CN105942568B

CN105942568B - A kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment

Info

Publication number: CN105942568B
Application number: CN201610471528.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨兴; 成树; 曾涛
Original assignee: Hunan Xindi New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Xindi New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-06-24
Filing date: 2016-06-24
Publication date: 2017-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-24
Also published as: CN105942568A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment, the heating equipment includes combustion furnace, heat exchanger, the concentration feeding system and barn for providing for combustion furnace biomass granule fuel, the heat exchanger is used for the horizontal converter nose one end for being connected to combustion furnace, the barn includes heat supply room, the heat exchanger is arranged in heat supply room, and the combustion furnace and concentration feeding system are arranged on outside barn；The concentration feeding system, which is used to concentrate for two or more combustion furnace, provides biomass granule fuel, and including the Material sucking machine containing vavuum pump, storage vat, more than two aspirating air pipes, more than two charging lines, auger feed mechanism, feeding distribution joint, two or more magnetic valve, two or more vacuum hopper and two or more weight valve.Heating equipment practicality reasonable in design provided by the invention, safety and environmental protection, high-effective and labour-saving, reduces cost, has saved resource, improve operating efficiency and Business Economic Benefit, is adapted to popularity to use.

Description

A kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to combustion heat supplying field, is more particularly to a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment.

Background technology

In more than 100 years since cured tobacco production and popularization, the history in coal baking tobacco leaves existing more than 50 years, coal Baking replaces original firewood to toast, and is the much progress in tobacco roasting history, is made to protect forest resources with ecological environment Significant contribution.In recent years, tobacco business absorbs Foreign Experience and technology, and bulk curing barn success is promoted in exploitation, from tradition Barn is the another much progress in tobacco roasting history, significantly improves the utilization rate of the energy, effectively reduce baking to bulk curing barn It is roasted into this.But bulk curing barn does not solve the present situation toasted using coal as the energy fundamentally, the continuous consumption of coal and The local pollution of the environment problem that barn clustering is brought increasingly displays.Coal toasts discharged dust, carbon oxygen The pollutant emissions such as compound, sulfide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon also discharge a large amount of SO in atmosphere, during burning₂、CO₂、CO、NO₂Deng gas Body, serious pollution is brought to surrounding environment, influence air quality, trigger the environmental accidents such as acid rain, haze.

As patent of invention CN201310726295.6 is related to a kind of varying capacity hot-blast stove, especially a kind of change of heating according to need Capacity indirect type hot blast stove for flue-cured tobacco, belong to tobacco modulating equipment technical field.The invention by body of heater, dividing wall type heat exchanger, chimney, Malleation combustion fan is formed, and dividing wall type heat exchanger is placed in above body of heater, and chimney is located at body of heater top side, and malleation combustion fan leads to Piping connects with body of heater；Body of heater is by grey a heatable brick bed, burner hearth, burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism, shoot door, firing door, secondary furnace and grate Composition, grate be located at that body of heater is interior and split body of heater, and the top of grate is burner hearth, lower section is grey a heatable brick bed, and secondary furnace is located on burner hearth Fang Bingyu burner hearths penetrate, and burner hearth is provided with firing door, and grey a heatable brick bed is provided with shoot door, and burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism is connected with burner hearth. The invention uses burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism, according to the change of barn heating demand in Tobacco Leaf Curing, timely adjustment burner hearth Capacity, realize heating according to need, and ensure it is coal-fired fully, efficient burning.

Under the big situation that country advocates energy-saving and emission-reduction, green low-carbon, low consumption environmental protection, depletion of non-renewable resources is reduced, The beautiful living environment of protection be benefit the nation and the people, the inevitable behave for the offspring that benefits future generations.The also a piece of pure blue sky of cigarette district, is tobacco Industry and enterprise obligation one can't decline, for this, applicant actively seeks the alternative energy source progress tobacco flue-curing of coal.

A kind of baking equipment for preparatory treatment of tobacco is provided in our previous application CN201610037314.8, including heater, Humidity-discharging device and controller, heater include biomass combustion furnace, are connected with the smoke outlet tube of biomass combustion furnace Heat exchanger, the circulating fan for heat air delivery and the feeding device that feeding is carried out to the biomass combustion furnace, charging dress Put the helical feed part that biomass combustion furnace charging aperture is delivered to including hopper and by the material at the hopper outlet；Row Wet device includes moisture exhausting port and the moistureproof window being arranged at moisture exhausting port；Aerator, circulating fan in biomass combustion furnace with And helical feed part is connected with controller.Using the technical scheme of this application, there is advantages below：Overall structure is simplified； It is practical by the integrated design of heater, humidity-discharging device and control device；Heat is provided using biomass combustion furnace Can, it is green.

But biological particles are in suspension combustion state in burner hearth in the biomass combustion furnace being related in such scheme, although It burns can relatively fully, but the density of biomass granule fuel is not low results in the need for providing many energy sides for its suspension combustion It can guarantee that efficiency of combustion, the economy of the program is relatively low.And if fail to cause the biological particles in the combustion furnace to keep good Suspended state, then be also easy to produce in the combustion furnace coking caking and can not clean-burning problem.Further, run into the burst such as power failure During accident, the combustion furnace can only stop work and abandon.In addition, the heat exchange efficiency of the corresponding heat exchanger of the combustion furnace equally has much room for improvement. Therefore, this area needs to develop a kind of for the new combustion furnace of biomass granule fuel combustion heat supplying, heat exchanger and corresponding A whole set of heating equipment so that have safe and environment-friendly, efficient and economic characteristic during biomass granule fuel combustion heat supplying concurrently.

The content of the invention

Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment, and the heating equipment includes combustion furnace 1, changed Hot device 2, the concentration feeding system 3 and barn 4 for providing for combustion furnace biomass granule fuel, the heat exchanger 2 are used to connect In one end of horizontal converter nose 14 of combustion furnace 1, the barn 4 includes heat supply room 41, and the heat exchanger 2 is arranged in heat supply room 41, The combustion furnace 1 and concentration feeding system 3 are arranged on outside barn 4；The concentration feeding system 3 is used to be two or more combustion furnace 1 concentrates offer biomass granule fuel, and the concentration feeding system 3 includes the Material sucking machine 31 containing vavuum pump, storage vat 32, two Above aspirating air pipe more than 33, two charging lines 34, auger feed mechanism 35, feeding distribution joint, two or more magnetic valves 36th, two or more vacuum hopper 37 and two or more weight valve 38；The storage vat 32 is used to leave biological particles combustion concentratedly Material, auger feed mechanism 35 is provided with its bottom and the feeding for granular fuel to be sent into different charging lines 34 distributes Joint, the vacuum hopper 37, which is arranged at the top of combustion furnace, to be used to be fed for the hopper 11 in combustion furnace, and the magnetic valve 36 is set Put on the aspirating air pipe 33 being connected in vacuum hopper 37 with vavuum pump, the weight valve 38 is arranged on the bottom of vacuum hopper 37；Very When magnetic valve 36 on empty pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe 33 is opened, under vacuum action, the aspirating air pipe 33 The weight valve 38 of the corresponding bottom of vacuum hopper 37 remains closed, and biomass granule fuel is sent into through corresponding charging line and is somebody's turn to do In vacuum hopper 37；When the magnetic valve 36 is closed, the biomass in vacuum hopper 37 of the weight valve 38 after vacuum is unloaded Open and be fed from the hopper 11 in trend combustion furnace under the self gravitation effect of grain fuel.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heating equipment is tobacco flue-curing heating equipment, and the barn is also Including hanging smoke-box 42 and the insulated wall 43 between heat supply room 41 and extension smoke-box 42, and high circulated at low velocity is additionally provided with barn Blower fan 46 is used to drive air to circulate between heat supply room 41 and extension smoke-box 42.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes converter nose 14, and the converter nose 14 includes horizontal setting Converter nose 141 and the outer converter nose 142 of truncated cone-shaped, form hollow ventilated area 146, the interior stove in cylinder between interior converter nose and outer converter nose The burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside mouth, the bottom of converter nose offers air vent and is used to be biomass in Horizontal cylinder Grain fuel combustion provides air；Interior converter nose axial direction one end is connected with the bottom for the feed pipe 13 that burns, and the axial other end is used to insert In the heat exchanger 2 being connected with combustion furnace 1；Axial one end that outer converter nose is equally used for inserting in the heat exchanger 2 is miner diameter end 1421, outer converter nose is its bigger diameter end 1422 close to axial one end of burning feed pipe, and the inwall of outer converter nose miner diameter end 1421 arrives Radial distance between interior converter nose outer wall is that the circumferential weld width d of bocca periphery is 0.8~5mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes burning air supply system 15, the burning air supply system 15 small blower fan 151, air blower 152 and matching air boxs 153 including being sequentially connected in series, the small blower fan are charged pool power supply and blower fan work( For rate in 10~200w blower fan, the air blower 152 is that power of fan is more than small power of fan and for providing master for combustion furnace The blower fan for the fresh air wanted, the matching air box 153 includes multiple outlets in parallel for distributing fresh air and it, described more Individual outlet in parallel is connected with main ajutage 154, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 respectively.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes slag removal mechanism 16, and the slag removal mechanism includes level The slagging-off of setting is provided with tooth push rod and the slagging-off motor 161 of passing power and gear 165, is arranged with tooth push rod 162, for slagging-off It is described in slagging-off rod bush 163, the push rod directive wheel 164 that for slagging-off with tooth push rod is oriented to of the slagging-off with tooth push rod radial outside The axial one end of slagging-off with tooth push rod is arranged in the burner hearth that converter nose 141 is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, slagging-off band tooth The axial other end of push rod is arranged on outside burner hearth and controls the level of push rod to push away slag motion by controller.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 includes the secondary combustion chamber 21 positioned at bottom, is arranged on two In secondary combustion chamber and for being carried out to flame and the deduster of high temperature fume dust removal 22, for the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting and air The radiator 23 of heat exchange and the chimney 24 for the flue gas discharge heat exchanger after heat exchange；The deduster 22 includes connecting Connect the converter nose 14 and the fume inlet passage 225 for the flame and high-temperature flue gas that are laterally sprayed in converter nose to be introduced in heat exchanger, Two axial directions for being connected to the end of fume inlet passage 225 are arranged at the cylindrical dedusting main body 222 of vertical direction, positioned at two circles The intersubjective flame kicker baffle 221 of cylindricality dedusting and top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and with cylinder The frustum structure 223 that dedusting main body is coaxially disposed, the flame kicker baffle 221 are vertically arranged and are used for the flame and height Warm flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two cylindrical dedusting main bodys, the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure 223 in upper and miner diameter end under, Its bigger diameter end is connected with cylindrical dedusting body seal so that flame and high-temperature flue gas after fume inlet passage enters deduster, Rotated under the guide effect of flame kicker baffle in cylindrical dedusting main body, then the center taper through hole shape from frustum structure Into flue gas rising passway 224 in flow out deduster and enter the radiator 23.

In a kind of specific embodiment, two cylindrical dedusting main bodys are tangent to be set and sets up separately in fume inlet passage high temperature The left and right sides in flow of flue gas direction, the Breadth Maximum m that fume inlet passage projects in the horizontal plane are less than or equal to two frustum structures The beeline n that projects in the horizontal plane of miner diameter end.

In a kind of specific embodiment, built in the inwall of secondary combustion chamber 21 of the heat exchanger and be provided with refractory brick, and The heat exchanger is split settings, using flange by the scarfing cinder pipeline of split settings, secondary combustion chamber 21, radiator in heat exchanger 23 and chimney 24 is corresponding connects, and also using flange by the section and in upper nothing of being laid bricks under of the split settings of secondary combustion chamber 21 Brick section connects；Scarfing cinder drawer and matched scarfing cinder rake are additionally provided with the breast hole.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the ratio of the diameter and bigger diameter end diameter of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure is 1：1.5~5.

In a kind of specific embodiment, high low speed circulating fan 46 drives air from the heat supply room at the top of insulated wall 43 Return air inlet 44 enters heat supply room 41, and flows out heat supply room 41 from the heat supply room air outlet 45 of the bottom of insulated wall 43 and enter and hang smoke-box 42；The extension smoke-box 42 is provided with extension smoke-box gate 421 and passed in and out for personnel and material, and cold wind import is additionally provided with the barn 47。

Heating equipment provided by the invention：1) each device is mostly one time punching molded using shaping dies in heating equipment, All blankings use laser blanking, and all welding are welded using mechanical hand, ensure that heating equipment dispatches from the factory the consistent of product Property and versatility.2) the intelligent integrated networked control systems of heating equipment provided by the invention have fully automatic operation, automatic ignition, Automatically control firepower, self-skimming, lack the functions such as material prompting, abnormal alarm.

Heating equipment practicality reasonable in design provided by the invention, safety and environmental protection, high-effective and labour-saving, reduces cost, saves Resource, operating efficiency and Business Economic Benefit are improved, be adapted to popularity to use.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the part-structure schematic diagram of baking equipment for preparatory treatment of tobacco (heating equipment),

Fig. 2 is furnace interior structure chart, and wherein Fig. 2 a are right side block diagram, and Fig. 2 b are main structure figure, and Fig. 2 c are Left side block diagram,

Fig. 3 is converter nose and slag removal mechanism schematic diagram in combustion furnace, and wherein Fig. 3 a are front view, and Fig. 3 b are left side view,

Fig. 4 is the cooperation schematic diagram of interior converter nose and outer converter nose in right side view in Fig. 3 a,

Fig. 5 is the burning air supply system structural representation of combustion furnace,

Fig. 6 is combustion furnace and heat exchanger installation diagram, and wherein Fig. 6 a are front view, and Fig. 6 b are left side view, and Fig. 6 c are vertical view Figure,

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of heat exchanger shown in Fig. 5, and wherein Fig. 7 a are its left view cut-away view, and Fig. 7 b is thereafter Depending on structural representation,

Fig. 8 is the deduster structural representation in heat exchanger, and wherein Fig. 8 a are its front view, and Fig. 8 b are that its left view is (right Answer the rearview shown in Fig. 7 b), Fig. 8 c are its top view,

Fig. 9 is the concentration feeding system schematic diagram of five disjunctor cured tobacco curing houses,

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for concentrating single feeding device in feeding system.

In figure：1st, combustion furnace, 11, hopper, 12, helical blade feeder, 13, burning feed pipe, 14, converter nose, 15, burning Air supply system, 16, slag removal mechanism, 17, burning distribution plenum；

121st, feeding motor；

141st, interior converter nose, 142, outer converter nose, 1421, miner diameter end, 1422, bigger diameter end, 143, flame watch window, 144, temperature Spend inductive probe, 145, igniter, 146, hollow ventilated area；

151st, small blower fan, 152, air blower, 153, matching air box, 154, main ajutage, 155, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage, 156th, other purposes ajutages；

161st, remove the gred motor, and 162, slagging-off band tooth push rod, 163, slagging-off rod bush, 164, push rod directive wheel, 165, gear, 166th, electronic induction limit switch, 167, mechanical trip limit switch；

181st, fence, 182, lack material warning device, 183, support frame, 184, separated material lock, 185, electric box, 186, adjustable Height castor；

2nd, heat exchanger, 21, secondary combustion chamber, 22, deduster, 23, radiator, 24, chimney, 25, breast hole, 26, deashing Mouthful, 27, heat exchanger bracing frame；

221st, flame kicker baffle, 222, cylindrical dedusting main body, 223, frustum structure, 224, flue gas rising passway, 225th, heat exchanger flame spray entrance (fume inlet passage)；

231st, radiator bobbin carriage, 232, fin radiator, 233, radiating light pipe；

3rd, feeding system is concentrated, 31, the Material sucking machine containing vavuum pump, 32, storage vat, 33, aspirating air pipe, 330, air entry, 34th, charging line, 340, material sucking port, 35, auger feed mechanism, 36, magnetic valve, 37, vacuum hopper, 371, screen pack, 38, again Power valve；

4th, barn, 41, heat supply room, 42, hang smoke-box, 421, hang smoke-box gate, 43, insulated wall, 44, heat supply room return air inlet, 45th, heat supply room air outlet, 46, high low speed circulating fan, 47, cold wind import.

Embodiment

The present invention heating equipment and wherein each part will be described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, but the protection model of the present invention Enclose and be not limited to that.

First, the combustion furnace in heating equipment：

1) biomass granule fuel

The present invention's is applicable fuel mainly including the biomass with wood chip, tabacco straw, soybean stalk, rice husk etc. for raw material Particle.The biological particles are crushed for raw material and the cylindrical pellet of extrusion molding (or compression forming), its particle diameter (diameter) For 3~20mm, preferably 5~10mm, particle length is generally less than 6cm, and preferably particle length is 2~5cm.The biological particles The density of fuel is ＞ 1g/cm³, preferably its density is 1.05~1.3g/cm³。

2) converter nose in combustion furnace

As shown in figures 1-4, present invention firstly provides the converter nose in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, the converter nose 14 to include sleeping Converter nose 141 and the outer converter nose 142 of truncated cone-shaped, form hollow ventilated area 146 in the cylinder that formula is set between interior converter nose and outer converter nose, The burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside the interior converter nose, the bottom of converter nose, which offers air vent and is used for, in Horizontal cylinder is Biomass granule fuel burning provides air；Interior converter nose axial direction one end is connected with the bottom for the feed pipe 13 that burns, the axial other end For inserting in the heat exchanger 2 being connected with combustion furnace 1；Axial one end that outer converter nose is equally used for inserting in the heat exchanger 2 is Miner diameter end 1421, outer converter nose are its bigger diameter end 1422 close to axial one end of burning feed pipe, and outer converter nose miner diameter end 1421 Inwall to the circumferential weld width d that the radial distance between interior converter nose outer wall is bocca periphery be 0.8~5mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the external diameter of the interior converter nose is 159mm, and the external diameter of outer converter nose bigger diameter end is 214mm.In a kind of specific embodiment, the circumferential weld width d is 1~3mm, preferably 1.5~2.5mm, for example, 2mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, in nearly heat exchanger one end, interior converter nose is concordant with the axial length of outer converter nose, and In closely burning feed pipe one end, the axial length of interior converter nose is more than the axial length of outer converter nose, and is longer than outer converter nose in interior converter nose Axially one section of radial outside be provided with the burning distribution plenum 17 at the converter nose end in parcel.The burning distribution plenum is suitable first In a buffer container, for accessing the fresh air come from air blower, and be distributed to combustion furnace burner hearth and In secondary combustion chamber.

In a kind of specific embodiment, a diameter of 2~10mm of the air vent of interior converter nose bottom, quantity be 20~ 200.On the one hand the design of air vent is to ensure that to provide the fresh air of abundance in burner hearth, while ensure the biology in burner hearth Matter particle do not fall out to hollow ventilated area or burning distribution plenum in, and can accurately design its size, quantity and distribution and Design circumferential weld size make it that the air-supply ratio of the second-time burning in primary combustion and heat exchanger in burner hearth is suitable.A kind of specific Embodiment in, a diameter of 3~7mm of the air vent of interior converter nose bottom, quantity be 40~100；Specifically, the ventilation Hole is, for example, the equal cloth hole that diameter 5mm quantity is 70.

In a kind of specific embodiment, also include slag removal mechanism 16 in the converter nose, and the slag removal mechanism be with The self-skimming mechanism of controller electrical connection, for the clinker in interior converter nose and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout part to be pushed into Second-time burning is carried out in heat exchanger 2.

The discharge nozzle for also including being arranged in burning feed pipe in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose is prevented back Fiery ajutage 155, the air supply direction of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage is consistent with the feed direction of biomass granule fuel, uses In preventing the stove fire in burner hearth from burning in hopper, while to provide another way combustion-supporting fresh air in burner hearth.A kind of specific Embodiment in, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage be two, its blow out wind down fuel is blown into converter nose.

In a kind of specific embodiment, flame watch window 143, the flame observation window are also included in the converter nose Mouth is cylindrical structural, and its axial one end is goed deep into burner hearth, and the axial other end is arranged on outer converter nose radial outside；In the converter nose Also include being used to survey the temperature sense probe 144 for setting fire box temperature and the igniter 145 for igniting；The flame observation window Other purposes ajutages 156 are provided with by mouth, temperature sense probe and igniter to be used to prevent stove fire from damaging workpiece；And The temperature sense probe, igniter, for in burner hearth provide biomass granule fuel helical blade feeder 12 and Burning air supply system 15 for providing combustion air for combustion furnace is electrically connected with the controller.In a kind of specific embodiment In, the igniter is silicon nitride igniter.The setting of the flame watch window and temperature sense probe causes staff Can be flame-out to be whether there is in accurate judgement combustion furnace.

Converter nose beneficial effect：The hollow ventilated area 146 of converter nose provided by the invention and interior converter nose and outer converter nose miner diameter end Between the setting of circumferential weld cause：1) there is more stable air pressure in hollow ventilated area, more stable burning situation is provided for burner hearth, 2) Burnt again after air in hollow ventilated area is preheated, be advantageous to improve efficiency of combustion, 3) provided in burning air supply system Fresh air can enter through this approach in heat exchanger and cause clinker obtained by biomass granule fuel or its primary combustion and a small amount of Not sufficiently combusted clout is able to carry out sufficient second-time burning in heat exchanger, 4) size of circumferential weld width and burner hearth bottom lead to The matched design of air holes size may be such that primary combustion of the biomass granule fuel in burner hearth and the secondary combustion in heat exchanger Burn regulation and arrive desirable level so that efficiency of combustion is maximum.

The processing of converter nose：Converter nose uses 310S high temperature resistant stainless steel materials in burning.310S high temperature resistant stainless steels are a kind of Austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel, it has good inoxidizability and corrosion resistance, because the chromium and nickel of higher percent, gather around it Have good more creep strengths, can continuous operation at high temperature, there is good heat-resisting quantity, its resistant to elevated temperatures temperature is not less than 1150℃.When making converter nose in burning, high-precision sawing machine cutting is first passed through, then puts face work on lathe, finally puts and adds on drilling machine The a number of air vent of work.The design of converter nose has taken into full account the characteristic of biomass granule fuel in combustion furnace, and its structure is set Meter is reasonable, ensures full combustion of fuel.The outer converter nose of burning is cast using the one-shot forming of high temperature spheroidal graphite cast-iron, the temperature tolerance of its material Can be not less than 1000 DEG C and with the indeformable characteristic under high-temperature medium.The converter nose of the present invention is using high temperature resistant, etch-proof For the interior converter nose that 310S stainless steels make as burner hearth inner bag, its service life is more than 10 times of other common materials.

3) slag removal mechanism in combustion furnace

See Fig. 3, the present invention provides the self-skimming mechanism in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, including horizontally disposed slagging-off band Tooth push rod 162, is provided with tooth push rod for slagging-off and the slagging-off motor 161 of passing power and gear 165, be set in slagging-off and push away with tooth Slagging-off rod bush 163, the push rod directive wheel 164 being oriented to for slagging-off with tooth push rod of bar radial outside, the slagging-off band tooth push rod Axial one end be arranged in the burner hearth that converter nose 141 is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, remove the gred axially another with tooth push rod One end is arranged on outside burner hearth and controls the level of push rod to push away slag motion by controller.In the present invention, teeth portion and slagging-off on gear With the teeth portion matching in tooth push rod so that pinion rotation drives the push rod horizontal movement.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the self-skimming mechanism also includes electronic induction limit switch 166 and machine Tool lead limit switch 167 is used to limit the start-stop position that slagging-off is moved in the horizontal direction with tooth push rod.In the present invention, the electricity Son sensing limit switch 166 and mechanical trip limit switch 167 are arranged at the same one end of slagging-off with the axial direction of tooth push rod 162, Spacing (duplicate protection) moves damage to ensure that converter nose structure will not be retracted by push rod when being retracted for push rod.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the push rod directive wheel 164 and gear 165 are separately positioned on slagging-off band tooth and pushed away Relevant position above and below bar.

Also include being arranged on slagging-off band tooth push rod axial direction one end in a kind of specific embodiment, in the slag removal mechanism And it is arranged on the dreg pushing board in burner hearth.Preferably, the horizontal Breadth Maximum of the dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/ of interior converter nose internal diameter 3, the height of dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/3 of interior converter nose internal diameter.It is highly preferred that the horizontal Breadth Maximum of the dreg pushing board is interior stove The 1/10~1/4 of mouth internal diameter, the height of dreg pushing board are the 1/10~1/4 of interior converter nose internal diameter.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the dreg pushing board is arc plate or rectangular slab.The arc plate is for example in half Circle, crescent, rectangle or square, the biological particles stove that the dreg pushing board being so designed that will can burn in burner hearth in appropriate amount In slag and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout push-in heat exchanger, and ensure that appropriate biomass granule fuel stays in burner hearth simultaneously In.

Beneficial effect：Self-skimming mechanism provided by the invention automatically controls regular slagging-off, anti-fuel coking caking, and institute State push rod and stir burner hearth bottom in time to prevent air vent from blocking, it is ensured that efficiency of combustion.In addition, combustion furnace is released by push rod Clinker and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout in heat exchanger can also second-time burning, further improve efficiency of combustion.The present invention carries The self-skimming mechanism of confession is in slag removal, it is possible to part biological matter granular fuel is pushed into heat exchanger, because push-in is changed Biomass granule fuel in hot device 2 can carry out second-time burning, thus self-skimming process will not detract efficiency of combustion completely.

Self-skimming mechanism uses material and processing：Slagging-off therein uses diameter 25mm 310S high temperature resistants not with tooth push rod Become rusty round steel machine add-on type, has the characteristics that high intensity, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, meets duty requirements.Using bipolar caging system control System (mechanical and electronic type) push rod moves back and forth, and reaches preferable self-skimming effect.

4) the burning air supply system in combustion furnace

See Fig. 5 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides the burning air supply system in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, the burning supply system System 15 includes small blower fan 151, air blower 152 and the matching air box 153 being sequentially connected in series, and the small blower fan is charged pool power supply and blower fan For power in 10~200w blower fan, the air blower 152 is that power of fan is more than small power of fan and for being provided for combustion furnace The blower fan of main fresh air, the matching air box 153 includes multiple outlets in parallel for distributing fresh air and it, described Multiple outlets in parallel are connected with main ajutage 154, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 respectively.

The burning air supply system is the beneficial effect that combustion furnace is brought：The small blower fan of charged pool is provided with the present invention 151, even if combustion furnace is in power down mode work, small blower fan can also provide a certain amount of fresh air for burning, more important , small blower fan can be that discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 provide enough skies during power failure Gas will not also damage such as igniter, the glass plate of flame observation window, temperature sense to ensure that stove fire will not burn into hopper The workpiece such as should pop one's head in, and when having a power failure, can optionally open, close or adjust the valve on main ajutage 154.Institute of the present invention State burning air supply system and provide a kind of safe and efficient working environment for biomass combustion furnace.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the power of the small blower fan is 15~100w, preferably 20~50w；The drum The power of blower fan is 150~800w, preferably 200~500w.Specifically, the power of the small blower fan and air blower is for example distinguished For 25w and 250w.In a kind of specific embodiment, the small blower fan is centrifugal blower.In a kind of specific embodiment In, air blower when lighting a fire of starting shooting is closed and only opens the small blower fan, and keeps small blower fan to continue after blower opening Work, it can prevent from being tempered when having a power failure.The small blower fan can be equipped with service message and battery dual power supply, in normal operation, with electricity Net power supply, and storage battery power supply is enabled automatically when having a power failure.Independent anti-backfire is provided with the burning air supply system of the present invention to fill Put, any in particular cases all without the phenomenon for occurring being tempered detonation.

In a kind of specific embodiment, other purposes ajutages include igniter ajutage 156a, temperature sense Should be popped one's head in ajutage 156b and flame watch window ajutage 156c.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the other end of the main ajutage 154 and the burning distribution plenum 17 of combustion furnace It is connected to be sent into fresh air power-assisted biomass granule fuel from interior converter nose bottom vents and is burnt in burner hearth, and from ring Fresh air is provided for heat exchanger carry out second-time burning at seam；The other end of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 is passed through combustion Burn prevents the stove fire in burner hearth from burning into hopper 11 into burner hearth inside feed pipe 13 while feeding fresh air.This area skill Art personnel are understood that the other end of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 can also not be passed directly into burning feed pipe Inside 13, but it is passed through to be set directly at and is equiped with the pipe of helical blade feeder 12, then the road fresh air is passed through again Burn in feed pipe and enter in burner hearth.

5) other structures in combustion furnace

As shown in Fig. 1~5, the combustion furnace 1 also includes being used to insert in heat exchanger 2 and interfaced converter nose 14, use Hopper 11 in storage biomass granule fuel, the helical blade feeder 12 for biomass granule fuel to be sent into converter nose Slag removal mechanism with burning feed pipe 13, for being pushed into the clinker in converter nose and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout in heat exchanger 16 and it is distributed to burning distribution plenum combustion-supporting in converter nose and heat exchanger for the fresh air that provides of air supply system 15 that will burn 17。

In the present invention, flame is sprayed from converter nose in the horizontal direction, and flame is laterally burnt into heat exchanger, and flame level sprays The distance of converter nose end is usually 30~150cm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the helical blade feeder 12 is drawn by feeding motor 121, and the combustion Burning stove also includes being arranged on the fence 181 that the top of hopper 11 is used for auxiliary storage, the scarce material report being arranged at the top of burning feed pipe Alarm device 182, the support frame 183 for supporting each part in combustion furnace, the feed hopper bottom of combustion furnace is arranged on for electric The passage and play the separated material lock 184 of anti-backfire, be used for that physics is blocked between feed hopper bottom and helical blade feeder during failure The caster with adjustable height for showing and manipulating the electric box 185 of automatically controlled information and highly adjusted for combustion furnace movement and converter nose 186。

Beneficial effect：Firepower size in combustion furnace of the present invention can accurately be controlled by control system, specific main If control the start and stop of helical blade feeder 12 and control firepower size.Such as set-up of control system is friction feeding 8s and stopped Have a rest and continue periodicity feeding after 5s, now stove fire is more prosperous, and friction feeding 5s and rests and continue stove fire during periodicity feeding after 5s It is smaller.In specific control process, we can be of different sizes according to required firepower and be divided into multiple firepower gears, such as 10 Shelves, then its feeding rule is programmed and controlled for each firepower gear；Meanwhile to the slagging-off frequency of each firepower gear It is programmed and automatically controls.In a kind of specific embodiment, we are according to temperature feedback in the extension smoke-box of barn come automatic Firepower size or firepower gear are controlled, and slagging-off frequency is automatically controlled according to firepower size or firepower gear.

Support frame 183 uses material and processing：From 40*40 square tube sections, first cut through high precision numerical control sawing machine, then put Welded in fixing mould, keep the uniformity of size.

Helical blade feeder uses material and processing：The core component of helical blade feeder is helical blade and spiral Axle.Helical blade selects Q345 low-alloy steel, and material good under laser blanking machine is added in helical blade former and rushed Pressure.Helical axis is quenched through high-temperature heat treatment from 45# round steel, and hardness is up to 260~300HBS.

2nd, the heat exchanger in heating equipment：

A kind of heat exchanger is provided in Fig. 6~8, the heat exchanger 2 is used for the one end of horizontal converter nose 14 for being connected to combustion furnace 1, The heat exchanger 2 includes the secondary combustion chamber 21 positioned at bottom, is arranged in second-time burning room and for flame and high temperature cigarette The deduster 22 of gas dedusting, carry out the radiator 23 of heat exchange for the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting and air and handed over for heat The chimney 24 of flue gas discharge heat exchanger after changing；The deduster 22 includes connecting the converter nose 14 and for will be in converter nose laterally Fume inlet passage 225 that the flame and high-temperature flue gas of ejection are introduced in heat exchanger, two axial directions for being connected to the end of fume inlet passage 225 It is arranged at the cylindrical dedusting main body 222 of vertical direction, positioned at two cylindrical intersubjective flame kicker baffles of dedusting 221 and the top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and the frustum structure that is coaxially disposed with cylindrical dedusting main body 223, the flame kicker baffle 221 be vertically arranged and for by the flame and high-temperature flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two cylinders In dedusting main body, for the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure 223 in upper and miner diameter end under, its bigger diameter end and cylindrical dedusting main body are close Envelope connection so that flame and high-temperature flue gas are after fume inlet passage enters deduster, in the guide effect backspin of flame kicker baffle Rotate into cylindrical dedusting main body, then flowed out in the flue gas rising passway 224 formed from the center taper through hole of frustum structure Deduster and enter the radiator 23.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that, the frustum structure is, for example, frustum cone structure, but for ease of machining, is led to The frustum structure is often arranged to polygonal frustum structure, such as the polygonal frustum structure at 10~30 angles, a kind of specific real Apply in mode is 18 angles.During processing, sector structure material (one piece of fan-shaped strip sheet) good under laser is rolled over into 17 knives through bar folder Form frustum mechanism.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the fume inlet passage 225 is arranged to rhs-structure, and fume inlet passage 225 to Few one end be connected in the longitudinal direction with converter nose 14 is provided with channel base plate breach, for slag removal mechanism 16 push away the clinker come with A small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout is fallen in the secondary combustion chamber 21 of heat exchanger 2 from there.Skilled artisans will appreciate that , the rhs-structure of fume inlet passage 225 can also be not provided with bottom plate, and this can't influence the efficiency of dust collection of deduster.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 also includes the breast hole 25 positioned at exchanger base, is located at The cleaning door 26 of the flue end of radiator 23 and the heat exchanger bracing frame 27 for supporting each part of heat exchanger；It is described Radiator 23 includes radiator bobbin carriage 231 and the fin radiator 232 being arranged in radiator bobbin carriage 231 and radiating light pipe 233, the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting is introduced into lower floor's fin radiator, after middle level fin radiator and upper strata radiating light pipe from cigarette Chimney is discharged, and air enters radiator above radiator bobbin carriage 231, and is flowed from top to bottom outside radiating tube, and absorption comes from The high temperature air of heat flows out from the bottom of heat exchanger 2 in high-temperature flue gas；Lower floor's fin radiator is five and be arranged in parallel On sustained height, the middle level fin radiator is four and is set in parallel on sustained height, and radiate light pipe on the upper strata For five non-finned being set in parallel on sustained height light pipes.Skilled artisans will appreciate that, in every layer of radiating tube Four or flue gas while co-flow in five radiating tubes.Flue-gas temperature in the radiating light pipe on upper strata is not high, thus Without adding the fin of increase heat exchange area to it, if necessary, naturally it is also possible to which fin is added to it.Alternatively, it is also possible to set Put more layers radiating tube or every layer sets more roots or less root radiating tube, this is all feasible.

In a kind of specific embodiment, radiate light pipe on lower floor's fin radiator, middle level fin radiator and upper strata In one end of every hot channel be provided with cleaning door 26 and deashing lid.Compared in the prior art in every layer of hot channel One end jointly set a deashing lid for, mode provided by the invention can cause the better tightness of radiating tube, heat exchange The heat exchange efficiency of device is higher.

In a kind of specific embodiment, built in the inwall of secondary combustion chamber 21 of the heat exchanger and be provided with refractory brick, and The heat exchanger is split settings, using flange by the scarfing cinder pipeline of split settings, secondary combustion chamber 21, radiator in heat exchanger 23 and chimney 24 is corresponding connects, and also using flange by the section and in upper nothing of being laid bricks under of the split settings of secondary combustion chamber 21 Brick section connects；Scarfing cinder drawer and matched scarfing cinder rake are additionally provided with the breast hole.In the present invention, heat exchanger Second-time burning room in build set refractory brick make it have very strong heat insulating ability and mitigate steel plate degree of oxidation.Heat exchanger is group Dress formula structure, its installation operation is convenient, and maintenance and repair is easy in flange connection, and is not required to mechanical unloading installation, its processing safety By force.In addition, the present invention also sets flue in secondary combustion chamber in upper no brick section, it is specifically located above deduster.

Those skilled in the art know ground, and cyclone separator is that the one kind separated for gas-solid system or liquid-solid system is set Standby, its operation principle causes rotary motion to be introduced tangentially into by air-flow, makes the solid particle or liquid with larger centrifugal inertial force Drop, which is got rid of to outside wall surface, to be separated.The advantages of deduster in the present invention draws cyclone separator, and frustum structure 223 is further set So that the deduster is more suitable for separating the dust come from the flame and high-temperature flue gas laterally gone out in combustion furnace 1.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the ratio of the diameter and bigger diameter end diameter of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure is 1：1.5~5.In a kind of specific embodiment, the diameter of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure and the ratio of bigger diameter end diameter For 1：2~4, the deduster being so designed that can give the flame and high-temperature flue gas that are introduced in the present invention in heat exchanger to play optimal remove Dirt effect.

The beneficial effect brought by present invention heat exchanger：The heat exchanger of the present invention uses the cyclone type dedusting of special structure Device, by dust caused by burning after cyclone dust collectors sedimentation separation, the high-temperature flue gas after purification can reach national environmental protection row Put standard (smokeless and dust free).

Secondary combustion chamber in present invention heat exchanger is divided into two sections.Set and adapted in it on four perisporiums of lower intersegmental part The refractory brick of wall size.The thickness of refractory brick is 30mm~50mm, is tiled and formed using high temperature clay.Epimere is internally provided with rotation Wind deduster, it can effectively prevent caused dust in combustion process from entering the finned tube of radiator.Secondary combustion chamber (specifically changes Hot device flame entrance 225) docked tightly with the outer converter nose of combustion furnace.

Secondary combustion chamber 21 in present invention heat exchanger is made using acid resisting steel thick 4mm, the flue gas in secondary combustion chamber Pipeline is fastenedly connected with radiator 23 using combined type, it is ensured that sealing；Radiator 23 is made using acidproof steel or stainless steel, radiating Area >=9m², heat exchange efficiency >=57.8%.

Chimney in present invention heat exchanger usesRound steel pipe make, one end is connected with radiator, another End is stretched out outside the wall of heat supply room to be connected with civil engineering chimney, and all junctions ensure to seal.

In the present invention, after combustion furnace docks with heat exchanger, converter nose apart from the secondary combustion chamber bottom of heat exchanger height away from From for 200~300mm, for example, 250mm so that secondary combustion chamber bottom can store waste residue, and and can carries out secondary fully combustion Burn, moreover it is possible to buffer raising up for dust, reduce the deposition in radiating tube, (each baking season cleaning one of deashing number can be reduced It is secondary), labor intensity is reduced, improves heat utilization rate.

Full-automatic control system in heating equipment provided by the invention has following features：

1) possesses one-key start function.

2) possesses the fully automatic operation pattern for bulk curing barn tobacco flue-curing flow.

3) running status can be preserved by having a power failure extremely in running, can be connected operation after being re-energised automatically.

4) possess (reserved) centralized Control and internet of things functional.

5) possesses automatic firing function：Without manual intervention Full-automatic ignition, can interpolate that in burner hearth whether it is flame-out and from Dynamic rekindling.

6) running status can be shown：Current firepower size, running status, fire box temperature can be shown.

7) possesses self-skimming function：Self-skimming, ensure combustion furnace normal operation.

8) possess and lack material alarm：Sound and light alarm, SMS remind (optional).

9) possess preceding scavenging, rear scavenging and flame-out security function, prevent from being tempered detonation.

3rd, the concentration feeding system in heating equipment：

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel and concentrates feeding system, described to concentrate feed System 3, which is used to concentrate for two or more combustion furnace 1, provides biomass granule fuel, and the concentration feeding system 3 includes containing vacuum The aspirating air pipe more than 33, two of Material sucking machine 31, storage vat more than 32, two charging line 34, the auger feed mechanism 35 of pump, send Expect distribution joint, two or more magnetic valve 36, two or more vacuum hopper 37 and two or more weight valve 38；The storage vat 32 For leaving biomass granule fuel concentratedly, auger feed mechanism (35) is provided with its bottom and for granular fuel to be sent into The feeding distribution joint of different charging lines 34, the vacuum hopper 37, which is arranged at the top of combustion furnace, to be used to be in combustion furnace Hopper 11 is fed, and the magnetic valve 36 is arranged on the aspirating air pipe 33 that vacuum hopper 37 is connected with vavuum pump, the weight valve 38 are arranged on the bottom of vacuum hopper 37；When magnetic valve 36 on vacuum pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe 33 is opened, Under vacuum action, the weight valve 38 of the bottom of vacuum hopper 37 remains closed corresponding to the aspirating air pipe 33, and biological particles Fuel is sent into the vacuum hopper 37 through corresponding charging line；When the magnetic valve 36 is closed, the gravity after vacuum is unloaded Valve 38 is opened under the self gravitation effect of biomass granule fuel in vacuum hopper 37 and from the hopper 11 in trend combustion furnace Feed.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that, every barn of bulk curing barn can typically prepare a combustion furnace 1 and one Heat exchanger 2, thus set up five combustion furnaces separately outside five disjunctor barns as shown in Figure 9, use concentration feeding system of the present invention Can be that above-mentioned five combustion furnaces are fed.Specifically, can be that concentration confession is used alone in certain combustion furnace in some period Material system or there are two or more combustion furnaces in some period while use the concentration feeding system.In the present invention, The auger feed mechanism is also known as screw feed mechanism, and its main function is stirring fuel and fuel is sent into institute from storage vat State in feeding distribution joint.Stirring structure therein can prevent biomass granule fuel from blocking the feeding distribution joint.Institute Stating auger feed mechanism 35 can be identical or different with the helical blade feeder 12 in combustion furnace 1, but typically the two is used not With the machine of model, for example, the two blade diameter is different or pitch is different and causes the feeding ability of the two different.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the internal diameter of the aspirating air pipe 33 is 20~150mm, the charging line 34 Internal diameter be 20~150mm.In a kind of specific embodiment, the internal diameter of the aspirating air pipe 33 is 30~120mm, preferably 40~100mm, specifically for example, 50mm.The internal diameter of the charging line 34 is 30~120mm, preferably 40~100mm, concrete example Such as it is 50mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the air entry 330 connected on vacuum hopper with the aspirating air pipe is positioned at true On the roof of empty hopper, the material sucking port 340 connected on vacuum hopper with the charging line is located at the upper of the side wall of vacuum hopper Portion；The top of the vacuum hopper is provided with screen pack 371, and the material sucking port 340 on vacuum hopper is located at below screen pack, vacuum Air entry 330 on hopper is located above screen pack, and the magnetic valve is Unidirectional solenoid valve, and the vavuum pump is liquid-ring type vacuum Pump.The setting of screen pack can prevent biomass granule fuel to be drawn in vavuum pump.In a kind of specific embodiment, institute The power for stating water-ring vacuum pump is more than 3kw, preferably 5~10kw, for example, 7.5kw.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the weight valve 38 includes valve plate, rotating shaft and weight member, valve plate and counterweight Part is connected with rotating shaft, when not being loaded with biomass granule fuel in vacuum hopper and during vavuum pump opens feeding, weight The valve plate of power valve 38 is closed in the presence of weight member, and biomass granule fuel is loaded with vacuum hopper and is unloaded When carrying vacuum, valve plate automatically opens up under the gravity compressing of biomass granule fuel to be fed in the hopper 11 to combustion furnace.This hair In bright, according to the weight of weight member described in the density of biomass granule fuel and the volume respective design of vacuum hopper so that The weight valve closes when can realize zero load, the function of opening during closed when vacuumizing and load.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the volume of the vacuum hopper 37 is less than or equal to the hopper 11 in combustion furnace Volume.In a kind of specific embodiment, the volume of the vacuum hopper 37 be the volume of the hopper 11 in combustion furnace about 1/2, thus vacuum intake can then be automatically filled with the hopper 11 twice.Those skilled in the art can be from understanding, the present invention Described in vacuum hopper temporary effect is only played to biomass granule fuel, when vavuum pump stops suction, in vacuum hopper Granular fuel then drops in hopper below automatically.In a kind of specific embodiment, also set on the hopper 11 Glass vision panel is equipped with, whether observe charging situation for staff normal.

In a kind of specific embodiment, also include controller, the control in the Material sucking machine 31 containing vavuum pump Device electrically connects control with the material-level measure sensor set in combustion furnace, motor of the controller also with auger feed mechanism, The starter of vavuum pump and magnetic valve electrical connection control.In a kind of specific embodiment, controller is according to setting The scarce material institute feedack that material-level measure sensor in combustion furnace detects, manually or the collection both can be automatically controlled The start and stop of middle feeding system, select to the vacuum hopper feed on the one or more combustion furnaces specified.A kind of specific real Apply in mode, the latter linked each charging line of feeding distribution joint is respectively provided with feeding magnetic valve, when certain combustion furnace When occurring to lack material alarm, the electricity on controller control vavuum pump, the motor of auger feed mechanism, feeding magnetic valve and aspirating air pipe Magnet valve is opened, and under the suction of vavuum pump, biomass granule fuel is drawn at feeding distribution joint to mutually corresponding vacuum In hopper, now the weight valve of vacuum hopper bottom keeps air-tight state under vacuum action.When feeding reaches certain time length Afterwards, magnetic valve, vavuum pump and the auger feed mechanism on controller control aspirating air pipe are closed, and stop suction, unload vacuum, Grain fuel is opened weight valve under its Action of Gravity Field and is down to from vacuum hopper in the hopper of combustion furnace.

Concentrate feeding system beneficial effect：1) concentration feeding system provided by the invention concentrates feed using vacuum, ensures Feeding system is stable, and in conveying, pipeline is in sealing vacuum state, and absolutely not putty situation occurs.2) it is provided by the invention Concentrate feeding system to use Automatic Control, respond the scarce material warning device 182 of each different combustion furnace of its connection with right The combustion furnace carries out sub-material conveying.Its feeding is accurate, will not because personnel feed not in time and caused by fuel lack, and then influence cigarette Leaf toasts.3) the service life length of the concentration feeding system, its service life are spiral, belt-type feeder apparatus service life 5-10 times.4) saving of labor, time saving, reduction labor intensity, reduction baking cost.

It can be that combustion furnace is fed in time that biomass granule fuel provided by the invention, which concentrates feeding system, and whole system is certainly Dynamic control feeding, only needs manpower or machinery that biomass granule fuel is unpacked and poured into the storage vat 32, other processes are Full-automatic mechanical operates, and saves substantial amounts of manpower and materials.

4th, heating equipment

All welding use mechanical hand automatic welding in heating equipment provided by the invention, and welding position is selected and mother metal Consistent wlding is welded, and ensures that all weld seams are tight, smooth, pore-free is air tight without slag inclusion, and mechanical performance reaches mother metal Performance.When high-grade mother metal and inferior grade mother metal weld, the wlding consistent with high-grade mother metal must be selected.

The outer metallic surface of heating equipment provided by the invention is using resistance to 500 DEG C of high temperature above, anti-oxidant, adhesive force is strong Environment-friendly materials carry out preservative treatment, external coating simultaneously makes surface cleanness grade reach GB/T 8923 to provide through blasting treatment The requirement of Sa2.5 levels, surfaces externally and internally carries out 3 sprayings using high temperature, epoxy zinc rich primer, and finish paint is (roasting using electrostatic spraying Paint), this technique has high temperature resistant and the characteristic of resistant to strong corrosion, extends the service life of heating equipment.The heating equipment makes With the life-span up to more than 10 years, generally more than 12 years.

In summary, on the basis of existing technology, applicant of the present invention successfully develops high-efficiency low-pollution energy-saving ring The biomass granule fuel heat supply complete set of equipments of guarantor, realizes biomass fuel and fully burns, solve conventional biomass fuel The technical barrier that tar is unable to completely burned coking caking is produced in burning.The present invention also successfully develops new heat exchanger, Solve the problems, such as that heat exchange utilization rate is not high in current tobacco flue-curing.And successfully develop new tobacco baking intelligent control System processed, the effect of full-automatic regulation firepower that realizes biomass combustion according to tobacco flue-curing heat demand have reached burning Materials are few, toast the quality of tobacco height of gained, the purpose of energy-conserving and environment-protective.Meeting the base of tobacco roasting temperature control process requirement On plinth, the function of fully automatic operation, self-skimming, energy-saving and emission-reduction, environment-protection low-consumption is not only realized, also there is fast, heating of lighting a fire Hurry up, firepower it is strong, the features such as being readily burned and be precisely controlled.

Specifically：

1st, equipment electromechanical integration, automaticity is high, stable, safety.The machine using automatic feed, from dynamic point Fire, automatically adjust oxygen supply, be temperature automatically controlled, operating in a key, precisely running, combustion process is in semi-closed state, outside the flames of anger Let out, no pressure operation, low-voltage power supply；Unique self-skimming Functional Design, complete self-skimming, safety and stability.

2nd, combustion furnace power adjusting amplitude is big, and temperature-controlled precision is high.Combustor (combustion furnace) power can be according to tobacco flue-curing work The demand of skill is arbitrarily adjusted, by controlling automatic function to reach the purpose of accurate control baking.Tobacco flue-curing work can be fully met The needs of skill, pass through accurate temperature control (temperature-controlled precision is up to 0.1~0.5 DEG C, and precision is higher than 1~3 DEG C coal-fired of temperature-controlled precision), energy Effectively evade the mass loss that the factors such as temperature control is inaccurate are brought.Burner structure (only traditional flue-cured tobacco rationally compact, in light weight The half weight of equipment), installation it is simple and convenient.

3rd, biological particles burning is abundant, and efficiency of combustion reaches 87%.Combustor uses half integrated gasification combined combustion technology, tool There is the characteristic that multi-faceted high temperature supplies oxygen half gasification, and combustion, energy long-time low power run, burning is abundant, no soot emission, thermal effect Rate is high, and flue dust, sulphur are nitrogen discharged low, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, non-secondary pollution, and shop environment is clean.Evade because of combustion Influence of the flue dust and pernicious gas of coal to flue cured tobacco quality, the color, smell and taste for tobacco leaf of coming out of the stove are strong, and quality of tobacco is obviously improved.

4th, heat exchanger heat utilization ratio is high.Heat exchanger (radiator) heat exchange area is big, and sootfall room temperature is high, effectively Ground solves equipment coking phenomenon, tar can gasify and burn out, heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, reaches overall heat exchange efficiency 57.8%.

5th, fuel tolerance is wide, energy-saving and emission-reduction.The combustor is using biological particles as fuel, specially agriculture (straw, wheat Grass, cornstalk, corncob, rice husk, peanut shell, levant cotton exocarp, cotton stem, cogongrass, weeds ...) woods (trees, bark, tree root, tree Leaf, wood shavings, bamboo powder, sawdust ...) the like waste is fuel, burning is abundant, and the consumption energy is few.

6th, equipment operation is simple, automaticity is high, saves labor.Baking initially enters full-automatic control since click System, feed, automatic feed are concentrated, oxygen supply is automatically adjusted, is temperature automatically controlled, self-skimming, realize " one-touch " operation and operation It is stable, accurate.By taking the baking workshop of 50 barns as an example, traditional coal heating flue-cured tobacco 15 people of needs or so (including it is roasting Cigarette master worker), the normal operation at a workshop could be maintained, and biological particles combustion apparatus flue-cured tobacco provided by the invention is taken, 5 people or so are only needed, the efficiency than the baking of traditional coal heating improves more than 3 times.

7th, energy consumption and baking cost are reduced.Why lower than baked by using fire coal cost biomass fuel tobacco flue-curing cost is, and one It is efficiency of combustion and heat exchanger effectiveness greatly improves and causes energy consumption to be greatly lowered；Second, accurately automatic feeding system avoids The waste of redundancy fuel in heating and cooling process；Third, highly integrated automated control technology has greatly saved human cost.Adopt The baking direct cost that 1 kilogram of tobacco leaf is dried with traditional coal heating equipment at least wants 2.26 yuan, and takes raw in the present invention Material grainses fuel barn dries only 1.73 yuan or so of the baking direct cost of 1 kilogram of dry tobacco leaf, and per kilogram tobacco leaf saves 0.54 Member, often cheat flue-cured tobacco 312 yuan or so of expense capable of saving fuel.In addition, automatic ignition of the present invention, programming rate are steady, temperature control It is stable, automatically adjust temperature, auto feed (adding once per 48h), dry tobacco leaf quality preferably (orange cigarette rate is high), remove automatically Slag, the utilization rate of slag ash are high (containing elements such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can be used as fertilizer returning to the field).

8th, emission reduction effect is notable.In the Tobacco Leaf Curing of the present invention, basic smoke dust, sulphur is nitrogen discharged low, carbon monoxide, Hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, non-secondary pollution, baking shop environment is clean, pollution is low.Biological particles combustion apparatus toasts and fire coal The exhaust emissions contrast of heating equipment baking is as shown in table 1.

Table 1

Heating equipment provided by the invention is adapted to be baked with original metal barn (coal heating), advanced composite material (ACM) heat supply The matching of the different type barns such as room, biomass heat supply bulk curing barn and biomass heat supply movable type board house structure barn.

Biomass granule fuel heating equipment provided by the invention detects the conclusion drawn through the Central China University of Science and Technology：Burning The inspection of efficiency, maximum output thermal power, heat exchange efficiency, hopper capacity, feed, igniting, fin radiator, control system etc. It is all qualified to survey result.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 9, Figure 10, the present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment, the heating equipment It is described to change including combustion furnace 1, heat exchanger 2, the concentration feeding system 3 and barn 4 for providing for combustion furnace biomass granule fuel Hot device 2 is used for the one end of horizontal converter nose 14 for being connected to combustion furnace 1, and the barn 4 includes heat supply room 41, and the heat exchanger 2 is set In heat supply room 41, the combustion furnace 1 and concentration feeding system 3 are arranged on outside barn 4；The concentration feeding system 3 is used for Two or more combustion furnace 1, which is concentrated, provides biomass granule fuel, and the concentration feeding system 3 includes the Material sucking machine containing vavuum pump 31st, the aspirating air pipe more than 33, two of storage vat more than 32, two charging line 34, auger feed mechanism 35, feeding distribution connect Head, two or more magnetic valve 36, two or more vacuum hopper 37 and two or more weight valve 38；The storage vat 32 is used to concentrate Biomass granule fuel is deposited, auger feed mechanism 35 is provided with its bottom and for granular fuel to be sent into different feedings The feeding distribution joint of pipeline 34, the vacuum hopper 37, which is arranged at the top of combustion furnace, to be used to supply for the hopper 11 in combustion furnace Material, the magnetic valve 36 are arranged on the aspirating air pipe 33 that vacuum hopper 37 is connected with vavuum pump, and the weight valve 38 is arranged on The bottom of vacuum hopper 37；When magnetic valve 36 on vacuum pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe 33 is opened, make vacuumizing Under, the weight valve 38 of the bottom of vacuum hopper 37 remains closed corresponding to the aspirating air pipe 33, and biomass granule fuel is through phase The charging line answered is sent into the vacuum hopper 37；When the magnetic valve 36 is closed, the weight valve 38 after vacuum is unloaded true Open and be fed from the hopper 11 in trend combustion furnace under the self gravitation effect of biomass granule fuel in empty hopper 37.

The present invention provides a kind of containing above-mentioned combustion furnace, heat exchanger and the heating equipment for concentrating feeding system.The present invention carries The heating equipment of confession realizes the repeated combustion of biomass granule fuel, makes the burnings such as fuel, tar, dust abundant, after burning Noresidue, efficiently solve caused tar, cinder blocking heat-exchanger, tail gas residue pollution environment during biomass combustion And key issues of etching apparatus, significantly improve the utilization rate of biomass energy calorific value.The heating equipment at least has such as Lower feature.

1st, safety：There is naked light generation by the use of coal as fuel, it is possible to which leakage fire causes tobacco leaf to burn, and causes that tobacco grower's is huge Big loss；And combustion furnace is arranged on outside barn in the present invention, heat exchanger is sealingly disposed in the heat supply room in barn, in barn To hang smoke-box and heat supply room is kept apart by insulated wall, caused naked light is totally-enclosed in combustion furnace and heat exchanger in combustion furnace, thus The consequence of tobacco leaf burning will not be produced.

2nd, it is environmentally friendly：Whole heating equipment under operation, is emerged, sulphur is nitrogen discharged low, an oxygen without any dust, flue gas Change carbon and hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, baking shop environment is clean, pollution-free.And coal combustion particularly dissipate coal baking when contain hook fire add The program of coal, there is the drift of substantial amounts of coal ash dirt to raise and SO₂Release, influence and pollute environment.

3rd, the baked goods of high quality：The present invention concentration feeding system, burning feed mechanism, burning air supply system, remove Slag mechanism etc. is programme controlled automated system, such as includes helical blade feeder, helical-blade in burning feed mechanism Piece feeder is arranged to automatic open close by program, and firepower size in combustion furnace is determined according to its opening and closing time, and then determines whole The real-time heating load of individual heating equipment so that dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature and heating-up time, steady warm time in barn etc. The equal controllable precise of parameter.Wherein without unstable temperature change fluctuated, cold dust and hot dust etc. will not be caused without use The low quality tobacco leaf of value, it is good to bake the quality of tobacco come.In addition, the tobacco flue-curing program that automation standard is set can avoid Many maloperations and bring waste product, and make it that the quality of tobacco leaf is more well-balanced more preferable.

4th, saving of work and time：Full-automatic set can save substantial amounts of manual labor.Whole process typically only needs manpower by biology Matter granular fuel is sent into the storage vat for concentrating feeding system (process can also be completed by machinery), and the clinker of after-flame from Cleared in the breast hole of heat exchanger.Concentrate feeding system that biological particles are sent into vacuum material from storage vat 32 automatically In bucket 37, biological particles are sent into hopper 11 from vacuum hopper 37 automatically after feed, burning air supply system automatically adjusts Clinker in burner hearth and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout are pushed into heat exchange by the air capacity being sent into combustion furnace, slag removal mechanism automatically Carry out second-time burning in device, in burner hearth in burning and heat exchanger high-temperature flue gas caused by second-time burning after dedusting in radiator To being discharged after the circulation air heating in barn from chimney, the high low speed circulating fan 46 in barn promotes the heat in barn empty at place Gas circulates and flows into and hung in smoke-box 42 to tobacco progress heated baking from heat supply room 41, and the temperature and humidity hung in smoke-box is same Sample is also used and automatically controlled.These processes are all automatic to be carried out, and saves substantial amounts of manpower and time.And people is avoided to be fired with burning The direct contact of material, be advantageous to the health of tobacco grower.

5th, efficient energy-saving：The present invention changes the mode of the suspension combustion in the b of combustion chamber in first technology, is changed to biomass Grain, which is controllably deposited in converter nose, to burn, then by adjusting the burning air supply system of the present invention so that its efficiency of combustion is by 82% 87% is further increased to, the raising of efficiency of combustion produces remarkable result to energy saving of system.In addition, the present invention is good in exhaust emissions In the case of good and combustion furnace noncoking, not slagging, it is not required to provide the strong impetus and energy for causing biological particles suspension combustion Amount consumption, reduce further the energy consumption of whole combustion furnace and heating equipment.

6th, the service life length of equipment：The heating equipment uses the steel of special substance, has high temperature resistant, anticorrosion, prolongs The features such as long life；Equipment surface application and surface cleanness grade is set to reach as defined in GB/T 8923 through blasting treatment The requirement of Sa2.5 levels, surfaces externally and internally carry out three sprayings using high temperature, epoxy zinc rich primer, and finish paint uses electrostatic spraying (baking vanish), This technique has the characteristics of high temperature resistant, resistant to strong corrosion, increase the service life, and the life-span of the heating equipment typically can reach 12 years More than, it is more durable in use than other heating equipments.

7th, equipment is applied widely：The heating equipment can be accomplished to dock and combine closely easily with all kinds of barns, and should Heating equipment is adapted to move, and such as some cigarette district former years can plant cigarette but this year can not plant, and must change to another place kind, then can be with A whole set of biomass granule fuel heating equipment is moved into other flue-cured tobacco area to be toasted.In addition, heat supply provided by the invention is set The standby drying plant for being also used as various agricultural product, including medicinal material, paddy, honeysuckle, day lily etc..

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims

1. a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment, the heating equipment includes combustion furnace (1), heat exchanger (2), is combustion furnace The concentration feeding system (3) and barn (4) of biomass granule fuel are provided, the heat exchanger (2) is used to be connected to combustion furnace (1) horizontal converter nose (14) one end, the barn (4) include heat supply room (41), and the heat exchanger (2) is arranged on heat supply room (41) Interior, the combustion furnace (1) and concentration feeding system (3) are arranged on barn (4) outside；The concentration feeding system (3) is used to be two Individual above combustion furnace (1), which is concentrated, provides biomass granule fuel, and the concentration feeding system (3) includes the Material sucking machine containing vavuum pump (31), storage vat (32), more than two aspirating air pipes (33), more than two charging lines (34), auger feed mechanism (35), give Expect distribution joint, two or more magnetic valve (36), two or more vacuum hopper (37) and two or more weight valve (38)；The storage Charging basket (32) is used to leave biomass granule fuel concentratedly, auger feed mechanism (35) is provided with its bottom and for by particle Fuel is sent into the feeding distribution joint of different charging lines (34), and the vacuum hopper (37), which is arranged at the top of combustion furnace, to be used for For hopper (11) feed in combustion furnace, the magnetic valve (36) is arranged on the air intake duct that vacuum hopper (37) is connected with vavuum pump On road (33), the weight valve (38) is arranged on vacuum hopper (37) bottom；Vacuum pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe (33) when the magnetic valve (36) on is opened, under vacuum action, vacuum hopper (37) bottom corresponding to the aspirating air pipe (33) Weight valve (38) remain closed, and biomass granule fuel is sent into the vacuum hopper (37) through corresponding charging line；When When the magnetic valve (36) is closed, unload the weight valve (38) after vacuum in vacuum hopper (37) biomass granule fuel from Open under body Action of Gravity Field and be fed from the hopper (11) in trend combustion furnace；The heat exchanger (2) includes two positioned at bottom Secondary combustion chamber (21), be arranged in second-time burning room and for flame and the deduster of high temperature fume dust removal (22), for except High-temperature flue gas after dirt carries out the radiator (23) of heat exchange and for the flue gas discharge heat exchanger after heat exchange with air Chimney (24)；The deduster (22) includes connecting the converter nose (14) and flame and high temperature for will laterally spray in converter nose Fume inlet passage (225) that flue gas is introduced in heat exchanger, two axial directions for being connected to fume inlet passage (225) end are arranged at vertically The cylindrical dedusting main body (222) in direction, positioned at the intersubjective flame kicker baffle (221) of two cylindrical dedustings, Yi Jiwei In the top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and the frustum structure (223) that is coaxially disposed with cylindrical dedusting main body, the fire Flame kicker baffle (221) be vertically arranged and for by the flame and high-temperature flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two cylindrical dedusting main bodys In, in upper and miner diameter end under, its bigger diameter end connects with cylindrical dedusting body seal for the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure (223) Connect so that flame and high-temperature flue gas are rotated into after fume inlet passage enters deduster under the guide effect of flame kicker baffle Enter in cylindrical dedusting main body, then outflow removes in the flue gas rising passway (224) formed from the center taper through hole of frustum structure Dirt device and enter the radiator (23).

2. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heating equipment is that tobacco flue-curing is set with heat supply It is standby, and the barn also includes hanging smoke-box (42) and the insulated wall (43) between heat supply room (41) and extension smoke-box (42), and High low speed circulating fan (46) is additionally provided with barn to be used to drive air recycle stream between heat supply room (41) and extension smoke-box (42) It is dynamic.

3. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combustion furnace includes converter nose (14), the converter nose (14) converter nose (141) and the outer converter nose (142) of truncated cone-shaped in the cylinder including horizontal setting, are formed between interior converter nose and outer converter nose Hollow ventilated area (146), the burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside the interior converter nose, the bottom of converter nose is opened in Horizontal cylinder It is used to provide air for biological particles fuel combustion provided with air vent；Interior converter nose axial direction one end and the bottom of burning feed pipe (13) Portion connects, and the axial other end is used to insert in the heat exchanger (2) being connected with combustion furnace (1)；Outer converter nose is equally used for described in insertion Axial one end in heat exchanger (2) is miner diameter end (1421), and outer converter nose is its bigger diameter end close to axial one end of burning feed pipe (1422), and outer converter nose miner diameter end (1421) inwall to the radial distance between interior converter nose outer wall be bocca periphery circumferential weld it is wide Degree d is 0.8~5mm.

4. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combustion furnace includes burning air supply system (15), The burning air supply system (15) includes small blower fan (151), air blower (152) and the matching air box (153) being sequentially connected in series, described small Blower fan be charged pool power and power of fan 10~200w blower fan, the air blower (152) be power of fan be more than small wind Acc power and the blower fan for providing main fresh air for combustion furnace, the matching air box (153) are used to distribute fresh air And it includes multiple outlets in parallel.

5. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combustion furnace includes slag removal mechanism (16), described Slag removal mechanism is provided including horizontally disposed slagging-off with tooth push rod (162), for slagging-off with tooth push rod and the slagging-off of passing power electricity Machine (161) and gear (165), it is set in slagging-off rod bush (163) of the slagging-off with tooth push rod radial outside, is slagging-off band tooth push rod The push rod directive wheel (164) of guiding, the described axial one end of slagging-off with tooth push rod are arranged on stove in the cylinder by horizontal setting In the burner hearth that mouth (141) is formed, the axial other end with tooth push rod that removes the gred is arranged on outside burner hearth and controls push rod by controller Level pushes away slag motion.

6. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that two cylindrical dedusting main bodys are tangent to be set and set up separately The left and right sides of fume inlet passage high-temperature flue gas flow direction, the Breadth Maximum m that fume inlet passage projects in the horizontal plane are less than or equal to The beeline n that the miner diameter end of two frustum structures projects in the horizontal plane.

7. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that built in secondary combustion chamber (21) inwall of the heat exchanger Provided with refractory brick, and the heat exchanger is split settings, using flange by the scarfing cinder pipeline of split settings, secondary combustion in heat exchanger Room (21), radiator (23) and the corresponding connection of chimney (24) are burnt, and is also set the secondary combustion chamber (21) split using flange The section of being laid bricks under put connects with upper no brick section；Scarfing cinder drawer and matched scarfing cinder are additionally provided with breast hole Rake.

8. heating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the diameter and bigger diameter end of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure The ratio of diameter is 1：1.5~5.

9. heating equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that high low speed circulating fan (46) drives air from insulated wall (43) the heat supply room return air inlet (44) at the top of enters heat supply room (41), and from the heat supply room air outlet (45) of insulated wall (43) bottom Flow out heat supply room (41) and enter and hang smoke-box (42)；The extension smoke-box (42) is provided with extension smoke-box gate (421) and supplies personnel and thing Material is passed in and out, and cold wind import (47) is additionally provided with the barn.