CN105934358A - 具有变速传动装置的动力传动系统，尤其用于混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

具有变速传动装置的动力传动系统，尤其用于混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105934358A
CN105934358A CN201480066982.2A CN201480066982A CN105934358A CN 105934358 A CN105934358 A CN 105934358A CN 201480066982 A CN201480066982 A CN 201480066982A CN 105934358 A CN105934358 A CN 105934358A
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gear
engine
power drive
axle
drive system
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CN105934358B (zh
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S·范托利
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
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    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912—Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/913—One way
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919—Stepped shift

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的动力传动系统，其包括原动机/接收发动机(20)、热机(10)、变速传动装置(14)，该变速传动装置(14)包括发动机周转齿轮系统(24)、行星支架(52)以及另一周转齿轮系统(68)，该发动机周转齿轮系统(24)具有行星齿轮(34)和冠状齿轮(46)，其均通过与受控操作(26，28)连通而与热机(12)的轴(12)连接，并且通过单向自动连接器(30，32)与车辆的静止部分(44)连接，该另一周转齿轮系统(68)布置在大致与电机轴(12)平行的轴(70)上，并且将发动机周转齿轮系统(24)连接至用于将运动(90，92)传递给驱动轴(16)的路径上。该系统包括热反向控制装置(111，130)，用于改变由发动机周转齿轮系统(24)的行星支架(52)的旋转带来的另一周转齿轮系统(68)的行星支架(80)的旋转方向。

Description

具有变速传动装置的动力传动系统，尤其用于混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有变速传动装置的动力传动系统，尤其用于混合动力车辆。
众所周知，混合动力车辆包括动力传动系统，其单独或组合使用带有变速传动装置的内燃机和/或驱动/接收机器，例如连接至电源例如为一个或多个电池的旋转电机，作为牵引/推进驱动装置。
这种组合为车辆提供了优化性能的优势，既减轻了对环境的排放，还降低了燃油消耗。
由此，当车辆以高扭矩在大的速度范围下行驶，且同时还要限制排放的尾气和产生的噪音，如在郊区场所，则电力机器被优选用于驱动该车辆。
另一方面，在需要高驱动功率和大的操作范围时，热机被用于驱动该车辆。
背景技术
从本申请人申请的法国专利申请2955165已知，这样的机动车辆动力传动系统包括热机，其具有连接至变速传动装置的轴，该变速传动装置包括周转齿轮系统和中心齿轮支架，周转齿轮系统具有中心齿轮和冠状齿轮，两个齿轮均通过受控离合器与热机的轴连接，并且通过单向自动离合器与动力传动系统的静止部分连接，行星齿轮支架通过传递路径将变化的速度传递给车辆的驱动轴。
为了提高车辆由电力机器驱动时的变速能力，本申请人将前述文献中的变速装置与另一周转齿轮系统组合，该周转齿轮系统将发动机周转齿轮系统连接至传递路径，用于将运动传递给该车辆的驱动轴，如本申请人申请的法国专利申请2962697所描述。
由此，前述申请描述的变速装置能够使车辆实现通过热机方式的三个前进档位和通过电机方式的两个前进档位，其中一个可用于该车辆的后退运动。
尽管已尽如人意，但是该变速装置具有显著缺陷。
实际上，车辆的后退档位仅通过电机实现。当司机想要换成后退档位时，可能会发生这样的事情，即电源(电池)不具有足够的电量为电机执行换挡供电。
因此，这就需要要么在前进档位下执行复杂和乏味的操作，要么等到电池充电到充足水平以能够将车辆换为后退档位。
本发明致力于通过变速装置克服该缺陷，允许车辆使用热机换为后退档位。
发明内容
由此，本发明涉及一种混合动力车辆的动力传动系统，其包括驱动/接收机热机、变速装置，该变速装置包括发动机周转齿轮系统、行星齿轮支架以及另一周转齿轮系统，该发动机周转齿轮系统具有中心齿轮和冠状齿轮，其均通过受控离合器与发动机的轴连接，并且通过单向自动离合器与动力传动系统的静止部分连接，该另一周转齿轮系统布置在大致与发动机轴平行的轴上，并且将发动机周转齿轮系统连接至传递路径上，用于将运动传递给驱动轴，其特征在于，还包括热反向控制装置，用于改变由发动机周转齿轮系统行星支架旋转带来的另一周转齿轮系统的行星支架的旋转方向。
反向控制装置包括连接齿轮，固定安装在轴上，与反向齿轮啮合，该反向齿轮在齿轮销上自由旋转且可轴向移动。
反向齿轮包括齿轮带，用于与发动机周转齿轮系统的行星齿轮支架的另一齿轮带以及轴的连接齿轮的齿轮带啮合。
反向控制装置包括安装在齿轮轴上自由旋转且固定移动的连接齿轮以及在轴上自由旋转且轴向固定的反向齿轮。
轴的连接齿轮包括齿轮带，用于与发动机周转齿轮系统的行星齿轮支架的另一齿轮带以及反向齿轮的齿轮带啮合。
反向控制装置包括用于锁定轴旋转的装置。
锁定装置包括设于反向齿轮的接合表面和设于动力传动系统静止部分的接合表面。
锁定装置包括设于促动器的接合表面，其在轴上固定旋转且可自由移动，和设于动力传动系统静止部分的接合表面。
促动器进一步包括接合表面，适于与连接到反向齿轮的接合表面配合。
反向控制装置包括用于控制反向齿轮轴向位移的装置。
反向控制装置包括用于控制促动器轴向位移的装置。
附图说明
通过阅读之后的说明书本发明的其它特征和优点将变得清晰，其以非限制实施例的方式给出，并参考了附图，其中：
-图1是使用根据本发明的变速传动装置的动力传动系统的图；
-图2示出了图1所示动力传动系统的变型。
具体实施例
在图1中，动力传动系统包括热机10，例如是内燃机，其具有连接发动机曲轴的发动机轴12、变速装置14和允许驱动车辆驱动轮18的驱动轴16。
发动机轴12还实现接收轴的功能，但是出于简化描述的原因，该轴称为发动机轴，从而能够将其与变速装置的其他轴区分开来。
动力传动系统还包括驱动/接收机器，例如电机20，其具有转子22，通过连接至电源，例如蓄电池(未示出)可用作驱动车辆的电机，或者用作电力发电机，此外还可用作为蓄电池充电的发电机。
变速装置14包括周转齿轮系统24，称为热机周转齿轮系统，具有两个受控离合器26、28，在此为摩擦离合器的形式，以及两个单向自动离合器，例如自由轮30、32。
更详细的，发动机周转齿轮系统24包括中心齿轮34，该中心齿轮具有外齿轮带36并通过空心轴38支撑，称为中心齿轮轴，当自由旋转但固定移动时高过发动机轴12.。该轴40的自由端通过称为中心齿轮自由轮的自由轮32置于动力传动系统静止部分44支撑的轴承42上。
该齿轮系统还包括冠状齿轮46，具有内齿轮带48，与中心齿轮同心布置，并且连接至空心轴50，称为冠状齿轮轴，当自由旋转但固定移动时，围绕着中心齿轮空心轴38。该冠状齿轮通过称为冠状齿轮自由轮的单向离合器30外连接至车辆动力传动系统的静止部分44，该单向离合器仅允许冠状齿轮在一个方向上旋转。
当然，两个自由轮30和32以这样的方式布置，使得中心齿轮34和冠状齿轮46仅能在相同方向上旋转，更加优选地是与发动机轴12相同的方向。
最后，该发动机周转齿轮系统包括行星齿轮支架52，优选具有三个外齿轮形式的行星齿轮54，彼此以相同的间隔角度布置(在此为120°)，并且与冠状齿轮和中心齿轮啮合。
冠状齿轮的带48和行星齿轮54的带36由此布置在相同的平面上，在此在图1中是垂直面。
这些行星齿轮每个都由水平销56支撑，在其上自由旋转但固定移动。这些行星齿轮销连接至管状轴承58，称为行星齿轮支架轴承，围绕中心齿轮轴38且在其上自由旋转。
中心齿轮的三个端部和冠状齿轮轴每个均支撑受控离合器26和28，优选的是摩擦离合器，通过控制杆60和62控制。
由此，离合器26，称为中心齿轮离合器，允许中心齿轮与发动机轴12连接，而离合器28的作用，称为冠状齿轮离合器，是允许冠状齿轮与该发动机轴连接。
从图1中可以看到，行星齿轮支架52还包括另一外齿轮带64，与行星齿轮相反布置，并通过啮合连接至称为机器周转齿轮系统的另一周转齿轮系统68的另一外齿轮连接带66。
该周转齿轮系统68布置在固定轴70上，自由旋转但是固定移动，并且大致平行于发动机轴12，同时由动力传动系统静止部分44提供的两个轴承72支撑。
该机器周转齿轮系统包括冠状齿轮74，支撑连接带66，以及另一内齿带76，与带66相反。这些带由轴承78支撑，其在轴70上自由旋转但固定移动。
该齿轮系统还包括行星齿轮支架80，优选的具有三个行星齿轮82，是外齿轮的形式，由行星齿轮销84支撑，彼此以相同的间隔角度布置(在此为120°)，并且与冠状齿轮74的齿轮带76啮合。
行星齿轮销84由板86支撑，该板86是行星齿轮支架的一部分，并包括在轴70上自由旋转且固定移动的管状轴承88。
轴承88固定支撑驱动齿轮90，该驱动齿轮90与连接至驱动轴16的另一齿轮92啮合。由此，这两个齿轮组件形成了在机器周转齿轮系统68和轴16之间的运动传递路径。
行星齿轮还通过啮合与中心齿轮94配合，该中心齿轮94包括外齿轮带96，其由固定安装在轴70上的法兰支撑。
当然，类似于热机周转齿轮系统24，冠状齿轮74的带76、中心齿轮的齿带96和行星齿轮82布置在相同的平面，在此在图1中是垂直面。
机器周转齿轮系统68还支撑双作用促动器类型的受控离合器100，允许其冠状齿轮74连接至行星齿轮支架80的板86或者动力传动系统的固定部分44。
控制器102控制的促动器允许获得两个啮合位置(1，2)和空挡位置(N)。促动器由冠状齿轮74的外壁带76旋转固定地支撑，同时在其上轴向移动。该促动器设计为与动力传动系统的静止部分44支撑的固定接合表面104或者由板86外端支撑的另一接合表面106配合。
由此，在控制作用下，促动器可以实现冠状齿轮74和静止部分44的配合(位置1)、与行星齿轮支架80的配合(位置2)或者处于不与两个接合表面连接的空挡位置(位置N)。
轴70还固定支撑齿轮108，其与由电机转子22固定支撑的另一齿轮110配合。
两个齿轮系统之间的旋转连接由此由两个齿轮带64和66提供了，其有利地允许实现了轴16在热机10的轴12的相同方向上旋转。
反向轮108、轴70还支撑热反向控制装置111，允许改变轴16的旋转方向。该装置包括外齿轮112，在轴70上旋转固定且移动。该连接轮与反向齿轮116的外齿带114啮合，反向齿轮116由管状轴承118支撑，其在动力传动系统静止部分44支撑的轴120上自由旋转且移动，并与轴70大致平行。
有利的，轴承118支撑锁定接合表面122，其适于与动力传动系统固定部分44支撑的锁定接合表面124配合，其目的在下文中进行阐述。
反向齿轮116和锁定接合表面122组成的组件在控制装置126的作用下在轴120上移动，具有锁定位置(1)、驱动位置(2)和空挡位置(N)，在锁定位置处，该轮通过两个接合表面122和124的配合在固定部分上锁定旋转；在驱动位置处，轮116的带114与行星齿轮支架52的另一带64啮合；在空挡位置处，轮不与接合表面接触。
动力传动系统整体上的各个结构现在已根据使用的牵引/推进模式通过示例的方式进行了描述。
为了简化，仅提及了由热机或电机牵引/推进的结构。
当车辆由电机20驱动时，离合器26和28未激活，促动器100处于位置1或2，反向齿轮116和锁定接合表面122处于空挡位置(N)。
一旦电机20被供电，其转子22被旋转驱动。该旋转运动接着通过转子的齿轮110被传递给齿轮108。
通过该结构，促动器100被控制在位置1或位置2，以旋转驱动车辆轴16。
在位置1，通过固定机器周转齿轮系统68的冠状齿轮74，促动器与固定部分44的接合表面104接合。齿轮108的旋转运动由此传递给中心齿轮94以及行星齿轮支架80。行星齿轮支架的旋转运动接下来传递给齿轮90，接着至齿轮92和轴16，以驱动车辆的车轮18。
当促动器100处于位置2，与板86的接合表面106接合，冠状齿轮74旋转连接至行星齿轮支架80。中心齿轮104的旋转由此传递给冠状齿轮/行星齿轮支架组件。该组件的旋转传递给齿轮90，其与轴齿轮92配合，由此旋转驱动车辆的车轮。
现在描述其他结构，以示例由热机根据不同的前进档位牵引/推进车辆。
在这些结构中，促动器100处于空挡位置或者位置2，而促动器146保持在空挡位置N，并且离合器26和28都处于激活位置或者其中之一处于激活位置。
在离合器26和28都处于激活位置的结构中，热机10的轴12的旋转旋转驱动冠状齿轮46、中心齿轮34以及由此的发动机周转齿轮系统24的行星齿轮支架52。行星齿轮支架的该旋转接着通过带64和66传递给另一周转齿轮系统的冠状齿轮74。
当促动器100处于位置2，冠状齿轮74和行星齿轮支架80彼此连接，并且具有旋转运动。行星齿轮支架接着通过轮90和92驱动轴16。
离合器之一接着被设置为未激活位置，以获得该档位。
对于离合器26的未激活位置和离合器28的激活位置，热机10的轴12的旋转旋转驱动冠状齿轮46，其旋转驱动行星齿轮支架52。行星齿轮支架的旋转接着通过带64和66的配合传递给机器周转齿轮系统68的冠状齿轮74。
由此，当促动器100处于位置2，冠状齿轮74的旋转运动传递给行星齿轮支架80，接着给齿轮90和轴轮92。
当促动器100处于空挡位置N，冠状齿轮74的旋转通过行星齿轮82传递给行星齿轮支架80以及中心齿轮94。行星齿轮支架接着通过轮90和92的作用驱动轴16，中心齿轮通过轮108和110驱动机器20。
对于离合器28的未激活位置和离合器26的激活位置，热机10的轴12的旋转旋转驱动中心齿轮34。中心齿轮的旋转旋转驱动行星齿轮支架52，接着机器周转齿轮系统68的冠状齿轮74。
由该结构，结合用于位置N的离合器26的未激活位置和离合器100的位置2进行了描述。
在控制126促动处于位置1的齿轮112/接合表面122组成的组件的结构中，支撑机器周转齿轮系统68的中心齿轮94的轴70的旋转被锁定了。
在该结构中，机器周转齿轮系统被用作减速器，在使用具有三个档位的热机时，实现了减速。
为了仅使用热机使得车辆后退，控制126促动在位置2，从而倒档齿轮116在齿轮112上移动并啮合发动机周转齿轮系统24的另一带64。
由此，发动机周转齿轮系统24的行星齿轮支架52通过轮116连接至机器周转齿轮系统的中心齿轮94以及机器周转齿轮系统的冠状齿轮74。
这允许实现机器周转齿轮系统68的行星齿轮支架80的旋转，这与发动机周转齿轮系统24的方向相反。
该反向旋转运动通过使得车辆倒退行驶接着传递给齿轮90和92以及轴16。
图2的变型与图1示例的不同仅在于热反向控制装置和锁定接合的分离。
反向齿轮装置130包括外齿反向齿轮132，其具有齿轮带133，在轴70上自由旋转且固定移动。该轮啮合连接轮136的外齿带134，其通过啮合行星齿轮支架52的连接带64配合。该连接轮由管状轴承138支撑，其在由动力传动系统的静止部分44支撑轴140上自由旋转且固定移动，同时大致平行于轴70。
反向齿轮132支撑接合表面144，其适于与双作用促动器146配合，其在轴70上自由移动但是固定旋转。该促动器支撑与表面144相反的接合表面148和另一接合表面150，其适于与动力传动系统静止部分44支撑的接合表面152配合。
该促动器由控制器154控制其在轴70上的轴向位移，具有锁定位置(1)、驱动位置(2)和空挡位置(N)，其中，在锁定位置(1)，轴70通过与两个接合表面150和152的配合在静止部分44上旋转锁定；在驱动位置(2)，轮130的带132通过两个接合表面144和148的配合与连接齿轮136的带134啮合；在空挡位置(N)，促动器不与接合表面接触。
如上所述，控制器154将促动器146促动在位置1的结构中，由于接合表面150和152的配合，支撑机器周转齿轮系统68的中心齿轮94的轴70被锁定旋转。在该结构中，机器周转齿轮系统68被用作减速器，并在使用具有三个档位的热机时，实现了减速。
为了仅使用热机使得车辆后退，控制器154被促动从而将促动器146带入位置2。由于两个接合表面144和148的配合，齿轮的旋转传递给促动器，由此传递给轴70和中心齿轮94。
这允许实现机器周转齿轮系统68的行星齿轮支架80的旋转，其与发动机周转齿轮系统24的方向相反。
该反向的旋转运动通过使得车辆后退接着传递给齿轮90和92以及轴16。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆的动力传动系统，其包括驱动/接收机(20)、热机(10)、变速装置(14)，所述变速装置(14)包括发动机周转齿轮系统(24)、行星齿轮支架(52)以及另一周转齿轮系统(68)，所述发动机周转齿轮系统(24)具有行星齿轮(34)和冠状齿轮(46)，其均通过受控离合器(26，28)与发动机轴(12)连接，并且通过单向自动离合器(30，32)与车辆的静止部分(44)连接，所述另一周转齿轮系统(68)布置在大致与发动机轴(12)平行的轴(70)上，并且将发动机周转齿轮系统(24)连接至传递路径(90，92)上，用于将运动传递给驱动轴(16)，其特征在于，其包括热反向控制装置(111，130)，用于改变由发动机周转齿轮系统(24)的行星支架(52)的旋转带来的另一周转齿轮系统(68)的行星支架(80)的旋转方向。
2.如权利要求1所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述反向控制装置(111)包括连接齿轮(112)，固定安装在轴(70)上，与反向齿轮(116)啮合，反向齿轮(116)在齿轮销(120)上自由旋转且可轴向移动。
3.如权利要求1所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述反向齿轮(116)包括齿轮带(114)，用于与发动机周转齿轮系统(24)的行星齿轮支架(52)的另一齿轮带(64)以及轴(70)的连接齿轮(112)的齿轮带(114)啮合。
4.如权利要求3所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，反向控制装置(130)包括安装在齿轮轴(140)上自由旋转且固定移动的连接齿轮(136)以及在轴(70)上自由旋转且轴向固定的反向齿轮(132)。
5.如权利要求4所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，轴(140)的连接齿轮(136)包括齿轮带(134)，用于与发动机周转齿轮系统(64)的行星齿轮支架(52)的另一齿轮带(64)以及反向齿轮(132)的齿轮带(133)啮合。
6.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，热反向控制装置(111，130)包括用于锁定轴(70)旋转的装置。
7.如权利要求6所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述锁定装置包括设于反向齿轮(116)的接合表面(122)和设于动力传动系统静止部分(44)的接合表面(124)。
8.如权利要求6所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述锁定装置包括设于促动器(146)的接合表面(150)，其在轴(70)上固定旋转且可自由移动，和设于静止部分(44)的接合表面(124)。
9.如权利要求8所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述促动器(146)进一步包括接合表面(148)，适于与连接到所述反向齿轮(132)的接合表面(144)配合。
10.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述反向控制装置包括用于控制反向齿轮(116)轴向位移的装置(126)。
11.如权利要求8或9所述的动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述反向控制装置包括用于控制促动器(146)轴向位移的装置(154)。
CN201480066982.2A 2013-12-10 2014-11-26 具有变速传动装置的动力传动系统，尤其用于混合动力车辆 Expired - Fee Related CN105934358B (zh)

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FR3029855B1 (fr) * 2014-12-12 2016-12-16 Ifp Energies Now Groupe motopropulseur pour l'entrainement d'un vehicule automobile avec un dispositif de transmission a variation de vitesse a triple train epicycloidal et en particulier groupe motopropulseur pour un vehicule de type hybride.
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WO2015086325A1 (fr) 2015-06-18

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