CN105921851A - Arc-welding material additive manufacturing method for stainless steel part - Google Patents
Arc-welding material additive manufacturing method for stainless steel part Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921851A CN105921851A CN201610382892.5A CN201610382892A CN105921851A CN 105921851 A CN105921851 A CN 105921851A CN 201610382892 A CN201610382892 A CN 201610382892A CN 105921851 A CN105921851 A CN 105921851A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc-welding material additive manufacturing method for a stainless steel part. The arc-welding material additive manufacturing method for stainless steel part includes the steps that a three-dimension part model is built according to the structure of the stainless steel part, layering treatment is carried out on the three-dimension part with parting software, scanning path planning is carried out on each layer, and information of the layers of the part is obtained; forming technological parameters are determined, specifically, arc welding current is 90-120 A, arc welding voltage is 13-18 V, the wire feeding speed is 4-8 m/min, the flow of protective gas is 15-25 L/min, and the scanning speed is 0.3-0.7 m/min; and the information is input into an arc-welding material additive manufacturing device, and formation of the stainless steel layer is completed step by step and layer by layer according to the sequence from arcing to forming and arc extinction. The stainless steel part prepared through the method meets the requirement, a metallographic structure is free of pores and cracks and tends to a martensitic structure, the texture is fine, and the layers are in metallurgical bonding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increase material manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of stainless steel parts arc-welding and increase material manufacture
Method.
Background technology
Increase material and manufacture Rapid Prototyping technique without mould processing, it is possible to production cycle is greatly shortened, improves
Production efficiency, and material and production cost can be saved.The quick shaping of metal parts was ground in recent years
The favor of the person of studying carefully, is divided into electric arc to increase material manufacture, laser gain material manufacture, electronics now according to high energy beam thermal source
The technology such as Shu Zengcai manufacture, raw material typically has metal dust and two kinds of forms of welding wire.The difference of thermal source causes
Increase material manufacturing technology in forming accuracy, deposition efficiency and the difference to aspects such as complex parts sensitivitys.
It is that one utilizes successively cladding principle that arc-welding increases material manufacturing technology, uses consumable electrode noble gas protective
The electric arc that welding, gas tungsten arc welding connect and the welding machine such as the plasma source of welding current produces is heat
Source, by the interpolation of silk material, under the control of program, according to three-dimensional digital model by line-face-body gradually
Shape the advanced Digitized Manufacturing Technology of metal parts.This technology has that efficiency is high, equipment cost is low,
The advantage such as simple to operate, easily controllable.
Existing arc-welding increases material manufacturing technology, when carrying out stainless steel parts and shaping, along with the increasing piling up the number of plies
Adding, part self heat can constantly be accumulated, and temperature raises, and constant temperature is higher will cause the crystal grain of part
Thick, intensity reduces, and finally affects the performance of part, and meanwhile, the higher meeting of temperature causes liquid metal
Arbitrarily flowing, in turn results in forming accuracy poor.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of stainless steel parts arc-welding and increase material manufacture method, solve existing arc
Weldering increases material manufacture method constant temperature and raises the problem affecting part performance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of stainless steel parts arc-welding increases material manufacture method, including
Following steps:
(1) according to stainless steel parts structure, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision software to this three-dimensional
Model carries out layered shaping, and is scanned path planning to every layer, it is thus achieved that part each synusia information；
(2) forming parameters is determined, including arc-welding electric current, arc-welding voltage, wire feed rate, protection gas
Body flow and scanning speed；Wherein: arc-welding electric current is 90～120A, and arc-welding voltage is 13～18V, send
Silk speed be 4～8m/min, shield gas flow rate is 15～25L/min, scanning speed be 0.3～
0.7m/min；
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding and increase material manufacture equipment, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, successively complete rustless steel by road
The shaping of part.
The feature of the present invention also resides in:
During part forming, after completing current layer shaping, when current layer temperature is less than 300 DEG C, start
Carry out the shaping of next layer.
During part forming, start again after stopping 0.1～0.5s after the starting the arc to shape, stop before blow-out
Terminate again after 0.1～0.8s to shape.
When step (1) is scanned path planning, according to starting the arc position between layers and blow-out position
The principle that staggers is planned, starting the arc position and the blow-out position principle that staggers refers to: between the layers, upper one
The starting the arc position of layer is as the blow-out position of next layer, and the blow-out position of last layer is as the starting the arc of next layer
Position.
Protective gas is the mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide.
The mixed proportion of argon and carbon dioxide is: 97.5%Ar:2.5%CO2。
During part forming, scan mode is contour scanning and fills the mode that scanning combines.
During part forming, the overlapping rate between molten road is 30%～60%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the temperature in forming process is controlled by the inventive method, gram
Take the problem that coarse grains is uneven, and compensate for the starting the arc stage by the pause after the starting the arc and before blow-out
Electric current is unstable and blow-out stage current is less causes the less defect caused of cladding amount.Use side of the present invention
The stainless steel parts that method is prepared is of the required size, metallographic structure pore-free flawless, trends towards geneva
Soma, fine microstructures, it is metallurgical binding between layers.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of the stainless steel parts that the inventive method produces.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention
It is not limited to these embodiments.
The stainless steel parts arc-welding of the present invention increases material manufacture method, specifically implements according to following steps:
(1) according to stainless steel parts structure, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision software to this three-dimensional
Model carries out layered shaping, and is scanned path planning to every layer, it is thus achieved that part each synusia information；
Wherein, during planning scanning pattern, stagger principle according to starting the arc position between layers and blow-out position.
Starting the arc position and the blow-out position principle that staggers refers to: between the layers, the starting the arc position of last layer as under
The blow-out position of one layer, the blow-out position of last layer is as the starting the arc position of next layer, starting the arc cladding excess
The defect few with blow-out cladding amount mutually makes up.
(2) forming parameters is determined；Including arc-welding electric current, arc-welding voltage, wire feed rate, protection gas
Body flow, scanning speed；Wherein: arc-welding electric current is 90～120A, and arc-welding voltage is 13～18V, send
Silk speed be 4～8m/min, shield gas flow rate is 15～25L/min, scanning speed be 0.3～
0.7m/min；Wherein, protective gas is chosen as the mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide, mixed proportion
For: 97.5%Ar:2.5%CO2。
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding and increase material manufacture equipment, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, successively complete rustless steel by road
The shaping of part.Wherein, stay for some time after the starting the arc and start again to shape, stay for some time before blow-out
Terminate again to shape；After the starting the arc, the time of staying is 0.1～0.5s, and before blow-out, the time of staying is 0.1～0.8s.This
Sample is in the resting state starting the arc, and stopping the of short duration time can effectively make up what starting the arc stage current instability caused
Defect, blow-out stops the of short duration time and can effectively make up that blow-out electric current is less causes less natural of cladding amount
Defect.It addition, after completing the shaping of part monolayer, measure current layer temperature in real time, little in current layer temperature
In 300 DEG C time, proceed by the shaping of next layer.Under such temperature controls, can suppress under part
The growing up of one layer crystal grain, ensure that metal liquid has a less mobility, thus improve part performance and
Forming accuracy.In forming process, scan mode uses contour scanning and fills the mode that scanning combines,
Overlapping rate between molten road is 30%～60%.
Through above step, can shape be of the required size, flawless and the rustless steel zero of non-misrun
Part.As Fig. 1 can be seen that, the metallographic structure pore-free flawless of part, trend towards martensitic structure, group
Knit tiny, be metallurgical binding between layers.
Embodiment 1
With forming dimension as 80mm × 308 stainless steel parts of 40mm × 30mm as a example by the inventive method
It is described in detail:
(1) according to 308 stainless steel parts structures, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision software to this
Threedimensional model carries out layered shaping, and the three-dimensional data of part is converted to 2-D data, according to layer and layer it
Between starting the arc position and blow-out position stagger principle, layer each to part is scanned path planning, it is thus achieved that part
Synusia information.
(2) selecting 308 stainless steel silk materials as moulding material, string diameter is Φ 1.2mm, selects the most not
Rust steel is as base material, and arranging arc-welding electric current is 105A, and arc-welding voltage is 17V, and wire feed rate is 6.5m/min,
Shield gas flow rate is 15L/min, and scanning speed is 0.5m/min, protective gas be 97.5%Ar and
2.5%CO2Mixed gas.
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding increasing material manufacture equipment to start to shape, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, the completeest by road
Become the shaping of stainless steel parts.
During formation of parts monolayer, the first starting the arc, after stopping 0.2s, according to the scanning pattern of this layer of part, adopt
The scan mode combined with contour scanning and filling scanning is scanned, and carries out this layer of part by road
Shaping, at the end of shaping, after stopping 0.5s, then blow-out terminates to shape.After completing the shaping of part monolayer,
Use infrared radiation thermometer to measure this layer of temperature in real time, when this layer of temperature is less than 300 DEG C, proceed by next
The shaping of layer, the overlapping rate between part monolayer melts is 50%.
308 stainless steel parts using the method to obtain are detected, after its shaping a size of
82mm × 41mm × 28mm, all directions are of the required size and (for arc-welding increases material manufacturing technology, become
Shape be slightly larger in dimension than actual size be of the required size), flawless and non-misrun.Entity is cut simultaneously
Being segmented into metallographic test block, observe its metallographic structure pore-free flawless, trend towards martensitic structure, tissue is thin
Little, it is metallurgical binding between layers.
Embodiment 2
With form diameter as 20mm, height be 40mm 304 rustless steel cylindrical parts as a example by
Inventive method is described in detail:
(1) according to 304 rustless steel cylindrical part structures, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision soft
Part carries out layered shaping to this threedimensional model, the three-dimensional data of part is converted to 2-D data, according to layer
And between layer, stagger principle in starting the arc position and blow-out position, and layer each to part is scanned path planning, obtains
Obtain part each synusia information；
(2) selecting 304 stainless steel silk materials as moulding material, string diameter is Φ 1.5mm, selects the most not
Rust steel is as base material, and arranging arc-welding electric current is 90A, and arc-welding voltage is 18V, and wire feed rate is 4m/min,
Shield gas flow rate is 20L/min, and scanning speed is 0.3m/min, protective gas be 97.5%Ar and
2.5%CO2Mixed gas；
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding increasing material manufacture equipment to start to shape, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, the completeest by road
Become the shaping of stainless steel parts；
During formation of parts monolayer, the first starting the arc, after stopping 0.5s, according to the scanning pattern of this layer of part, adopt
The scan mode combined with contour scanning and filling scanning is scanned, and carries out this layer of part by road
Shaping, at the end of shaping, after stopping 0.8s, then blow-out terminates to shape.After completing the shaping of part monolayer,
Use infrared radiation thermometer to measure this layer of temperature in real time, when this layer of temperature is less than 300 DEG C, proceed by next
The shaping of layer, the overlapping rate between part monolayer melts is 60%.
304 stainless steel parts using the method to obtain are detected, its shape after a size of diameter
21mm, highly 41mm, all directions are of the required size, flawless, non-misrun.Entity is cut simultaneously
Being segmented into metallographic test block, observe its metallographic structure pore-free flawless, trend towards martensitic structure, tissue is thin
Little, it is metallurgical binding between layers.
Embodiment 3
With forming dimension as 40mm × 316 stainless steel parts of 40mm × 40mm as a example by the inventive method
It is described in detail:
(1) according to 316 stainless steel parts structures, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision software to this
Threedimensional model carries out layered shaping, and the three-dimensional data of part is converted to 2-D data, according to layer and layer it
Between starting the arc position and blow-out position stagger principle, layer each to part is scanned path planning, it is thus achieved that part
Synusia information；
(2) selecting 316 stainless steel silk materials as moulding material, string diameter is Φ 1.2mm, selects the most not
Rust steel is as base material, and arranging arc-welding electric current is 120A, and arc-welding voltage is 13V, and wire feed rate is 8m/min,
Shield gas flow rate is 25L/min, and scanning speed is 0.7m/min, protective gas be 97.5%Ar and
2.5%CO2Mixed gas；
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding increasing material manufacture equipment to start to shape, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, the completeest by road
Become the shaping of stainless steel parts；
During formation of parts monolayer, the first starting the arc, after stopping 0.1s, according to the scanning pattern of this layer of part, adopt
The scan mode combined with contour scanning and filling scanning is scanned, and carries out this layer of part by road
Shaping, at the end of shaping, after stopping 0.1s, then blow-out terminates to shape.After completing the shaping of part monolayer,
Use infrared radiation thermometer to measure this layer of temperature in real time, when this layer of temperature is less than 300 DEG C, proceed by next
The shaping of layer, the overlapping rate between part monolayer melts is 30%.
316 stainless steel parts using the method to obtain are detected, after its shaping a size of
42mm × 42mm × 43mm, all directions are of the required size, flawless, non-misrun.Entity is cut simultaneously
Being segmented into metallographic test block, observe its metallographic structure pore-free flawless, trend towards martensitic structure, tissue is thin
Little, it is metallurgical binding between layers.
Above description of the present invention is section Example, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete reality
Execute mode.Above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is schematic, is not restrictive.Every employing this
Bright material and method, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, institute
Within having concrete expansion all to belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a stainless steel parts arc-welding increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) according to stainless steel parts structure, set up three-dimensional part model, use subdivision software to this three-dimensional
Model carries out layered shaping, and is scanned path planning to every layer, it is thus achieved that part each synusia information；
(2) forming parameters is determined, including arc-welding electric current, arc-welding voltage, wire feed rate, protection gas
Body flow and scanning speed；Wherein: arc-welding electric current is 90～120A, and arc-welding voltage is 13～18V, send
Silk speed be 4～8m/min, shield gas flow rate is 15～25L/min, scanning speed be 0.3～
0.7m/min；
(3) the part synusia information and the forming parameters that obtain in step (1) and step (2) are led
Enter arc-welding and increase material manufacture equipment, shape the order of blow-out according to the starting the arc, successively complete rustless steel by road
The shaping of part.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 1 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
During part forming, after completing current layer shaping, when current layer temperature is less than 300 DEG C, proceed by
The shaping of next layer.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 1 and 2 increases material manufacture method, and its feature exists
In, during part forming, stop after the starting the arc and start again after 0.1～0.5s to shape, stop before blow-out 0.1～
Terminate again after 0.8s to shape.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 3 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
When described step (1) is scanned path planning, according to starting the arc position between layers and blow-out position
The principle that staggers is planned, starting the arc position and the blow-out position principle that staggers refers to: between the layers, upper one
The starting the arc position of layer is as the blow-out position of next layer, and the blow-out position of last layer is as the starting the arc of next layer
Position.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 4 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
Described protective gas is the mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 5 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
The mixed proportion of described argon and carbon dioxide is: 97.5%Ar:2.5%CO2。
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 4 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
During part forming, scan mode is contour scanning and fills the mode that scanning combines.
Stainless steel parts arc-welding the most according to claim 4 increases material manufacture method, it is characterised in that
During part forming, the overlapping rate between molten road is 30%～60%.
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| CN106425022A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-22 | 南京理工大学 | Method for manufacturing composite material component through CMT additive manufacturing |
| CN106513932A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-22 | 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 | Rapid forming method for laminated composite structure |
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| CN110461509A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-15 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacturing method and manufacture system of moulder is laminated |
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