CN1321218C - Method for treating titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization - Google Patents
Method for treating titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization Download PDFInfo
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- CN1321218C CN1321218C CNB200510010098XA CN200510010098A CN1321218C CN 1321218 C CN1321218 C CN 1321218C CN B200510010098X A CNB200510010098X A CN B200510010098XA CN 200510010098 A CN200510010098 A CN 200510010098A CN 1321218 C CN1321218 C CN 1321218C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to method for treating TiAl-base alloys by cathode beam/heat treatment composite grain refinement, which belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment. Aiming at the defect that the fine crystal wafer structure is difficult to obtain in the process of refining a TiAl-base alloy by the existing treatment method, the present invention is realized in such a manner that first of all a TiAl-base alloy workpiece is preheated, and then the TiAl-base alloy workpiece is remelted by movable cathode beams, vacuum heat treatment is carried out for the molten TiAl-base alloy in an alpha-gamma phase region after the molten TiAl-base alloy is condensed, the heat treatment temperature is from 1100 to 1400 DEG C, and the heat treatment time is from 1 to 2 hours. With the present invention, crystal grains are obviously refined by once grain refinement, the grain size of the original parent metal is from 150 to 200 micrometers, and the grain size of the original parent metal is reduced to the grain size of 30 to 50 micrometers after once grain refinement according to the process; the crystal grains are thoroughly refined by second grain refinement according to the process, and the grain size reaches less than 30 micrometers. The present invention has obvious grain refining effect, simple refining process, convenient operation, greatly-shortened heat treatment time and obviously-increased efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the metal heat treatmet field.
Background technology:
Titanium aluminium base alloy is owing to have high temperature creep specific tenacity and specific rigidity, and good antioxidant property, be considered to ideal aerospace structured material, can at high temperature use and replace nickel base superalloy as high thrust-weight ratio engine thermal end pieces, as the turbine disk, seal casinghousing, blade and pneumatic plant stator, jet pipe etc., also can be used for the ground power system, as high temperature component such as automobile, tank engine, charging turbine, vent valve, pistons.But its temperature-room type plasticity, room temperature fracture toughness property, cracking resistance line expansion drag are very low, and these shortcomings hinder the application of TiAl alloy always.
The mechanical property of TiAl base alloy relies on its microstructure consumingly.The bifurcation tissue has best ductility, but fracture toughness property is lower; The intensity and the ductility of thick holostrome sheet tissue are low, but good fracture toughness property is arranged, and lamellar microstructure colony size reduces, and intensity and ductility are given birth to and all improved.The relation of TiAl alloy yield strength and grain-size has been confirmed in research both at home and abroad, follows the Hall-Petch formula preferably.This shows that thinning TiAl-base alloy is the important means that effectively improves TiAl base alloy mechanical property.
Because of it can form shape and nominal price only, casting technique will be the technological approaches that titanium aluminium base alloy is at first obtained industrial application.But TiAl base alloy casting state tissue is generally the synusia structure of thick group, and its room temperature ductility is almost nil, has only through method refinement microstructures such as alloying, thermomechanical treatment or special thermal treatment, could be with cast alloy as high-temperature structural material.Adopt alloying, cycle heat treatment and deformation process technology to develop and multiple titanium aluminium base alloy tissue.Studies show that in a large number tiny holostrome sheet tissue or bifurcation tissue are most likely to use to go up and succeed.
From present document online information retrieval result, general organizational controls method is difficult to obtain cryptomere sliver tissues, and the existing method that is used for fine-grained TiAl base alloy has powder metallurgy, adds grain-refining agent (TiB2 during founding, BN etc.), method such as hot mechanical treatment and direct heat processing.Hot mechanical treatment is that the TiAl alloy carries out adopting heat-treating methods after the thermal distortion, but this deformation induced refinement mechanism is because the cost height, and material use efficiency is low, is difficult to practicability.Problems such as and direct heat is handled, and adopts circulation method more, though technology is comparatively simple, the lifetime cycle is long, and efficient is low.
Process easily causes the sample cracking because of thermal stresses and the structural stress that quick cooling produces.
Summary of the invention:
Exist when the thinning TiAl-base alloy at existing treatment process and to be difficult to obtain cryptomere sliver tissues, the cost height, cycle is long, inefficient drawback, the invention provides the method for the treating titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization of the various titanium aluminium base alloy crystal grain of a kind of effectively refinement, it is achieved in that at first carries out thermal pretreatment to the titanium aluminium base alloy workpiece, utilize the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out remelting then, carry out vacuum heat treatment at α+γ phase region after the alloy condensation, thermal treatment temp is 1100～1400 ℃, heat treatment time is 1～2 hour, so far finishes a grain refining and handles.
Method of the present invention also can be carried out the surface detail crystalline substance, as diffusion welding, this type of material middle transition technology of soldering, process flow is (as Fig. 1): for preventing the generation of surface crack, titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded surface needs behind electron beam scanning/defocus preheating, utilize mobile electron Shu Jinhang surface remelting, carry out vacuum heat treatment at α+γ phase region after the alloy condensation, about 1200 ℃ of treatment temps, 1～2 hour time (selected the scope of treatment temp suitably to adjust according to alloy mother metal tissue signature, be holostrome sheet tissue as TiAl base alloy mother metal, temperature can be selected about 1350 ℃), so far finish the one-time surface grain refining and handle, obtain tiny bifurcation tissue, or tiny lamellar structure.The remelting treat surface is assembled into soldering/diffusion welding joint form such as butt joint, overlap joint, T connector etc. as soldered.Present method is applicable to that soldering or diffusion welding mother metal relate to the homogeneity of TiAl base alloy or the category of dissimilar materials welding.
In above-mentioned grain refining treating processes, the electron beam remelting alloy because speed of cooling is very fast, is similar to the Thermal Cycle process during condensation, thereby what obtain is non-equilibrium microstructure, has destroyed original thick cast structure.Contain defectives such as a large amount of dislocations, room in the new solidified structure, become the position of the preferential forming core of heat treatment process recrystallize.α is a large amount of mutually, the result of homogeneous nucleation, makes mutual restriction in the α phase grain growth process, hinders each other intercrystalline and grows up.Selecting two-phase region to carry out recrystallize and handle, also be in order to control the coarsening rate of crystal grain preferably, thereby the crystal grain that obtains after handling is just very tiny.
Test shows: a grain refining of the present invention just can make crystal grain tinyization significantly, and original mother metal grain-size is 150～200 μ m, and after grain refining of this technology was handled, grain-size dropped to 30～50 μ m.After carrying out the subgrain thinning processing by above-mentioned technology, fully refinement of crystal grain, grain-size is less than 30 μ m.Compared with prior art, major advantage of the present invention is as follows: grain refining effect is obvious, and process for refining is simple, and is easy to operate, and heat treatment time shortens greatly, and efficient obviously improves.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that electron beam surface remelting grain refining is handled titanium aluminium base alloy and follow-up welding;
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet that the electron beam grain refining is handled the titanium aluminium base alloy method in the embodiment one; Fig. 3 is the process flow sheet that electron beam partial remelting grain refining is handled titanium aluminium base alloy in the embodiment two.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one: present embodiment is like this titanium aluminium base alloy to be carried out thinning processing: after the titanium aluminium base alloy melting finishes, adopt the thermal treatment of 900 ℃/32h homogenizing, adopt 1250 ℃, 152Mpa, 4h hip treatment ingot casting then.As shown in Figure 2, titanium aluminium base alloy is carried out thermal pretreatment, utilize the mobile electron bundle that titanium aluminium base alloy is carried out remelting then, carry out vacuum heat treatment at α+γ phase region after the alloy condensation, thermal treatment temp is 1100～1400 ℃, heat treatment time is 1～2 hour, so far finishes a grain refining and handles, and obtains tiny bifurcation and organizes face of weld.The mode of thermal pretreatment described in the present embodiment is that electron beam defocuses or scan preheating; The mode of utilizing the mobile electron bundle workpiece to be carried out remelting is local remelting or surface remelting, and when utilizing the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out the surface remelting processing, available this method is carried out the surface detail crystalline substance, as the middle transition technology of diffusion welding, this type of material of soldering; When titanium aluminium base alloy is organized for the holostrome sheet, can regulate the vacuum heat treatment temperature in 1300～1400 ℃ of scopes.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is, in order to improve thinning effect, can carry out twice or twice above embodiment one described in the grain refining treatment process, operation is illustrated as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is utilized the vacuum induction scull to smelt and is finished the ingot metallurgy fusion process, alloying constituent is Ti-46.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr (at.%), homogenizing thermal treatment 32h under 900 ℃ temperature, hip treatment 4h under 1250 ℃, the condition of 152Mpa then is to eliminate the tiny flaws such as shrinkage cavity that produce in the castingprocesses.Cutting the part sample through technologies such as surface acid-washing, acetone wipings, workpiece surface is carried out pre-treatment, then workpiece is placed vacuum electron beam welding machine, is 5 * 10 in vacuum tightness
-4Under the condition of Torr, employing defocuses preheating method and carries out preheating, wherein welding speed: 15mm/s; Weldingvoltage: 55kV; Focusing current: 2790mA; Welding current: 3mA.Utilize the local remelting of mobile electron Shu Jinhang, concrete processing parameter is: welding speed is 4mm/s, and weldingvoltage is 55kV, and focusing current is 2590mA, and welding current is 15mA; Cool to room temperature after the condensation with the furnace.
After this sample is placed vacuum heat treatment furnace, carry out 1200 ℃/2h vacuum heat treatment, cool to room temperature with the furnace, so far finish a grain refining and handle, obtain tiny bifurcation tissue this moment at α+γ phase region.The mother metal grain-size is by being that 150～200 μ m drop to 30～50 μ m.Through above-mentioned treatment process, in treatment zone remelting postheat treatment again, the gained grain-size is 15～20 μ m again.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment and embodiment three were different is, alloying constituent is Ti-48Al-2.5V-1.0Cr (at.%), and it is 1350 ℃ in the temperature that α+γ phase region carries out vacuum heat treatment that sample places vacuum heat treatment furnace.The mother metal grain-size is identical with embodiment three after other technological processs, processing parameter and the thermal treatment.
Embodiment five: in the present embodiment TiAl base alloy is carried out the surface detail crystallization and handle, as diffusion welding, this type of material middle transition technology of soldering.For preventing the generation of surface crack, titanium aluminium base alloy surface treatment to be welded is after the electron beam scanning preheating, and sweep waveform is a square wave, VX=20, VY=20, sweep rate=600Hz, electric current I=3mA.(sweep waveform is square wave VX=20 to utilize the motion scan electron beam to carry out surface remelting, VY=20, sweep rate=600Hz, electric current I=10mA), carry out vacuum heat treatment at α+γ phase region after the alloy condensation, about 1200 ℃ of treatment temps, 2 hours time also was chilled to room temperature with stove and so far finishes a grain refining and handle, and obtained tiny bifurcation tissue this moment.The mother metal grain-size is by being that 150～200 μ m drop to 30～50 μ m.Through above-mentioned treatment process, in treatment zone remelting postheat treatment again, the gained grain-size is 15～20 μ m again.The remelting treat surface has been carried out the soldering overlap joint test of TiAl/40Cr as soldered face, and test-results finds that the strength of joint of welding gained after process surface treatment under the identical welding condition is apparently higher than the joint of handling the welding gained without surface remelting.
Claims (10)
1, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization, it is characterized in that described method is: at first the titanium aluminium base alloy workpiece is carried out thermal pretreatment, utilize the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out remelting then, carry out vacuum heat treatment at α+γ phase region after the alloy condensation, thermal treatment temp is 1100～1400 ℃, and heat treatment time is 1～2 hour.
2, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 1, the preheating method that it is characterized in that workpiece are that electron beam defocuses preheating or scanning preheating.
3, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 2, when it is characterized in that adopting electron beam to defocus preheating method carrying out preheating, welding speed is 15mm/s, and weldingvoltage is 55kV, focusing current is 2790mA, and welding current is 3mA.
4, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 2, when it is characterized in that adopting the electron beam scanning preheating method to carry out preheating, sweep waveform is a square wave, VX=20, VY=20, sweep rate=600Hz, electric current I=3mA.
5, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mode of utilizing the mobile electron bundle workpiece to be carried out remelting is local remelting or surface remelting.
6, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the grain refining treatment process is as the middle transition technology of diffusion welding or soldering when utilizing the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out surface remelting.
7, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 5, it is characterized in that welding speed is 4mm/s when utilizing the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out local remelting, weldingvoltage is 55kV, focusing current is 2590mA, and welding current is 15mA.
8, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 5 is characterized in that sweep waveform is a square wave when utilizing the mobile electron bundle that workpiece is carried out surface remelting, VX=20, VY=20, sweep rate=600Hz, electric current I=10mA.
9, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out twice or twice above grain refining treatment process.
10, the method for the treatment of titanium-aluminium base ally by electron beam/heat treatment composite crygtallization according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vacuum heat treatment temperature is 1300～1400 ℃ when titanium aluminium base alloy is organized for the holostrome sheet.
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| CN103056782B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-02-25 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for controlling removal quantities of re-melting layers of blade film holes by abrasive flow processing |
| CN104419883A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 北京赛亿科技股份有限公司 | Method for intensifying plasma beam on surface of combustion chamber of aluminum piston of internal combustion engine |
| CN104480347B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-03-29 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of TiAl-base alloy and its Technology for Heating Processing |
| CN106521384B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of method that Nb Si based alloy inoxidizability is improved using electron beam remelting technology |
| CN107030356B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2023-07-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Multifunctional composite numerical control vacuum electron beam processing equipment |
| CN108486513B (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-01-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | TiBw/TC4 composite material surface nano remelted layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109136528A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 宁波诺丁汉大学 | A kind of devices and methods therefor refining ndfeb magnet crystallite dimension |
| CN111172404A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-19 | 南昌航空大学 | Electron beam remelting device and method for particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN112065507B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-01-31 | 航天科工(长沙)新材料研究院有限公司 | Aero-engine single-alloy dual-performance turbine disc and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085263A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1994-04-13 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | The method of titanium aluminium base alloy grain refining |
| JPH09241864A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-16 | Tousei Electro Beam Kk | Method for hardening surface of aluminum alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085263A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1994-04-13 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | The method of titanium aluminium base alloy grain refining |
| JPH09241864A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-16 | Tousei Electro Beam Kk | Method for hardening surface of aluminum alloy |
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