CN105951691A - Reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure and method - Google Patents
Reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105951691A CN105951691A CN201610464353.6A CN201610464353A CN105951691A CN 105951691 A CN105951691 A CN 105951691A CN 201610464353 A CN201610464353 A CN 201610464353A CN 105951691 A CN105951691 A CN 105951691A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure and a method. The reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure comprises a reservoir dam, and a dam upstream main stream and a dam downstream main stream that are connected with the reservoir dam; dam downstream branches are arranged at the dam downstream main stream; a dam upstream branch is arranged at the dam upstream main stream; a dam upstream fish passing branch and a dam downstream fish passing branch are arranged at the upstream and downstream of the reservoir dam respectively; and the dam upstream fish passing branch is connected with the upstream of the dam downstream fish passing branch through a dam upstream fish passing branch-to-dam downstream fish passing branch interval section. The method comprises the steps that (1) fish passing conditions are inspected, and the dam upstream fish passing branch and the dam downstream fish passing branch are determined; (2) descending fish passing line arrangement and fish passing facility selection are conducted; and (3) specific arrangement on a major structure and an auxiliary structure of a fish passing facility is conducted. According to the reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure and the method, the construction cost is low; the construction is simple; the operation is convenient; the reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure can be coordinated with and adapt to layouts of upstream and downstream junction buildings; the reservoir dam upstream branch and dam downstream branch combined descending fish passing structure and the method have wide application and popularization prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of water
Descending fish structure and the method excessively that tributary under dam, Ba Shang tributary, storehouse is combined.
Background technology
The dam site upstream and downstream Fish communication channel that water resources and hydropower development relates to intercepts and Fish
Gene exchange problem is that it is built and runs environmental problem main and the most in the urgent need to address,
To this end, the guarantor that competent administrative department for environmental protection typically all relates to for water resources and hydropower development
Protect Fish and degree of susceptibility situation, it is proposed that dam site upstream and downstream fish pass structure build, run and
The requirement of correlational study, such as fish pass, imitative nature passage, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or difference
The fish pass structure etc. of compound mode, to feasible region, the sustainable health of river basin ecological environment
Development.
Limited landform ground is arranged because being limited to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering reservoir upstream and downstream fish pass structure
Matter condition, and reservoir planning or existing main structures to arrange that general layout causes extremely limited
Fish pass structure builds site condition.At present, the skill that reservoir upstream and downstream fish pass structure is newly-built, transform
Art difficulty is universal relatively greatly, cost is the highest, operability is the most poor, especially
Build reservoir upstream and downstream and have the construction coordination between main structures and newly-built fish pass structure, fortune
There is many restrictions especially in the aspects such as row safety.
Fish problem is crossed in order to well solve the descending of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering reservoir upstream to downstream,
The impetus that fish pass structure is implemented is transferred to its upstream, downstream orographic condition relatively from reservoir itself
For favourable tributary, on a kind of reservoir dam of necessary offer, tributary under dam, tributary is combined down
Went fish structure and method, made full use of that tributary under tributary on reservoir dam, dam is good crosses fish condition,
And barrage structures existing to tributary on dam carried out fish function modifications, existing to tributary under dam
Barrage structures remove after arrange imitative nature passage, make dam upstream Fish by " dam
Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, upper master stream (containing intending carrying out the existing barrage structures of fish function modifications)
Xia Guoyu tributary, segment dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam is crossed (containing intending dismounting on dam
Existing barrage structures) under dam master stream " descending cross fishing line road, to realize reservoir upstream and downstream
The descending environmental requirement crossing fish.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the present invention swims across fish requirement up and down according to planning or existing reservoir,
From abolishing the planning of reservoir upstream and downstream or existing main structures can with the technology planning to build fish pass structure
Operability, cost economic, construction coordination, the restrictive condition angle of safety in operation are set out,
The impetus that fish pass structure is implemented is transferred to its upstream and downstream topographic and geologic condition from reservoir itself
Tributary advantageously, utilizes lower of tributary on reservoir dam, dam to flow through the technology that fish engineering is good
Implementation condition, cost economic condition, construction coordination condition, operation safety condition, it is provided that a kind of
The descending fish method of crossing that on reservoir dam, tributary under dam, tributary is combined, and set up on a kind of reservoir dam
What tributary under dam, tributary was combined descending crosses fish structure, swims across the environmental protection of fish up and down reaching reservoir
Requirement.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
The descending fish structure excessively that on a kind of reservoir dam, tributary under dam, tributary is combined, including reservoir
On dam and the dam that is connected with reservoir dam, master stream under master stream and dam, arranges on master stream under described dam
There is tributary under dam, dam is disposed with on master stream tributary on dam, described reservoir dam upstream and downstream
It is respectively arranged with Shang Guoyu tributary, dam and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, under Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam and dam
Cross upstream, fish tributary to be connected by crossing Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment on dam.
It is respectively arranged with barrage structures A on Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam
With barrage structures B.
Cross on described dam under fish Zhi Liuzhi dam and be disposed with culvert or aerial construction in the segment of master stream
Pool fish pass, and be provided with inducing installation on pool fish pass.
Described inducing installation includes the one in fish pound, barrier net, current, sound or light or several
Kind.
It is provided with imitative nature passage on Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, its
In, on Shang Guoyu tributary, dam imitative nature channel body structure include Shang Guoyu tributary, dam enter to converge
Cross in the segment of Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam on mouth, the river course in Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, dam
Culvert or the import of aerial construction pool fish pass；Imitative nature channel body on Xia Guoyu tributary, dam
Structure includes crossing on dam fish Zhi Liuzhi dam Xia Guoyu tributary segment culvert or aerial construction pool
The outlet of fish pass, the river course in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam enter to converge mouth.
On a kind of reservoir dam tributary under dam, tributary be combined descending cross fish method, specifically include with
Lower step:
(1) investigated fish condition and determined Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam.Investigation
The water in tributary under master stream, dam under tributary, dam on master stream, dam in planning or existing reservoir dam dam
Literary composition condition, topographic and geologic condition, work arrangement condition and main fish object condition of crossing, and according to
All kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement, factually than choosing and determine that reservoir dam upstream and downstream is implemented
The dam, Shang Guoyu tributary, dam of fish pass structure, descended fish tributary；
(2) descending fish line arrangement excessively and fish pass structure type selecting are carried out: according to mistake on reservoir dam
Fish tributary, the fish condition excessively in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam and all kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement,
Arrange and on reservoir dam, cross the descending fishing line road of crossing that fish tributary is combined with Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, and according to
Cross fishing line road difference section concrete condition and carry out the concrete structure type selecting of fish pass structure；
(3) carry out fish pass structure agent structure and supplementary structure is specifically arranged: according to descending
Cross the fish pass structure structure model selection situation of fishing line road difference section, carry out descending each district, fishing line road excessively
Section fish pass, imitative nature passage, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or the various mistakes of various combination mode
Facilities for fish's passage agent structure, and the concrete layout of fish pass structure supplementary structure.
In described step (1) hydrologic condition refer to water level, flow, silt, river course form with
Fish pass structure implements closely-related characteristic parameter condition；Described topographic and geologic condition refers to reservoir
The master stream of upstream and downstream, tributary topography and geomorphology, geological structure are implemented closely-related with fish pass structure
Characteristic parameter condition；Described work arrangement condition refers to the water levels of upstream and downstream of reservoir major project
Difference, project playout, the method for operation implement closely-related characteristic parameter condition with fish pass structure；
Described main cross fish object condition refer mainly in reservoir upstream and downstream Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream shielded rare, be on the point of
Jeopardize Endemic fish, and higher migratory, the kind of half migration fishes of economic worth,
Quantity, body length, gram stream ability, life habit and main fish excessively are implemented close with fish pass structure season
The characteristic parameter condition that cut is closed.
In described step (1) all kinds of fish pass structures refer in planning or existing reservoir dam tributary,
Under dam, master stream is newly-built, the fish pass of reconstruction, imitative nature passage, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or not
All kinds of fish pass structures with compound mode.
Described step (1) determines that Shang Guoyu tributary, dam refers mainly to according to bar tributary each on reservoir dam
Cross fish condition, in conjunction with all kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement, from technology implementation condition, make
Valency economic condition, construction coordination condition, operation safety condition key element carry out ratio choosing, determine factually
The tributary of fish pass structure is implemented on reservoir dam.
In described step (2), descending fishing line road of crossing is arranged as: crosses fish on dam on master stream → dam and props up
Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment → dam Xia Guoyu tributary → Ba Xiagan is crossed on stream → dam
Stream.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Compared with the prior art, the present invention swims across fish requirement up and down according to planning or existing reservoir,
From abolishing the planning of reservoir upstream and downstream or existing main structures can with the technology planning to build fish pass structure
Operability, cost economic, construction coordination, the restrictive condition angle of safety in operation are set out,
The impetus that fish pass structure is implemented is transferred to its upstream and downstream topographic and geologic condition from reservoir itself
Tributary advantageously, utilizes lower of tributary on reservoir dam, dam to flow through the technology that fish engineering is good
Implementation condition, cost economic condition, construction coordination condition, operation safety condition, creative
The descending fish method of crossing that tributary under dam, tributary on a kind of reservoir dam is combined, a kind of water of foundation are provided
The descending fish structure excessively that tributary under dam, Ba Shang tributary, storehouse is combined, has reached reservoir and has swum across fish up and down
Environmental requirement, it is achieved that the friendly coordination of engineering construction and environmental conservation, reached social effect
Benefit, economic benefit and the win-win of environmental benefit.
Cost of the present invention is low, construction is simple, it is convenient to run, it is possible to build with reservoir upstream and downstream hinge
Build thing and arrange that general layout is coordinated well and adapted to, and do not affect the safe, steady of reservoir major project
Fixed run, it is achieved that the friendly coordination of engineering construction and environmental conservation, reached social benefit,
Economic benefit and the win-win of environmental benefit, have wide application and promotion prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to prop up on reservoir dam of the present invention to flow to the descending fishing line line structure excessively in tributary under dam
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is FB(flow block) of the present invention.
In figure: 1-reservoir dam, Shang Guoyu tributary, 2-dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, 3-dam, on 4-dam
Cross Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment, master stream on 5-dam, tributary on 6-dam, 7-barrage
Structures A, 8-barrage structures B, tributary under 9-dam, master stream under 10-dam.
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but claimed scope
It is not limited to described.
As it is shown in figure 1, tributary tributary under dam is combined on a kind of reservoir dam of the present invention
Descending cross fish structure, including master stream 5 on reservoir dam 1 and the dam that is connected with reservoir dam 1 and
Master stream 10 under dam, are disposed with tributary 9 under dam, on dam on master stream 5 on master stream 10 under described dam
Being disposed with tributary 6 on dam, described reservoir dam 1 upstream and downstream is respectively arranged with on dam crosses fish
Tributary 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3, on Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
Swim by crossing Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment on dam connected.
It is respectively arranged with barrage structures on Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
A7 and barrage structures B8.
Cross on described dam and under fish Zhi Liuzhi dam, in master stream segment 4, be disposed with culvert or built on stilts knot
The pool fish pass of structure, and it is provided with inducing installation on pool fish pass.
Described inducing installation includes the one in fish pound, barrier net, current, sound or light or several
Kind.
It is provided with imitative nature passage on Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3,
Wherein, on dam Shang Guoyu tributary 2, imitative nature channel body structure includes Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2
Enter to converge to cross on mouth, the river course in Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2, dam Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam interval
Culvert in section 4 or the import of aerial construction pool fish pass；Imitating certainly on Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
So channel body structure include crossing on dam fish Zhi Liuzhi dam Xia Guoyu tributary segment 4 culvert or
The outlet of aerial construction pool fish pass, the river course in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
Enter to converge mouth.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, tributary and tributary under dam on a kind of reservoir dam of the present invention
In conjunction with descending cross fish method, specifically include following steps:
(1) investigated fish condition and determined Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam.Investigation
The water in tributary under master stream, dam under tributary, dam on master stream, dam in planning or existing reservoir dam dam
Literary composition condition, topographic and geologic condition, work arrangement condition and main fish object condition of crossing, and according to
All kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement, factually than choosing and determine that reservoir dam upstream and downstream is implemented
The dam, Shang Guoyu tributary, dam of fish pass structure, descended fish tributary；As it is shown in figure 1, inventory and planning or
Master stream 10, lower of dam under tributary 6, dam on master stream 5, dam on dam on existing reservoir dam 1
The hydrologic condition of stream 9, topographic and geologic condition, work arrangement condition and main fish object condition excessively,
And according to all kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement, factually than choosing and determine that reservoir dam is upper and lower
The Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2 of fish pass structure, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 are implemented in trip.
Described hydrologic condition refers mainly to water level, flow, silt, river course form etc. and sets with crossing fish
Execute the closely-related characteristic parameter condition of enforcement；Described topographic and geologic condition refers mainly on reservoir
The master stream in downstream, tributary topography and geomorphology, geological structure etc. are implemented closely-related with fish pass structure
Characteristic parameter condition；Described work arrangement condition refers mainly to the swimming up and down of reservoir major project
Potential difference, project playout, the method for operation etc. implement closely-related characteristic parameter bar with fish pass structure
Part；Described main fish object condition of crossing refers mainly to shielded treasure in reservoir upstream and downstream Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream
Dilute, in imminent danger and Endemic fish, and higher migratory, half migration fishes of economic worth
Kind, quantity, body length, gram stream ability, life habit and main spend fish season etc. and cross fish and set
Execute the closely-related characteristic parameter condition of enforcement；Described all kinds of fish pass structures refer to planning or
On existing reservoir dam, under tributary, dam, master stream is newly-built, the fish pass of reconstruction, imitative nature passage, fish lock,
Transporting something containerized fish system or all kinds of fish pass structures of various combination mode；Fish is crossed on described determination dam
Tributary refers mainly to prop up according to bar each on reservoir dam flow through fish condition, builds in conjunction with all kinds of fish pass structures
If, service requirement, from technology implementation condition, cost economic condition, construction coordination condition, fortune
The key elements such as row safety condition carry out ratio choosing, determine factually and implement propping up of fish pass structure on reservoir dam
Stream.
(2) descending fish line arrangement excessively and fish pass structure type selecting are carried out: according to mistake on reservoir dam
Fish tributary, the fish condition excessively in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam and all kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement,
Arrange and on reservoir dam, cross the descending fishing line road of crossing that fish tributary is combined with Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, and according to
Cross fishing line road difference section concrete condition and carry out the concrete structure type selecting of fish pass structure；Such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, according to mistake fish tributary 2, the fish condition excessively in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 and all kinds of mistakes on reservoir dam
Facilities for fish's passage is built, service requirement, arranges and crosses fish tributary 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 on reservoir dam
In conjunction with descending cross fishing line road, its descending cross fishing line road be arranged as: mistake on 5 → dam, master stream on dam
(containing barrage structures A7, wherein, barrage structures A7 is that plan carried out fish merit in fish tributary 2
Transformable existing barrage structures) cross Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment 4 on → dam
(containing barrage structures B8, wherein, barrage structures B8 is that plan is torn open in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
The existing barrage structures removed) under → dam master stream 10, and mistake on the descending dam crossing fishing line road
Fish tributary 2 (containing intending carrying out the existing barrage structures of fish function modifications), dam descended fish to prop up
Stream 3 (the existing barrage structures containing intending dismounting) arranges imitative nature passage, is passing through or is crossing
Cross Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment 4 on the dam of massif and arrange culvert or aerial construction
Pool fish pass.
The existing barrage structures intending carrying out fish function modifications can use fish pass, imitative nature to lead to
All kinds of fish pass structures of road, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or various combination mode are transformed,
Its concrete pattern should cross fish object type and ecological habit, existing barrage structures according to main
The factors such as work arrangement, hoisting depth, Shang Guoyu tributary 2, dam orographic condition, through Technological Economy
After select.
Described descending fishing line road of crossing is arranged as: on dam, master stream → Shang Guoyu tributary, dam is (containing existing
Barrage structures are removed or cross fish function modifications) cross fish Zhi Liuzhi Ba Xiaguoyu tributary district on → dam
Between section → Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (remove containing existing barrage structures or cross fish function modifications) → dam
Lower master stream, the descending fishing line road excessively that on reservoir dam, tributary under dam, tributary is combined, descending fishing line excessively
Shang Guoyu tributary, dam on road, the existing barrage structures height of dam in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 10m with
Under, and its generating, irrigation etc. utilize function can by Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam its
He has preferably being removed of barrage structures replacement, and remaining existing barrage structures was preferably carried out
Fish function modifications；Described fish pass structure type selecting refers mainly to cross fishing line road difference section descending
On, waited fish condition, warp according to the hydrology, topographic and geologic, work arrangement, main fish object of crossing
Technology and economy comparison, (broad form has slot type, pool, spy to the fish pass selecting factually and laying
Different form etc.), imitative nature passage, fish lock (broad form has lock formula, vertical shaft type or inclined shaft formula),
The various types fish pass structure of transporting something containerized fish system or various combination mode.
(3) carry out fish pass structure agent structure and supplementary structure is specifically arranged: according to descending
Cross the fish pass structure structure model selection situation of fishing line road difference section, carry out descending each district, fishing line road excessively
Section fish pass, imitative nature passage, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or the various mistakes of various combination mode
Facilities for fish's passage agent structure, and the concrete layout of fish pass structure supplementary structure.
Described fish pass structure is specifically arranged should be with the layout phase of reservoir upstream and downstream main structures
Coordinate, and select properly according to topographic and geologic, work arrangement, upstream and downstream flow condition etc., have
The position of profit is arranged, it is simple to runs and manages, and must not affect river course flood, shipping peace
Entirely；Described fish pass agent structure specifically arranges that main layout content includes import (the suitable cloth of import
Put in fish collection district, current regulation facility is preferably set, downflow weir, perps or aperture can be used
Type, can arrange the import of multiple different elevation to adapt to range of stage), room, pond (the suitable cloth in room, pond
Put in bank stability region, can use around bank formula, form, multilayer disc folding, tower, culvert
The layout patterns such as formula, the dividing plate between room, pond can use downflow weir formula, vertical seam type, flood outlet type
And the pattern such as combination type), outlet (exports suitable offshore to arrange, can arrange multiple different elevation
Outlet to adapt to range of stage) etc. structure；Described imitative nature channel body structure is specifically arranged
Main layout content includes that (import has preferably been arranged under current and has let out region, bottom riverbed in import
Drop-over, can arrange water level regulation facility to adapt to range of stage), (passage preferably uses life to passage
State bank protection structure, section configuration, width, the depth of water and current should be the most various, to adapt to not
Needs with Fish), (outlet is preferably close to bank and is arranged, can arrange water level regulation facility with suitable in outlet
Answer upper pond level luffing) etc. structure；Described fish lock agent structure is specifically arranged main in arranging
Hold and include that (import is preferably arranged in fish collection district, can arrange water level regulation facility to adapt in import
Level of tail water luffing, preferably arrange induction current), (lock floor is preferably located at reservoir stagnant water to lock chamber
Below Wei, lock chamber planted agent arranges induction, anti-escape and drive the devices such as fish), (outlet is arranged in outlet
Preferably away from hindering Fish to continue the adverse environment district traced back, barricade can be set if desired, keep away
Exempt from Fish and return to downstream) etc. structure；Described transporting something containerized fish system agent structure is specifically arranged mainly
Arrange and content include collecting facilities for fish's passage (including can the fixed collection facilities for fish's passage of fish gathering and discontinuity continuously
The removable collection fishing boat of fish gathering), fortune facilities for fish's passage (including fish-carrying boat, fish transportation vehicle etc.), fortune fish code
First-class structure；Described fish pass structure supplementary structure specifically arranges that main layout content includes induction
Facility (includes barrier dam, fish pound, barrier net, current, electricity grid, sound, light, air curtain etc.
Facility), block clear facility (include trash rack, block dirty drift, trash, bulkhead gate of removing contamination,
Rush the facilities such as what equipment), observation facility facilities such as () sight chamber, scope, monitoring water levels
Etc. structure, concrete arrange should arrange with fish pass structure agent structure, river navigation, the phase such as floating row
Coordinate.
Mainly include on dam as it is shown in figure 1, nature channel body structure is imitated in Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2
Cross entering to converge and crossing under fish Zhi Liuzhi dam on mouth, the river course in Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2, dam of fish tributary 2
Cross the culvert in fish tributary segment 4 or the import of aerial construction pool fish pass.
Imitative nature channel body structure on Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 mainly arranges that content includes dam
Upper cross going out of fish Zhi Liuzhi dam Xia Guoyu tributary segment 4 culvert or aerial construction pool fish pass
Mouth, the river course in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 enter to converge mouth.
Fish Zhi Liuzhi dam Xia Guoyu tributary segment 4 culvert or the pool of aerial construction is crossed on dam
Fish pass agent structure includes import, room, pond and outlet, and wherein import was preferably arranged on dam and crosses fish and prop up
The fish collection district of stream 2, preferably arranges current regulation facility, can use downflow weir, perps or hole
The shape of the mouth as one speaks, can arrange the import of multiple different elevation to adapt to water on river course, Shang Guoyu tributary 2, dam
Level amplitude；Room, pond is preferably arranged in the massif between Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2 and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3
In or massif on bank stability region, pass through fish pass in massif and use the pool of culvert structure
Pattern, crosses the bank stability region fish pass on massif and uses the pool pattern of aerial construction, pond
Dividing plate between room can use downflow weir formula, vertical seam type, flood the pattern such as outlet type and combination type；
Outlet is preferably arranged at Xia Guoyu tributary 3, dam offshore, can arrange on river course, Xia Guoyu tributary 3, dam
The outlet of multiple different elevations is to adapt to range of stage.
Shang Guoyu tributary, dam 2, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam 3 are imitated nature passage and are not set supplementary structure；Dam
The pool fish pass of upper fish Zhi Liuzhi dam Xia Guoyu tributary segment 4 culvert or aerial construction excessively is auxiliary
Structure is helped mainly to include inducing installation, (include fish pound, barrier net, current, sound, light etc.
Facility), block clear facility (include trash rack, rush the facilities such as what equipment), observation facility (observation
The facilities such as room, scope, monitoring water level) etc. structure.
Claims (10)
1. descending a fish structure, its feature excessively that on reservoir dam, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
It is: include master stream (5) on reservoir dam (1) and the dam that is connected with reservoir dam (1)
With master stream under dam (10), under described dam, on master stream (10), it is disposed with tributary under dam (9), dam
Tributary on dam (6), described reservoir dam (1) upstream and downstream it is disposed with on upper master stream (5)
It is respectively arranged with Shang Guoyu tributary, dam (2) and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (3), described dam is crossed fish
Tributary (2) and Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (3) upstream descended fish to prop up by crossing fish Zhi Liuzhi dam on dam
Stream segment is connected.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 1, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish structure excessively, it is characterised in that: Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam (2) and dam descended fish to prop up
It is respectively arranged with barrage structures A (7) and barrage structures B (8) on stream (3).
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 1, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish structure excessively, it is characterised in that: cross master stream segment (4) under fish Zhi Liuzhi dam on described dam
On be disposed with the pool fish pass of culvert or aerial construction, and on pool fish pass, be provided with induction set
Execute.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 3, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish structure excessively, it is characterised in that: described inducing installation includes fish pound, barrier net, water
One or more in stream, sound or light.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 1, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish structure excessively, it is characterised in that: Shang Guoyu tributary, described dam (2) and dam descended fish to prop up
Imitative nature passage, wherein, the upper imitative nature in Shang Guoyu tributary, dam (2) it is provided with on stream (3)
What channel body structure included Shang Guoyu tributary, dam (2) enters to converge mouth, Shang Guoyu tributary, dam (2)
River course, cross the culvert on Xia Guoyu tributary segment, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam (4) or built on stilts on dam
The import of structure pool fish pass；Imitative nature channel body structure on Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (3)
Including crossing Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment (4) culvert or aerial construction pool on dam
The outlet of fish pass, the river course in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (3), Xia Guoyu tributary, dam (3) enter converge
Mouthful.
6. one kind realizes tributary and dam on reservoir dam as described in claim 1 to 5 any one
What lower tributary combined descending cross the descending of fish structure and crosses fish method, specifically includes following steps:
(1) investigated fish condition and determined Shang Guoyu tributary, dam, Xia Guoyu tributary, dam.Investigation
The water in tributary under master stream, dam under tributary, dam on master stream, dam in planning or existing reservoir dam dam
Literary composition condition, topographic and geologic condition, work arrangement condition and main fish object condition of crossing, and according to
All kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement, factually than choosing and determine that reservoir dam upstream and downstream is implemented
The dam, Shang Guoyu tributary, dam of fish pass structure, descended fish tributary；
(2) descending fish line arrangement excessively and fish pass structure type selecting are carried out: according to mistake on reservoir dam
Fish tributary, the fish condition excessively in Xia Guoyu tributary, dam and all kinds of fish pass structure construction, service requirement,
Arrange and on reservoir dam, cross the descending fishing line road of crossing that fish tributary is combined with Xia Guoyu tributary, dam, and according to
Cross fishing line road difference section concrete condition and carry out the concrete structure type selecting of fish pass structure；
(3) carry out fish pass structure agent structure and supplementary structure is specifically arranged: according to descending
Cross the fish pass structure structure model selection situation of fishing line road difference section, carry out descending each district, fishing line road excessively
Section fish pass, imitative nature passage, fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or the various mistakes of various combination mode
Facilities for fish's passage agent structure, and the concrete layout of fish pass structure supplementary structure.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 6, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending cross fish method, it is characterised in that: in described step (1) hydrologic condition refer to water level,
Flow, silt, river course form implement closely-related characteristic parameter condition with fish pass structure；Institute
State topographic and geologic condition refer to the master stream of reservoir upstream and downstream, tributary topography and geomorphology, geological structure with
Fish pass structure implements closely-related characteristic parameter condition；Described work arrangement condition refers to reservoir
The water levels of upstream and downstream of major project is poor, project playout, the method for operation are implemented closely with fish pass structure
Relevant characteristic parameter condition；Described main fish object condition of crossing refers mainly to the reservoir upstream and downstream Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches
Shielded rare, in imminent danger and Endemic fish in stream, and economic worth higher migratory,
The kind of half migration fishes, quantity, body length, gram stream ability, life habit and main fish excessively
Season implements closely-related characteristic parameter condition with fish pass structure.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 6, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish method excessively, it is characterised in that: in described step (1), all kinds of fish pass structures refer to
In planning or existing reservoir dam, under tributary, dam, master stream is newly-built, the fish pass of reconstruction, imitative nature passage,
All kinds of fish pass structures of fish lock, transporting something containerized fish system or various combination mode.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 6, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish method excessively, it is characterised in that: described step (1) determines that Shang Guoyu tributary, dam is main
Refer to prop up according to bar each on reservoir dam flow through fish condition, in conjunction with all kinds of fish pass structure construction, run and want
Ask, from technology implementation condition, cost economic condition, construction coordination condition, run safety condition
Key element carries out ratio choosing, determines the tributary implementing fish pass structure on reservoir dam factually.
On a kind of reservoir dam the most according to claim 6, tributary under dam, tributary is combined
Descending fish method excessively, it is characterised in that: described step (2) is crossed on master stream → dam on dam fish
Cross under Xia Guoyu tributary, fish Zhi Liuzhi dam segment → dam Xia Guoyu tributary → dam on tributary → dam
Master stream.
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| CN113068639A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-06 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Fish traceability study device |
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