CN105921852A - Electric arc wire filling additive manufacturing method for inclined thin-walled structural part - Google Patents
Electric arc wire filling additive manufacturing method for inclined thin-walled structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921852A CN105921852A CN201610408053.6A CN201610408053A CN105921852A CN 105921852 A CN105921852 A CN 105921852A CN 201610408053 A CN201610408053 A CN 201610408053A CN 105921852 A CN105921852 A CN 105921852A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric arc wire filling additive manufacturing method for an inclined thin-walled structural part. The electric arc wire filling additive manufacturing method is used for manufacturing the inclined thin-walled structural part forming a certain included angle with a substrate. When multiple layers of single-pass inclined thin-walled parts are stacked, a first layer is formed by lapping two stacked weld beads, so that the problem of weld pool flowing due to excessive offset during stacking of a second layer is effectively solved; and when the second layer and subsequent layers are stacked, a welding gun horizontally shifts for a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to the height, thereby forming an inclined structure. According to the electric arc wire filling additive manufacturing method disclosed by the invention, the problems of high equipment cost, complex system, low forming precision of stacked parts and the like of an existing inclined thin-walled structural part are solved; the forming of the inclined thin-walled structural part can be finished in a mode of not turning over the substrate by a positioner; high-quality forming of the inclined thin-walled structural part is realized; and in addition, the method is easy in automation of forming process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increase material manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc silk filling and increase material manufacture method.
Background technology
In recent years, under resources conservation and high efficiency manufacture background, research and the application of metal parts increasing material manufacturing technology are studied
The extensive concern of scholar.Although the conventional cast of hardware, the machining process accuracy of manufacture are high, but there is manufacturing process
Tilt, working (machining) efficiency is low, stock utilization is low, manufacture the series of problems such as flexible degree is low, production cost is high.
Electric arc silk filling increases material manufacturing technology and uses welding arc as thermal source, and filler wire under the effect of electric arc thermal source, according to zero
Part threedimensional model hierarchy slicing, successively piles up until forming full accumulation horizon metal parts on substrate according to set path.At present,
The method is primarily suitable for direct forming band large-scale metal structural member, and formed parts consistency is high, metallurgical binding performance one-tenth good, chemical
Point uniformly, mechanical property meets or exceeds forging level.Comparing with laser powder-filled, electric arc silk filling increases material manufacturing technology and sets
The series of advantages such as standby low cost, silk material deposition rate is high, environmental pollution is little.
Owing to hardware shaping is to carry out in the way of liquid droplets transition, therefore the electric arc of dip member fills silk and increases material manufacture
Difficulty is big, especially for there being the multilayer single track thin-wall metal component at certain inclination angle with substrate, shapes difficulty bigger.At present, right
In the shaping of this inclination thin-wall member, the mode usually through positioner upset substrate completes.But in actual working environment,
There is the shortcomings such as equipment cost height, system tilt in the mode using positioner upset substrate.Therefore, need exploitation one badly and tilt thin
Simple, the practical approach that wall member shapes.
Finding through the literature search of prior art, willow is built et al. on " at Shenyang University of Technology's journal " (2012, Vo34, No.5)
Deliver " technological parameter affecting laws to built-up welding deposition forming limit inclination angle ".Literary composition uses and offsets along accumulation horizon length direction
It is perpendicular on accumulation horizon direction skew with edge and shapes multilayer single track incline structure thin-wall part.But deposit along the skew of accumulation horizon length direction
In the feature of hardware end forming quality difference, practical application, and offset up can shape along being perpendicular to accumulation horizon side
Having the thin-wall part at certain inclination angle, but the method also has weak point, when being mainly reflected in the accumulation second layer, forming quality is difficult to
Controlling, when particularly side-play amount is big, forming quality is worse.Therefore, it is necessary to existing method is improved.
Chinese Patent Application No.: the patent of 201210483539.8 entitled " a kind of arc additive of titanium alloy structural part manufacture methods "
The electric arc providing the multilayer multiple tracks titanium alloy structure part that a kind of cross section is annular increases material manufacture method, and the method uses from the inside to the outside
Annular weld bead successively overlap shaping one layer of annular element, mainly for the accumulation of multilayer multiple tracks annular structural part, but the method is also
It is not suitable for multilayer single track and tilts the accumulation of thin-walled workpiece, heap can not be determined according to the shaping inclination angle of thin-walled workpiece Yu substrate
Long-pending process welding gun side-play amount.Therefore, need a kind of multilayer single track of proposition badly and tilt thin-walled workpiece electric arc silk filling increasing material manufacture method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc fills silk and increases material manufacture
Method, in order to efficiently, accurately shape multilayer single track thin-walled workpiece.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc fills silk and increases material manufacture method, for the thin-walled knot manufactured and substrate has certain angle to tilt
Component, described thin-walled workpiece is multilayer single-pass configuration, comprises the following steps:
Step one: using electric arc silk filling to increase material manufacture thermal source and pile up ground floor first on substrate, welding gun is the most horizontal
The distance of skew is 0.667 times that ground floor first piles up width, stand-by period 1-3min between road；Then ground floor is started
The overlap joint in two roads is piled up, interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；
Owing to ground floor shapes on substrate, radiating condition is preferable, after having piled up ground floor first, in order to control
Temperature between certain road, when piling up ground floor second, needs to set between suitable road the stand-by period.If waited between road
Between the shortest, then between road, temperature is too high, if between road the stand-by period oversize, then reduce forming efficiency；When therefore setting wait between road
Between 1-3min；
Filling silk in view of electric arc, it is big to increase the input of material manufacture process heat, from the beginning of the second layer, piles up welding bead radiating condition and is gradually deteriorated,
In order to prevent succeeding layer from molten bath trickling or cob webbing occurring in banking process, need strictly to control interlayer temperature.Interlayer waits
Set of time is too small, easily occurs shaping the trickling in molten bath, and the interlayer stand-by period sets excessive, can reduce again forming efficiency.Cause
This, need to set the suitable interlayer stand-by period, therefore set the interlayer stand-by period as 1-5min；
In the inventive method, the second layer shapes on the basis of ground floor, and therefore ground floor must be piled up relatively flat
Accumulation horizon.Ground floor includes ground floor first and ground floor second, piles up welding bead, Liang Tiaodui to obtain smooth overlap joint
The centre distance of long-pending welding bead must set a suitable value.If centre distance sets excessive, then deposit between two accumulation welding beads
At pit.If centre distance sets too small, then there will be accumulation welding bead " bulge " phenomenon.Therefore two heaps of ground floor are set
Long-pending welding bead centre distance is 0.667 times that ground floor first piles up width；
Step 2: welding gun moves to be piled up at the path starting the arc or blow-out end to ground floor first, and then welding gun is the most horizontal
Offset d mm, completes the accumulation of the second layer, interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, weldering
Rifle transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is calculated by below equation and determines: d=h cos β, wherein, β is multilayer single track
Tilt the angle of thin-walled workpiece and substrate, h be multilayer single-pass configuration part be floor height when 90 ° with substrate angle；
Step 3: welding gun raises a floor height hβ, then welding gun lateral shift dmm in the horizontal direction, complete the accumulation of third layer,
Interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, the floor height h that welding gun raisesβIt is to pass through below equation
Calculating determines: hβ=h sin β；Wherein, β is the angle that multilayer single track tilts thin-walled workpiece and substrate, and h is multilayer list
Road structural member and substrate angle are floor height when 90 °；
Step 4: continue to repeat step 3, complete multilayer stack shaping, until total part forming dimension meets the requirements.
It is preferred that, welding gun transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is 0-1.2mm.When interlayer welding gun side-play amount d is 0,
The structural member shaped and substrate angle are 90 °, without slant characteristic.When side-play amount d is chosen excessive, the molten bath of current accumulation horizon
Metal is partially suspended in preceding layer, easily causes the trickling in molten bath, and then occurs that the shaping of thin-wall part is caved in.Therefore weld
Rifle transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is 0-1.2mm.
It is preferred that, the stacked direction of described ground floor first is identical with the stacked direction of ground floor second.
It is preferred that, the stacked direction between adjacent layer is contrary.Increase material manufacture process in view of electric arc silk filling to exist at the starting the arc
Highly big, feature low at blow-out, if piled up along same direction all the time, it may appear that starting the arc end is more and more higher, blow-out end is more
Carry out the lowest feature, cause forming process to proceed.Therefore, use the mode that the stacked direction of adjacent interlayer is contrary,
Starting the arc end and blow-out end size difference can be utilized to carry out size make up, efficiently solve end size difference.
It is preferred that, welding gun is fixed on robot the 6th shaft end or the cross balladeur train that driven by stepper motor.
It is preferred that, it is consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc, tungsten argon arc or plasma arc that electric arc increase material to manufacture thermal source.
The invention have the benefit that instant invention overcomes existing inclination thin-walled workpiece shapes equipment cost height, the system existed
The problems such as complicated, accumulation part forming accuracy is low, can complete oblique structural members under the mode that need not positioner upset substrate
Shape.In the present invention, when piling up multilayer single track inclination thin-wall part, ground floor is piled up welding beads overlap joint by two and is formed, effective gram
Take the molten bath trickling problem caused when the second layer is piled up owing to side-play amount is excessive.When piling up the second layer and succeeding layer, welding gun edge
It is perpendicular to short transverse horizontal-shift certain distance, and then shapes incline structure.This invention achieves the height of thin-walled workpiece
Quality shapes, and the method is also easy to the automation of forming process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the multilayer single track straight wall oblique structural members electric arc silk filling of embodiment 1 increases material manufacture process schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the multilayer single track annular oblique structural members electric arc silk filling of embodiment 2 increases material manufacture process schematic diagram；
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention being described, those skilled in the art can be by disclosed by this specification
Content understand other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also be added by the most different detailed description of the invention
To implement or application, the every details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and application, in the essence without departing from the present invention
Various modification or change is carried out under god.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, high-strength steel straight wall structural member is multilayer single-pass configuration, structural member height 70mm, width 7.5mm, long 150mm,
Straight wall structural member is at 45 ° with substrate angle.Electric arc fills silk and increase material to manufacture equipment is Panasonic YD-500FR power supply, ABB
Robot is as motion, and welding gun is fixed on robot the 6th shaft end.Electric arc fills silk and increases material Fabrication parameter: pile up electric current
150A, stackeding speed 5mm/s, when structural member and substrate angle are 90 °, accumulation horizon floor height h is 1.66mm, and banking process is used
Protection gas is 95%Ar+5%CO2, filling silk material is CHW-55CNH high-strength weathering steel welding wire, silk material diameter 1.2mm, Q235
Substrate size is 200mm × 120mm × 10mm, and welding gun is fixed on robot the 6th shaft end or the cross driven by stepper motor
On balladeur train.It is consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc, tungsten argon arc or plasma arc that electric arc increase material to manufacture thermal source.Specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one: by the motion of ABB robot, regulates welding gun height, it is ensured that welding gun to substrate surface vertical range is 12mm.
Determining arcing point on substrate, use electric arc silk filling to increase material manufacture thermal source and pile up ground floor first on substrate, welding gun is along level
The distance of direction lateral shift is that ground floor first piles up 0.667 times of width, stand-by period 1min between road, then starts the
The overlap joint of one layer of second is piled up, interlayer stand-by period 1min；
Step 2: welding gun moves to be piled up at the path starting the arc or blow-out end to ground floor first, and then welding gun is the most horizontal
Offset d mm, completes the accumulation of the second layer, interlayer stand-by period 1min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, weldering
Rifle transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is calculated by below equation and determines: d=h cos β, wherein, β is multilayer single track
Tilt the angle of thin-walled workpiece and substrate, h be multilayer single-pass configuration part be floor height when 90 ° with substrate angle；
Step 3: welding gun raises a floor height hβ, then welding gun lateral shift dmm in the horizontal direction, complete the accumulation of third layer,
Interlayer stand-by period 1min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, the floor height h that welding gun raisesβIt is by below equation meter
Determine: hβ=h sin β；Wherein, β is the angle that multilayer single track tilts thin-walled workpiece and substrate, and h is multilayer single track
Structural member and substrate angle are floor height when 90 °；
Step 4: continue to repeat step 3, complete the accumulation of remainder layer, until the height gauge of whole multilayer single track thin-walled workpiece
Till very little satisfied requirement.
In the banking process of above-mentioned inclination thin-walled workpiece, ground floor first is identical with the stacked direction of ground floor second, and
Contrary along piling height direction adjacent interlayer stacked direction.
Embodiment 2
As in figure 2 it is shown, high-strength steel circular ring structure part is multilayer single-pass configuration, high 43mm, width 6mm, in circular ring structure part
Heart radius 55mm, circular ring structure part cross section becomes 60 ° with substrate.Electric arc fills silk and increase material to manufacture equipment is Panasonic YD-500FR
Power supply, ABB robot is as motion, and welding gun is fixed on robot the 6th shaft end.High-strength steel annulus thin-walled workpiece
Build up process parameter is: piles up electric current 120A, stackeding speed 5.3mm/s, piles up layer by layer when structural member and substrate angle are 90 °
High h is 1.44mm, and banking process protection gas is 95%Ar+5%CO2, filling silk material is CHW-55CNH high-strength weathering steel
Welding wire, silk material diameter 1.2mm, Q235 substrate size is 200mm × 150mm × 10mm.Welding gun is fixed on robot the 6th axle
On end or the cross balladeur train that driven by stepper motor.It is consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc, tungsten argon arc that electric arc increase material to manufacture thermal source
Or plasma arc.Specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) by the motion of ABB robot, welding gun height is regulated, it is ensured that welding gun to substrate surface vertical range is 14mm.
Determining arcing point on substrate, welding gun is along annulus movement outside, and the distance of welding gun lateral shift in the horizontal direction is ground floor first
0.667 times of width is piled up in road, and after Arc, welding gun moves along clockwise direction, stand-by period 3min between road, then starts
The overlap joint of ground floor second is piled up；
(2) welding gun moves and piles up at the path starting the arc or blow-out end to ground floor first, and welding gun is along annulus movement outside, welding gun water
Welding gun moves in the counterclockwise direction square after lateral shift dmm, Arc, completes the accumulation of the second layer, when interlayer waits
Between 5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, welding gun transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is by below equation meter
Determining: d=h cos β, wherein, β is the angle that multilayer single track tilts thin-walled workpiece and substrate, and h is multilayer single track
Structural member and substrate angle are floor height when 90 °；
Step 3: welding gun raises a floor height hβ, welding gun along annulus movement outside, the distance of welding gun lateral shift in the horizontal direction
For dmm, complete the accumulation of third layer, interlayer stand-by period 5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, welding gun
The floor height h raisedβCalculated by below equation and determine: hβ=h sin β, wherein, β is that multilayer single track tilts thin-wall construction
The angle of part and substrate, h be multilayer single-pass configuration part be floor height when 90 ° with substrate angle；
Step 4: continue to repeat step 3, complete the accumulation of remainder layer, until the height gauge of whole multilayer single track thin-walled workpiece
Till very little satisfied requirement.
Above-mentioned multilayer single track annulus tilts in the banking process of thin-walled workpiece, ground floor first and the accumulation of ground floor second
Direction is identical, and adjacent interlayer stacked direction is contrary.
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any it is familiar with this skill
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage of art.Therefore, all institutes
Belong to and technical field has all equivalences that usually intellectual is completed under without departing from disclosed spirit and technological thought
Modify or change, must be contained by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. tilt the silk filling of thin-walled workpiece electric arc and increase a material manufacture method, have the inclination thin-walled of certain angle for manufacture and substrate
Structural member, described thin-walled workpiece is multilayer single-pass configuration, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one: using electric arc silk filling to increase material manufacture thermal source and pile up ground floor first on substrate, welding gun is the most horizontal
The distance of skew is that ground floor first piles up 0.667 times of width, stand-by period 1-3min between road, then starts ground floor the
The overlap joint in two roads is piled up, interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；
Step 2: welding gun moves to be piled up at the path starting the arc or blow-out end to ground floor first, and then welding gun is the most horizontal
Offset d mm, completes the accumulation of the second layer, interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, weldering
Rifle transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is calculated by below equation and determines: d=h cos β, wherein, β is multilayer single track
Tilt the angle of thin-walled workpiece and substrate, h be multilayer single-pass configuration part be floor height when 90 ° with substrate angle；
Step 3: welding gun raises a floor height hβ, then welding gun lateral shift dmm in the horizontal direction, complete the accumulation of third layer,
Interlayer stand-by period 1-5min；In the banking process of the second layer and succeeding layer, the floor height h that welding gun raisesβIt is to pass through below equation
Calculating determines: hβ=h sin β, wherein, β is the angle that multilayer single track tilts thin-walled workpiece and substrate, and h is multilayer list
Road structural member and substrate angle are floor height when 90 °；
Step 4: continue to repeat step 3, complete multilayer stack shaping, until total part forming dimension meets the requirements.
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc the most according to claim 1 fills silk and increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that: weldering
Rifle transversal displacement d in the horizontal direction is 0-1.2mm.
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc the most according to claim 1 fills silk and increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that: institute
The stacked direction stating ground floor first is identical with the stacked direction of ground floor second.
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc the most according to claim 1 fills silk and increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that: phase
Stacked direction between adjacent bed is contrary.
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc the most according to claim 1 fills silk and increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that: weldering
Rifle is fixed on robot the 6th shaft end or the cross balladeur train that driven by stepper motor.
A kind of inclination thin-walled workpiece electric arc the most according to claim 1 fills silk and increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that: electricity
It is consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc, tungsten argon arc or plasma arc that arc increase material to manufacture thermal source.
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| CN111565877A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-08-21 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing shaped object, and shaped object |
| CN111417485A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-07-14 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing shaped object |
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| CN109158738A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-08 | 河南工程学院 | One effective reinforcement material structure welding increasing material manufacturing method and welding increase material muscle material structure |
| CN109530851A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy hanging structure part electric arc increasing material manufacturing method |
| CN109530851B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-02-22 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method for aluminum alloy suspended structural part |
| CN110587072A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-20 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Forming method of metal structural part |
| CN110587072B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-06-15 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Forming method of metal structural part |
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| CN111014881B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-09-24 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Method and device for manufacturing thin-wall round table type structure |
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