CN105923795A - Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria - Google Patents

Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria Download PDF

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CN105923795A
CN105923795A CN201610522899.2A CN201610522899A CN105923795A CN 105923795 A CN105923795 A CN 105923795A CN 201610522899 A CN201610522899 A CN 201610522899A CN 105923795 A CN105923795 A CN 105923795A
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reactor
anaerobic ammonia
oxidizing bacteria
water outlet
water inlet
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王伟
吴奔腾
任雪松
徐步德
周婧
于瑞馨
蔡静
席慕华
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Hefei University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria. According to the method, effluent of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor is taken as inlet water of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria culture reactor, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are fed into the inlet water, activated sludge is taken as an inoculant of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria culture reactor, matrix constitution and operating parameters are optimized and controlled, and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria with high denitrification efficiency and stable processing effect is cultured within 5-90 days; and furthermore, the culture is not influenced by the inoculation amount of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, the starting time is short, and the processing effect is good.

Description

A kind of method of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria
One, technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, belongs to sewage water denitrification process field.
Two, background technology
Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation is called for short Anammox) refers at anaerobism or anoxia ring Under border, anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria is with cultured water as electron acceptor, and oxidation ammonia nitrogen generates the biochemical process of nitrogen.With tradition nitrification Denitrification denitrogenation technique is compared, and this technique can be greatly lowered aeration rate, save operating cost and floor space, and is not subject to The restriction of organic carbon source.In terms of bio-denitrifying sewage, especially under the conditions of low ratio of carbon to ammonium, this technique has a wide range of applications Prospect.Meanwhile, anaerobic ammonia oxidation process there is also problems, and the proliferative speed of such as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is slowly, from generation to generation Cycle is the longest, inoculation mud source is not enough and expensive, is difficult in Practical Project under conditions of not having anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria inoculation Application.Merely with the bioreactor of activated sludge inoculation, it usually needs expends within 100～300 days, could obtain nitric efficiency height, The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria that ammonia nitrogen loading is high.Build on the Anammox reaction of the engineer applied of First in the world of Rotterdam, NED Device is under conditions of inoculating without any anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and the startup of reactor was for up to 3.5 years.Therefore, the most quickly train Foster anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria has become the hot issue of this research field.
Three, summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide a kind of method of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, with solve anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria incubation time length and The problems such as inoculation mud source is not enough.
The method of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria of the present invention, uses the water outlet (hereinafter referred of conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor Anammox water outlet) water inlet of reactor (hereinafter referred Anammox bacterium cultivate reactor) is cultivated as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, And in water inlet, add ammonia nitrogen and cultured water, cultivate the inoculum of reactor using activated sludge as Anammox bacterium, pass through Substrate composition and the optimal control of operational factor, turned out the anaerobism ammonia oxygen that nitric efficiency is high, treatment effect is stable in 5～90 days Change bacterium.
Described conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor refers to the bioreactor containing anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and anaerobism ammonia in reactor Oxidation bacteria can carry out Anammox reaction, have metabolic activity and denitrification effect.
Described Anammox water outlet refers to the direct water outlet of conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor or the supernatant after gravitational settling Or supernatant after being performing centrifugal separation on or the water outlet after filtering or the water outlet etc. after flocculation sediment.Water outlet after described filtration Water outlet etc. after filtering including the water outlet after membrane filtration or sand filtration.
The ammonia nitrogen concentration of described Anammox water outlet is 0～100mg/L, and nitrate nitrogen concentration is 0～500mg/L, nitrite Nitrogen concentration is 0～100mg/L, and pH is that in 5～10, and Anammox water outlet, Anammox bacterial content depends on above-mentioned process The difference of method and different.The enforcement of technical solution of the present invention is not limited by Anammox bacterial content in Anammox water outlet, Other content of material is all in the range of the aqueous concentration of conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor.
It is conventional reactor configuration that described anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates reactor, including complete, the reaction of horizontal plug-flow Device, flap reactor, upflow-type reactor, fall flow reactor, sequencing batch reactor, membrane bioreactor, biofilter, Fluid bed, moving bed etc., it is possible to provide place for microorganism and substrate hybrid reaction.
The concentration adding ammonia nitrogen in water inlet is 1～1000mg/L, and the concentration adding cultured water in water inlet is 1～1000 Mg/L, controls the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and cultured water ratio for 10:1～1:10.Can also directly add containing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration Sewage in above-mentioned concentration range.
Described activated sludge is municipal sewage plant or the aerobic activated sludge of industrial effluent treatment plant or anaerobic activated sludge or lacks Oxygen activity mud or excess sludge；The inoculum density of activated sludge is 0.01～200g MLSS/L or 0.01～170g MLVSS/L.
Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is cultivated the operational factor of reactor and is provided that
The operational mode of reactor is periodic running or continuous way operation, and running temperature is 10～60 DEG C, solution in reactor PH value controls 5～10, and hydraulic detention time is 0.1 hour～10 days, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0～10mg/L.Other parameter is equal The conventional control parameter corresponding for selected different reactor configuration and scope thereof.The optimal control of above-mentioned parameter is not limited to The restriction of single parameter scope, but by the Combinatorial Optimization of each control parameter, set up the most suitable anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and cultivate Environment.
Described anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is cultivated the water inlet of reactor and is completely or partially used Anammox water outlet, and wherein Anammox goes out Water accounts for 0.001～100% that anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates the water inlet volume of reactor.
Further, nutrient substance and trace element can be added in described anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates the water inlet of reactor；Described Nutrient substance and trace element include 0～2g/L phosphorus, 0～2g/L calcium, 0～2g/L potassium, 0～2g/L magnesium, 0～2g/L ferrum, 0～1g/L Cobalt, 0～1g/L selenium, 0～1g/L boron, 0～1g/L zinc, 0～1g/L molybdenum, 0～1g/L iodine, 0～1g/L copper, 0～1g/L manganese, The combination of one or more in 0～1g/L nickel, 0～1g/L aluminum, 0～1g/L sulphion, controls metal cation in water inlet the denseest Degree is 0.1～20g/L.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantages that
1, do not affected by anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria inoculum concentration, expanded the effective means of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria.The present invention Using existing Anammox water outlet to cultivate the water inlet of reactor as Anammox bacterium, therefore the inventive method can not connect The effect of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is realized, hence it is evident that be different from existing inoculation and detest in the case of planting anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria The fast start up of reactor of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacterium, under the conditions of without inoculation anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria by changing process configurations and optimizing technique Parameter realizes the technology such as the quick startup of reactor, thus has expanded the effective means of quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria.
2, domestication time with activated sludge culture anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria needed for has been greatly shortened.The present invention utilizes existing Anammox Water outlet cultivates the water inlet of reactor as Anammox bacterium, by substrate composition and the optimal control of operational factor, it is possible to accelerate Microbial Communities in Activated Sludge develops to anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, can turn out that nitric efficiency is high, treatment effect is stable in 5～90 days Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in activated sludge (common anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Jettenia, Candidatus Kuenenia) proportion can reach 0.5-30%；It is substantially better than existing anaerobism ammonia Needed for oxidation bacteria culture technique 3～12 months domestication time.
3, the toxigenic capacity of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is reduced.The present invention can realize anaerobism ammonia oxygen not inoculating anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria Change the fast culture of antibacterial, save expensive anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria inoculation expense；Existing Anammox is utilized to go out Water cultivates the water inlet of reactor as Anammox bacterium, belongs to sewage recycling and effectively utilizes, has saved anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria training Matter and energy consumption needed for the process of supporting.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the handling process schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is ammonia-nitrogen content and the variation diagram of clearance thereof in embodiment 1 reactor Inlet and outlet water.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 reactor Inlet and outlet water Central Asia nitrate nitrogen content and the variation diagram of clearance thereof.
Fig. 4 is the handling process schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is ammonia-nitrogen content and the variation diagram of clearance thereof in embodiment 2 reactor Inlet and outlet water.
Fig. 6 is embodiment 2 reactor Inlet and outlet water Central Asia nitrate nitrogen content and the variation diagram of clearance thereof.
Five, detailed description of the invention
The seed sludge used in the embodiment of the present invention takes from municipal wastewater treatment plant activated sludge, and sludge concentration uses MLVSS to represent. Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, the method for quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is achieved in that
The water outlet (water outlet of hereinafter referred Anammox) using conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor cultivates reaction as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria The water inlet of device (hereinafter referred Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor), and in water inlet, add ammonia nitrogen and cultured water, with activity Mud cultivates the inoculum of reactor as Anammox bacterium, by substrate composition and the optimal control of operational factor, turns out The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria that nitric efficiency is high, treatment effect is stable, to remove nitrogen element in waste water.Through the operation of 23 days, through detesting Effluent quality after anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor for treatment is as follows: NH4 +-N≤1.5mg/L, clearance reaches more than 95%；Tie through flora Structure is analyzed, and the common anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia proportion reported reaches 1-5%；Do not changing control The parameter extension reactor operation time, this bacterium proportion can reach 15-25% to 90 days.
NO2 --N≤1mg/L, clearance reaches more than 98%, successfully realizes the fast culture process of Anammox flora.Each parameter It is provided that
Conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor: using sequence bioreactor, dischargeable capacity is 50L, and hydraulic detention time is 2.5 My god, Anammox bacteria concentration is 6-8g MLVSS/L.In water inlet, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are respectively 50～200mg/L With 50～200mg/L, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite mass ratio are 1:1～1:2, the domestication time more than 100 days, ammonia nitrogen, nitre in water outlet Hydrochlorate nitrogen and nitrite concentration are respectively 0～10mg/L, 20～50mg/L, 0～5mg/L.Water outlet pH value is 7.5～8.5, temperature Degree is 20 DEG C.
Anammox water outlet: use the direct water outlet of the above-mentioned conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor supernatant conduct after gravitational settling Anammox bacterium cultivates the water inlet of reactor, and the sedimentation time is 24-72 hour.In supernatant, Biomass content is less than 0.01 gVSS/L。
Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor water inlet: adds ammonia nitrogen in Anammox water outlet and makes its concentration be 50mg/L, adds Nitrite nitrogen makes its concentration be 50mg/L, and adds nutrient substance and trace element, and described nutrient substance and trace element include Sodium (0～1g/L), phosphorus (0～1g/L), calcium (0～1g/L), potassium (0～1g/L), magnesium (0～0.5g/L), ferrum (0～0.5g/L), Cobalt (0～0.2g/L), selenium (0～0.2g/L), boron (0～0.2g/L), zinc (0～0.2g/L), molybdenum (0～0.2g/L), iodine (0～0.2 G/L), copper (0～0.2g/L), manganese (0～0.2g/L), nickel (0～0.2g/L), aluminum (0～0.2g/L), sulfur (0～0.2g/L) etc. Different kinds of ions, in water inlet, metal cation total concentration is 4～5g/L.
Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor inoculum: using municipal sewage plant's hypoxia activity mud, reactor seed sludge is dense Degree is 10g MLVSS/L.
Anammox bacterium cultivates the technological parameter of reactor: it is membrane bioreactor that Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor, in anaerobism Using the continuous way method of operation under conditions of lucifuge, temperature range of operation is 30～35 DEG C, and solution ph scope is 7.0～8.5, Hydraulic detention time is 24～48 hours, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0～0.5mg/L.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, the method for quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is achieved in that
The water outlet (water outlet of hereinafter referred Anammox) using conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is cultivated as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria The water inlet of reactor (hereinafter referred Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor), and in water inlet, add ammonia nitrogen and cultured water, with Activated sludge cultivates the inoculum of reactor as Anammox bacterium, by substrate composition and the optimal control of operational factor, training Raise the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria that nitric efficiency is high, treatment effect is stable, to remove nitrogen element in waste water.Through the operation of 10 days, Effluent quality after anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor processes is as follows: NH4 +-N≤1.5mg/L, clearance reaches more than 95%；
NO2 --N≤1mg/L, clearance reaches more than 98%, successfully realizes the fast culture process of Anammox flora.Each parameter is arranged As follows: through Bacterial community analysis, the common anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia proportion reported reaches 0.5-2%.；Do not change control parameter extension reactor run the time to 90 days, this bacterium proportion can reach 15-28%.
Conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor: using sequence bioreactor, dischargeable capacity is 50L, and hydraulic detention time is 2.5 My god, Anammox bacteria concentration is 6-8g MLVSS/L.In water inlet, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are respectively 50～200mg/L With 50～200mg/L, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite mass ratio are 1:1～1:2, the domestication time more than 100 days, ammonia nitrogen, nitre in water outlet Hydrochlorate nitrogen and nitrite concentration are respectively 0～10mg/L, 20～50mg/L, 0～5mg/L.Water outlet pH value is 7.5～8.5, temperature Degree is 20 DEG C.
Anammox water outlet: use the direct water outlet of above-mentioned conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through pvdf membrane (aperture 0.01～0.2 Micron) filter the water outlet water inlet as Anammox bacterium cultivation reactor.
Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor water inlet: adds ammonia nitrogen in Anammox water outlet and makes its concentration be 50mg/L, adds Nitrite nitrogen makes its concentration be 50mg/L, and adds nutrient substance and trace element, and described nutrient substance and trace element include Sodium (0～1g/L), phosphorus (0～1g/L), calcium (0～1g/L), potassium (0～1g/L), magnesium (0～0.5g/L), ferrum (0～0.5g/L), Cobalt (0～0.2g/L), selenium (0～0.2g/L), boron (0～0.2g/L), zinc (0～0.2g/L), molybdenum (0～0.2g/L), iodine (0～0.2 G/L), copper (0～0.2g/L), manganese (0～0.2g/L), nickel (0～0.2g/L), aluminum (0～0.2g/L), sulfur (0～0.2g/L) etc. Different kinds of ions, in water inlet, metal cation total concentration is 4～5g/L.
Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor inoculum: using municipal sewage plant's hypoxia activity mud, reactor seed sludge is dense Degree is 10g MLVSS/L.
Anammox bacterium cultivates the technological parameter of reactor: it is membrane bioreactor that Anammox bacterium cultivates reactor, in anaerobism Using the continuous way method of operation under conditions of lucifuge, temperature range of operation is 30～35 DEG C, and solution ph scope is 7.0～8.5, Hydraulic detention time is 24～48 hours, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0～0.5mg/L.

Claims (10)

1. the method for a quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, it is characterised in that:
The water inlet of reactor is cultivated in the water outlet using conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and throws in water inlet Add ammonia nitrogen and cultured water, cultivate the inoculum of reactor using activated sludge as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, formed by substrate and transport The optimal control of line parameter, turned out the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria that nitric efficiency is high, treatment effect is stable in 5～90 days.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The water outlet of described conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor refers to the direct water outlet of conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor or sinks through gravity Supernatant after fall or the supernatant after being performing centrifugal separation on or the water outlet after filtering or the water outlet after flocculation sediment.
3. according to the method described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:
In the direct water outlet of described conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, ammonia nitrogen concentration is 0～100mg/L, and nitrate nitrogen concentration is 0～500mg/L, nitrite nitrogen concentration is 0～100mg/L, and pH is 5～10.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The concentration adding ammonia nitrogen in water inlet is 1～1000mg/L, and the concentration adding cultured water in water inlet is 1～1000 mg/L。
5. according to the method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that:
Control the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and cultured water ratio for 10:1～1:10.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described activated sludge is municipal sewage plant or the aerobic activated sludge of industrial effluent treatment plant or anaerobic activated sludge or lacks Oxygen activity mud or excess sludge；The inoculum density of activated sludge is 0.01～200g MLSS/L or 0.01～170g MLVSS/L.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates all or part of water outlet using conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor of water inlet of reactor, its The water outlet of middle conventional anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor accounts for 0.001～100% that anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates the water inlet volume of reactor.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is cultivated the operational factor of reactor and arranged such as Under:
The operational mode of reactor is periodic running or continuous way operation, and running temperature is 10～60 DEG C, solution in reactor PH value controls 5～10, and hydraulic detention time is 0.1 hour～10 days, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0～10mg/L.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Nutrient substance and trace element is added in described anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivates the water inlet of reactor；Described nutrient substance and micro- Secondary element includes 0～2g/L phosphorus, 0～2g/L calcium, 0～2g/L potassium, 0～2g/L magnesium, 0～2g/L ferrum, 0～1g/L cobalt, 0～1g/L Selenium, 0～1g/L boron, 0～1g/L zinc, 0～1g/L molybdenum, 0～1g/L iodine, 0～1g/L copper, 0～1g/L manganese, 0～1g/L nickel, The combination of one or more in 0～1g/L aluminum, 0～1g/L sulphion.
Method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
Controlling metal cation total concentration in the water inlet of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cultivation reactor is 0.1～20g/L.
CN201610522899.2A 2016-07-04 2016-07-04 Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria Pending CN105923795A (en)

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CN108191050A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-22 郑州轻工业学院 A kind of flue gas desulfurization waste-water and the method for ammonia nitrogen waste water low consumption collaboration processing
CN108503022A (en) * 2018-03-23 2018-09-07 郑州轻工业学院 A kind of black-odor riverway restorative procedure based on anaerobism sulfate reduction ammoxidation
CN110029075A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-19 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of culture medium and the preparation method and application thereof using activated sludge fast enriching anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria
CN111333181A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-26 西安建筑科技大学 Rapid filtration type anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction method for treating low-concentration nitrogen-containing wastewater
WO2021035806A1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 南京大学 Method for stating integrated denitrification system combining short-term denitrification and anammox
CN112978921A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-18 清华大学 Sewage denitrification system
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