CN105933003B - A kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit - Google Patents
A kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105933003B CN105933003B CN201610260125.7A CN201610260125A CN105933003B CN 105933003 B CN105933003 B CN 105933003B CN 201610260125 A CN201610260125 A CN 201610260125A CN 105933003 B CN105933003 B CN 105933003B
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- frequency
- direct digital
- amplifier
- digital integrator
- crystal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/26—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles as a frequency reference
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuits, including Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator, Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator is connect with direct digital integrator and frequency mixer respectively, direct digital integrator is connect by operational amplifier with frequency mixer, frequency mixer passes sequentially through first crystal filter, the first radio frequency amplifier, the second crystal filter, the second radio frequency amplifier and is connect with step-recovery diode, and direct digital integrator is connect with microcontroller.It avoids mixing link introducing unwanted frequency in rf chain and enters microwave cavity；Conversion loss caused by being mixed link in rf chain is avoided, the signal magnitude into microwave cavity is increased；Circuit structure is relatively easy, is easy to debug, while Rb atom frequency marking being contributed to minimize；Crystal filter is all more advantageous in frequency selectivity, frequency stability, intermediate zone steepness and insertion loss etc., possesses better filter effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave, field of atomic frequency standard, and in particular to a kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit, it can be extensive
For fields such as rubidium frequency standards, space communication, radar surveying, satellite navigations.
Background technology
Rb atom frequency marking is a kind of two level frequency marking, compares cesium atomic frequency standard, its accuracy is poor, long-term stability
There is no that cesium atomic frequency standard is good, but the structure of Rb atom frequency marking quantum physics part is very simple, light-weight, small, power consumption
It is low, it is cheap convenient for miniaturization convenient for making and producing in batches, and also its frequency stability and drift index are sufficient for
Most of space flight, civilian and military requirement are widely used in the fields such as navigation, positioning and communication.So while it is only
It can be used as two level frequency marking, but be still current most widely used atomic frequency standard.
Rb atom frequency marking can functionally be divided into two parts：Quantized system and circuit system, and circuit system can be drawn
It is divided into radio frequency link and servo-drive system, the function of radio frequency link mainly exports 6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwaves and inquires after letter
Number, magnetic resonance occurs for two energy levels of excitation rubidium atom to realize light detection.
Generating 6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwave interrogation signals radio circuit at this stage, there are mainly three types of forms：1, it uses
Band mantissa crystal oscillator adds modulation, and then low order frequency multiplication, step frequency multiplication obtain successively；2, using integer crystal oscillator through low order frequency multiplication, step
It is multiplied to 6840MHz, then is mixed to obtain with 5.3125MHz ± 1KHz modulated signals of direct digital integrator output；3, with whole
Number crystal oscillator is reference, directly exports band mantissa modulated medium frequency signal with digital synthesizer, is then obtained by step frequency multiplication.
Direct digital synthesis technique is a kind of new frequency synthesis technique and signal generating method, is after Direct frequency synthesizer
With the third generation frequency synthesis technique to grow up after indirect frequency synthesis.Direct digital integrator (DDS) has ultrahigh speed frequency
Rate conversion time, high frequency resolution, low phase noise can keep Phase Continuation in frequency shift and frequency modulation, hold
Easily realize frequency, phase, amplitude modulation.In addition, it also has the advantages that PLC technology.Therefore, direct digital integrator obtains
To being widely applied.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuits, pass through integer crystal oscillator successively frequency multiplication, mixing, step
Frequency multiplication obtains 6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwave interrogation signals.Its circuit level is high, and low in energy consumption, cost is relatively low, into rank
The signal frequency side band noise for the frequency multiplication that jumps is small, while debugging simply, and rubidium frequency standard is contributed to minimize.
A kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit, including Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator, Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator export respectively
To direct digital integrator and frequency mixer, 70KHz ± 13Hz bands of direct digital integrator output are modulated to be believed crystal oscillator oscillator signal
Number it is input to frequency mixer after operational amplifier amplifies, frequency mixer is by crystal oscillator oscillator signal and amplified 70KHz ± 13Hz
Output 89.93MHz ± 13Hz band modulated signals after band modulated signal is mixed, 89.93MHz ± 13Hz bands modulated signal is successively
It is obtained after first crystal filter, the first radio frequency amplifier, the second crystal filter and the second radio frequency amplifier
89.93MHz ± 13Hz narrow band signals, 89.93MHz ± 13Hz narrow band signals obtain after step-recovery diode
6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwave interrogation signals.
Radio circuit has the advantage that the present invention at this stage：
1, the circuit eliminates the link being mixed in rf chain, avoids and is mixed the unwanted frequency of link introducing in rf chain
Rate enters microwave cavity, while avoiding conversion loss caused by mixing link in rf chain, increases the letter into microwave cavity
Number size；
2, compared to band mantissa crystal oscillator, cost can be reduced using integer crystal oscillator；
3, new radio frequency structure is relatively easy, and debugging difficulty reduces, and overall power also decreases, and contributes to rubidium former
Sub- frequency marking miniaturization；
4, the filter constituted compared to LC resonance circuit, crystal filter is in frequency selectivity, frequency stability, intermediate zone
Steepness and insertion loss etc. are all more advantageous, possess better filter effect so that the signal before step frequency multiplication is more pure
It is net to stablize.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention block diagram.
Fig. 2 is mixer output spectrum in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is 2 first crystal filter output spectrum of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is 2 first radio frequency amplifier output spectrum of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is 2 second crystal filter output spectrum of embodiment.
Fig. 6 is 2 second radio frequency amplifier output spectrum of embodiment.
Wherein：1- Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator；2- microcontrollers；3- direct digital integrators；4- operational amplifiers；5- is mixed
Device；6- first crystal filters；The first radio frequency amplifiers of 7-；The second crystal filters of 8-；The second radio frequency amplifiers of 9-；10- ranks
Jump recovery diode.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit, including Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1 (VCXO), microcontroller
2, direct digital integrator 3 (DDS), operational amplifier 4, frequency mixer 5, first crystal filter 6, the first radio frequency amplifier 7,
Two crystal filters 8, the second radio frequency amplifier 9 and step-recovery diode 10 (SRD).Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1 respectively with
Direct digital integrator 2, frequency mixer 5 are connected；Microcontroller 2 is connected with direct digital integrator 3；Direct digital integrator 3 is distinguished
It is connected with Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1, microcontroller 2, operational amplifier 4；Operational amplifier 4 respectively with direct digital integrator 3, mixed
Frequency device 5 is connected；Frequency mixer 5 is connected with Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1, operational amplifier 4, first crystal filter 6 respectively；First is brilliant
Fluid filter 6 is connected with frequency mixer 5, the first radio frequency amplifier 7 respectively；First radio frequency amplifier 7 is filtered with first crystal respectively
Device 6, the second crystal filter 8 are connected；Second crystal filter 8 respectively with the first radio frequency amplifier 7, the second radio frequency amplifier 9
It is connected；Second radio frequency amplifier 9 is connected with the second crystal filter 8, step-recovery diode 10 respectively.
The crystal oscillator oscillator signal (10Mhz) that Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1 exports is divided into three tunnels, and the first via is defeated directly as rubidium clock
Go out, the second tunnel is connected to it with direct digital integrator 3 and provides reference frequency, and third road is connected with frequency mixer 5 to be mixed, single
Piece machine 2 be connected with direct digital integrator 3 and by SPI protocol control direct digital integrator output frequency be 70KHz ±
13Hz band modulated signals, the output end of direct digital integrator 3 be connected with 4 input terminal of operational amplifier with amplify 70KHz ±
13Hz band modulated signals, the 70KHz ± 13Hz band modulated signals and Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1 amplified by operational amplifier 4 are defeated
The crystal oscillator oscillator signal gone out is input to frequency mixer 5 and is mixed to realize that 89.93MHz ± 13Hz band modulated signals export, mixing
5 output end of device is connected with 6 input terminal of first crystal filter with filtering clutter, and 6 output end of first crystal filter is penetrated with first
6 input terminal of audio amplifier is connected to amplify selected frequencies, and 6 output end of the first radio frequency amplifier and the second crystal filter 7 input
End is connected to further filter out clutter, and 7 output end of the second crystal filter is connected with 8 input terminal of the second radio frequency amplifier to be put again
Big selected signal, 8 output end of the second radio frequency amplifier are connected with 10 input terminal of step-recovery diode, to put the second radio frequency
It is defeated that 89.93MHz ± 13Hz narrow band signals that big device 8 exports are converted into the progress of 6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwave interrogation signals
Go out, 10 output end of step-recovery diode is connected to rubidium atomic frequency standard microwave cavity resonator and inspires quantum leap signal.
Embodiment 2：
Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1 selects 10Mhz crystal oscillators.
Microcontroller 2 selects the STM32F103CBT6 of ST companies；The enhanced series of STM32F103CBT6 uses high performanceCortexTMThe RISC core that-M3 is 32, working frequency 72MHz, internal high-speed memories (are up to 128K bytes
The SRAM of flash memory and 20K bytes), the abundant ports enhancing I/O (32) and the peripheral hardware for being connected to two APB buses.It wraps simultaneously
Also include standard and advanced communication interface containing 2 12 ADC, 3 general 16 bit timing devices and 1 PWM timer：It is more
Up to 2 I2C interfaces and SPI interface, 3 USART interfaces, a USB interface and a CAN interface.
Direct digital integrator 3 selects the AD9832 of ADI companies；AD9832 is the novel direct digital integrator of ADI companies,
Maximum clock can reach 25MHz, can maximum output 10MHz stable frequency signal.AD9832 provide piece in Sin look-up tables simultaneously
10 DAC are integrated, power only has 200mW.AD9832 realizes that FSK is very easy to, frequency turns there are two frequency control register
Throw-over degree is fast, and integrated level is high, easy to use and flexible.AD9832 amplitude output signals are generally between -10dBm to 0dBm, with it
Output signal frequency and physical circuit configuration are related.
Operational amplifier 4 selects the OP37 of ADI companies；OP37 is a high-speed low-noise operational amplifier of ADI companies,
For offset voltage down to 25uV, maximum drift is 0.6uV/ DEG C, therefore OP37 is the choosing of the ideal of precision instrumentation application.OP37
Slew rate is 17V/us, gain bandwidth product 63MHz, while possessing 1800000 high open-loop gain, common-mode rejection ratio 126dB.
Output stage has good load driving capability.Since direct digital integrator AD9832 output signals are too small, to be not enough to driving mixed
Frequency device is mixed, by that can drive frequency mixer after OP37 methods.
Frequency mixer 5 selects the SN74LVC1G11 of TI companies；SN74LVC1G11 is single three input and the door of TI companies, power supply
Voltage can be with putting high level voltage, input low level voltage are related with supply voltage, example in 1.65V to 5.5V ranges
Under 5V electric power thus supplieds, putting high level voltage 3.5V, input low level voltage is 1.5V, and AD9832 output voltages are too low,
SN74LVC1G11 can not be driven, so into being first amplified AD9832 output signals with OP37 before frequency mixer.
First crystal filter 6 and the second crystal filter 8 select the MCF89M93A of Shenzhen Kerma (unit of kinetic energy) communication common carrier；
MCF89M93A is the 89.93MHz crystal filters of Shenzhen Kerma (unit of kinetic energy) communication common carrier production.Quartz-crystal filter refers to quartz
The quartz-crystal filter that material is made plays filtering, has and stablizes, the good feature of interference free performance.MCF89M93A
Nominal frequency is 89.930MHz, and three dB bandwidth is ± 5KHz, and 40dB bandwidth is ± 25KHz, and passband fluctuation is less than 1dB, is inserted into damage
Consumption is less than 4dB, stopband attenuation 40dB, and insulation resistance is more than 500M Ω/DC 100V.
First radio frequency amplifier 7 selects the ERA-8SM of Mini-Circuits companies；ERA-8SM is Mini-Circuits
The miniature microwave amplifier of a wide bandwidth of company, working frequency can be from direct currents to 8GHz, and gain and P1dB and work are frequently
Rate is related.When working frequency is 2GHz, gain 17dB, P1dB representative value is 12.5dBm.
Second radio frequency amplifier 9 selects the SXB-2089Z of RFMD companies；SXB-2089Z is a high line of RFMD companies
Property degree Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors amplifier, working frequency is from 5MHz to 2500MHZ.Export third order intermodulation point, P1dB with
And gain is related with working frequency.When working frequency is 450MHz, small-signal gain representative value is 25dB, and P1dB representative values are
24dBm, third order intermodulation point are 40dBm, noise coefficient 4.9dB.
Step-recovery diode 10 selects the MP4022 of MPLUS companies.
Other are same as Example 1.
Mixer output spectrum is as shown in Figure 2, it is seen that 89.93MHz signal amplitude -18.19dBm are mixed the interval of generation
The side frequency signal amplitude of 70KHz is also all bigger.
About 7.5dB, side frequency are humorous as shown in figure 3,89.93MHz signal amplitudes decay for 6 output spectrum of first crystal filter
Wave attenuation is more than 30dB.
First radio frequency amplifier, 7 output spectrum as shown in figure 4, the first radio frequency amplifier 7 to 89.93MHz and its side frequency all
Realize amplification 32dB or so.
Second crystal filter, 8 output spectrum as shown in figure 5,89.93MHz signals due to crystal filter insertion loss
Decay 5dB or so, and side frequency harmonic wave is further suppressed, generally smaller 50dB or more than 89.93MHz.
Second radio frequency amplifier, 9 output spectrum is as shown in fig. 6, the second radio frequency amplifier all puts 89.93MHz and its side frequency
Big 17dB or so.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit, including Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (1), which is characterized in that voltage-controlled crystal (oscillator) shakes
It swings device (1) and exports crystal oscillator oscillator signal respectively to direct digital integrator (3) and frequency mixer (5), direct digital integrator (3) is defeated
70KHz ± 13Hz band the modulated signals gone out are input to frequency mixer (5) after operational amplifier (4) amplification, and frequency mixer (5) will be brilliant
Shake oscillator signal and amplified 70KHz ± 13Hz band modulated signal be mixed after output 89.93MHz ± 13Hz band modulation believe
Number, 89.93MHz ± 13Hz bands modulated signal passes through first crystal filter (6), the first radio frequency amplifier (7), the second crystalline substance successively
89.93MHz ± 13Hz narrow band signals, the narrowbands 89.93MHz ± 13Hz are obtained after fluid filter (8) and the second radio frequency amplifier (9)
Signal obtains 6834.6875MHz ± 1KHz microwave interrogation signals after step-recovery diode (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610260125.7A CN105933003B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610260125.7A CN105933003B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of rubidium frequency standards radio circuit |
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| CN105933003A CN105933003A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105933003B true CN105933003B (en) | 2018-07-17 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1253332A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-17 | 朗迅科技公司 | Direct digital integrator |
| CN101626239A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-13 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale suitable for chip integration |
| CN202231699U (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-05-23 | 江汉大学 | Frequency doubling mixing circuit for rubidium atomic frequency standard and rubidium atomic frequency standard |
| CN103067002A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-24 | 江汉大学 | Differential microwave type atomic frequency standard system |
| CN103326718A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Radio frequency chain of rubidium frequency scale |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4520061B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2010-08-04 | 富士通オプティカルコンポーネンツ株式会社 | Rubidium atomic oscillator |
-
2016
- 2016-04-25 CN CN201610260125.7A patent/CN105933003B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1253332A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-17 | 朗迅科技公司 | Direct digital integrator |
| CN101626239A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-13 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale suitable for chip integration |
| CN202231699U (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-05-23 | 江汉大学 | Frequency doubling mixing circuit for rubidium atomic frequency standard and rubidium atomic frequency standard |
| CN103067002A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-24 | 江汉大学 | Differential microwave type atomic frequency standard system |
| CN103326718A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Radio frequency chain of rubidium frequency scale |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105933003A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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Effective date of registration: 20181210 Address after: 430071 No. 34 Xiaohongshan Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Wuhan Zhongke Kunde Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 430071 Xiaohong Shanxi 30, Wuhan, Hubei Patentee before: Wuhan Inst. of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |