CN105912464B - A kind of unit test method and device - Google Patents
A kind of unit test method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105912464B CN105912464B CN201610207623.5A CN201610207623A CN105912464B CN 105912464 B CN105912464 B CN 105912464B CN 201610207623 A CN201610207623 A CN 201610207623A CN 105912464 B CN105912464 B CN 105912464B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of unit test methods, including obtain each sub-project development plan table in whole project, and normalization project table is generated according to pre-determined model；According to above-mentioned normalization project table, the unit for meeting preassigned is identified；The unit testing environment is generated according to pre-defined rule, completes test.The embodiment of the present invention can improve unit testing efficiency, reduce the cost of unit testing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to software testing technologies, especially propose a kind of unit test method and device.
Background technology
Unit testing is necessary link in large program exploitation, is surveyed to each component units of global procedures
Examination, to detect whether each unit correctly realizes its scheduled function.Unit testing at present is mainly real according to each unit
Existing function, test case is write for unit under test and the method for building test environment is realized.The problem of this method maximum exists
In test code operation amount is big, each unit will individually write a large amount of test case and build test environment, expends big
The manpower of amount and time.Particularly with large software, the workload for testing code is even more than the size of code of function code, and
The time for building test environment accounts for the 40% even more of entire development time.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is technical problems to be solved, provides a kind of unit test method
And device, the overall efficiency of unit testing is effectively raised, the workload for writing test code is reduced, saves unit survey
The time of examination.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of unit test method, includes the following steps：
Obtain each sub-project information table in whole project；
Normalization Project Information Table is generated according to each sub-project information table in the whole project；
According to the normalization Project Information Table, the unit for meeting preassigned is identified；
By pre-defined rule generate described in meet preassigned unit test environment；
The test environment is called, the unit testing of the unit of preassigned is met described in completion.
The normalization Project Information Table includes the normalization project information of each sub-project, wherein each sub-project is returned
One change project information includes project process session information, logic upstream unit information, logic downstream unit information, project process
The time point information in each stage in stage.
The project process stage includes newly-built stage, demand stage, waiting stage, development phase, test phase and
It reaches the standard grade the stage.
The normalization Project Information Table is supported iterative developing or waterfall type exploitation or iterative is mixed out with waterfall type
The sub-project information table of hair.
The unit for meeting preassigned refers in normalizing Project Information Table, in the logic function of the unit
It is completed before downstream units test phase time started expected from the unit in upstream units and logic function respectively
The unit testing of unit.
It is described to generate test environment by pre-defined rule, including execute following steps：
According to the normalization project information of the unit for meeting preassigned, the upstream units in its logic function are read
And downstream units code；
According to the upstream units of the reading and downstream units code, respective test module connection code is generated；
The upstream units and its exciting test block code, generation unit is called to encourage module；
Call the downstream units and its result detection module code, generation unit result detection module；
Code, element excitation module, unit result detection module generation unit test wrapper are connected according to the test module
Border.
A kind of unit testing device, which is characterized in that including：
Retrieval unit, for obtaining each sub-project development plan table in whole project；
Project table generation unit, for generating above-mentioned normalization project table；
Detection unit goes out to meet the unit of preassigned for identification；
Test environment generation unit, for generating said units test environment；
Test execution unit completes unit testing for calling the test environment.
The test environment generation unit further includes, and tests code generating unit, for according to above-mentioned selected upstream and
Downstream units generate interface code.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, by borrowing the upstream for the unit for meeting preassigned and the test environment of downstream units, unit is effectively reduced
The workload that test environment is built.
2, by using normalization project table, while waterfall type software development and iterative software development model being supported,
The unit discrimination for meeting preassigned is improved, the workload of unit testing environmental structure is effectively reduced.
3, by testing code reuse, testing efficiency is effectively increased.
Above description is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention can
It is clearer and more comprehensible, it is special below to lift preferred embodiment, and coordinate attached drawing, detailed description are as follows.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of general cell test environment.
Fig. 2 is to build test environment schematic diagram using upstream and downstream unit.
Fig. 3 is unit test method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the exploitation of waterfall type of the embodiment of the present invention is aligned principle with iterative developing as schemed.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of generation unit test environment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is unit testing environmental structure figure.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of unit testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Detailed description of the present invention specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In general large-scale software development project, whole software can be divided into several function modules, Mei Gegong according to function
Energy module can be divided into several unit modules according to the function to be completed again.Usually the unit testing is aiming at these
The test of unit module.Whole software can be completed by multiple project team joint developments, and development progress differs between different units
It causes, the rear completion that some is first completed.So there are certain software units, these units carry out after its code development
Before unit testing, the upstream and downstream unit in logic function, which has been developed, finishes and completes respective unit testing.At this time may be used
With using in the cellular logic upstream and downstream unit and its test environment build and be suitble to the unit testing environment of the unit, from
And the workload of unit testing environmental structure is reduced, improve unit testing efficiency.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of general cell test environment, and wherein excited modes root tuber generates excited data hair according to test case
Give unit under test；As a result the correctness of the result of detection module detection unit under test output.It is tested that exciting unit simulates this
The all possible input data situation of unit；Detection module detection is tested single in the excitation various input datas of module
Whether the output data of member meets the output data in it is expected, to judge whether tested module has design mistake.
Fig. 2 is to build test environment schematic diagram using upstream and downstream unit, complete by the test environment for borrowing upstream and downstream unit
At building for unit testing environment.
Fig. 3 is unit test method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.The flow originates in step 301.Then in step 302
Obtain each sub-project information table in whole project.Sub-project information table is related to the development scheme of project, the exploitation of general data
Mode is divided into two kinds of waterfall type software development mode and iterative software development mode.Disparity items selects to close according to respective demand
The development scheme of oneself is fitted to work, wherein waterfall type development scheme is more iterative relatively sharp on time schedule node,
So generally selecting on the basis of waterfall type development scheme, converting iterative developing mode to by certain technological means has
With the time schedule node as waterfall type development scheme normalization table is realized to the development plan of unified whole project
Record project status.
Normalization Project Information Table is generated in step 303, brief description is done to normalization Project Information Table at this, is generated
Normalization table is the development scheme because different, and project development pattern is different, and time planning mode is also different, is opened in different
Under hair pattern, it is difficult to unified clear functional requirement and the development progress of each function module, so needing through unified normalization
Table realizes item-function and progress record under different mode exploitation.Concrete example illustrates how waterfall type developing mould below
The development progress of formula and iterative developing pattern is unified by normalizing table, and citing herein, which only describes, realizes normalization table
A kind of implementation method of lattice does not form other methods and limits.A kind of stage iterative project is introduced herein to waterfall
The stage of the method for formula project stage snap, waterfall type project mainly has：Newly-built stage, demand stage, waiting stage, exploitation rank
Section, has been reached the standard grade the stage at test phase；In order to be aligned, the demand of iterative developing is also provided with newly-built stage, demand stage, row
Stage phase, test phase, has reached the standard grade these stages in stage at the development phase, their alignment relation is as shown in Figure 4.By upper
The method for being segmented iterative developing is stated, iterative developing is developed with waterfall type on the project stage and is aligned.Normalize table
According to each sub-project stage of alignment, the state of each unit, the logical relation of progress and peripheral unit and arrangement of time are recorded
Plan, generates the table.
The unit for meeting preassigned is identified in step 304.The preassigned refers to meeting preset structure
The standard of test environment, i.e., described to meet the unit of preassigned refer to the logic of the unit in normalizing Project Information Table
Downstream units in upstream units and logic function functionally complete the separate unit testing time in unit entrance
Before the timing node of test phase.
In step 305 according to the above-mentioned unit identified, the unit testing environment is generated, completes test.
Flow ends at step 306.
Fig. 5 is shown in step 305 according to the flow chart of pre-defined rule generation unit test environment.The flow originates in step
501.Then in step 502 according to the normalization project information of the unit for meeting preassigned, reading meets preassigned
Unit logic function on upstream units and downstream units code.In step 503, upstream and the downstream units of reading are scanned
Code, read module input/output interface define partial content, generate test module and connect code.It is called in step 504 described
Upstream units and its exciting test block code generate the element excitation module of unit under test.The downstream is called in step 505
Unit and its result detection module code, generation unit result detection module；Mould is connected according to the test module in step 506
Block, element excitation module, unit result detection module generation unit test environment.Step 507 terminates.
Fig. 6 is unit testing environmental structure figure described in Fig. 5, the upstream units of unit under test and its exciting test module generation
Code, generates the element excitation module of unit under test.The downstream units and its result detection module of unit under test, generation unit result
Detection module.Test module link block connects unit under test and element excitation module and result detection module, generates
Test environment.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of unit testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Including retrieval unit 701,
Project table generation unit 702, detection unit 703, test environment generation unit 704, test execution unit 705.
Wherein, retrieval unit, for obtaining each sub-project development plan table in whole project；Project table generation unit,
For generating above-mentioned normalization project table；Detection unit goes out to meet the unit of preassigned for identification；Test environment generates
Unit, for generating said units test environment；Test execution unit completes unit testing for calling the test environment.
The test environment generation unit further includes, and tests code generating unit, for according to above-mentioned selected upstream and
Downstream units generate interface code.
Further, above-mentioned interface code can automatically be write by test code generating unit.Specifically, foot can be passed through
This program scanning upstream and downstream module read it and are defined about input and output, and automatically generate to have by script and input, is defeated
Go out the encirclement module of definition.
Further, automatically generating for test environment can also be realized by test environment generation unit.For in selection
Upstream and the downstream units for stating unit to be tested according to the interface code of above-mentioned generation, and call existing test code, generate
Unit testing environment.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should manage
Solution, these are merely examples, and many changes and modifications may be made, without departing from the principle of the present invention
And essence.The scope of the present invention is only by the claims limited.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of unit test method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Obtain each sub-project information table in whole project；
Normalization Project Information Table is generated according to each sub-project information table in the whole project；
According to the normalization Project Information Table, the unit for meeting preassigned is identified；
By pre-defined rule generate described in meet preassigned unit test environment；
The test environment is called, the unit testing of the unit of preassigned is met described in completion；
It is described to generate test environment by pre-defined rule, further include executing following steps：
According to the normalization project information of the unit for meeting preassigned, the logic work(for the unit for meeting preassigned is read
Upstream units on energy and downstream units code；
According to the upstream units of the reading and downstream units code, generates test module and connect code；
The upstream units and its exciting test block code, generation unit is called to encourage module；
Call the downstream units and its result detection module code, generation unit result detection module；
Code, element excitation module, unit result detection module generation unit test environment are connected according to the test module.
2. unit test method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The normalization Project Information Table includes each subitem
Purpose normalizes project information, wherein the normalization project information of each sub-project includes project process session information, logic
Upstream units information, logic downstream unit information, in the project process stage each stage time point information.
3. unit test method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The project process stage includes the newly-built stage, needs
It asks stage, waiting stage, development phase, test phase and has reached the standard grade the stage.
4. unit test method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The normalization Project Information Table is supported iterative
Exploitation or waterfall type exploitation or iterative and waterfall type mixed developing sub-project information table.
5. unit test method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The unit for meeting preassigned refers to returning
One changes in Project Information Table, and the time that respective unit testing is completed in upstream and downstream units in the logic function of the unit is early
In the unit testing time point of the unit.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103970648A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 百度国际科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test method and system of installation package |
| CN104618955A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-13 | 上海华东电信研究院 | Mobile communication terminal consistency test item set generating method and system |
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| GB0206761D0 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2002-05-01 | Object Media Ltd | Software testing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103970648A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 百度国际科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test method and system of installation package |
| CN104618955A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-13 | 上海华东电信研究院 | Mobile communication terminal consistency test item set generating method and system |
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