CN105916753B - For monitoring the system and method for railcar performance - Google Patents
For monitoring the system and method for railcar performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN105916753B CN105916753B CN201380032404.2A CN201380032404A CN105916753B CN 105916753 B CN105916753 B CN 105916753B CN 201380032404 A CN201380032404 A CN 201380032404A CN 105916753 B CN105916753 B CN 105916753B
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
- B61L27/57—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for vehicles or trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
- B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of system of operation for monitoring railcar has：One or more is assemblied in the sensing unit on railcar, for monitoring the operating parameter of railcar and/or situation；And communications management unit, it is carried out wireless communication with the sensing unit, wherein the system can determine alarm condition based on the data of sensing unit collection.Additionally provide the temp sensor device for using in such systems.
Description
Related application
This application claims the equity of the U.S. Provisional Application of serial number 61/661661 that on June 19th, 2012 submits, and
It is the part continuation application for the Copending U.S. Patent Application of serial number 12/861713 that August in 2010 is submitted on the 23rd, the U.S.
The disclosure of provisional application and Copending U.S. Patent Application is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the real time monitoring for railcar (railcar) and analysis system and more particularly, to
It collects to come with various operating parameters and the relevant data of situation and application heuritic approach (heuristics) from distance sensor
The data are analyzed to detect and/or the system of predicted operation failure.Also disclose the spy for monitoring the temperature on railcar
Determine purposes.
Background technology
Accident and improve efficiency in order to prevent, the owner and operator of railcar it should be understood that their assets how
Operation.With the use in heavier compartment, as long as exist (can damage track infrastructure and cause for " bad actuator "
The compartment of rail) performance become the demand of the unacceptable bigger for just identifying them.Also exist for by improving high speed performance
The demand of average train speed is improved with unplanned service disruption caused by mechanical breakdown is reduced.The owner in compartment gets over
Mostly seek to realize preventative maintenance program, to predict and avoid the mechanical breakdown at scene and effectively dispatch in factory
Repair and they select time.Finally, with the more automation of rail operation and for improving safety increasingly
More regulations, railway industry need for monitor train, compartment and railway freight-car performance new mode.
Soon cause to be not only single railcar smaller mechanical breakdown and be entire train
Catastrophic failure.It is therefore desirable for it detects and is reported away from working specification to locomotive engine or central data processing facility as quickly as possible
Deviation or the imminent failure of prediction, to allow timely human intervention.
A kind of method used in North America is used in the roadside tracer of the fixed position throughout railway network.
It is common to measure the detector (hot-box detector) of bearing temperature, and is used for measurement wheel collision, bearing condition (from acoustics spy
Sign) and other road boundary detection devices of cross force be just gradually introduced into.Although however, a detector can be in many freight cars
It is monitored when passing through, but they can only provide the sampling check to performance.Being likely to failure will be only in detector
Between become apparent and be gradually upgraded to critical level.
Another kind has used car kits for the method for railcar performance monitoring.One this outstanding system by
Exploitation is for federal railway office.In this or other similar systems, many instruments in the different zones of freight car
For carrying out discrete measurement, which is subsequently communicated to the central hub on freight car.Although it provides opposite
The preferable solution for the monitor of roadside, but wiring, complexity and cost increase the monitoring required throwing in compartment
Money, and reduce efficiency and reliability.
However, current system lacks following ability：Using heuritic approach, received with acting on from more than one sensor
The ability of the data of collection or detection show the operation deviation of the deviation away from nominal operating parameters or the ability of trend.In addition, at present
System be limited in the following areas：Current system lacks the ability in this heuritic approach of multiple level applications, example
Such as a other sensor-level not, in railcar rank and in train rank.Finally, current system lacks following energy
Power：Sensor uses the wireless communication infrastructure for having multiple redundancy and the data between particular sensor being allowed to transmit, and has
Effect and the ability that the data of sensor are reliably transmitted to central data collection facility.
Therefore, it would be desirable to have a kind of system, system solves the problem these it is current the defects of, and improve：(1) reliably
Collect and utilize the ability of the data of multiple sensors on each railcar；(2) heuristic calculation is applied for passing through
Method is come the ability of analyzing the data of collection to detect with predicted operation defect；And (3) for determining the tight of detected situation
Weight and determines whether that instant alarm should be sent out to promote the ability of human intervention degree.
Invention content
The present invention has following purpose：It provides to monitor the output from the various sensors for being attached to railcar simultaneously
Railcar and its performance of various parts and the device of situation are determined based on the analysis to the data.This is with beneficial in time
Mode provides necessary early warning to imminent or practical failure and to suitable to the operator of train and the owner
When performance and situation conventional guarantee.
For monitoring some beneficial performance standards for example including roller bearing temperature, carrying cargo temperature,
The position of parking brake, wheel condition, lorry swing/distortion/binding, brake status and performance, is born roller bearing adapter displacement
Load state and load capacity, whether generating unit separates rail and potential problematic track condition.
In the case of the environment of requirement operated wherein in given railroad train, any monitoring system must be rigidity
, it is reliable and can be operated in long period and need seldom to safeguard or do not need to safeguard.In addition, in order to cost-effective,
It should not increase significantly into installing, safeguard or operate originally the system.Because it only there is in North America more than 1,500,000
Freight car, therefore the system for monitoring all compartments in use is very desired, and therefore the system is required to locate
Manage larger numbers of potential device.
In one embodiment of the invention, sensing unit or device are disposed at each position around railcar
(being referred to herein as " node (mote) ").The node can include sensor, power supply, for reading sensor and convert reading
Into digital form circuit and allow the node that sensor reading is wirelessly transmitted to the telecommunication circuit of external receiver.
In some instances, node can also have is analyzed to determine whether to need to propose alarm for performing to the low level of data
Ability and the ability for the alarm to be sent to external receiver.
Each railcar can also be equipped with communications management unit (CMU), and CMU is each with being disposed on railcar
Node communicates.CMU can wirelessly collect the data from each node, and perform the high-level analysis to the data,
To detect at hand or practical failure.During this data analysis, statistics mould can be based on using heuritic approach
Type and empirical data and determine potential failure.CMU also is able to the result of any analysis and data being transmitted to far from railway
The receiver in compartment.
Remote receiver can be located on locomotive engine or other middle positions on train or can not be aboard.
Remote receiver can also can pass through the data application to being collected from multiple CMU on the different railcars on train
Heuritic approach and statistical model perform the high level analysis to train situation.The analysis of the data of collection can divided
It is performed at any event engine in different event engines in all parts of cloth in the present invention, each portion
Part includes sensor unit, CMU and mobile base station or ground base station.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide comprehensive system, which allows the wireless collection of data and to the data
Analysis, with predicted operation failure and sufficient early warning to these failures is provided, for allowing to send out in catastrophic failure
Human intervention before life.
Another object is to provide specific sensor application, such as can monitor all parts and article on railcar
Temperature temperature sensor.
Following discussion describes the system in the background of freight car, however, technical personnel in this field will understand that,
Identical method can be applied to any rolling stock.Although in addition, following description make freight car tool there are two lorry (or
The train of rear axle engagement) feature, but following description can be applied to a times with more or fewer lorries or axle
What is configured.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the decomposition perspective view of node according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the section view of node shown in FIG. 1；
Fig. 3 and 3A is the view that node shown in FIG. 1 is assemblied on railcar bearing adapter；
Fig. 4 is to be assemblied on railcar to obtain the node for being configured as temperature sensor of ambient air temperature reading
View；
Fig. 5 is the view of interchangeable temperature sensor node；
Fig. 5 A are the decomposition views of the sensor node shown in fig. 5 with the component for being assembled to railcar；
Fig. 5 B are the schematic views of sensor node shown in fig. 5 being used together with tank railcar；And
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for the communication path for showing basic embodiment according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Inventionbroadly, the performance for monitoring railcar and the novel device of operation are provided.This includes supervising
Control the system of railcar and be assemblied on railcar for the sensor that is used together with the system.These sensings
Device is communicated with the communications management unit being preferably mounted on railcar.The Sensor monitoring and/or collection and railway
The relevant data of special parameter and situation in compartment.If detecting problem, alarm can be sent out for further acting.
The sensor is described below with the illustrative sensors for being absorbed in monitoring temperature.Followed by using the sensor
The detailed description of monitoring system.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, include and dispose sensing in self-sustaining formula (self-contained) housing
Device, the self-sustaining sandwich type element generally include sensor, long-life batteries, processor plate and communication unit.As previously mentioned,
These remote units are referred to herein as " node ".The node can be configured for the parameter or situation to be monitored, and can
To be placed in the position for being aboard selected for this monitoring.
With reference to 1,2,3 and 3A of figure, exemplary nodes 10 will now be described.In this specific embodiment, node 10 is configured to
The surface of the bearing adapter 12 of railcar can be assembled to, for monitoring the temperature of wheel bearing.Node 10 has shell
Body 14, housing 14 have first part or cap 16 and second part or base portion 18.Preferably, housing parts 16 and 18 are by resistance to
It is formed by the duroplasts of environmental damage, such as UV grades of polymer, such as makrolon/ABS mixtures, and housing parts 16 and 18
It is weather-proof after being fully assembled.After various parts are installed in as described below in housing 14, pass through shell
Opening in body 14 provides Embedding Material (not shown), therein to keep, encapsulate and surround (environmentally) sealing
Component.Can use it is any it is suitable circuit and component can be protected from the electrified irrigation closure material of harsh Railway Environment, wherein
Harsh weather, UV irradiations, humidity, vibration, mechanical collision, thermal shock and abrasion may occur when device is in operation.This
Kind material includes epoxy resin, polyurethanes and silicide.Preferably flexible aethylis carbamas, is suitable for electronics use
It way and it can be passed through sends the wireless signal of frequency to be used.
Being configured for monitoring the sensor 20 of desired parameter or situation can be assembled in housing 14 or can be with
Outside node and it is electrically connected to node.Fig. 1 and 2 shows that temperature sensor 20a, temperature sensor 20a are thermally coupled to hot biography
Defeated element 22, heat transport element 22 extend through the opening 24 in housing 14, and preferred heat transport element 22 is copper plug, such as institute
It shows.Heat transport element 22 is thermally coupled to sensor 20 via hot epoxy resin.The configuration is preferably used for monitoring node
The surface temperature of attached article (item), this is because heat transport element 22 is by the table attached by contact node thereon
Face.Preferred temperature sensor is silicon temperature sensor, and silicon temperature sensor is ideal for circuit.In the present embodiment
In, node 10 will be assembled into and copper plug 22 be placed in the heat transmission between the part of railcar, wherein being expected for institute
State the temperature reading of the part of railcar.Such as one of those of ordinary skill it will be recognized that node 10 is about sensor 20
Configuration depending on sensor type and desired data type.Sensor 20 can be any kind of sensor, packet
It includes such as temperature sensor, pressure sensor, load cell (load cell), stress measurement device, Hall effect transducer, shake
Dynamic sensor, accelerometer, gyroscope, displacement sensor, inductive pick-up, pressure resistance type microphone or ultrasonic sensor.In addition,
Sensor can be the type of switch, including such as reed switch and limit switch.In U.S. Patent Publication 2012/0046811
It is described in (U.S. Patent application 12/861,713 submitted on the 23rd of August in 2010) another type of using stress measurement device
The example of junction sensor (such as parking brake monitor sensor), the disclosure of the U.S. Patent Publication are incorporated in by reference
This.
The operation that circuit 26 is used for node 10 is provided.Circuit 26 includes coming from sensing for operating and/or receiving and handle
The component of the signal of device 10 and wiring.This can include but is not limited to modulus circuit, CPU, processor, circuit board, memory, consolidates
Part, controller and other electronic articles, operation temperature sensor and processing information as described further below are required
Like that.In the embodiment illustrated, circuit 26 carries out telecommunication for receiving from temperature sensor with temperature sensor
Signal.Two circuit boards be provided as via connector (header) be connected with each other, as discussed further below as.
Circuit 26 includes mainboard 28 and daughter board 30, and mainboard 28 includes telecommunication circuit, antenna and microprocessor, and daughter board 30 includes
For reading the circuit of the data from sensor 10, and the analog-to-digital conversion of the data can be performed, and work(can also be included
Rate adjusts circuit.Mainboard 28 can also include the intelligence for being sufficient to perform the low level analysis to data, and can receive
From external source with when the relevant parameter of alarm should be sent out.For example, for the node 10 shown in Fig. 1 and 2, together with temperature
It spends sensor 20 together, can be programmed for sending out when the temperature sensed is more than certain threshold value for several continuous readings
Go out alarm.
Mainboard 28 further includes the circuit for wireless communication.Preferably, each node 10 on railcar with identical
Railcar on other nodes 10 and the communications management unit on the railcar 38 identical with being also preferably assemblied in
(CMU) 32 are formed as from group (ad-hoc) mesh network (see Fig. 6).In a preferred embodiment, each node 10 is by its data
It is transmitted to the CMU32 being assemblied on identical railcar.The data transmission can directly occur or the data can be by
Other nodes in mesh network forward (relay) to CMU32.It is netted that time synchronization is preferably used in the ad hoc network shape network
Agreement is formed, and the netted agreement of time synchronization is the communication protocol of the self-organizing network for wireless device.
Node 10 further includes long-life power supply 34, preferably military rank lithium thionyl chloride cell.Daughter board 30 includes work(
Rate adjusts and management circuit, and can include for the feature of saving battery life, and this feature makes node 10 keep in treating
Machine situation and periodic wakeup node 10 are to transmit the reading from sensor 20.
Individual node 10 is assembled in the area of interest on railcar 38.As an example, Fig. 3 and 3A are shown
It is assembled to the temperature sensing node 10 of the above-mentioned type of the bearing adapter 12 of the railcar wheel bearing 39 of railcar.It can
To use thermally conductive epoxy resin binder that the unit is attached between copper plug 22 and adapter 36, to ensure for temperature
It sensor and is passed for the good heat of the mechanical fixings (such as tapping screw etc) during node 10 is held in place
It is defeated.In this specific example, node 10 can be attached to all 8 wheel bearing adapters of each railcar wheel 40
12.In addition, ambient temp sensor node 10 can also be assembled on the region of reception free stream of railcar 38.Figure
4 show the node 10 for being used to monitor ambient temperature being assemblied on the car body of rolling stock 38.The device circuit 26 obtain with
The monitored relevant information of (such as bearing or surrounding) temperature.Due to temperature sensor bearing not in direct contact, but it is straight
Contact bearing adapter is connect, therefore the device is calibrated, so that temperature reading indicates bearing temperature.The calibration is considered in institute
The temperature (referring to Fig. 3 a) of bearing adapter at the point of measurement and the other place by being assemblied on railcar are to feel
Survey the ambient temperature (referring to Fig. 4) measured by the second temperature sensor node of ambient temperature and the class with bearing adapter
The relevant information of type (different models is of different sizes and is configured).It can such as be calibrated using appropriate test to research and develop
Algorithm etc for the calibration information that is used by circuit 26.The bearing temperature information for forming various alarm conditions can also be carried
Supply circuit 26 is preferably stored on circuit 26, this allows 10 monitoring bearing temperature of device and based on ambient temperature come really
Determine bearing temperature and take desired action.On typical railcar 38, there will be eight sensors 10, (each wheels
At 40) on each bearing adapter 12 there are one sensor 10, and a sensor 10 be placed for measuring around temperature
Degree.Ambient temp sensor 10 sends ambient temperature to CMU, during CMU information of the sensor requirements at bearing adapter
Provide this information to the sensor at bearing adapter.This will allow the sensor 10 at bearing adapter 12 to determine bearing temperature
It spends and then determines whether to need further to act, such as transmit heat alert.In addition, between device 10 and CMU 32
Communication, the preferably netted agreement of time synchronization, that is, for the communication protocol of the self-organizing network of wireless device.
Interchangeable temperature sensor node 10 is shown with reference to figure 5,5A and 5B, is shown for monitoring and node
The node 10 for the temperature of the part of railcar that 10 housing 14 is spaced.For example, it may be desired to by monitor reservoir or
The temperature of chamber wall monitors the temperature of temperature or container inside for being stored in the cargo in reservoir, but above-mentioned for straight
It is unsuitable to be connected to the node 10 on the surface to be monitored.Here it is considered that node 10 constructs in the same manner as described above, in addition to temperature
Degree sensor 20 is located in the detector 48 being spaced with housing 14.Temperature sensor 20 is located at is electrically attached to housing via line 52
In 14 sensor detector head 50.First 50 preferably have annular by what the heat conducting material of such as stainless steel etc was formed
The cylinder of head body 54.The temperature sensor 20 for being electrically attached to electric connector 58a is fitted in a body opening 56.Have at center
The toroidal magnet 60 of opening is fitted in first 50 around sensor 20.Thermally conductive epoxy resin or other suitable Embedding Material
Magnet 60 and temperature sensor 20 are sealed in body 50, and ensure the good Heat transmission for sensor 20.It is connected to pair
Temperature sensor 20 is connected to node shell 14 by the corresponding electric power connector 58b of the connector 58a answered via line 52, described
Line 52 is preferably flexible the cable 62 of coating PVC.In order to help to assemble the housing 14, silicone gasket 64, metal dress are provided
Matching board 66 and housing silicon assembling washer 68.Node 10 constantly monitors cargo temperature, and is meeting such as fast temperature variation, surpassing
Excess temperature threshold value when specific criteria when give a warning.
As this device and the example for the method for installing the device, such as in the fluid storage for representing tank car compartment 38
Shown in Fig. 5 B of tank 70, the temperature nodes 10 with the detector 48 separated can be used for monitoring by with outer cover
The temperature of the liquid 72 of 72 memory storage of tank on tank car compartment 38 that 80 relatively thicker collet 74 covers.Here it is possible to
The small opening 76 that diameter is about 2 " is cut into set 74, detector head 50 to be allowed to be attached to using thermally conductive epoxy resin
The clean outer surface 78 of reservoir 70.Magnet 60 in first 50 helps that detector 48 is made to be maintained at suitable in epoxy resin cure
When in position.The housing 14 of node 10 is assemblied on the outside of shroud 80, and connects to the end 50 via cable 62, if required
Words cable 62 can be coiled to fit within opening 76.In order to which housing 14 is attached to shroud 80, silicone gasket 64 by against
Shroud 80 and be placed in opening 76, followed by metal mounting plate 66, followed by silicone gasket 68, washer 64 and 68 ensure housing
14 pairs of shrouds 80 it is good Weather sealed.Metal mounting plate 60 is fixed to shroud 80, and node with screw or bolt
Housing 14 is utilized screw 82 and screw is fixed to buck plate 66.The calibration of node circuit ensures the liquid 72 in reservoir 70
Accurate temperature reading, and the ambient temperature monitored from another sensor 10 can be used to be read to calculate accurate temperature
Number.
In order to transmit the data collected by node 10, each node carries out double with the CMU 32 being assemblied on railcar 38
To communication, CMU 32 collects the data from each node, and can send and instruct to node, as shown in Figure 6.As aforementioned
, it is connected to each node 10 of identical railcar 38 and CMU 32 forms local ad hoc network shape network, with convenient
The communication being connected between each node 10 of identical railcar 38 and CMU 32.Word " telecommunication management as used herein
Unit " or " CMU " mean that can receive data from one or more nodes 10 and/or alarm can simultaneously receive to long-range
Any device of machine transmission data and warning information.It is (all that CMU 32 is preferably the communication link that will act as to other position
Such as mobile base station 42 (such as locomotive engine 46), the base station 44 based on ground) individual unit, and with its own circuit,
The data that CPU, processor, memory, power supply etc. receive for processing.In a preferred embodiment, CMU 32 can also and iron
Node 10 communicates on road car compartment 38, controls and monitor node 10 on railcar 38.
CMU 32 can use the data collected from multiple nodes 10 to perform advanced data analysis, and can apply and open
Hairdo algorithm is drawn a conclusion to be based on the analysis.Following table includes correspondence to analyze the high-level of the heuritic approach of data
Description and junction sensor 10 type example.
As shown in fig. 6, CMU 32 also transmits data and alarm to remote location, the remote location is either positioned at train
The mobile base station 42 of upper (being typically in locomotive engine) is static, base station 44 based on ground or the two.
Data and/or alarm can be forwarded to mobile base station 42 from the base station 44 based on ground.CMU 32 can be permanent with mobile base station 42
Surely carry out wireless communication or wire communication, mobile base station 42 can via cellular network, via satellite or via any quantity
Other well-known modes communicate with the base station 44 based on ground.
The data collected from node 10 can be sent to base station 44 for analysis and further action.In upper table
The heuritic approach shown can be by mobile base station 42 or the base station based on ground 44 performs.In addition, station 42,44 can utilize
Train range heuritic approach come predict the failure of train range or position train range trend, single CMU 32 may not
It can be done so using the data for being only from single railcar 38.
When detecting warning, will preferably the display being sent in locomotive engine 46 or at the base station based on ground 44 be alerted
Unit.Any typical display unit that will assemble the type of (such as in locomotive engine) in mobile base station 42 can be used.This
Known communication device communicates via satellite with base station 44 in field, and display unit shows to locomotive engine engineer and warns
It accuses.The warning come in can occur over the display, and with energy audible alarm, which must be confirmed and taken by driver
Disappear.Each type of warning with it is based on specific railway network, locomotive engine driver should take when warning occurs
The behavior of recommendation.The action to be taken of locomotive engine driver is changed based on the seriousness of warning.It can also be via e-mail
It sends warning or warning is published to website.
Locomotive engine alert threshold is set as time critical value and would potentially result in excessive parking and delay.Therefore, it selects
Alert message, so that only sending the message that can cause action to locomotive engine 46, it means that usually only to locomotive engine work people
Member sends those Alert Levels that staff is needed to take action.In addition, other than train is needed to stop on train-line,
Some warnings can be handled by being properly positioned operation limitation.It for example, can be with the Alert Level of layering to the behaviour of train
Make setting rate limitation so that train will be allowed to proceed to side line or other appropriate stops, so as to which other vehicles be allowed to exist
Continue on train-line, without abnormal delay or cost.However, low level (rank 1/ still can be monitored at base station 44
Stage 1) warning, to make in relation to the trend event for the imminent problem although not urgent that represents and/or temperature are tired out
That violates determines.
As operation example, the monitoring to wheel bearing is considered.Target is the bearing in monitoring operating, therefore works as railcar
The data that compartment 38 is collected when inoperative are nonsensical to the situation for determining bearing.Information is not provided in order to save power and limit
Temperature information can inhibit data when railcar does not move.Therefore, data be merely stored in CMU 32 and find it is useful
Base station 42,44 is transmitted data to during data.The three kinds of situations that can define " concern " or " useful " data include：
" 1. difference situation " event；
" 2. projecting situation " event；And
" 3. node temperature is abnormal ".
When the difference at any axle both ends is greater than or equal to particular variables, existDifference situationEvent.
When any bearing temperature is more than particular constant than the value reported from ambient temperature node, occurProjecting situation
Event.
When collecting data well although other channels and bearing or surrounding have passed through the corresponding period
When any data channel and unreported effective temperature, occurNode temperature is abnormal.Delay permission system has wrong from possible communication
The chance accidentally restored.Even if complete data set should be had collected and one or more channels are losing data, CMU 32
Also it will continue to collect and preserve the temperature from other bearings.
Record stop before by see all temperature datas converge to around (train has stopped) come confirm data suppression
System.The temperature of diverging shows bearing, and generation is hot again and train has started to move.
The alarm and response of classificationThese are the examples of alarm and the appropriate response of the various ranks based on seriousness：
First stage：" Bearing Temperature Alarm "
Only alarm base station
Recommend for trend and recidivist identifies
Second stage：" alarm of axle difference "：It is any bearing situation of predetermined amount hotter than its axis engaging portion.
Action：Train is made to stop, checks the axle journal of warning bearing.It searches the bearing and just " is leaving " axle, lubricating oil just quilt
Any sign that cleaning or the bearing have been damaged.
Advanced with the maximum speed of scheduled reduction, until receiving second stage at locomotive engine terminal, " alarm is clear
Except " message.
It is normal to advance if receiving second stage " alarm removing " message at locomotive engine terminal.
Phase III：" projecting alarm "：It is when any bearing is in than the temperature of high predetermined amount around.
Action：Train is made to stop, checks the axle journal of warning bearing.It searches the bearing and just " is leaving " axle, lubricating oil just quilt
Any sign that cleaning or the bearing have been damaged.
Advanced with the maximum speed of scheduled reduction, until receiving the phase III at locomotive engine terminal, " alarm is clear
Except " message, it can improve speed in the point.
If alert message is not removed, it can select to shed and change bearing in appropriate anchor point, otherwise need to drop
Low velocity reduces the possibility of arachnoid axle journal or catastrophic bearing fault.
If both second stage and phase III " alarm removing " message is received at locomotive engine terminal, normally
Advance.
Fourth stage：" critical alarm "：This is the absolute system set at scheduled bearing temperature.
Action：Train is made to stop, sheds bearing.
Advanced algorithm：Can the improvement to alarm be carried out based on the statistical model of bearing temperature performance.Lower part is detailed
Thin to describe the improved example analyzed available data, the data analysis is to be in handle/become for degradation about identification
Bearing on " audit listing " of gesture situation.
The algorithm of second level：The algorithm of second level was used when one section day of the railcar before the analysis is close in
When having been moved during the phase, in the temperature data of collection per minute.In for identical bearing following five standard at least
Four it is labeled when, can to user send warning with dispatch be directed to the bearing maintenance.
Standard 1：Peakology：The percentage of bearing temperature value to being more than predetermined value counts.
For each bearing, the quantity of the temperature reading to occurring on predetermined value counts
Mark the bearing of any temperature value more than predetermined value with certain percentage
Standard 2：Projecting analysis：The percentage of the bearing temperature value of projecting value for being more than definition is carried out
It counts
For each bearing, the quantity of temperature reading occurred on the projecting value in definition is counted
Mark the bearing of the temperature value of any threshold value more than the definition with certain percentage
Standard 3：And the analysis of the deviation of lorry average value apart：Calculate the average bearing temperature and and goods of each bearing
The standard deviation of each bearing that the average value of the bearing temperature of the rest part of vehicle is compared
Calculate the mean temperature and lorry average value for each bearing in time range
Calculate each bearing temperature and the standard deviation of lorry average value apart
Mark any bearing with certain standard deviation
Standard 4：And the analysis of the deviation of fleet's average value apart：Calculate average bearing temperature and its remaining part with fleet
The standard deviation of each bearing that the average value of the bearing temperature divided is compared
Calculate the mean temperature and fleet's average value for each bearing in time range
Calculate each bearing temperature and the standard deviation of fleet's average value apart
Mark any bearing with certain standard deviation
Standard 5：Heating change rate analysis：Calculate the percentage of operating time that bearing is rapidly heated
Calculate the linear fit to the moving window of temperature data
The slope of linear fit is counted higher than the quantity of the example in place of certain threshold value
Any bearing having more than a certain amount of operating time is marked, the operating time has the line more than threshold value
Property fit slope
The algorithm of third level：The algorithm of second level is used has moved elder generation before railcar is close in the analysis
In the temperature data of collection per minute when 30 days preceding.When bearing is ordered at least four in five standards
When in highest 5 percent, warning is sent to user to dispatch the maintenance for being directed to the bearing.
Standard 1：Peakology：The percentage of bearing temperature value to being more than predetermined value counts
For each bearing, the quantity of the temperature reading to occurring on predetermined value counts
The bearing is ranked up in the ranking list together with the rest part with fleet
Mark the bearing of the highest percentage in fleet
Standard 2：Projecting analysis：The percentage of the bearing temperature value of projecting value for being more than definition is carried out
It counts
For each bearing, the quantity of temperature reading occurred on the projecting value in definition is counted
Bearing is ranked up in the ranking list together with the rest part with fleet
Mark the bearing of the highest percentage in fleet
Standard 3：And the analysis of the deviation of lorry average value apart：Calculating averagely bearing temperature and each bearing and lorry
The standard deviation that the average value of the bearing temperature of rest part is compared
Calculate the mean temperature and lorry average value for each bearing in time range
Calculate each bearing temperature and the standard deviation of lorry average value apart
Bearing is ranked up in the ranking list together with the rest part with fleet
Mark the bearing of the highest percentage in fleet
Standard 4：And the analysis of the deviation of fleet's average value apart：Calculating averagely bearing temperature and each bearing and fleet
The standard deviation that the average value of the bearing temperature of rest part is compared
Calculate the mean temperature and fleet's average value for each bearing in time range
Calculate each bearing temperature and the standard deviation of fleet's average value apart
Bearing is ranked up in the ranking list together with the rest part with fleet
Mark the bearing of the highest percentage in fleet
Standard 5：Heating change rate analysis：Calculate the percentage of operating time that bearing is rapidly heated
Calculate the linear fit to the moving window of temperature data
The slope of linear fit is counted more than the quantity of the example in place of certain threshold value
Bearing is ranked up in the ranking list together with the rest part with fleet
Mark the bearing of the highest percentage in fleet
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, one or more nodes may be accommodated in replaceable housing,
Or it is built among railcar itself.In one such embodiment, node can be built into United States Patent (USP) 7,
In the form of the similar adapter pad of the type that is shown in 698,962 and 7,688,218, the United States Patent (USP) 7,698,962
With 7, both 688,218 disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, and the disclosure can be modified to for this hair
It is bright to be used together.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described in various exemplary backgrounds, however the present invention is not intended to appoint
Where formula is defined.Recognize there may be many realization sides within the scope of the present invention as those skilled in the art
Formula, as described in the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of for monitoring the sensor device of the temperature on railcar, including：
The housing that can be assemblied on railcar；
Temperature sensor；
Circuit communicates the relevant information of temperature for obtaining and being sensed, the circuit position with the temperature sensor
In in the housing；
Power supply is electrically connected to the circuit, and for providing electric power to the circuit, the power supply is located in the housing；
In the detector being spaced with the housing of the hull outside, and the detector includes the temperature sensor
And magnet, the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the housing via conducting wire so that the temperature sensor can be with the shell
Body is spaced, the magnet be positioned for magnetically attracting the detector by being placed against the railcar
Part；And
Communication device can broadcast the relevant information of temperature with being sensed, and the communication device is located in the housing,
Wherein by the way that the sensor device is made to keep, in standby condition and sensor device described in periodic wakeup, to transmit coming
The information related with the temperature sensed is sent from the reading of the temperature sensor and via the communication device, to manage
State the power consumption of sensor device.
2. sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is in the hull outside, and via line
Cable carries out telecommunication with the circuit.
3. it is a kind of for monitoring and reporting the system of the temperature regime on railcar, including：
The railcar；
As described in the appended claim 1 for monitoring the sensor device of the temperature on railcar, the sensor device assembles
To the railcar, and the temperature sensor of the sensor device is located at the expectation monitored on the railcar
Temperature position at；And
Communications management unit CMU carries out wireless communication to receive the letter from the sensor device with the sensor device
Breath, the CMU has wireless communication device, for the relevant information of temperature broadcasted and be monitored.
4. system according to claim 3, wherein the system can be based on the data collected by the sensor device
To determine alarm condition.
5. system according to claim 4, wherein the sensor device is attached to the bearing adapter of railcar,
With the temperature of monitoring bearing, the temperature sensor and the adapter of the sensor device carry out hot transmission, with sensing
The temperature of the adapter.
6. system according to claim 5, further include be assemblied on the railcar for monitoring ambient temperature
Second sensor device, wherein the system uses the number from the sensor device and the second sensor device
It is used to determine the temperature of the bearing according to this.
7. system according to claim 4, wherein the temperature sensor of the sensor device and the railcar
The part in compartment carries out hot transmission, to sense the temperature of the part of the railcar, the housing quilt of the sensor device
It is assemblied on the railcar, far from the temperature sensor, and the temperature is connected to by the line of the hull outside
Spend sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261661661P | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | |
| US61/661,661 | 2012-06-19 | ||
| US13/842,427 US9365223B2 (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2013-03-15 | System and method for monitoring railcar performance |
| US13/842,427 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| PCT/IB2013/003267 WO2015025188A2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-06-14 | System and method for monitoring railcar performance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105916753A CN105916753A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| CN105916753B true CN105916753B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380032404.2A Active CN105916753B (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-06-14 | For monitoring the system and method for railcar performance |
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| CN (1) | CN105916753B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2013394346B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2884858C (en) |
| MX (1) | MX353089B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2613188C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015025188A2 (en) |
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| US9718486B1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-01 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | System for analyzing health of train |
| CN109715452B (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2021-11-16 | 纳博特斯克有限公司 | Train with movable track |
| EP3703994A1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-09-09 | Konux GmbH | Electronic processing apparatus and method for mounting an electric processing apparatus |
| CN108152060A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-12 | 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of railway vehicle overhaul networking testing equipment and method |
| WO2019180481A1 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-26 | Ecm Spa | A monitoring system for acquiring, processing and transmitting operating data of a bogie and bogie comprising said system |
| US11014586B2 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-05-25 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Method of linking alarm data from physically disassociated wireless sensors to a train in motion |
| CN111332334A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-26 | 宁波国创欣润机电技术有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring system for electric connectors of common passenger express train and motor train unit |
| AU2020254708A1 (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-08-12 | Esteban Bernal | System and method for monitoring a plurality of vehicle or infrastructure components |
| CN110723171A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-24 | 中国人民武装警察部队海警学院 | High-speed rail security system and application |
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- 2013-06-14 CN CN201380032404.2A patent/CN105916753B/en active Active
- 2013-06-14 WO PCT/IB2013/003267 patent/WO2015025188A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX353089B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| WO2015025188A3 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
| AU2013394346B2 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
| AU2013394346A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
| WO2015025188A2 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
| CA2884858C (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| CN105916753A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| RU2613188C2 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
| MX2014015752A (en) | 2015-09-10 |
| RU2015101174A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| CA2884858A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
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