CN105940847B - A kind of drawing type cassava harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed by the invention is a kind of drawing type cassava harvester.The present invention is connected by the eccentric shaft in the output shaft and body of motor, eccentric shaft is connected by connecting rod and round pin with piston, so that the circular motion of eccentric shaft is changed into the reciprocating motion of piston, the drawing bar that piston promotes jump bit shock punching pin by compressed gas and makes impact bar be connected to eave tile is moved back and forth in opening linear bearing and linear bearing, so as to produce the effect of drawing.The invention has the advantages that：Simple in construction, mechanism is compact, and motor output shaft direct drive eccentric shaft, through connecting rod drives cylinder percussion mechanism, and impulsive force is changed into drawing dials power；Small volume, it is lightweight, it is simple to operate, mitigate artificial harvest labor intensity；Not by landform（Size, flat, bending）, soil property（With having stone, dew rock field）, rainy climate influence use；Standard parts and components being used accessory, cost is low, interchangeability is good, easy to maintenance more.

Description

A kind of drawing type cassava harvester

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of drawing type cassava harvester, belong to drawing type crop-harvesting mechanism manufacture field.

Background technology

Cassava is to cultivate extensively in tropical, semi-tropical Important Economic crop, is one of world's staple food grain.Cassava harvests product Mainly the root tuber of underground, due to the difference of soil property, causes tapioca root to be presented under earth's surface and is randomly distributed, and root tuber is received The amount of obtaining is big.At present, the French of harvesting cassava mainly has following three kinds：（1）Artificial to harvest, shape of partly being bent at people, both hands firmly grasp wood Potato stalk, drawing stalk band cassava is carried out by the strength of human body；（2）People and animals are harvested, and animal-drawn plough can be used to the cassava of Root growth In advance by after ground movement, then manually harvested；（3）Half mechanical harvest, first strikes off stem, then mounts and sets on tractor There is the colter of plough mouldboard, root tuber is stirred, then manually picked up.But these three harvesting approaches all exist it is such not Foot：

Artificial harvest：Low production efficiency, labor intensity is big, is particularly manually drawn in the case of soil knot tying, knot potato depth Dial increasingly difficult, the elderly and women are difficult to complete cassava drawing work.

People and animals harvest：Small-sized machine power applied to agricultural production gradually replaces animal power, existing rural area stock keeping man Front yard is few, low production efficiency.

Mechanical harvest：Existing cassava harvester tool is bulky, power big, price, and harvest is high to cassava damage ratio, only It is adapted to that physical features is flat, the cassava harvest of sandy soil plantation harvests that adaptability is poor to cassava plant in different soil properties, and harvest is by rain Season influences, and can not complete to gather in work when moist muddy, soil stickiness is larger, in small plot dispersion plantation, disperses not in flakes, Hilly and mountainous land difficulty is used.

Therefore, a kind of equipment between machinery and manpower is designed, asking for cassava harvest conveniently and is at low cost solved Topic, has important engineering significance for cassava harvest under existing agricultural planting patterns.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of drawing type cassava harvester, by design a kind of simple, light, price it is low, Easy-operating power-assisted machinery, cassava is harvested with indirect labor, mitigates artificial harvest labor intensity, to overcome artificial harvest wood at present Deficiency present in potato or mechanical harvest cassava.

In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention is implemented by following technical proposals：A kind of drawing type cassava harvester, Including body, the motor installed in body one end, outside body with motor with the eave tile of one end and with eave tile opposite other end Eccentric shaft in joystick, the output shaft and body of the motor is connected, and eccentric shaft passes through connecting rod and round pin and piston Connection so that the circular motion of eccentric shaft is changed into the reciprocating motion of piston, and piston is arranged in the cylinder in body, in cylinder In be additionally provided with jump bit and punching pin, left air chamber is formed between piston and jump bit, right gas is formed between jump bit and punching pin Room, underpart point eccentric shaft, connecting rod, piston left side form body air chamber, and the tail end of punching pin is provided with punching pin endoporus, impact Bar stretches into and forms dynamic cooperation in punching pin endoporus with punching pin endoporus, and impact bar is fixed with floor, and floor is fixed on one end of drawing bar, The other end of drawing bar is connected to eave tile by fitting sleeve, and drawing bar is by the opening straight line that is arranged in body close to handle one end Bearing is connected jointly with being positioned close to the linear bearing of eave tile one end, can back and forth be transported in opening linear bearing and linear bearing It is dynamic.

It is that a kind of simple, light, price is low, easy-operating cassava harvest power-assisted machinery using the present invention of above-mentioned measure, Have the following advantages that：

1st, simple in construction, motor output shaft direct drive eccentric shaft, through connecting rod drives cylinder percussion mechanism, impulsive force is turned It is changed into drawing and dials power, mechanism is compact；

2nd, small volume, it is lightweight, it is simple to operate, mitigate artificial harvest labor intensity, this can also be used in the elderly and women Invention easily harvests cassava；

3rd, the machine is not by landform（Size, flat, bending）, soil property（With having stone, dew rock field）, rainy climate influence make With；

4th, standard parts and components are used the machine accessory, cost is low, interchangeability is good, easy to maintenance more.

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the cross section structure diagram that inventive piston is under most limit on the left location status；

Fig. 3 is enlarged drawing at Fig. 2 parts A；

Fig. 4 is enlarged drawing at Fig. 2 parts B；

Fig. 5 is the cross section structure diagram that inventive piston is under most limit on the right-right-hand limit location status；

Fig. 6 is enlarged drawing at Fig. 5 part A ＇；

Fig. 7 is enlarged drawing at Fig. 5 part B ＇；

Fig. 8 is the partial sectional view that ladder tooth point of the present invention is welded in cylinder outer barrel endoporus left end；

Fig. 9 is the left view that ladder tooth point of the present invention is welded in cylinder outer barrel endoporus left end.

Number explanation in figure：1- eave tiles；2- fitting sleeves；3- draws driving lever；4- body sealing rings；5- body cover plates； 6- bodies；7- motors；8- oil sealings；9- eccentric shafts；10- bearings；11- body air chambers；12- punching pin sealing rings；13- gas Cylinder outer barrel；14- cylinders；15- swivel nuts；16- damping rings；17- impact bars；18- floors；19- cover plate of outer casing；Outside 20- Shell；21- buffering adhesives；22- pull handles；23- handles；24- opening linear bearings；25- punching pines；26- stomatas；27- impacts Hammer；The right air chambers of 27-1-；28- pistons；The left air chambers of 28-1-；29- round pins；30- connecting rods；31- linear bearings；32- ladder teeth.

Embodiment

With reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic figure of the present invention, and the present invention as shown in Figure 1 includes body 6, Motor 7 installed in the one end of body 6, with eave tile 1 and with the eave tile 1 relative other end of the motor 7 with one end outside body 6 Joystick 23.Prevailing operating state of the present invention has two kinds, and a kind of is that piston 28 as shown in Figure 2 is in most limit on the left position State, it is another be piston 28 as shown in Figure 5 be in most limit on the right-right-hand limit position state.Wherein, piston 28 is in most left pole Spacing configuration state refers to state when piston 28 is moved to high order end by the effect of connecting rod 30, and piston 28 is in most right pole Spacing configuration state refers to state when piston 28 is moved to low order end by the effect of connecting rod 30.Although living in the operating condition The motion of plug 28 is a continuous process, but the state of the most limit on the left position of piston 28 and the most limit on the right-right-hand limit position of piston 28 is two Typical working condition is planted, therefore, present embodiment is illustrated mainly for the structure under both states.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are Fig. 2 partial enlarged drawings, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, and the top of body 6 of the present invention is provided with motor 7, the output shaft of motor 7 coordinates with the diameter of axle small end of eccentric shaft 9, and the output axial symmetry of motor 7 both sides are machined with facet, export shaft section Flat is shaped as, the diameter of axle small end end face of eccentric shaft 9 is processed into sector, can match somebody with somebody with the output shaft of motor 7 and merge transmission rotary motion, Eccentric shaft 9 and the endoporus tight fit of bearing 10, bearing 10 are installed on body 6, and are fixed using tight fit and circlip, oil sealing 8 are arranged on the position between motor 7 and bearing 10 on body 6, and oil sealing 8 plays the isolation top of body 6 and oozed with bottom oil gas The effect of leakage, one end round pin 29 of connecting rod 30 is connected with the piston 28 of cylinder percussion mechanism, and the other end coordinates with eccentric shaft 9, electricity Rotary motion direct drive eccentric shaft 9 after machine 7 is powered does identical rotary motion, according to slider-crank mechanism operation principle, The rotary motion of eccentric shaft 9 can be passed to piston 28 and moved reciprocatingly by connecting rod 30, and the lower surface of body 6 is equipped with body sealing ring 4 With body cover plate 5, it is ensured that the air-tightness of body air chamber 11.The cylinder percussion mechanism, including cylinder outer barrel 13, cylinder 14, work Plug 28, jump bit 27, punching pin 25, punching pin sealing ring 12, swivel nut 15, left air chamber 28-1, right air chamber 27-1.Such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 The shown left side external screw thread of cylinder outer barrel 13 is connected with body 6, and cylinder 14 is installed in the hole of cylinder outer barrel 13, the right side of cylinder 14 External screw thread is fastened with the right side internal thread sealing of cylinder outer barrel 13, and the distribution of the left end endoporus circumference of cylinder outer barrel 13 is welded with 4 pieces of ladders As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, the left side external cylindrical surface of cylinder 14 and 4 pieces of ladder teeth 32 formation circle coordinate tooth 32, and with cylinder outer barrel 13 Hole wall leaves certain gap and forms air flue, and the left end of cylinder 14 is spacing by the left end endoporus ladder tooth 32 of cylinder outer barrel 13, cylinder 14 Left section of endoporus is provided with piston 28, stage casing and installs jump bit 27, right-hand member installation punching pin 25, is formed between piston 28 and jump bit 27 Left air chamber 28-1, forms right air chamber 27-1 between jump bit 27 and punching pin 25, punching pin is provided between punching pin 25 and the inner hole wall of cylinder 14 Sealing ring 12.When motor 7 is operated so that piston 28 works to the most limit on the right-right-hand limit location status transition as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 When, on the one hand, piston 28 moves right the gas volume of left air chamber 28-1 in compression cylinder 14, the compression under the promotion of connecting rod 30 Gas will promote the end motion to the right of jump bit 27 to hit punching pin 25, and now the gas in right air chamber 27-1 is discharged through steam vent 26, The gas of discharge enters body air chamber 11 by the air flue between cylinder outer barrel 13 and cylinder 14, and on the other hand, motor 7 drives partially The most limit on the left location status change that heart axle 9 works on shown in Fig. 2, piston 28 is done under the pulling of connecting rod 30 in cylinder 14 Left-hand is axially moved, and the gas in the left side compressor body air chamber 11 of piston 28, the volume of body air chamber 11 diminishes, right air chamber 27-1 Volume increases, due to gas of the gas in the pressure official post body air chamber 11 of 2 air chambers between cylinder outer barrel 13 and cylinder 14 Road, enter through stomata 26 right air chamber 27-1 and promote jump bit 27 to left movement again, be to hit to prepare next time, above-mentioned work It is a continuous process that state, which is gone round and begun again,.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, punching pin 25 is inserted in the endoporus of damping ring 16 and stretched Enter in the right-hand member hole of cylinder 14, swivel nut 15 compresses damping ring 16 and is connected fastening with the right-hand member external screw thread of cylinder 14.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, draw-off gear includes：Impact bar 17, draw driving lever 3, fitting sleeve 2, eave tile 1, open Mouth linear bearing 24, linear bearing 31, casing 20.Right section of impact bar 17 is with drawing right section of driving lever 3 to be welded into one with floor 18 Body, the tail end of punching pin 25 is provided with punching pin endoporus, and impact bar 17 is stretched into punching pin endoporus and contacted with bottom outlet face, impact bar 17 and punching Sub 25 endoporus form dynamic cooperation, and linear bearing 31 and opening linear bearing 24 are separately mounted to the left and right two in the inner bottom plating face of shell 20 Side, draws driving lever 3 to be arranged on linear bearing 31 and the hole interior energy realization of opening linear bearing 24 or so and moves back and forth, draw driving lever 3 to be rushed Bar 17 is hit, limits and can not rotate in the hole of punching pin 25, is installed in the inwall of casing 20 position corresponding with drawing the movement locus of driving lever 3 There is buffering adhesive 21, buffering adhesive 21 can limit impact bar 17, prevent it from departing from the endoporus of punching pin 25, also available buffer pull bar 3 is to machine The shock of case shell 20, eave tile 1 is with fitting sleeve 2 with drawing the left end of driving lever 3 to be threadedly coupled fastening.Handle 23 passes through pull bar 22, shell 20 are connected with body 6, and the shift knob of motor 7 is provided with handle 23, the working condition to controlled motor 7.

The present invention is so used：The female bar of cassava for first hooking into eave tile 1 in soil during work, user's hand is gripped Pull bar 22 or handle 23 simultaneously maintain certain upward pulling force, it is ensured that the left end of impact bar 17 is contacted with the endoporus bottom of punching pin 25, punching pin 25 be pressed against by impact bar 17, and power switch is arranged on handle 23, and pressing power switch starts motor 7, the output shaft of motor 7 Rotation drives the rotary motion of eccentric shaft 9, and connecting rod 30, piston 28 are according to slider-crank mechanism principle, and piston 28 is in the endoporus of cylinder 14 Move reciprocatingly.

Eccentric shaft 9 coordinates with connecting rod 30 as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, and eccentric shaft 9 is from the rotation of most left-hand least significant i.e. to piston During the 28 most state change of limit on the right-right-hand limit position, piston 28 is moved right, left air chamber 28-1 between compression piston 28 and jump bit 27 Interior gas, gas compressed promotes jump bit 27 to move right and hits punching pin 25, and the impulsive force is passed to punching by punching pin 25 Bar 17 is hit, impact bar 17 is driven drawing bar 3, the drawing to the right of eave tile 1 by the effect of impulsive force.Process is moved right in piston 28 In, the increase air pressure reduction of the volume of body air chamber 11 makes air flue, gas of the right air chamber 27-1 gas through cylinder outer barrel 13 Yu cylinder 14 Hole 26 enters body air chamber 11.

Eccentric shaft 9 coordinates with connecting rod 30 as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, and eccentric shaft 9 is from the rotation of most dextrad leftmost position i.e. to piston During the 28 most state change of limit on the left position, piston 28 is to left movement, and the gas in the compressor body air chamber 11 of piston 28 is compressed Gas through the air flue between cylinder outer barrel 13 and cylinder 14, stomata 26 enter right air chamber 27-1, promote jump bit 27 transport to the left Dynamic to reset the shock prepared next time, the be hit pressure of bar 17 of punching pin 25 is moved to the left to the limit position controlled by damping ring 16 Put；Human hand grips pull handle 22 or handle 23 or shell 20 and maintains certain upward pulling force constant, does one's utmost in the resistance of the female bar of cassava Effect is downward, and eave tile 1 makes impact bar 17 pressed against punching pin 25 by drawing bar 3, and punching pin 25 is pressed in axial limit position, accurate The standby impact for receiving next time.

The above-mentioned course of work is a continuous process, and the present invention is under motor continuous high speed turning effort, and eave tile 1 is obtained The upward impulsive force of high frequency, assists artificial draw the female bar of cassava under less pulling force to transfer to ground.

The purposes of the present invention is mainly the harvest applied to root-tuber crop, but the structure of the present invention can also apply to Other fields, can be two in the spike object or plant equipment being fixed on wall when the eave tile alteration of form of the present invention The parts for planting immovable fitting are pulled out.Therefore, in different use fields, principle preparation of the invention and this hair are passed through The bright same or analogous device of structure belongs to the technical characteristic scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of drawing type cassava harvester, including body（6）, the motor installed in body one end（7）, in body（6）Outside with Motor（7）With the eave tile of one end（1）And and eave tile（1）The handle of the relative other end（23）, it is characterised in that the motor（7） Output shaft and body（6）Interior eccentric shaft（9）It is connected, eccentric shaft（9）Pass through connecting rod（30）And round pin（29）With piston （28）Connection so that eccentric shaft（9）Circular motion be changed into piston（28）Reciprocating motion, piston（28）It is arranged on body （6）Interior cylinder（14）In, in cylinder（14）In be additionally provided with jump bit（27）And punching pin（25）, piston（28）With jump bit （27）Between form left air chamber（28-1）, in jump bit（27）With punching pin（25）Between form right air chamber（27-1）, body（6）Under Part eccentric shaft（9）, connecting rod（30）, piston（28）Left side forms body air chamber（11）, punching pin（25）Tail end be provided with punching Sub- endoporus, impact bar（17）Stretch into punching pin endoporus and to form dynamic cooperation, impact bar with punching pin endoporus（17）It is fixed with floor（18）, Floor（18）It is fixed on drawing bar（3）One end, drawing bar（3）The other end pass through fitting sleeve（2）It is connected to eave tile（1）, hook Head（1）Use fitting sleeve（2）With drawing driving lever（3）Left end threaded connection fastening, draws driving lever（3）It is arranged close to eave tile（3）One end Linear bearing（31）With close handle（23）The opening linear bearing of one end（24）In hole, it can realize that left and right is moved back and forth；Cylinder Outer barrel（13）Left side external screw thread and body（6）It is connected, cylinder（14）It is installed on cylinder outer barrel（13）In hole, cylinder（14）It is right Side external screw thread and cylinder outer barrel（13）Right side internal thread sealing fastening, cylinder outer barrel（13）The distribution of left end endoporus circumference is welded with 4 Block ladder tooth（32）, cylinder（14）Left side external cylindrical surface and 4 pieces of ladder teeth（32）Formed circle coordinate, and with cylinder outer barrel（13）It is interior Hole wall leaves certain gap and forms air flue.

2. drawing type cassava harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in casing（20）Inwall is dialled with drawing Bar（3）The corresponding position of movement locus is provided with buffering adhesive（21）.