ignited；
(2) consulting literatures data or by experiment, it is determined that in the combustibles 6 ignited, the peak of ignition temperature
Tmax；
(3) Fast Compression air：In order to ensure the reliability ignited, in the highest ignition temperature of combustibles 6 for igniting
TmaxOn the basis of, it is determined that and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e., as shown in formula (1), with highest ignition temperature TmaxIt is abundant with temperature
Δ T sums are spent, the temperature desired value T ended as the compression of firing device occluded air chamber 52；
T2=Tmax+ΔT (1)
(4) environment temperature and ambient atmosphere pressure when firing device works, and the temperature T using it as compression starting are determined1
With pressure P1, compress the temperature desired value T of end of a period2Determined via formula (1), this three known parameters are substituted into formula (2), formula
(3), simultaneous calculates the pressure P that compression ends2And the volume ratio that compression starting ends with compression
In formula：P is air absolute pressure, and V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is air isentropic index, under
Mark 1,2 represents starting and the end of a period state of compression process respectively；
The measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows in formula：
T：k；
P:Pa；
V:Cubic meter；
L：m；
M:kg；
D:m。
(5) determine to wish to be put into the size of combustibles 6 of firing device, after determining therefrom that the fully-inserted cylinder 4 of piston 2, cylinder
The length L of the remaining space inside of body 42, namely the length of occluded air chamber 5 that compression ends；
(6) volume ratio of starting and compression end of a period will be compressedThe length L of occluded air chamber 5 ended with compression2Substitution formula
(4) the length L of occluded air chamber 5 of compression process starting, is calculated1；
(7) in order that the movement in cylinder 4 of piston 2 is smooth, before quickly promoting piston 2 to compress occluded air chamber 5, make
Piston 2 is previously inserted the certain depth of cylinder 4, and this section of cylinder 4 can be considered guide section, determines to be oriented to segment length L by formula (5)0,
And away from the front end L of piston 20Take the depth that the modes such as marking mark prompt user's piston 2 to be previously inserted in place；
(8) the depth L of the inner chamber of cylinder 4 is determined by formula (6)p；
Lp=L1+L0 (6)
(9) the stem portion length L of piston 2 is determined by formula (7)r；
Lr=Lp-L2 (7)
(10) the body weight m of typically used as person is determined, and substitutes into the compression end of a period pressure P having calculated that2, calculated by formula (8)
The diameter of piston 2, i.e. the internal diameter D of cylinder 4.
In formula：M represents the quality of user, and g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P1For pressure.
The length L of occluded air chamber 5 that the compression ends2, less than or equal to 10mm.
The diameter D of piston 2, more than or equal to 10mm.
The present embodiment is used away from the front end L of piston 20The mode of place's marking mark 3 prompts user's piston 2 to be previously inserted
Depth.
The principle labor of the present invention is as follows：
The basic thought of the present invention, is that can make its temperature drastically elevated compression-ignition principle using Fast Compression air, lights
The combustibles such as charcoal that open air is easily obtained, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass as kindling material, ignite function by realization.
Inspection information knows, the ignition point of the combustibles 6 such as charcoal, paper scrap, cotton, fluffy grass in the range of 300~500 DEG C, therefore
Take the peak T of ignition temperaturemaxFor 500 DEG C.
Consider 20% temperature margin, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then the temperature desired value T that the compression of occluded air chamber 5 ends2Reach
Can be with reliable ignition combustibles 6 to 600 DEG C (873K).
The present invention realizes that the mode of Fast Compression air is：The occluded air chamber 5 in cylinder 4 is compressed with piston 2.By gas
Thermodynamic principles know, this process can approximation be considered as isentropic procedure, therefore, the starting of compression process and end of a period state, following equation
Set up：
Wherein：Formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is air absolute pressure；V is
Volume of air；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index；Subscript 1,2 represents starting and the end of compression process respectively
State.
For the present embodiment, the ambient atmosphere pressure that pressure shrinks the beginning is 1 × 105Pa, volume 100%, temperature are
293K, the temperature that pressure contracting ends is 873K identified above, and it is 1.4 to take isentropic index.By data above substitute into formula (2),
(3), solve：
V2=6.5%, P2=45.7 × 105Pa (absolute pressure).
If above-mentioned result of calculation it is meant that by air Fast Compression to original volume 6.5%, you can obtain 600 DEG C
The high temperature of (873K), it was demonstrated that the reasonability of basic thought of the present invention.
Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, the length L of occluded air chamber 5 of the present embodiment pressure contracting end of a period2For 6.5mm.Due to envelope
Air chamber is closed to be cylindric, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) is set up, and the occluded air chamber 5 that can solve compression starting is grown
Spend L1For 100mm.
From formula (4), L1With L2It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, the overall length of firing device should be limited, therefore the present invention limits
The length L of occluded air chamber 5 that system compression ends2Less than or equal to 10mm.
In order that the movement in cylinder 4 of piston 2 is smooth, before quickly promoting piston 2 to compress occluded air chamber 5, make work
Plug 2 is previously inserted the certain depth of cylinder 4, and this section of cylinder 4 can be considered guide section.It is oriented to segment length L0Empirically by formula (5)
It is determined that the present embodiment takes L0For 50mm, and away from the front end L of piston 20The prompting user piston 2 of place's marking mark 3 should be advance
The depth being inserted in the inner chamber of cylinder 4.
The depth L of the inner chamber of cylinder 4 is can determine that by formula (6)pFor 150mm.
Lp=L1+L0 (6)
The stem portion length L of piston 2 is can determine that by formula (7)rFor 143.5mm.
Lr=Lp-L2 (7)
Firing device of the present invention, needs Fast Compression piston 2 during use, the mode of compression can be weight tap or
Pressed by the body weight pressure of user itself, the present invention is from the point of view of convenient realize, by the body weight pressure by user itself
By design.It is 60kg that the present embodiment, which takes the quality m of typically used as person, and substitutes into the compression end of a period pressure P having calculated that2, by body
Relation when weight balances with atmospheric pressure, i.e. formula (8) calculate the diameter of piston 2, i.e. the internal diameter D of cylinder 4 is 13mm.
In formula：G is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi.
In order to ensure the processing technology of the intensity of piston 2 and cylinder 4, the diameter D of present invention limitation piston 2 is more than etc.
In 10mm.
Pass through the above method disclosed by the invention, you can it is determined that the main structure parameters of involved firing device, other
The strut stability of such as material selection, piston 2 is checked, the wall thickness of cylinder 3 is chosen and strength check is structure design
Regular content, the present invention be not related to.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, it is clear that those skilled in the art
Member can carry out various changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to the present invention.So, if the present invention
These modifications and variations belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to include these
Including change and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of compression-ignited firing device, including cylinder (3) and piston (2), it is characterised in that：Piston (2) is inserted in cylinder (3)
Inner chamber body in, cylinder (3) bottom is connected with base (6), and base (6) is provided with groove, be provided with the groove can accommodate it is inflammable
The cavity volume of thing (8)；
The cylinder (3) is tubular structure, and piston (2) is rod-like structure；Cylinder (3) upper/lower terminal is equipped with opening, opens
Mouth diameter is consistent with cylinder (3) internal diameter；One end of the piston (2) is inserted in cylinder (3) from the upper, open end of cylinder (3)
In inner chamber body, the stem portion of cylinder (3) is inserted, its length is equal to cylinder (3) depth of inner cavity or deep less than cylinder (3) inner chamber
Degree；When piston (2) inserts cylinder (3), and after small holes (4) are got in its front end, the air chamber of closing is formed in cylinder (3)
(5)；Piston (2) coordinates with cylinder (3) for gap, and piston (2) can quickly move in the inner chamber of cylinder (3) and compress cylinder
(3) air in；
Aperture (4) quantity is 2-4；
Cylinder (3) lower end is hinged with retractable base (6), and the cylinder (3) is on the barrel away from lower end certain distance
It is provided with the aperture (4) being evenly distributed；At faying face between the cylinder (3) and base (6), embedded with gold on base (6)
Belong to the refractory seals pad (7) of material or non-metallic material of preventing fires；
The stem portion of the piston (2) is provided with annular groove, and it is recessed that piston (2) stem portion is provided with one group of equidistant annular
Groove, the scope of open loop connected in star are：Assuming that by piston (2) fully-inserted cylinder (3), aperture (4) is until cylinder (3) lower end is corresponding
Piston (2) stem portion be to need the scope of open loop connected in star；
3~5mm of the annular groove spacing, annular groove cross sectional shape are V-arrangement, rectangle or semicircle；
The other end of the piston (2) is provided with handle (1) easy to operation；The combustibles (8) include charcoal, paper scrap, cotton,
Fluffy grass, cotton, wood chip.
2. a kind of compression-ignited firing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The piston (2) is provided with mark
(9), mark (9) is that prompting user's piston (2) should be previously inserted the depth in cylinder (3) inner chamber.
3. a kind of method of igniting of compression-ignited firing device using preceding claims 1, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Determine firing device for the species for the combustibles ignited；
Step 2：It is determined that in the combustibles ignited, the peak T of ignition temperaturemax；
Step 3：Fast Compression air：In order to ensure the reliability ignited, in the combustibles highest ignition temperature T for ignitingmax
On the basis of, it is determined that and increase certain temperature margin Δ T, i.e., as shown in formula (1), with highest ignition temperature TmaxWith temperature margin
Δ T sums, the temperature desired value T ended as the compression of firing device occluded air chamber 52；
T2=Tmax+ΔT (1)；
Step 4：Determine the environment temperature and ambient atmosphere pressure when firing device works, and the temperature T using it as compression starting1With
Pressure P1, compress the temperature desired value T of end of a period2Determined via formula (1), this three known parameters substituted into formula (2), formula (3),
Simultaneous calculates the pressure P that compression ends2And the volume ratio that compression starting ends with compression
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
In formula：P is air absolute pressure, and V is volume of air, and T is aerothermodynamics temperature, and k is air isentropic index, subscript 1,
2 represent starting and the end of a period state of compression process respectively；
The measurement unit of each numerical value is as follows in formula：
T：k；
P:Pa；
V:Cubic meter；
L：m；
M:kg；
D:m；
Step 5：It is determined that wish to be put into the combustibles size of firing device, after determining therefrom that the fully-inserted cylinder of piston, in cylinder
The length L of portion's remaining space2, namely the occluded air cavity length that compression ends；
Step 6：The volume ratio of starting and compression end of a period will be compressedThe occluded air cavity length L ended with compression2Substitution formula
(4) the occluded air cavity length L of compression process starting, is calculated1；
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Step 7：In order that piston movement in cylinder is smooth, before piston compression occluded air chamber is quickly promoted, make piston
Cylinder certain depth is previously inserted, this section of cylinder can be considered guide section, determine to be oriented to segment length L by formula (5)0, and away from
Piston nose L0The depth that the mode that place takes marking to identify prompts user's piston to be previously inserted；
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>3</mn>
</mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>5</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Step 8：The depth L of cylinder lumen is determined by formula (6)p；
Lp=L1+L0(6)；
Step 9：Piston rod shape partial-length L is determined by formula (7)r；
Lr=Lp-L2(7)；
Step 10：The body weight m of typically used as person is determined, and substitutes into the compression end of a period pressure P having calculated that2, calculate and live by formula (8)
The diameter of plug, i.e. cylinder internal diameter D；
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>4</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>&pi;D</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>8</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
In formula：M represents the quality of user, and g is acceleration of gravity, and π is pi, P1For pressure；
The occluded air cavity length L that the compression ends2, less than or equal to 10mm；
The piston diameter D, more than or equal to 10mm；
Using away from piston nose L0The mode of place's marking mark prompts the depth that user's piston should be previously inserted.
4. method according to claim 3 of igniting, it is characterized in that：In the step 2, it is determined that for the combustibles ignited
Ignition point takes the peak T of ignition temperature in the range of 300~500 DEG CmaxFor 500 DEG C；
Consider 20% temperature margin, i.e. Δ T is 100 DEG C, then the temperature desired value T that the compression of occluded air chamber ends2Reach 600
DEG C (873K) can be with reliable ignition combustibles；
The implementation of the Fast Compression air is：With the occluded air chamber in piston compression cylinder body；It is former by aerothermodynami
Reason knows, this process can approximation be considered as isentropic procedure, therefore, the starting of compression process and end of a period state, following equation are set up：
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein：Formula (2) is The Ideal-Gas Equation；Formula (3) is isentropic procedure equation；P is air absolute pressure；V is air
Volume；T is aerothermodynamics temperature；K is air isentropic index；Subscript 1,2 represents starting and the end of a period shape of compression process respectively
State；
For the present embodiment, the ambient atmosphere pressure that pressure shrinks the beginning is 1 × 105Pa, volume 100%, temperature 293K, take
The temperature that compression ends is 873K identified above, and it is 1.4 to take isentropic index, and data above is substituted into formula (2), (3), solved：
V2=6.5%, P2=45.7 × 105Pa (absolute pressure)；
If above-mentioned result of calculation it is meant that by air Fast Compression to original volume 6.5%, you can obtain 600 DEG C (873K)
High temperature；
Based on above-mentioned result of calculation, the occluded air cavity length L of pressure contracting end of a period2For 6.5mm；Because occluded air chamber is cylinder
Shape, its volume is directly proportional to length, therefore formula (4) is set up, and can solve the occluded air cavity length L of compression starting1For 100mm；
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
From formula (4), L1With L2It is directly proportional, in order to easy to use, the overall length of firing device should be limited, therefore present invention limitation is pressed
Contract the occluded air cavity length L ended2Less than or equal to 10mm；
In order that piston movement in cylinder is smooth, before piston compression occluded air chamber is quickly promoted, piston is set to insert in advance
Enter the certain depth of cylinder 4, this section of cylinder can be considered guide section；It is oriented to segment length L0Empirically determined by formula (5), this
Embodiment takes L0For 50mm, and away from piston nose L0Marking mark prompting user's piston in place's should be previously inserted in cylinder lumen
In depth；
The depth L of cylinder lumen is can determine that by formula (6)pFor 150mm；
Lp=L1+L0(6)；
Piston rod shape partial-length L is can determine that by formula (7)rFor 143.5mm；
Lr=Lp-L2(7)；
The Fast Compression air needs Fast Compression piston, and the mode of compression can be that weight taps or by user's itself
Body weight pressure is pressed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3150078U (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2009-04-30 | 澄男 一柳 | Experimental pressure generator |
| CN201853394U (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-06-01 | 邹佳洋 | Compressed air fire catcher |
| CN202512780U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-10-31 | 刘小兵 | Air compression igniter |
| CN202601035U (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-12-12 | 李绍聪 | Novel air compression ignition instrument |
| CN202939874U (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-05-15 | 葛成浩 | Laborsaving air compression ignition instrument |
| CN104566453A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Lighter for field survival |
| CN205746967U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-30 | 李佳琚 | A kind of compression-ignited firing device |
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- 2016-06-24 CN CN201610485350.0A patent/CN105953263B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3150078U (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2009-04-30 | 澄男 一柳 | Experimental pressure generator |
| CN201853394U (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-06-01 | 邹佳洋 | Compressed air fire catcher |
| CN202512780U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-10-31 | 刘小兵 | Air compression igniter |
| CN202601035U (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-12-12 | 李绍聪 | Novel air compression ignition instrument |
| CN202939874U (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-05-15 | 葛成浩 | Laborsaving air compression ignition instrument |
| CN104566453A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Lighter for field survival |
| CN205746967U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-30 | 李佳琚 | A kind of compression-ignited firing device |
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