CN105945428A - Endothermic coating used for increasing laser welding weld penetration depth of ultrahigh-strength steel and use method thereof - Google Patents

Endothermic coating used for increasing laser welding weld penetration depth of ultrahigh-strength steel and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105945428A
CN105945428A CN201610412023.2A CN201610412023A CN105945428A CN 105945428 A CN105945428 A CN 105945428A CN 201610412023 A CN201610412023 A CN 201610412023A CN 105945428 A CN105945428 A CN 105945428A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
absorbing paint
unimach
laser
improving
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CN201610412023.2A
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CN105945428B (en
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韩秀红
郭秀立
李丹丹
孙稳山
邢丽
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CHANGCHUN SANYOU AUTOMOBILE PARTS MANUFACTURE Co Ltd
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CHANGCHUN SANYOU AUTOMOBILE PARTS MANUFACTURE Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides endothermic coating used for increasing the laser welding weld penetration depth of ultrahigh-strength steel. The endothermic coating comprises, by weight, 25%-30% of SiO2, 5%-9% of MnO, 6%-20% of CaO and the balance B2O3. According to the endothermic coating used for increasing the laser welding weld penetration depth of the ultrahigh-strength steel and a use method thereof, the laser welding weld penetration depth of the ultrahigh-strength steel is enlarged on the condition of the same laser beam power density, the full penetration weld of connectors is guaranteed, and the molten oxide endothermic coating generates slag which has a protective effect for molten weld metals and reduces oxidization and burning loss of alloy elements in the ultrahigh-strength steel, so that the molding quality of a weld is improved.

Description

A kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration and using method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding and interconnection technique field, be particularly used for improving heat-absorbing paint and the using method thereof of unimach laser weld fusion penetration.
Background technology
Laser welding is the laser beam utilizing high-energy-density a kind of high-efficiency and precision welding method as thermal source, have that heat input is low, speed of welding fast, joint thermal deformation and the advantage such as heat affected area is little, melting pool shape depth-to-width ratio is big, seam organization is thin and joint toughness is good, obtain increasingly extensive application at industrial circles such as machinery, automobile, shipbuilding, Aero-Space, iron and steel, ocean engineering and piece surface reparations.In laser welding, laser beam focuses on the surface of workpiece through special optical lens, due to metal material laser beam had high surface initial reflectance and radiation can the features such as absorbance is low, when with the beginning of weldment effect, most laser beam energy is all reflected away by metal material surface, energy conversion efficiency is relatively low, and weldment can only absorb little part energy.Laser beam power density and metal material are the principal elements affecting weld penetration on the absorbance of laser.Laser welding metal material to obtain bigger weld penetration and ensure that joint can must use powerful Laser Power Devices or improve the absorbance to laser energy by complete penetraction and fusion in welding.Powerful Laser Power Devices are used to be to ensure that the first-selected measure of laser welding fusion penetration and metal material complete penetraction and fusion in welding.
Unimach refers to carry out, by phase transformation, the steel grade strengthened, it is in mild steel, add the multiple alloying elements such as a small amount of niobium and/or titanium, through solid solution strengthening, precipitation strength, grain refining strengthening and strain build up so that it is with the element such as carbon, nitrogen formed carbide, nitride and on ferrite matrix separate out thus improve the intensity of steel.Laser welding unimach uses powerful Laser Power Devices, on the one hand improves laser welding apparatus cost；On the other hand unimach laser beam welding improves laser beam power increase the fusion penetration of weld seam the alloying element scaling loss in steel can be caused serious, destroy the invigoration effect of alloying element, reduce the mechanical property of welding point.In order to be able to realize obtaining bigger weld penetration under relatively low laser power, stable welding process and excellent quality of weld seam molding, in recent years, research worker researches and develops the welding procedure that multiple laser and other thermal source carry out being combined, as laser and electric arc, laser and plasma arc, laser weld with sensing thermal source composite welding, double laser beam and multi-beam laser welding etc..Laser compound welding technical matters parameter is more complicated, welding head size is bigger, joint form has certain limitation, the pollution of laser head protective glass plate and the damage of focus lamp can be caused laser energy to be gradually lowered by splashing, slag and the metal vapors etc. that especially produce during hybrid Laser-Arc Welding, reducing degree time serious and reach 90%, how preventing the splashing in welding process, slag and metal vapors etc. from polluting the cover plate of laser head is an important technology difficult problem with damage focus lamp；Meanwhile, prevent the oxidation of weld metal the most further and reduce the scaling loss of alloying element, improving the mechanical property of welding point, it is ensured that welding point and mother metal equal strength are also technical barriers urgently to be resolved hurrily in laser beam welding.At present, the related application technology about improving metal material, laser energy absorbance being increased weld penetration there is not yet play-by-play.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration and using method thereof; the fusion penetration of unimach laser weld is increased in the case of equal laser beam power density; ensure that joint can complete penetraction and fusion in welding; the oxide heat-absorbing paint simultaneously melted forms slag and plays a protective role the weld metal of fusing; reduce the alloying element oxidation in unimach and scaling loss, improve the Forming Quality of weld seam.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration, its component and percentage by weight are as follows:
As currently preferred technical scheme: component and the percentage by weight of a kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration are as follows:
As currently preferred technical scheme: described B2O3、Si02, the granularity of MnO and CaO be 20-50 μm, purity is 99.9%.
A kind of using method of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration, step is as follows:
A. by Si02, MnO, CaO and B2O3The powder particle of oxide heat-absorbing paint is obtained by above percentage by weight mix homogeneously；
B. the powder particle preparing oxide heat-absorbing paint in step A is added after binding agent mix homogeneously, granulation and low temperature (less than 400 DEG C) are dried and again pulverize, screen particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint granule therein；
C. by the particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint particle spray coating in step B in the welding point surface of superhigh intensity steel construction piece to be welded, Laser Welding welding is used afterwards.
As currently preferred technical scheme: described step B is screened particle diameter 35 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint granule therein.
As currently preferred technical scheme: the technique of the spraying described in step C can use plasma spraying, brushing or gas spraying.
As currently preferred technical scheme: the quantity for spray described in step C is 7-9mg/cm2。
As currently preferred technical scheme: the quantity for spray described in step C is 8mg/cm2。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the method that the present invention provides can improve the metal material to be welded absorbance to laser energy, significantly increases the fusion penetration of unimach laser weld in the case of equal beam power density；Ensure joint can complete penetraction and fusion in welding,
2, the weld metal of fusing is played a protective role by the oxide heat-absorbing paint formation slag of fusing, reduces the alloying element oxidation in unimach and scaling loss, improves the Forming Quality of weld seam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the laser weld fusion penetration schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration using the present invention to provide；
Fig. 2 is the laser weld fusion penetration schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration not using the present invention to provide.
Detailed description of the invention
Heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration of the present invention is with B2O3Based on composition, add Si02, MnO and CaO constitute oxide heat-absorbing paint.B2O3Fusion temperature is 580 DEG C, can form meltable borate with metal-oxide effect, and reaction equation is: B2O3+MeO→MeO·B2O3, borate floats on weld face with the form of slag, can reach to remove the oxide effect on unimach surface, can play again mechanical protection effect, and protection weld zone metal is from the infringement of air.Si02Higher with molten boiling point with the resistivity of MnO, welding process plays the absorbance improved laser beam, effectively increases the fusion penetration of unimach laser weld.CaO is basic anhydride, with B2O3The borate viscosity that effect is formed is low, good fluidity, and the liquid surface tension force that can reduce fusing weld metal improves the molding of face of weld.The process based prediction model of material self is depended in the absorption of material for laser light, such as absorbance, reflectance, thermal conductivity, fusion temperature, evaporating temperature etc., most important of which is that absorbance.Have document to report, affect material for laser light light beam absorbance because have two factors, one is the resistance coefficient of material, and absorbed rate is directly proportional to the square root of resistance coefficient；Two is that the apparent condition (or fineness) of material has more important impact to beam absorption, thus welding effect is produced obvious effect.The nonmetallic materials such as pottery, glass, rubber and plastics are higher to the absorbance of laser when room temperature, and metal material is the lowest to the absorbance of laser when room temperature, only just sharply increase the absorption of laser beam when metal material melting or even gasification.Obviously, surface uses heat-absorbing paint or the method for Surface Creation oxide-film, improves metal material highly effective to the absorption of laser beam.The joint quality of laser welding unimach is had a major impact by the particle size of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration of the present invention, and the impact of particle size size is sprayed on by the adhesive strength of welding structure part oxide on surface heat-absorbing paint Yu workpiece.Oxide heat-absorbing paint particle size is little, and the specific surface area of granule is big, is conducive to improving the absorbance to laser beam, effectively increases the fusion penetration of unimach laser weld.Oxide heat-absorbing paint particle size is too small, low with the adhesive strength of workpiece, it is easy to protected gas dispels, and can affect the fusion penetration of weld seam.Additionally, unimach laser weld fusion penetration and weld strength also can be affected by the amount of welding structure part welding point surface spraying unit area oxide heat-absorbing paint.Excessive by the amount of welding structure part welding point surface spraying oxide heat-absorbing paint, slag in weld, lack of fusion and the weld defect such as lack of penetration can be produced.Therefore, laser welding unimach is also required to the unit are quantity for spray of accurate control oxide heat-absorbing paint.
The inventive method is specifically described by embodiment further that be given by the following.
A kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration of the present invention, its composition and percentage by weight as follows: Si02 be 25-30%, MnO be 5-8%, CaO be 16-20%, B2O3 be surplus.
The using method of a kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration of the present invention, step is as follows:
A. Si02, MnO, CaO and B2O3 are obtained by following percentage by weight mix homogeneously the powder particle of oxide heat-absorbing paint: Si02 be 25-30%, MnO be 5-8%, CaO be 16-20%, B2O3 be surplus；
B. the powder particle preparing oxide heat-absorbing paint in step A is added after binding agent mix homogeneously, granulation and low temperature (less than 400 DEG C) are dried and again pulverize, screen particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint granule therein；
C. by the particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint particle spray coating in step B in the welding point surface of superhigh intensity steel construction piece to be welded, Laser Welding welding is used afterwards.
The oxide heat-absorbing paint of preparation is used for the laser welding of unimach by following enforcement such as above step, and laser welder is CO2Laser instrument, bonding power P=1.0kw, welding speed V=2000mm/min, defocusing amount F=0mm, side-blown gas is pure Ar, and flow is 30L/min.
Embodiment 1-9 is shown in Table 1:
Table 1 oxide heat-absorbing paint proportioning and postwelding joint performance thereof
Result shows: heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration of the present invention and using method thereof, the technical specification reached according to above-mentioned oxide heat-absorbing paint and processing step:
(1), under constructed Parameter Conditions, superhigh intensity steel construction piece welding point surface spraying oxide heat-absorbing paint carries out laser welding, and one time welded seam fusion penetration increases 14-21%；
(2) the face of weld beautiful appearance that laser welding obtains.

Claims (7)

1. the heat-absorbing paint being used for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration, it is characterised in that its component and weight Percentage ratio is as follows:
A kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration, its feature exists In, its component and percentage by weight are as follows:
A kind of heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration, its feature It is, described B2O3、Si02, the granularity of MnO and CaO be 20-50 μm, purity is 99.9%.
A kind of user of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration Method, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
A. by Si02, MnO, CaO and B2O3The powder of oxide heat-absorbing paint is obtained by above percentage by weight mix homogeneously End granule:
B. the powder particle preparing oxide heat-absorbing paint in step A is added binding agent mix homogeneously, granulation and low temperature (400 DEG C Again pulverize after drying below), screen particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint granule therein；
C. by the particle diameter 20-50 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint particle spray coating in step B in superhigh intensity steel construction piece to be welded Welding point surface, carries out Laser Welding welding afterwards.
A kind of user of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration Method, it is characterised in that screen particle diameter 35 μm oxide heat-absorbing paint granule therein in described step B.
A kind of user of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration Method, it is characterised in that the quantity for spray described in step C is 7-9mg/cm2。
A kind of user of the heat-absorbing paint for improving unimach laser weld fusion penetration Method, it is characterised in that the quantity for spray described in step C is 8mg/cm2。
CN201610412023.2A 2016-06-14 2016-06-14 A kind of heat-absorbing paint and its application method for being used to improve unimach laser weld fusion penetration Active CN105945428B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107831565A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-03-23 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 The applying method of light guide plate and reflector plate, backlight module and display device
CN113751842A (en) * 2021-09-02 2021-12-07 吉林农业科技学院 Spraying material and high-nitrogen steel welding process based on thermal spraying pretreatment

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107831565A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-03-23 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 The applying method of light guide plate and reflector plate, backlight module and display device
CN113751842A (en) * 2021-09-02 2021-12-07 吉林农业科技学院 Spraying material and high-nitrogen steel welding process based on thermal spraying pretreatment
CN113751842B (en) * 2021-09-02 2022-06-21 吉林农业科技学院 Spraying material and high-nitrogen steel welding process based on thermal spraying pretreatment

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