CN105936477B - A kind of lightweight Multifunctional container gantry crane and its anti-shake method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane and an anti-sway method thereof, which comprises a door frame assembly, a walking trolley installed on the four corners of the door frame assembly, and a traveling trolley installed on the door frame assembly. The hoisting mechanism and the spreader are characterized in that: the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting hoisting mechanism, a drag-type fixed pulley trolley, and a dragging-type walking hoisting mechanism, and the hoisting hoisting mechanism is distributed on the mast assembly At the lower end, the drag-type fixed pulley trolley is matched with the main beam of the gantry assembly. The drag-type walking winch mechanism is installed above the main beam. Drag and drop. The present invention utilizes the characteristic of stability of the triangle, combined with the characteristic of automatic balance of the eccentric damping pulley, so as to realize the purpose of anti-shaking of the spreader of the container gantry crane.

Description

A lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane and its anti-sway method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of cranes, in particular to a lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane and an anti-sway method thereof.

Background technique

The traditional hoisting mechanism is composed of a trolley, a hoisting hoist system, a fixed pulley block, and a traveling system. It has a large volume and its own weight is larger than its lifting capacity, especially for container cranes. After integration, it is placed on the main girder. Unnecessary additional load is caused to the main beam. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to research and develop the construction technology and equipment of lightweight, efficient and advanced lightweight multifunctional container gantry cranes.

In addition, there are unpredictable operating inertia and wind loads, which cause the spreader and container to sway back and forth in the vertical plane, and torsion and vibration in the horizontal plane.

This swaying, torsion, and vibration not only directly affect the alignment time of the container and the comfort and safety of the operation during the loading and unloading process, but also often cause the container to collide. If the collision is frequent, it will have a great impact on the stability and reliability of the electrical and hydraulic systems of the railway container crane spreader. According to statistics, 80% of the faults of railway container bridge cranes are caused by the spreader, and 80% of the faults of the spreader are caused by the operation of the container. It can be seen that the swing, torsion, and vibration of the spreader are the main reasons affecting the working efficiency of the railway container crane, and have become the bottleneck of the railway container crane in terms of improving efficiency, reducing failure rate, and reducing labor intensity. Therefore, in order to ensure the efficient operation of the railway container crane, it is necessary to effectively control the swing, twist and vibration of the spreader.

This swaying, torsion, and vibration not only directly affect the alignment time of the container and the comfort and safety of the operation during the loading and unloading process, but also often cause the container to collide. If the collision is frequent, it will have a great impact on the stability and reliability of the electrical and hydraulic systems of the railway container crane spreader. According to statistics, 80% of the faults of railway container bridge cranes are caused by the spreader, and 80% of the faults of the spreader are caused by the operation of the container. It can be seen that the swing, torsion, and vibration of the spreader are the main reasons affecting the working efficiency of the railway container crane, and have become the bottleneck of the railway container crane in terms of improving efficiency, reducing failure rate, and reducing labor intensity. Therefore, in order to ensure the efficient operation of the railway container crane, it is necessary to effectively control the swing, twist and vibration of the spreader.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a light-weight multifunctional container gantry crane and its anti-sway method with simple structure, flexible operation and effective reduction of crane weight in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane, which includes a gantry assembly, a walking trolley installed on the four corners of the gantry assembly, and a The hoisting mechanism, spreader, driver's cab, electrical system, and cable reel are characterized in that: the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting hoisting mechanism, a drag-type fixed pulley trolley, and a dragging-type walking hoisting mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is distributed on the outriggers of the mast assembly, and the tow-type fixed pulley trolley is matched with the main beam of the mast assembly. The towing hoisting mechanism is installed above the main beam. The drag-type fixed pulley trolley is correspondingly dragged by the drag-type walking winch mechanism.

According to the above technical solution, the door frame assembly includes two door frames arranged in parallel, the door frame is composed of a main beam and legs at both ends of the main beam, and the two door frames are connected by an upper beam and a lower beam. Each mast is equipped with a set of hoisting mechanisms, and on the main girder there is a running track matched with the tow-type fixed pulley trolley. Each set of hoisting mechanisms includes two sets of hoisting hoisting mechanisms, Fixed pulley trolley, a set of drag type walking winch mechanism.

According to the above technical solution, each set of hoisting mechanisms also includes a pulley block, an eccentric redirection damping pulley for guiding, a two-way lifting drum, and a steel wire rope wound on the two-way lifting drum, the pulley block, and the damping pulley. The steel wire rope group forms a plurality of inverted triangles at the spatial position between the spreader and the fixed pulley trolley, and the lower vertices of the inverted triangles are symmetrically distributed on the spreader.

According to the above technical scheme, each group of dragging type fixed pulley trolleys is composed of a first dragging type fixed pulley trolley and a second dragging type fixed pulley trolley, both of which have the same structure, and each dragging type fixed pulley trolley includes small The frame is equipped with a traveling wheel set on the trolley frame, and a set of fixed pulleys is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the traveling wheel set. Each set of fixed pulleys is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side. Two dragging fixed pulleys The trolleys are connected by connecting rods, and the fixed pulleys of the first dragging type fixed pulley trolley and the second dragging type fixed pulley trolley are arranged in an internal and external dislocation.

According to the above technical solution, the pulley block includes 4 fixed pulleys set on each dragging type fixed pulley trolley, 4 sets of movable pulleys set on the spreader, each set of movable pulleys includes two movable pulleys, and the wire rope set includes the left side The steel wire rope and the right steel wire rope, one end of the left steel wire rope is fixed on a pair of two-way hoisting drums, and the other end corresponds to the fixed pulley on the first drag type fixed pulley trolley and the two movable pulleys on the spreader. , wound and fixed on the two-way lifting drum, one end of the right steel wire rope is fixed on the other two-way lifting drum, and the other end corresponds to the four fixed pulleys and spreaders on the second dragging fixed pulley trolley After the two movable pulleys on the roller are configured, they are wound and fixed on the two-way lifting drum.

According to the above technical solution, the four corners of the left steel wire ropes are respectively guided by the first guide pulley set on the first guide pulley set and the second guide pulley set distributed around each gantry, and the first guide pulley set includes Two concentric guide pulleys on the left side of the mast and two eccentric redirection damping pulleys on the right side of the mast, the four corners of the steel wire rope on the right side are respectively guided by the second guide pulley group; the second The guide pulley block includes two eccentric redirection damping pulleys arranged on the left side of the mast and two concentric guide pulleys arranged on the right side of the mast.

According to the above technical solution, the hanger is provided with 4 connecting seats on the upper hanger for connecting with the moving pulley block.

The anti-sway method of the above-mentioned lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1. Two sets of fixed pulleys are arranged symmetrically at both ends of the first and second drag-type fixed pulley trolleys. Each set of fixed pulleys is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side. The trolleys are connected by connecting rods, and there are 4 sets of moving pulleys symmetrically arranged on the spreader, each set of moving pulleys is 2 moving pulleys, and each set of moving pulleys corresponds to a set of fixed pulleys on the dragging type fixed pulley trolley. The distance between the fixed pulleys of the trolley is greater than the distance between the two sets of movable pulleys, and the distance between the two sets of fixed pulleys of each trolley is greater than the distance between the two movable pulleys of each set of movable pulleys;

Step 2: Divide the steel wire rope groups into left steel wire ropes and right steel wire ropes, distribute the first guide pulley group and the second guide pulley group around each gantry, and the four corners of the left steel wire ropes respectively pass through the first guide pulley group guide, the first guide pulley set includes two concentric guide pulleys installed on the left side of the mast and two eccentric redirection damping pulleys installed on the right side of the mast, the four corners of the right wire rope pass through The second guide pulley set is guided; the second guide pulley set includes two eccentric redirection damping pulleys arranged on the left side of the mast and two concentric guide pulleys arranged on the right side of the mast;

Step 3. The winding method of the left steel wire rope is:

One end of the left steel wire rope is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the left hoisting mechanism, and the other end goes through concentric guide pulleys, a certain pulley on the first drag-type fixed pulley trolley, a moving pulley on the spreader, the first The fixed pulley on the pulley fixed pulley trolley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the other set of fixed pulleys on the first pull type fixed pulley trolley, the movable pulley on the spreader, the first pulley The fixed pulley on the fixed pulley trolley, the concentric guide pulley, and finally return to the two-way lifting drum of the left lifting hoist to wind and fix;

Step 4. The winding method of the wire rope on the right side:

One end of the right side steel wire rope is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the right hoisting mechanism, and the other end walks the concentric guide pulley, the certain pulley on the second drag type fixed pulley trolley, a moving pulley on the spreader, the second The fixed pulley on the drag-type fixed pulley trolley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the other set of fixed pulleys on the second drag-type fixed pulley trolley, the movable pulley on the spreader, the second drag The fixed pulley and the concentric guide pulley on the type fixed pulley trolley are finally returned to the two-way hoisting drum of the right hoisting machine to be wound and fixed.

According to the above technical solution, the bottom diameter circle of the wire rope of the eccentric redirection damping pulley and the center pin shaft of the pulley are in an eccentric structure.

After the wire rope is wound, due to the difference in distance between the two dragging fixed pulley trolleys and the two moving pulley blocks, between the dragging fixed pulley trolley and the spreader, the wire rope projection forms a triangle along the main beam section; due to the dragging fixed pulley trolley The distance difference between the left and right fixed pulleys and the left and right movable pulleys of the movable pulley block, the projection of the steel wire rope forms a triangle on the vertical main beam section; similarly, the projection of the steel wire rope on any other section forms a triangle.

After the wire rope is wound, since the eccentric redirection damping pulley has an automatic balance function, the constrained steel wire rope drives the eccentric redirection damping pulley to rotate.

Combining the above steps, after the wire rope is wound, the anti-sway function of the spreader is realized by utilizing the stability of the triangle and the automatic balance of the eccentric redirection damping pulley.

The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows: 1. Each hoisting hoisting mechanism of the present invention is correspondingly distributed on the four corners of the mast assembly, and its position distribution realizes the downward movement of the center of gravity of the whole machine and reduces the load of the upper structure 2. The hoisting mechanism of the present invention forms a plurality of inverted triangles along the direction of the main girder and the direction perpendicular to the main girder, and through multi-directional triangular arrangements and with damping pulleys, the lifting mechanism in each direction is realized. The purpose of anti-shaking; 3. The 4 sets of hoisting winches of the present invention can be used for one single action, or two or three or four joint actions for loading and unloading other goods, so as to realize one machine with multiple functions and flexible operation. The asymmetrical movement of the towing trolleys of the two sets of lifting mechanisms on the two masts can realize the ±30° rotation function of loading and unloading containers, which is convenient for container alignment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the mast assembly in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the mast assembly in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main beam in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the main girder in the present invention.

7-8 are schematic layout diagrams of the lifting mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the front view of the tow-type fixed pulley trolley in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the tow-type fixed pulley trolley in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the winding of a group of wire ropes of the hoisting mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of wire rope winding for a two-way hoisting drum in the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the wire rope winding of the traveling reel in the dragging type traveling hoist.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the left wire rope winding and the right wire rope winding.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an inverted triangle formed by the winding of the left steel wire rope and the right steel wire rope along the direction of the main girder.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an inverted triangle formed by the left wire rope winding in the direction perpendicular to the main girder.

Fig. 17 is a main sectional view of the damping pulley in the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the damping pulley in the present invention.

19-20 are schematic diagrams of torque analysis of the damping pulley in the present invention.

Figure 21 is the front view of the spreader in the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a top view of the sling in the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a front view of the upper hanger in the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a top view of the upper hanger in the present invention.

25-28 are structural schematic diagrams of the relay lock mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 29 is the front view of the walking trolley in the present invention.

Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of jacks at both ends of the trolley frame in the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a light-weight multifunctional container gantry crane, which includes a gantry assembly 1, a walking trolley 4 installed on the four corners of the gantry assembly 1, an The hoisting mechanism 2, spreader 3, driver's cab 5, stairway railing 6, electrical system 7, cable reel 62, and windproof anchor 63 arranged on the mast assembly.

As shown in Figure 3-6, the door frame assembly includes two door frames arranged in parallel, the door frame is composed of a main beam 8 and legs 9 at both ends of the main beam 8, and the two door frames pass through the upper beam 10. The lower beam 12 is connected, and a small beam 11 can be set between the upper beam and the lower beam. The main structural form of the main beam 8 adopts a box-shaped beam section, with partitions and longitudinal ribs, and ear beams are set on both sides of the lower part as The trolley walks on the track. The ear beam structure is composed of wear plates 13 , ear beam cover plates 14 , ear beam webs 15 , and ear beam partitions 16 . The ear beam is set with a downward slope of 1:5, which is convenient for the automatic centering of the wheels when the tow-type fixed pulley trolley is running, and the wear plate is convenient for quick replacement. The legs 9 are variable cross-section structures. Both the small beam 11 and the lower beam 12 are of box beam structure. The upper beam 10, the small beam 11 and the outriggers 12 on each side form a "well" structure, which is convenient for quick overall assembly on site.

As shown in Figure 7-8, each mast is equipped with a set of hoisting mechanisms. There are two sets of hoisting mechanisms on the mast assembly. Symmetrical movement realizes ±30° rotation function for loading and unloading containers, which is convenient for container alignment. Every group of hoisting mechanisms includes two sets of hoisting hoisting mechanisms 17, one group of dragging type fixed pulley trolley 18, and a set of dragging type walking hoisting mechanisms 19. Each hoisting hoisting mechanism 17 is correspondingly distributed on each lower beam 12, located at the outrigger 9 and penetrating through the outrigger. The position distribution of it realizes the downward movement of the center of gravity of the whole machine, reduces the load weight of the upper structure, and realizes the container door The structure of the crane itself is lightweight. The dragging type fixed pulley dolly 18 is hung on the lower ear beam of the main beam 8 of the door frame, and the dragging type walking winch mechanism 19 is installed on the top of the main beam 8 . In the present invention, the force bearing of the mast assembly is improved through the decentralized arrangement of the hoisting mechanism.

In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism has an anti-sway function, and each group of lifting mechanisms also includes a pulley block, a two-way lifting drum, and a steel wire rope set wound on the two-way lifting drum and the pulley block, and the steel wire rope set A plurality of inverted triangles are formed at the spatial position between the spreader and the fixed pulley trolley, and the lower vertices of the inverted triangles are symmetrically distributed on the spreader. The invention utilizes the geometric principle to form a flexible connection with certain rigidity through the winding angle and different fixed positions of the steel wire rope groups, thus adding geometric interference damping to the hanger with the nature of a single pendulum, and eliminating the inertial swing amplitude , thereby eliminating the swing of the spreader and realizing multi-directional anti-sway.

Wherein, the hoisting hoist mechanism 17 adopts the same direction and two-way lifting reel, and one side is left-handed, and the other side is right-handed (as shown in Figure 12), and the steel wire ropes are respectively fixed on the two ends or the middle part of the reel body, and it passes through the brake and the right-handed reel. The encoder is driven by a variable frequency geared motor. 2 pieces are respectively established on the left and right sides of the lower beam, 4 pieces in total.

As shown in Figures 9-10, each group of dragging type fixed pulley trolleys 18 is composed of a first dragging type fixed pulley trolley and a second dragging type fixed pulley trolley. Beam on the walking track of the ear beam. Each dragging type fixed pulley trolley comprises trolley frame 26, is provided with traveling wheel set 29 and 1 group of fixed pulleys 27 symmetrically on both sides of trolley frame 26, and each group of fixed pulleys is made up of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side, Each set of fixed pulleys is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side, and the two sets of fixed pulleys of the two fixed pulley trolleys are arranged in a misalignment to avoid wire rope interference. Both ends of trolley frame 26 are all provided with sheave 25. The running wheel set 29 is a tapered structure. Link to each other by connecting rod 28 between two drag-type fixed pulley dollies, form a group. In order to ensure that the trolley runs smoothly, a buffer device 23 (shown in FIG. 7 ) is provided at the extreme position of the trolley frame running track. A tensioning device 22 is also arranged on the trolley frame, and its tensioning device 22 adopts a spiral mechanical locking structure and is designed for adjusting the length of the wire rope. Wherein, the trolley frame 26 is a main structural part and a bearing part, and has sufficient strength, rigidity, fatigue strength and stability. For ease of installation, the trolley frame 26 is designed in sections, and the joints are connected by high-strength flange bolts.

As shown in Figures 7 and 11, the drag-type traveling hoist mechanism includes a traveling hoist 19, a third guide pulley block 20 distributed at the four corners of each mast, and the third guide pulley block 20 includes 4 concentric guide pulleys. The wire rope winding method is as follows: the drag type wire rope 24 is fixed on the traveling hoist, winds from the traveling hoist to the No. 13 concentric guide pulley, passes through the No. 14 concentric guide pulley, passes through the tensioning device on the trolley frame, and passes through the No. 15 concentric guide pulley The pulleys go on No. 16 concentric guide pulleys, and finally return to the traveling hoist. The drum rope grooves are in the same direction of rotation, and the two ends or the middle are equipped with locking wire rope devices.

The anti-sway method of above-mentioned crane comprises the steps:

Step 1. Two sets of fixed pulleys 27 are respectively symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first and second dragging type fixed pulley trolleys. Each set of fixed pulleys is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side. Set of movable pulleys 22, each set of movable pulleys includes 2 movable pulleys, each set of movable pulleys 22 corresponds to two sets of fixed pulleys 27 on the towed fixed pulley trolley, and the distance between the two trolleys is greater than the two sets of movable pulleys (two groups along the direction of the main beam) The distance between the two sets of fixed pulleys of each trolley (vertical to the main beam direction) is greater than the distance between the left and right movable pulleys of each set of movable pulleys;

Step 2: Divide the steel wire rope group into left steel wire rope 30 and right steel wire rope 31, respectively set the first guide pulley group and the second guide pulley group around the upper end of the mast assembly, the first guide pulley group is used to surround the left steel wire rope guide, the first guide pulley set includes two concentric guide pulleys installed on the left side of the mast and two eccentric redirection damping pulleys installed on the right side of the mast, and the second guide pulley set is used for the right wire rope Surrounding the guide, the second guide pulley set includes two eccentric redirection damping pulleys arranged on the left side of the mast and two concentric guide pulleys arranged on the right side of the mast. The wire rope bottom diameter circle of the eccentric redirection damping pulley and the center pin shaft circle 32 of the pulley are eccentric structures (as shown in Figures 19 and 20); the deflection angle when the wire rope winds into or out of the pulley rope groove is less than 3° . When the damping pulley is balanced, the turning radius L1=L2, the turning moment, L1*F=L2*F; when the damping pulley rotates, the turning radius L1 at one rope entry becomes larger, and the turning radius L2 at the other rope entry becomes smaller, L1*F>L2*F, naturally forms a torque to prevent its rotation, and keeps the torque balance at the two ropes. The pin shaft of the guide wheel adopts a material with a large friction coefficient to increase the friction resistance and restrain the rotation of the pulley. The design of the pulley fully considers the convenience of pulley inspection, lubrication, installation and replacement, and is equipped with a protection device to prevent the wire rope from falling out of the groove;

Step 3, as shown in Figures 11 and 14, the winding method of the left wire rope 30 is:

One end of the left steel wire rope 30 is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the left hoisting mechanism, and the other end is correspondingly wound to the No. 20 concentric guide pulley, No. 4 fixed pulley, No. 10 movable pulley, and No. 3 fixed pulley. Take No. 19 eccentric redirection damping pulley, No. 18 eccentric redirection damping pulley, No. 6 fixed pulley, No. 11 movable pulley, No. 5 fixed pulley, No. 17 concentric guide pulley, and finally return to the left hoisting hoist Wrapped and fixed on the two-way lifting reel.

Step 4. As shown in Figures 11 and 14, the winding method of the wire rope on the right side is:

One end of the wire rope 31 on the right side is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the winch mechanism on the right side, and the other end corresponds to the No. 23 concentric guide pulley on the first dragging type fixed pulley trolley, and the No. 1 fixed pulley is used, and the No. 9 fixed pulley is used. Moving pulley, No. 2 fixed pulley, No. 24 eccentric redirection damping pulley, No. 21 eccentric redirection damping pulley, No. 7 fixed pulley, No. 12 movable pulley, No. 8 fixed pulley, No. 22 second guide pulley , and finally return to the two-way hoisting drum of the hoist on the right side to wind and fix it.

Step 5: After the steel wire rope is wound, due to the difference in distance between the two drag-type fixed pulley trolleys and the two moving pulley blocks, between the drag-type fixed pulley trolley and the spreader, the projection of the steel wire rope forms a triangle along the main beam section (as shown in Figure 15 shown); due to the difference in spacing between the left and right fixed pulleys of the drag-type fixed pulley trolley and the left and right movable pulleys of the movable pulley block, the projection of the steel wire rope forms a triangle on the vertical main beam section (as shown in Figure 16); similarly, the projection of the steel wire rope on any other The cross-sections all form a triangle;

Step 6: After the steel wire rope is wound, since the eccentric redirection damping pulley has an automatic balance function, the wire rope is constrained to drive the eccentric redirection damping pulley to rotate;

Step 7. Combining the above steps, after the wire rope is wound, the anti-sway function of the spreader is realized by utilizing the stability of the triangle and the automatic balance of the eccentric redirection damping pulley.

To sum up, the 4 sets of hoisting winches of the present invention can be used for one single action, or two or three or four joint actions for loading and unloading other goods, so as to realize one machine with multiple functions.

As shown in Figures 21-24, the hanger in this embodiment includes an upper hanger 64, a rotary mechanism, and a lower hanger 33. The upper hanger 64 is connected with the lower hanger 33 through a rotary mechanism, and the rotary mechanism is used to realize The lower hanger is 360-degree rotatable, and the upper hanger 64 is provided with four connecting seats 34, which are used to realize quick connection by the bearing pin and the movable pulley. Guide plates 35 are arranged on the two right-angle sides of the lower hanger 33 for realizing quick positioning when the container is hoisted. A turn lock mechanism 36 is installed at both ends of the end beam 37 of the lower hanger 33 .

In this embodiment, the rotary mechanism includes a rotary motor 65 installed on the upper hanger 64, a worm gear mechanism 66 connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor 65, and a rotary shaft 67 configured with the worm gear mechanism. The upper connecting seat of 67 links to each other with the upper hanger 64, and the lower connecting seat on the rotary shaft links to each other with the lower hanger 33, to realize the 360-degree rotation of the lower hanger, and realize the loading and unloading requirements of the "door-to-door" of the railway container.

As shown in Figures 25-28, the twist lock mechanism includes an electric push rod 38, an eccentric wheel 39, a linkage mechanism 40, a guide wheel assembly 41, and a twist lock assembly 42. One end of the electric push rod 38 is connected to the eccentric wheel 39 is connected, the eccentric wheel 39 is connected with the link mechanism 40, and the link mechanism 40 is connected with the twist lock assembly 42, and the guide wheel assembly 41 provides the guiding function for the link mechanism 40. According to reasonable stroke calculation, the electric push rod 38 drives the eccentric wheel 39 to rotate 90°, and then the connecting rod mechanism 40 can drive the rotary pin of the rotary lock assembly to rotate 90°, so that the rotary lock mechanism can be opened and closed. The electric push rod 38 is an electric actuator. Its working principle is that the rotation of the motor is changed into a linear motion through the worm or gear, and the connecting rod mechanism can complete the reciprocating action by pushing and pulling back and forth. It has the advantages of small size, convenient installation, and environmental protection. It has the advantages of no pollution, stable operation, large load, high precision and synchronous automatic control. The electric push rod adopts a minimum thrust of 300kg.f. As shown in Figure 27, the link mechanism 40 includes a swing rod 43, a horizontal rod 44, and a pull rod 45 connected in sequence, the swing rod 43 is connected to the eccentric wheel 39, and the horizontal rod 44 is configured with the guide wheel assembly 41. The pull rod 15 is connected with the twist lock assembly 42 . Wherein, the horizontal bar 44 can do linear motion along the guide wheel assembly 41; Wherein, as shown in Figure 28, the twist lock assembly is made up of revolving pin 46, seat ring 47, sliding sleeve 48, slide plate 49, convex ball block 50, concave ball block 51, guide sleeve 52. The seat ring 47 is composed of a male and a female seat ring, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. This mechanism drives the seat ring 47 to rotate by the link mechanism 40, thereby drives the rotating pin 46 to rotate. Oil grooves are set in the slide plate 49, the convex ball block 50, and the concave ball block 51, which is convenient for lubrication. The guide sleeve 52 can protect the revolving pin 46 from mechanical damage when the container is hoisted.

When it is necessary to lift the container, control the whereabouts of the spreader, use the guide plates 35 on both sides of the spreader to realize the precise positioning of the revolving pin, adjust the spreader so that the four turnlock hooks are aligned with the four oblong holes of the container, and then lower the spreader. The limit sensors of the four corners of the container transmit signals to the control room. After the position is in place, the electric push rod is activated, and the revolving pin is driven to rotate 90 degrees through the linkage mechanism, and the revolving lock head is fastened to the lock hole; the container and the spreader are locked as a whole, In the locked state, it can be lifted.

The spreader in the present invention adopts the electric push rod to drive the rotary lock mechanism, which has few structural elements, compact structure, convenient installation and debugging, safe and reliable performance, and easy to ensure the transmission accuracy of the mechanism. Through the rotary mechanism, the container can be rotated freely by 360 degrees, which is effective. The work efficiency is improved, and the "door-to-door" loading and unloading requirements of railway containers are realized. And in the case of small and medium-sized freight yards, the spreader can be replaced at any time according to the needs to realize the loading and unloading operations of different boxes, which simplifies the system, is light in weight, easy to maintain, and can effectively reduce the load of the main girder and the running power of the whole machine. Reduce the cost of the spreader.

In this embodiment, the wheels of the traveling trolley are load-bearing traveling parts of the whole machine, and frequent work over the years may easily cause wheel rim wear and bearing damage. Therefore, the present invention focuses on the structure that can quickly replace the wheels of the traveling trolley. As shown in Figures 29-30, the traveling trolley includes a balance beam 55, the upper end of the balance beam 55 is connected to the lower crossbeam of the door frame assembly through a hinge seat 54, and the lower end is connected to the trolley frame 56. The frame 56 is equipped with a geared motor 53 with a brake and an encoder, and a traveling wheel set 57. A jack seat matched with a jack 59 is provided on the front end of the balance beam 55. Both sides of the trolley frame 56 are provided with There is a jack seat 61 matched with the jack 58. The three jack seats are equipped with three jacks correspondingly, forming a triangular structure. When the traveling wheel set needs to be replaced, the jack is in place and starts to lift to make the traveling wheel leave the rail surface. Use tools to separate the bearing from the trolley frame, and then carry out the traveling wheel assembly. Group replacement.

The metal materials of the gantry assembly in the present invention are all made of high-strength weather-resistant steel. Through the optimization of the structure, compared with the traditional crane of the same type and function, the weight is only 1/2, which effectively reduces the weight of the crane and realizes The lightweight of the whole machine.

Claims (8)

1. A light-weight multifunctional container gantry crane, which includes a gantry assembly, a walking trolley installed on the four corners of the gantry assembly, a lifting mechanism installed on the gantry assembly, and a spreader , driver’s cab, electrical system, and cable reel, characterized in that: the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting hoisting mechanism, a drag-type fixed pulley trolley, and a dragging-type walking hoisting mechanism, and the hoisting hoisting mechanism is distributed on the mast On the outriggers of the assembly, a drag-type fixed pulley trolley is arranged with the main beam of the gantry assembly, and the drag-type walking winch mechanism is installed above the main beam. Drag-and-pull traveling hoisting mechanism, the gantry assembly includes two parallel gantry frames, the gantry frames are composed of main girders and outriggers at both ends of the main girder, and the two gantry frames pass through the upper beam, the lower The beams are connected, and a set of hoisting mechanisms is set on each gantry, and a running track matched with a tow-type fixed pulley trolley is set on the main beam. Each set of hoisting mechanisms includes two sets of hoisting hoisting mechanisms, one A set of drag-type fixed pulley trolleys, and a set of drag-type walking winch mechanism. 2. A lightweight multi-functional container gantry crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: said each group of lifting mechanisms also includes pulley blocks, eccentric redirection damping pulleys for guiding, two-way lifting coils Drum and the steel wire rope group wound on the two-way lifting drum, pulley group and damping pulley, the steel wire rope group forms a plurality of inverted triangles at the spatial position between the spreader and the fixed pulley trolley, and the inverted triangle The lower vertices are symmetrically distributed on the spreader. 3. A lightweight multi-functional container gantry crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: said each group of towed fixed pulley trolleys is composed of a first towed fixed sheave trolley and a second towed fixed sheave trolley. The two pulley trolleys are composed of the same structure. Each drag-type fixed pulley trolley includes a trolley frame, and a traveling wheel set is arranged on the trolley frame. A set of fixed pulleys is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the traveling wheel set. Each set The fixed pulley is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side, and the two dragging fixed pulley trolleys are connected by a connecting rod. layout. 4. A lightweight multi-functional container gantry crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: said pulley block includes 4 fixed pulleys arranged on each dragging type fixed pulley trolley, and 4 fixed pulleys arranged on the spreader. 4 sets of movable pulleys, each set of movable pulleys includes two movable pulleys, the steel wire rope set includes a left steel wire rope and a right steel wire rope, one end of the left steel wire rope is fixed on a pair of two-way hoisting drums, and the other end corresponds to the first dragging pulley. After the fixed pulley on the type fixed pulley trolley and the two movable pulleys on the spreader are arranged together, they are wound and fixed on the two-way lifting drum, and one end of the right wire rope is fixed on the other two-way lifting drum, and the other end Correspondingly configured with the 4 fixed pulleys on the second drag type fixed pulley trolley and the 2 movable pulleys on the spreader, it is wound and fixed on the two-way hoisting drum. 5. A light-weight multifunctional container gantry crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first guide pulley block and the second guide pulley block are distributed around each gantry, and the wire rope on the left side The four corners are respectively guided by the first guide pulley set, which includes two concentric guide pulleys installed on the left side of the mast and two eccentric redirection damping pulleys installed on the right side of the mast. The four corners of the wire rope on the right side are respectively guided by the second guide pulley group; the second guide pulley group includes two eccentric redirection damping pulleys installed on the left side of the mast and two concentric guide pulleys installed on the right side of the mast. pulley. 6. A lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreader is provided with four connecting seats on the upper hanger for connecting with movable pulley blocks. 7. The anti-sway method of a lightweight multifunctional container gantry crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: Step 1. Two sets of fixed pulleys are arranged symmetrically at both ends of the first and second drag-type fixed pulley trolleys. Each set of fixed pulleys is composed of two fixed pulleys arranged side by side. The trolleys are connected by connecting rods, and there are 4 sets of moving pulleys symmetrically arranged on the spreader, each set of moving pulleys is 2 moving pulleys, and each set of moving pulleys corresponds to a set of fixed pulleys on the dragging type fixed pulley trolley. The distance between the fixed pulleys of the trolley is greater than the distance between the two sets of movable pulleys, and the distance between the two sets of fixed pulleys of each trolley is greater than the distance between the two movable pulleys of each set of movable pulleys; Step 2: Divide the steel wire rope groups into left steel wire ropes and right steel wire ropes, distribute the first guide pulley group and the second guide pulley group around each gantry, and the four corners of the left steel wire ropes respectively pass through the first guide pulley group guide, the first guide pulley set includes two concentric guide pulleys installed on the left side of the mast and two eccentric redirection damping pulleys installed on the right side of the mast, the four corners of the right wire rope pass through The second guide pulley set is guided; the second guide pulley set includes two eccentric redirection damping pulleys arranged on the left side of the mast and two concentric guide pulleys arranged on the right side of the mast; Step 3. The winding method of the left steel wire rope is: One end of the left steel wire rope is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the left hoisting mechanism, and the other end goes through concentric guide pulleys, a certain pulley on the first drag-type fixed pulley trolley, a moving pulley on the spreader, the first The fixed pulley on the pulley fixed pulley trolley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the other set of fixed pulleys on the first pull type fixed pulley trolley, the movable pulley on the spreader, the first pulley The fixed pulley on the fixed pulley trolley, the concentric guide pulley, and finally return to the two-way lifting drum of the left lifting hoist to wind and fix; Step 4. The winding method of the wire rope on the right side: One end of the right side steel wire rope is fixed on the two-way hoisting drum of the right hoisting mechanism, and the other end walks the concentric guide pulley, the certain pulley on the second drag type fixed pulley trolley, a moving pulley on the spreader, the second The fixed pulley on the drag-type fixed pulley trolley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the eccentric redirection damping pulley, the other set of fixed pulleys on the second drag-type fixed pulley trolley, the movable pulley on the spreader, the second drag The fixed pulley and the concentric guide pulley on the type fixed pulley trolley are finally returned to the two-way hoisting drum of the right hoisting machine to be wound and fixed. 8. The anti-sway method of a lightweight multi-functional container gantry crane according to claim 7, characterized in that: the bottom diameter circle of the wire rope of the eccentric redirecting damping pulley and the center pin axis of the pulley are in an eccentric structure.