CN105925849A - Control method for nickel-based alloy forgings for 700-DEG C ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor - Google Patents
Control method for nickel-based alloy forgings for 700-DEG C ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105925849A CN105925849A CN201610287643.8A CN201610287643A CN105925849A CN 105925849 A CN105925849 A CN 105925849A CN 201610287643 A CN201610287643 A CN 201610287643A CN 105925849 A CN105925849 A CN 105925849A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for nickel-based alloy forgings for a 700-DEG C ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor. According to the control method, a stepped heating method is adopted for homogenizing heat treatment, steps are arranged at 700-800 DEG C and 1110-1150 DEG C, and heat is insulated for 2-3 hours and 5-9 hours respectively until a core part achieves the temperature; room temperature is slowly risen to 700-800 DEG C at a speed of 40 DEG C/hour; a high-temperature long-time heat insulation phase of insulating heat for 20-50 hours until the core part achieves the temperature at 1180-1220 DEG C is specially designed; forging temperature intervals are strictly controlled, an initial forging temperature is 1120-1190 DEG C, and a final forging temperature is 880-980 DEG C; a stepped temperature rising method is adopted for solid solution heat treatment, the room temperature is risen to 700-800 DEG C at the speed of 40 DEG C/hour, heat is insulated for 2-3 hours until the core part achieves the temperature, a final solid solution temperature is 1120-1180 DEG C, heat is insulated for 1-3 hours until the core part achieves the temperature, and the forgings are water-cooled; and the room temperature is risen to 700-800 DEG C at the speed of 40 DEG C/hour, and heat is insulated for 1-5 hours until the core part achieves the temperature in short-time aging heat treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control method of a kind of 700 DEG C of ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor nickel-base alloy forging, belong to nickel-base alloy forging manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Under the development trend of energy-saving and emission-reduction, as occupy China so that the whole world generating leading position coal fired power plant in the urgent need to promote the thermal efficiency, stride forward to the road of clean power.700 DEG C of ultra supercriticals are the most efficient technical parameters in current thermoelectricity field, and compared to 600 DEG C of ultra supercritical power generation technology in Chinas, this unit power supplying efficiency can improve to 48% ~ 50%, and every kilowatt hour coal consumption can reduce by 40 ~ 50 grams again, and CO2 emission reduces 14%.
In order to develop the turbine rotor forging that can be used for 700 DEG C of extra-supercritical unit, so needing a kind of material can at 700 DEG C with good enduring quality.This material needs to meet the creep rupture strength of 100,000 hours when 700 DEG C and is not less than 100MPa, and some other such as mechanical property such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, ballistic work should reach the basic demand of same type of material simultaneously.Traditional ferrous materials is extremely difficult to this performance requirement, and nickel-base alloy then has sufficient potentiality.
Nickel-base alloy has excellent high-temperature behavior, reason is to exist in its austenitic matrix the γ ' hardening constituent of the Nano grade of disperse educt, and this hardening constituent the most also has good stability, it is ensured that nickel-base alloy still keeps the highest intensity when high temperature.Additionally, alloying element is solid-solution in the austenitic matrix of nickel-base alloy, also can play and well strengthen effect.This is also the reason that current all kinds of nickel-base alloy becomes 700 DEG C of ultra supercritical coal-fired unit difference parts candidate materials.
Although nickel-base alloy high-temperature behavior is outstanding, but the preparation difficulty of its forging is considerably beyond ordinary steel forging.Its difficult point is: the alloying element content of nickel-base alloy is more, and this makes alloying element microscopic segregation in as-cast structure serious, is easily caused forging crack；Owing to hardening constituent there is also when high temperature, causing such alloy high-temp drag relatively big, forging temperature interval is narrow；Solution heat treatment mode is the most proper, easily makes particle size distribution in last tissue uneven, and mechanical property is not enough and unstable.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, the invention provides the control method of a kind of 700 DEG C of ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor nickel-base alloy forging, take homogenization heat treatment, forging molding, solution heat treatment, in short-term aging strengthening model, make nickel-base alloy forging.
The present invention solves its technical barrier and be the technical scheme is that the control method of a kind of 700 DEG C of ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor nickel-base alloy forging, take homogenization heat treatment, forging molding, solution heat treatment, in short-term aging strengthening model before controlled forge process, make nickel-base alloy forging；Nickel-base alloy chemical component weight percentage composition is Ni and the impurity of C:0.03 ~ 0.08, Cr:16 ~ 25, Mo:7 ~ 12, Co:9 ~ 14, Al:0.3 ~ 2.5, Ti:0.5 ~ 1.8, Nb:0.1 ~ 0.6, B:0.003 ~ 0.008, Ta:0.1 ~ 0.3, W:0.1 ~ 0.5, Fe:0.1 ~ 2.5, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.05, Cu:0.05 ~ 0.15 and surplus, and technical parameter concrete in Forging Technology is as follows:
One, homogenization heat treatment takes staged heating means, arranges step at 700 ~ 800 DEG C, 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C, is as the criterion with heart portion to temperature and is incubated 2 ~ 3 hours respectively, 5 ~ 9 hours.Room temperature slowly heats up to 700 ~ 800 DEG C of speed taking 40 DEG C/h.Be specifically designed one section at 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C, be as the criterion the insulation high temperature long-time heat preservation stage of 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature.
Two, the interval strict control of forging temperature, initial forging temperature is 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 880 ~ 980 DEG C.
Three, staged temperature-rising method is taked in solution heat treatment, rising to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, be as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, final solid solubility temperature takes 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, it is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 3 hour with heart portion to temperature, cooling by water of coming out of the stove.
Four, aging strengthening model rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h in short-term, is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature.
The ESR ingot that employing adds electric slag refusion and smelting through vacuum induction melting carries out homogenization heat treatment, before homogenization heat treatment, materials in ESR ingot rising head position and carry out metallographic and scanning, the alloying element microscopic segregation degree of selective analysis heart portion and 1/2 radial location, determines final homogenization temperature and time.Homogenization heat treatment uses staged heating means, and it is as follows that concrete each stage rises gentleness insulation parameter:
ESR ingot cold charge stove, arranges furnace temperature and rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C with power heating rate, is as the criterion insulation 5 ~ 9 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C with power heating rate, carries out final Homogenization Treatments, be as the criterion insulation 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Finally cooling carries out forging front heat treatment, prepares for forging.
Use the workpiece of heat treatment before homogenization heat treatment and forging to carry out cogging forging, pull out after first jumping-up.Forging process initial forging temperature controls at 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature controls at 880 ~ 980 DEG C.After forging molding, workpiece natural cooling, after carrying out roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis workpiece diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic inspection, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing.
Subsequently workpiece is carried out solution heat treatment, cold ingot shove charge, 700 ~ 800 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h from room temperature, it is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, finally rise to 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, being incubated 1 ~ 3 hour, insulation is come out of the stove after terminating and is put into rapidly tank water-cooled, it is ensured that the water in tank can circulate.Afterwards to workpiece roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic examination, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing.
Workpiece after solution heat treatment carrying out aging strengthening model in short-term, cold ingot shove charge, rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, be as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature, air cooling of coming out of the stove, sampling carries out mechanics properties testing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: nickel-base alloy forging prepared by the present invention detects through room-temperature mechanical property, its tensile strength more than 890MPa, yield strength more than 510MPa, elongation percentage more than 30%, the contraction percentage of area more than 30%, ballistic work is more than 90J.Material detects through 700 DEG C of mechanicals behavior under high temperature, its tensile strength more than 600MPa, yield strength more than 400MPa, elongation percentage more than 30%, the contraction percentage of area is more than 30%.Use experiment to add extrapolation and obtain when 700 DEG C the creep rupture strength of 100,000 hours more than 185MPa.
Use the nickel-base alloy of chemical composition of the present invention, after the critical process such as homogenization heat treatment, forging molding, solution treatment, in short-term Ageing Treatment, its performance has met or exceeded domestic and international advanced level, particularly creep rupture strength and has met the use condition of 700 DEG C of extra-supercritical unit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is homogenizing heat treatment curve chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is solution heat treatment curve chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is present invention aging thermal treating process curve chart in short-term.
Detailed description of the invention
The control method of a kind of 700 DEG C of ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor nickel-base alloy forging, takes homogenization heat treatment, forging molding, solution heat treatment, in short-term aging strengthening model before controlled forge process, makes nickel-base alloy forging；Nickel-base alloy chemical component weight percentage composition is Ni and the impurity of C:0.03 ~ 0.08, Cr:16 ~ 25, Mo:7 ~ 12, Co:9 ~ 14, Al:0.3 ~ 2.5, Ti:0.5 ~ 1.8, Nb:0.1 ~ 0.6, B:0.003 ~ 0.008, Ta:0.1 ~ 0.3, W:0.1 ~ 0.5, Fe:0.1 ~ 2.5, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.05, Cu:0.05 ~ 0.15 and surplus, and technical parameter concrete in Forging Technology is as follows:
One, homogenization heat treatment takes staged heating means, arranges step at 700 ~ 800 DEG C, 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C, is as the criterion with heart portion to temperature and is incubated 2 ~ 3 hours respectively, 5 ~ 9 hours.Room temperature slowly heats up to 700 ~ 800 DEG C of speed taking 40 DEG C/h.Be specifically designed one section at 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C, be as the criterion the insulation high temperature long-time heat preservation stage of 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature.
Two, the interval strict control of forging temperature, initial forging temperature is 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 880 ~ 980 DEG C.
Three, staged temperature-rising method is taked in solution heat treatment, rising to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, be as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, final solid solubility temperature takes 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, it is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 3 hour with heart portion to temperature, cooling by water of coming out of the stove.
Four, aging strengthening model rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h in short-term, is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature.
Embodiment 1:
The ESR ingot that employing adds electric slag refusion and smelting through vacuum induction melting carries out homogenization heat treatment, before homogenization heat treatment, materials in ESR ingot rising head position and carry out metallographic and scanning, the alloying element microscopic segregation degree of selective analysis heart portion and 1/2 radial location, determines final homogenization temperature and time.Homogenization heat treatment uses staged heating means, and Fig. 1 is homogenizing heat treatment curve chart, method particularly includes:
ESR ingot cold charge stove, arranges furnace temperature and rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C with power heating rate, is as the criterion insulation 5 ~ 9 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C with power heating rate, carries out final Homogenization Treatments, be as the criterion insulation 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Finally cooling carries out forging front heat treatment, prepares for forging.
Use the workpiece of heat treatment before homogenization heat treatment and forging to carry out cogging forging, pull out after first jumping-up.Forging process initial forging temperature controls at 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature controls at 880 ~ 980 DEG C.After forging molding, workpiece natural cooling, after carrying out roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis workpiece diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic inspection, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing.
Subsequently workpiece being carried out solution heat treatment, Fig. 2 is solution heat treatment curve chart；Cold ingot shove charge, rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, finally rise to 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, being incubated 1 ~ 3 hour, insulation is come out of the stove after terminating and is put into rapidly tank water-cooled, it is ensured that the water in tank can circulate.Afterwards to workpiece roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic examination, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing.
Workpiece after solution heat treatment is carried out aging strengthening model in short-term, and Fig. 3 is aging thermal treating process curve chart in short-term；Cold ingot shove charge, rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature, air cooling of coming out of the stove, and sampling carries out mechanics properties testing.
The nickel-base alloy of chemical composition of the present invention, after above-mentioned control method processes, obtains the nickel-base alloy forging with excellent high enduring quality.
The present invention has selected a kind of nickel-base alloy with excellent high temperature intensity, prepares particularity in conjunction with the tradition preparation method of turbine rotor forging and nickel-base alloy forging, proposes the preparation method of a set of effective nickel-base alloy rotor forging.The mechanical property of the nickel-base alloy forging finally given can meet the requirement of 700 DEG C of super-supercritical technique parameters.
Claims (1)
1. 700 DEG C of ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor control method of nickel-base alloy forging, it is characterized in that: nickel-base alloy chemical component weight percentage composition is Ni and the impurity of C:0.03 ~ 0.08, Cr:16 ~ 25, Mo:7 ~ 12, Co:9 ~ 14, Al:0.3 ~ 2.5, Ti:0.5 ~ 1.8, Nb:0.1 ~ 0.6, B:0.003 ~ 0.008, Ta:0.1 ~ 0.3, W:0.1 ~ 0.5, Fe:0.1 ~ 2.5, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.05, Cu:0.05 ~ 0.15 and surplus, and technical parameter concrete in Forging Technology is as follows:
One, homogenization heat treatment takes staged heating means, arranges step at 700 ~ 800 DEG C, 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C, is as the criterion with heart portion to temperature and is incubated 2 ~ 3 hours respectively, 5 ~ 9 hours；Room temperature slowly heats up to 700 ~ 800 DEG C of speed taking 40 DEG C/h；Be specifically designed one section at 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C, be as the criterion the insulation high temperature long-time heat preservation stage of 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Two, the interval strict control of forging temperature, initial forging temperature is 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 880 ~ 980 DEG C；
Three, staged temperature-rising method is taked in solution heat treatment, rising to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, be as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, final solid solubility temperature takes 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, it is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 3 hour with heart portion to temperature, cooling by water of coming out of the stove；
Four, aging strengthening model rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h in short-term, is as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature；
Method particularly includes:
ESR ingot cold charge stove, arranges furnace temperature and rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1110 ~ 1150 DEG C with power heating rate, is as the criterion insulation 5 ~ 9 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Furnace temperature is risen to 1180 ~ 1220 DEG C with power heating rate, carries out final Homogenization Treatments, be as the criterion insulation 20 ~ 50 hours with heart portion to temperature；
Finally cooling carries out forging front heat treatment, prepares for forging；
Use the workpiece of heat treatment before homogenization heat treatment and forging to carry out cogging forging, pull out after first jumping-up；Forging process initial forging temperature controls at 1120 ~ 1190 DEG C, and final forging temperature controls at 880 ~ 980 DEG C；After forging molding, workpiece natural cooling, after carrying out roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis workpiece diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic inspection, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing；
Subsequently workpiece is carried out solution heat treatment, cold ingot shove charge, 700 ~ 800 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h from room temperature, it is as the criterion insulation 2 ~ 3 hours with heart portion to temperature, finally rise to 1120 ~ 1180 DEG C, being incubated 1 ~ 3 hour, insulation is come out of the stove after terminating and is put into rapidly tank water-cooled, it is ensured that the water in tank can circulate；Afterwards to workpiece roughing, polish, the grain size of sample analysis diverse location, and carry out ultrasonic examination, determine grain size control proper and without excessive defect after, carry out subsequent processing；
Workpiece after solution heat treatment carrying out aging strengthening model in short-term, cold ingot shove charge, rises to 700 ~ 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/h, be as the criterion insulation 1 ~ 5 hour with heart portion to temperature, air cooling of coming out of the stove, sampling carries out mechanics properties testing.
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