CN105937439B - 用于内燃机的增压装置 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的增压装置 Download PDF

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CN105937439B
CN105937439B CN201610122487.XA CN201610122487A CN105937439B CN 105937439 B CN105937439 B CN 105937439B CN 201610122487 A CN201610122487 A CN 201610122487A CN 105937439 B CN105937439 B CN 105937439B
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air
flow line
main flow
charger
check
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CN105937439A (zh
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E·鲁奇曼
P·罗森博格
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0412—Multiple heat exchangers arranged in parallel or in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0475—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly the intake air cooler being combined with another device, e.g. heater, valve, compressor, filter or EGR cooler, or being assembled on a special engine location
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • F02B37/162—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air by bypassing, e.g. partially, intake air from pump inlet to pump outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10255—Arrangements of valves; Multi-way valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的增压装置，该增压装置具有至少一个排气涡轮增压器(1，2)、被安排在该排气涡轮增压器(1，2)下游的至少一个增压空气冷却器(LLK)、以及能够被电力驱动的一个附加压缩机(电动助力器6，7)，该电动助力器(6，7)被安排在该增压空气冷却器(LLK)的下游的对于通向该内燃机的节气门(4)的主流动管路(3)的一个旁路(5)中，该主流动管路(3)能够借助于作用在回流方向上的一个止回阀(9)来关闭。

Description

用于内燃机的增压装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的增压装置，该增压装置具有至少一个排气涡轮增压器、被安排在该排气涡轮增压器下游的至少一个增压空气冷却器、以及能够被电力驱动的附加压缩机(电动助力器(e-booster))。
背景技术
在内燃机中为了减少CO2排放、同时对于发动机功率输出越来越高要求的所谓“小型化”的发展使得对于改善这种类型的内燃机的尤其在低发动机转速下的响应特性需要复杂的措施。例如，只有以这种方式可以减少或者避免起动劣势和在加速行为方面的劣势。尤其在排气涡轮增压器的情况中，需要一定的排气量来积聚增压压力，然而仅在达到相对较高的发动机转速或在相对较高的发动机功率输出时该排气量才是可用的。从现有技术中已知各种不同的方法以便减少在增压内燃机与自然进气发动机相比的情况下的所述劣势。
在DE 10 2009 026 469 A1中提出：将作为附加高压压缩机的电动助力器与低压增压装置的压缩机部分串联连接，并且经由转换阀额外地将由压缩空气存储器压缩的空气引入到内燃机的燃烧室中，以便克服起动阶段。
DE 10 2012 005 225 A1披露了电动助力器在压缩空气到进气歧管的平行管线中的安排，具有用于使空气从电动助力器流到进气歧管的流动开口的环形构型。
在US 6 062 026、CH 632 559和JP 2006 170 060 A中披露和描述了具有电动助力器的类似构造的其它解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于内燃机的增压装置的特别简单的构造，其避免了已知系统的劣势并且能够在希望额外增压的整个范围上有效地辅助主增压装置。
本发明由此实现这个目的，电动助力器在增压空气冷却器的下游被安排对于通向内燃机的节气门的主流动管路而言的旁路中，该主流动管路可以借助于在回流方向上作用的止回阀来关闭。
当在该电动助力器下游、在额外的压缩空气供给到通向节气门的主流动管路之前设置增压空气冷却器时，根据本发明的增压装置是特别有利和有效的。
在布置有多于一个的排气涡轮增压器或连接在该排气涡轮增压器下游的增压空气冷却器的情况中，相宜的是，将增压空气供给至唯一的主流动管路，从该唯一的主流动管路分支出旁路管线并且用于电动助力器的止回阀被安排在该主流动管路中。
特别有利的是，防止增压空气朝排气涡轮增压器的方向回流的止回阀的尺寸被确定为使得该止回阀仅在由该排气涡轮增压器或这些排气涡轮增压器产生足够高的增压压力的情况下才打开。
附图说明
附图示意性地示出了根据本发明的增压装置的构造。本发明的这些特征和细节将在下文中参照附图更加详细地进行解释，在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的在正常运行状态下的增压装置，具有在主流动管路中的打开的止回阀以及具有在旁路管线中的关闭的电动助力器并且
图2示出了根据本发明的增压装置，具有两个排气涡轮增压器1和2并且具有在主流动管路3中的关闭的止回阀9和在旁路管线5中对应的开启的压缩机(电动助力器)6。
具体实施方式
在实施例中，所述排气涡轮增压器1和2分别从例如两个气缸组例如经由空气过滤器被供给排气和额外空气。压缩和由于压缩过程而加热的空气被供给至增压空气冷却器LLK用于冷却并且经由主流动管路3的增压空气冷却器LLK被供给至节气门4用于给送到内燃机的燃烧室(未示出)中。另一个压缩机6被安排在主流动管路3的旁路管线5中，该另一个压缩机6可以经由电机7来电力驱动。根据本发明和在示例性实施例中，压缩机6或其电机7被称为电动助力器。由于借助于电机的驱动，在电动助力器6、7中可以直接产生高压缩功率，并且以此方式被额外高度压缩的空气以高度增压的状态经由增压空气冷却器8在节气门4上游被供给到主流动管路3中并且被输送至内燃机的燃烧室。
在内燃机的正常运行状态下，被安排在主流动管路3中的止回阀9是打开的，使得全部增压空气流可以经由主流动管路3流动至节气门。止回阀9被布置为使得其在正常运行期间在回流增压空气冷却器LLK或排气涡轮增压器1、2的方向上关断主流动管路3。
如果没有借助于排气涡轮增压器1、2产生足够高的增压空气压力，止回阀9关断主流动管路3，并且没有被足够压缩的增压空气经由旁路5被引导处于运行中的用于高压缩的电动助力器6、7中并且经由配属于电动助力器的增压空气冷却器8在节气门4上游被供给到主流动管路3中。止回阀9借助于由电动助力器6、7产生的增压压力而保持关闭直到借助于排气涡轮增压器1、2可以积聚足够高的增压压力，并且止回阀9在主流动管路3朝向节气门4打开的方向上被施压。从此时起，可以关闭电动助力器6、7并且增压空气流仅经由主流动管路3流动至节气门4。
如果在对应的负载或发动机转速范围中，增压压力降至低于可以由电动助力器6、7产生的增压压力，则可以再次开启电动助力器6、7。因此，在主流动管路3中的止回阀9再次被压关闭并且将来自排气涡轮增压器1和/或2的增压空气经由旁路管线5引导至电动助力器6、7以用于额外增压。
附图标记清单
1，2 排气涡轮增压器
3 主流动管路
4 节气门
5 旁路管线
6 压缩机{电动助力器}
7 电机{电动助力器}
8 电动助力器6、7的增压空气冷却器
9 止回阀
LF 空气过滤器
LLK 增压空气冷却器

Claims (3)

1.一种用于内燃机的增压装置，该增压装置具有：具有下游的至少一个排气涡轮增压器(1，2)、安排在该排气涡轮增压器(1，2)下游的至少一个增压空气冷却器(LLK)、从至少一个增压空气冷却器延伸到内燃机的主流动管路(3)、在通向内燃机的主流动管路中的节气门(4)、在至少一个增压空气冷却器和节气门(4)之间位于主流动管路中的止回阀(9)，该止回阀被设置成在来自至少一个增压空气冷却器的增压空气的压力低于特定水平时关闭主流动管路，以及具有包括压缩机和电力驱动压缩机的电机的电动助力器(6，7)，其特征在于，该电动助力器(6，7)在该至少一个增压空气冷却器(LLK)的下游和止回阀的上游设置在主流动管路(3)的旁路(5)中，另一增压空气冷却器被设置在电动助力器下游的旁路中用于在止回阀的下游和内燃机的节气门上游向主流动管路输送冷空气，其中，当来自至少一个增压空气冷却器的增压空气的压力低于特定水平时，主流动管路由止回阀关闭，而允许冷空气从电动助力器流向节气门并防止朝至少一个排气涡轮增压器的回流。
2.如权利要求1所述的增压装置，其特征在于，在布置有多于一个的排气涡轮增压器(1，2)或连接在该排气涡轮增压器下游的增压空气冷却器(LLK)的情况下，增压空气被供给至主流动管路(3)，止回阀(9)被安排在该主流动管路中并且从该主流动管路分支出通向该电动助力器(6，7)的该旁路(5)。
3.如以上权利要求之一所述的增压装置，其特征在于，防止增压空气朝排气涡轮增压器(1，2)的方向回流的止回阀(9)的尺寸被确定为使得该止回阀仅在由该排气涡轮增压器(1，2)产生足够高的增压压力的情况下才打开。
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