CN105946306B - 一种复合材料无纺布 - Google Patents

一种复合材料无纺布 Download PDF

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CN105946306B
CN105946306B CN201610257893.7A CN201610257893A CN105946306B CN 105946306 B CN105946306 B CN 105946306B CN 201610257893 A CN201610257893 A CN 201610257893A CN 105946306 B CN105946306 B CN 105946306B
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woven fabrics
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CN105946306A (zh
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陈积博
陈尚永
陈尚珍
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Zhejiang Zhongyu Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06Vegetal fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/065Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/714Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/726Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265Non-permeable

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:35‑55份竹炭纤维、10‑15份玉米纤维、10‑15份剑麻纤维、3‑5份改性纳米地开石、15‑25份藻类提取物与3‑6份金缕梅提取物。本发明的复合材料无纺布按照原有生产工艺,完全可以正常生产;过滤性能好,可纺性好,不滴浆,着色性能好,铺网均匀,克重正常,拉伸强度高,柔软性能好;抗菌、阻燃,防水效果好;无毒无刺激,强度无方向性,纵横向强度相近。

Description

一种复合材料无纺布
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无纺布,尤其涉及一种抗菌、环保、具有良好阻燃、防水效果的复合材料无纺布。
背景技术
无纺布(英文名:Non Wowen),又称不织布,是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成,具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉、可循环再用等特点。如多采用聚丙烯粒料为原料,经高温熔融、喷丝、铺纲、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成。因其具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布。
无纺布在人造革、家私、化工、印刷、装饰、包装、汽车、建材服务、工况土工布以及工业过滤布吸油布、旅游用品、生活用品等行业广发应用。但目前的PP纺粘法无纺布系普遍不能降解、不符合环保要求,且功能也比较单一。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于为了解决现有PP纺粘法无纺布系不能降解、不符合环保要求,且功能也比较单一的缺陷而提供一种抗菌、环保、具有良好阻燃、防水效果的复合材料无纺布。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:35-55份竹炭纤维、10-15份玉米纤维、10-15份剑麻纤维、3-5份改性纳米地开石、15-25份藻类提取物与3-6份金缕梅提取物。在本技术方案中,金缕梅具有抗菌的作用,也能吸收强紫外线;改性纳米地开石可以提高无纺布的抗拉,抗撕裂,抗顶破的性能。
作为优选,所述藻类提取物的制备方法为:按质量份数计将200份直角毛藻、120份威氏海链藻与700份酸绿球藻洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入直角毛藻、威氏海链藻与酸绿球藻重量5-8倍的纯净水,在120-140Mpa,50-65℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取20-30min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.9-1.5%的蛋白酶与1.2-1.5%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到藻类提取物。
作为优选,改性纳米地开石的制备方法为:将地开石粉碎成2-3cm后放入质量分数72-78%的过氧化氢溶液中,超声震荡10-12h,取出干燥后在450-500℃下煅烧2-3h,而后研磨成纳米粉末得到改性纳米地开石,超声功率为85-90kw。
作为优选,金缕梅提取物的制备方法为:选取金缕梅花与叶,加入其5-10倍质量的水,超声波萃取65-70min,过滤分离后的滤液真空浓缩至1/4-1/3;向浓缩后的滤液中加入滤液质量的6-8倍的乙醇溶液,静置3-5h后真空抽滤,然后在60-75℃下真空干燥得到金缕梅提取物。
作为优选,所述乙醇溶液的质量浓度为65-70%。
作为优选,上表面层为聚乙烯发泡棉层或聚丙烯SMS纤维层,下表面层为皮芯型复合纤维层。
作为优选,所述皮芯复合纤维层包括纳米级二氧化钒。
作为优选,上表面层占无纺布总质量的40%,中间层占占无纺布总质量的30%,下表面层占无纺布总质量的30%。
本发明的有益效果是:
1)本发明的复合材料无纺布按照原有生产工艺,完全可以正常生产;
2)过滤性能好,可纺性好,不滴浆,着色性能好,铺网均匀,克重正常,拉伸强度高,柔软性能好;且抗菌、阻燃,防水效果好;
3)本发明的复合材料无纺布无毒无刺激,强度无方向性,纵横向强度相近。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
无纺布生产工艺流程为:原料验收-原料准备含加色母-中间层制备-挤压-冷却牵伸-成网输送-热轧定型-卷绕切边-包装-入库。
实施例1
一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,上表面层为聚乙烯发泡棉层,下表面层为皮芯型复合纤维层,所述皮芯复合纤维层包括纳米级二氧化钒,纳米级二氧化钒的含量为皮芯复合纤维层的3%;所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:35份竹炭纤维、10份玉米纤维、10份剑麻纤维、3份改性纳米地开石、15份藻类提取物与3份金缕梅提取物。上表面层占无纺布总质量的40%,中间层占占无纺布总质量的30%,下表面层占无纺布总质量的30%。
所述藻类提取物的制备方法为:按质量份数计将200份直角毛藻、120份威氏海链藻与700份酸绿球藻洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入直角毛藻、威氏海链藻与酸绿球藻重量5倍的纯净水,在120Mpa,50℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取20min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.9%的蛋白酶与1.2%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到藻类提取物。
改性纳米地开石的制备方法为:将地开石粉碎成2-3cm后放入质量分数72%的过氧化氢溶液中,超声震荡10h,取出干燥后在450℃下煅烧2h,而后研磨成纳米粉末得到改性纳米地开石,超声功率为85kw。
金缕梅提取物的制备方法为:选取金缕梅花与叶,加入其5倍质量的水,超声波萃取65min,过滤分离后的滤液真空浓缩至1/4;向浓缩后的滤液中加入滤液质量的6倍质量浓度为65-%的乙醇溶液,静置3h后真空抽滤,然后在60℃下真空干燥得到金缕梅提取物。
中间层的制备方法:在285℃下,按配方量将竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、剑麻纤维熔融后加入改性纳米地开石、藻类提取物与金缕梅提取物,混合均匀。
实施例2
一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,上表面层为聚丙烯SMS纤维层,下表面层为皮芯型复合纤维层,所述皮芯复合纤维层包括纳米级二氧化钒,纳米级二氧化钒的含量为皮芯复合纤维层的3%;所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:40份竹炭纤维、12份玉米纤维、13份剑麻纤维、4份改性纳米地开石、20份藻类提取物与5份金缕梅提取物。上表面层占无纺布总质量的40%,中间层占占无纺布总质量的30%,下表面层占无纺布总质量的30%。
所述藻类提取物的制备方法为:按质量份数计将200份直角毛藻、120份威氏海链藻与700份酸绿球藻洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入直角毛藻、威氏海链藻与酸绿球藻重量6倍的纯净水,在130Mpa,60℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取25min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量1%的蛋白酶与1.3%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到藻类提取物。
改性纳米地开石的制备方法为:将地开石粉碎成2-3cm后放入质量分数75%的过氧化氢溶液中,超声震荡11h,取出干燥后在480℃下煅烧2.5h,而后研磨成纳米粉末得到改性纳米地开石,超声功率为88kw。
金缕梅提取物的制备方法为:选取金缕梅花与叶,加入其7倍质量的水,超声波萃取68min,过滤分离后的滤液真空浓缩至1/3;向浓缩后的滤液中加入滤液质量的7倍质量浓度为68%的乙醇溶液,静置4h后真空抽滤,然后在70℃下真空干燥得到金缕梅提取物。
中间层的制备方法:在285℃下,按配方量将竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、剑麻纤维熔融后加入改性纳米地开石、藻类提取物与金缕梅提取物,混合均匀。
实施例3
一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,上表面层为聚丙烯SMS纤维层,下表面层为皮芯型复合纤维层,所述皮芯复合纤维层包括纳米级二氧化钒,纳米级二氧化钒的含量为皮芯复合纤维层的3%;所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:55份竹炭纤维、15份玉米纤维、15份剑麻纤维、5份改性纳米地开石、25份藻类提取物与6份金缕梅提取物。上表面层占无纺布总质量的40%,中间层占占无纺布总质量的30%,下表面层占无纺布总质量的30%。
所述藻类提取物的制备方法为:按质量份数计将200份直角毛藻、120份威氏海链藻与700份酸绿球藻洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入直角毛藻、威氏海链藻与酸绿球藻重量8倍的纯净水,在140Mpa,65℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取30min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量1.5%的蛋白酶与1.5%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到藻类提取物。
改性纳米地开石的制备方法为:将地开石粉碎成2-3cm后放入质量分数78%的过氧化氢溶液中,超声震荡12h,取出干燥后在500℃下煅烧3h,而后研磨成纳米粉末得到改性纳米地开石,超声功率为90kw。
金缕梅提取物的制备方法为:选取金缕梅花与叶,加入其10倍质量的水,超声波萃取70min,过滤分离后的滤液真空浓缩至1/3;向浓缩后的滤液中加入滤液质量的8倍质量浓度为70%的乙醇溶液,静置3h后真空抽滤,然后在75℃下真空干燥得到金缕梅提取物。
中间层的制备方法:在285℃下,按配方量将竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、剑麻纤维熔融后加入改性纳米地开石、藻类提取物与金缕梅提取物,混合均匀。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (7)

1.一种复合材料无纺布,包括中间层和分别位于中间层两侧的上表面层与下表面层,其特征在于,所述中间层由以下重量份的原料制备而成:35-55份竹炭纤维、10-15份玉米纤维、10-15份剑麻纤维、3-5份改性纳米地开石、15-25份藻类提取物与3-6份金缕梅提取物;所述藻类提取物的制备方法为:按质量份数计将200份直角毛藻、120份威氏海链藻与700份酸绿球藻洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入直角毛藻、威氏海链藻与酸绿球藻重量5-8倍的纯净水,在120-140MPa ,50-65℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取20-30min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.9-1.5%的蛋白酶与1.2-1.5%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到藻类提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,改性纳米地开石的制备方法为:将地开石粉碎成2-3cm后放入质量分数72-78%的过氧化氢溶液中,超声震荡10-12h,取出干燥后在450-500℃下煅烧2-3h,而后研磨成纳米粉末得到改性纳米地开石,超声功率为85-90kw。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,金缕梅提取物的制备方法为:选取金缕梅花与叶,加入其5-10倍质量的水,超声波萃取65-70min,过滤分离后的滤液真空浓缩至1/4-1/3;向浓缩后的滤液中加入滤液质量的6-8倍的乙醇溶液,静置3-5h后真空抽滤,然后在60-75℃下真空干燥得到金缕梅提取物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,所述乙醇溶液的质量浓度为65-70%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,上表面层为聚乙烯发泡棉层或聚丙烯SMS纤维层,下表面层为皮芯型复合纤维层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,所述皮芯复合纤维层包括纳米级二氧化钒。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料无纺布,其特征在于,上表面层占无纺布总质量的40%,中间层占占无纺布总质量的30%,下表面层占无纺布总质量的30%。
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