CN105910908A - Device and measuring method for measuring direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock - Google Patents
Device and measuring method for measuring direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN105910908A CN105910908A CN201610525360.2A CN201610525360A CN105910908A CN 105910908 A CN105910908 A CN 105910908A CN 201610525360 A CN201610525360 A CN 201610525360A CN 105910908 A CN105910908 A CN 105910908A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0429—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using adhesive bond; Gluing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring a direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock. The device comprises a strain gage, a resistance strain gauge, a computer, an upper pull rod component and a lower pull rod component which are same in structure, wherein the upper pull rod component comprises a ball hinge pull rod, an upper connecting base, a lower connecting base and a clamping sleeve; a mounting hole is formed at the center of the upper connecting base; the ball hinge pull rod is inserted into the mounting hole; the clamping sleeve is in threaded connection with the interior of the threaded hole of the lower connecting base through a connecting pillar; a rock sample is arranged between the clamping sleeves of the upper pull rod component and the lower pull rod component; the strain gage is arranged on the surface of the rock sample. The device applies the stretching load to the ball hinge pull rod so as to perform direct stretching test on the rock sample; the eccentric loading when the rock sample is pulled can be effectively avoided; the operation is simple and convenient; the rock sample is conveniently detached; the loading deforming condition of the rock sample can be directly measured through the strain gage; the measurement is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock tension test technical field, particularly relate to a kind of rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter of measuring
Device and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Rock is heterogeneous material, internal containing the defect such as microfissure, hole so that the tensile strength of rock is far below it
Comprcssive strength, therefore rock can not bear tension.Tensile failure is engineering rock mass and the main damage form of nature rock mass
One of, losing efficacy of engineering rock mass is often start from a part of rock tensile failure, and underground engineering wall rock body is in three-dimensional more should
Power state, after engineering excavation off-load, may produce two to pressurized one in some directions to the stress state of tension in country rock body,
So that the strength characteristic that study of rocks is under tensile stress state.
The interior research to rock material of laboratory at present mostly is the experimental study under compressive state, and under extended state
Experimental study relatively fewer.Mostly the method measuring Tensile Strength of Rock, be to use Brazilian disc splitting, bend tension and water
The method of the stretching indirectly such as pressure fracturing.Different its principles of Indirect Tensile Tests method is different, and its result of the test is the most not to the utmost
Identical, and test and there is bigger error between the tensile strength values and the actual value that draw.Base such as Brazil disk split test
Present principles assumes that the fragility body that rock sample is homogenizing, isotropism and linear elasticity.For the non-brittle rock that plasticity is bigger,
There is bigger error in the result of the test using the method gained.
The direct tensile test method using rock surveys its hot strength, and the experimental condition of the method requires higher and real
Executing difficulty, therefore the tensile strength of rock is difficult to record, therefore under the experimental study that rock is in a stretched state and compressive state
Experimental study is the most on the low side.Part uses the method that special rock sample and fixture carry out tension test, owing to rock sample is difficult to
And keep fixture pulling force to overlap extremely difficult with rock sample axial line, bias-load easily occurs, cause test effect the best.Mesh
Before, direct uniaxial tensile test difficulty is relatively big, is difficult to carry out, and the method for various indirect determination, relatively simple easy, but
Bigger error can be caused.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve weak point of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter measured
Device and measuring method thereof, it is possible to rock sample is carried out direct tensile test, bias when being prevented effectively from rock sample tension
Load, easy and simple to handle, be easy to dismount rock sample, can directly measure rock sample stand under load deformation, survey by foil gauge
Amount is accurately.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of rocks in direct tension mechanics of measuring is joined
The device of number, the upper connecting rod assembly identical including foil gauge, resistance strain gauge, computer and two groups of structures and lower link group
Part, upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly layout symmetrical above and below；Upper connecting rod assembly includes ball pivot pull bar, upper connecting base, lower connection
Seat and gripping sleeve, ball pivot pull bar includes connecting rod and is fixedly connected on the union joint of connecting rod lower end, and union joint is hemispherical configuration；On
Connect seat and lower connecting base structure the most in disk form, connected by connecting bolt between upper connecting base and lower connecting base, upper connection
Seat center offers installing hole, and the diameter at installing hole place suitable for reading is identical with the diameter of connecting rod, the diameter at installing hole end opening and company
The diameter of joint is identical, and installing hole top is set to the hemispherical dome structure corresponding with union joint, and union joint is located in installing hole,
Connecting rod protrudes upward upper connecting base through installing hole, and lower connecting base center offers screwed hole；Gripping sleeve upper surface center is fixed
Connect the connection post having in cylindrical, connect column outer wall be provided with screw thread and be threaded in lower connecting base screwed hole in, folder
Tight set lower surface offers the groove of cylinder；The rock of cylinder it is provided with between the gripping sleeve of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly
Stone sample, the both ends up and down of rock sample are embedded respectively in the groove of two gripping sleeves；Foil gauge is arranged on rock sample
Surface, foil gauge is connected with the data input pin of resistance strain gauge by data wire, and the data output end of resistance strain gauge passes through
Data wire is connected with computer.
The length direction of foil gauge is along the axially and transversely layout on rock sample surface, and rock sample surface is the most uniform
Arranging four vertical foil gauges, rock sample surface is transversely arranged symmetrically with two transverse strain sheets.
The union joint outer wall of ball pivot pull bar and the contact position of installing hole inwall are added with lubricating oil.
Rock sample both ends of the surface use seccotine bonding with the groove floor junction of two gripping sleeves.
The measuring method of a kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter, comprises the following steps:
(1) specify according to rock mechanics experiment code, prepare the rock sample of different materials attribute, shape, quantity；
(2) choose one piece of rock sample, back out upper connecting rod assembly and the gripping sleeve of lower link assembly, upper and lower by this rock sample
Both ends of the surface are bonded in by seccotine in the groove of two gripping sleeves respectively；
(3) foil gauge is axially and transversely fixed on rock sample along rock sample surface respectively；
(4) rock sample and gripping sleeve are threaded in two lower connecting bases by the post correspondence that connects on two gripping sleeves
In screwed hole, the connecting rod of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly is fixed on rock mechanics universal testing machine；
(5) start computer and resistance strain gauge, then start rock mechanics universal testing machine, ball pivot pull bar is applied stretching and carries
Lotus, thus rock sample is carried out direct tensile test, resistance strain gauge is axial when recording rock sample tension by foil gauge
With laterally flexible situation, and it is transferred to computer, data measured under computer recording；
(6) close resistance strain gauge, remove the rock sample in test；
(7) (2) more than-(6) step is a rock sample piece direct tensile test, repeats (2)-(6) step, carries out repeatedly rock
Sample piece direct tensile test；
(8) analyze gained test data, thus measure rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter.
Use technique scheme, there is advantages that
1, ball pivot pull bar is used so that when ball pivot pull bar is applied tensile load, the union joint of ball pivot pull bar can be in upper connection
The installing hole intrinsic deflection of seat and rotation, effectively prevent during direct tensile test owing to bias-load causes stand under load rock to try
Sample eccentric tension, affects result of the test, and the union joint of ball pivot pull bar is added with lubricating oil with the contact position of installing hole inwall so that
The union joint deflection of ball pivot pull bar and rotation are sensitiveer, thus realize the axial tension of rock sample.
2, the two ends up and down of rock sample are embedded respectively in the groove of two gripping sleeves, and junction uses seccotine
Bonding, gripping sleeve is connected in the screwed hole of lower connecting base by connecting male screw so that easy accessibility, can realize organizing rock more
Sample be loaded directly into tension test, substantially increase work efficiency, save the time.
3, rock sample surface is evenly arranged four vertical foil gauges vertically, and rock sample surface is transversely arranged symmetrically with
Two transverse strain sheets, record rock sample deformation during direct tensile test axially and transversely by resistance strain gauge
Situation, and it is transferred to computer, data measured under computer recording, use said apparatus can obtain more intuitively directly
Connect the rock mechanics parameters under stretching condition, easy and simple to handle, measure precisely, thus provide into one for study of rocks mechanical characteristic
The technical support of step, has great practical significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ball pivot pull bar in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the top view of upper connecting base in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the upward view of upper connecting base in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of gripping sleeve in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As Figure 1-5, a kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter of the present invention, including foil gauge 9, electricity
Upper connecting rod assembly that resistance deformeter 11, computer 12 and two groups of structures are identical and lower link assembly, upper connecting rod assembly and drop-down
Bar assembly layout symmetrical above and below；Upper connecting rod assembly includes ball pivot pull bar, upper connecting base 1, lower connecting base 2 and gripping sleeve 3, and ball pivot draws
Bar includes connecting rod 4 and is fixedly connected on the union joint 5 of connecting rod 4 lower end, and union joint 5 is in hemispherical configuration；Upper connecting base 1 and lower company
Joint chair 2 structure the most in disk form, is connected by connecting bolt 6 between upper connecting base 1 and lower connecting base 2, and upper connecting base 1 center is opened
Being provided with installing hole 7, the diameter at installing hole 7 place suitable for reading is identical with the diameter of connecting rod 4, the diameter at installing hole 7 end opening and union joint 5
Diameter identical, installing hole 7 top is set to the hemispherical dome structure corresponding with union joint 5, and union joint 5 is located in installing hole 7,
Connecting rod 4 protrudes upward upper connecting base 1 through installing hole 7, and lower connecting base 2 center offers screwed hole；Gripping sleeve 3 upper surface center
It is fixedly connected with in cylindrical connection post 8, connects post 8 outer wall and be provided with screw thread and be threaded in the screw thread of lower connecting base 2
In hole, gripping sleeve 3 lower surface offers the groove of cylinder；It is provided with between the gripping sleeve 3 of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly
Cylindrical rock sample 13, the both ends up and down of rock sample 13 are embedded respectively in the groove of two gripping sleeves 3；Foil gauge
9 are arranged on rock sample 13 surface, and foil gauge 9 is connected with the data input pin of resistance strain gauge 11 by data wire 10, resistance
The data output end of deformeter 11 is connected with computer 12 by data wire 10.Lower link assembly in the present invention and upper connecting rod group
Part structure is identical and layout symmetrical above and below, and lower link assembly is the most no longer described in detail.
The length direction of foil gauge 9 is along the axially and transversely layout on rock sample 13 surface, and rock sample 13 surface is along axle
To being evenly arranged four vertical foil gauges, rock sample 13 surface is transversely arranged symmetrically with two transverse strain sheets.
Union joint 5 outer wall of ball pivot pull bar and the contact position of installing hole 7 inwall are added with lubricating oil.
Rock sample 13 both ends of the surface use seccotine bonding with the groove floor junction of two gripping sleeves 3.
The measuring method of a kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter, comprises the following steps:
(1) specify according to rock mechanics experiment code, prepare the rock sample 13 of different materials attribute, shape, quantity；Prepared
Rock sample 13 be all a diameter of 50mm, height be the standard cylinder rock sample of 100mm；
(2) choose one piece of rock sample 13, back out the gripping sleeve 3 of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly, by this rock sample 13
Both ends of the surface up and down be bonded in by seccotine respectively in the groove of two gripping sleeves 3；Rock sample about 13 two ends are the most embedding
If entering inside grooves 1mm of two gripping sleeves 3；
(3) foil gauge 9 is axially and transversely fixed on rock sample 13 along rock sample 13 surface respectively；
(4) rock sample 13 and gripping sleeve 3 are threaded under two by connection post 8 correspondence on two gripping sleeves 3 connect
In the screwed hole of joint chair 2, the connecting rod of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly is fixed on rock mechanics universal testing machine；
(5) start computer 12 and resistance strain gauge 11, then start rock mechanics universal testing machine, apply to draw to ball pivot pull bar
Stretching load, thus rock sample 13 carries out direct tensile test, resistance strain gauge 11 records rock sample 13 by foil gauge 9
Deformation axially and transversely during tension, and it is transferred to computer 12, measured data recorded by computer 12；
(6) close resistance strain gauge 11, remove the rock sample 13 in test；
(7) (2) more than-(6) step is the direct tensile test of a rock sample 13, repeats (2)-(6) step, carries out repeatedly rock
Stone sample 13 direct tensile test；
(8) analyze gained test data, thus measure rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter.
The shape of the present invention, material, structure etc. are not made any pro forma restriction by the present embodiment, every according to this
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification that above example is made by bright technical spirit, belongs to the technology of the present invention side
The protection domain of case.
Claims (5)
1. the device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter, it is characterised in that: include foil gauge, resistance strain gauge, meter
Calculation machine and the identical upper connecting rod assembly of two groups of structures and lower link assembly, upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly cloth symmetrical above and below
Put；Upper connecting rod assembly includes that ball pivot pull bar, upper connecting base, lower connecting base and gripping sleeve, ball pivot pull bar include connecting rod and the company of fixing
Being connected on the union joint of connecting rod lower end, union joint is hemispherical configuration；Upper connecting base and lower connecting base structure the most in disk form, upper company
Being connected by connecting bolt between joint chair and lower connecting base, upper connecting base center offers installing hole, installing hole place suitable for reading straight
Footpath is identical with the diameter of connecting rod, and the diameter at installing hole end opening is identical with the diameter of union joint, and installing hole top is set to and connects
The hemispherical dome structure that joint is corresponding, union joint is located in installing hole, and connecting rod protrudes upward upper connecting base, lower company through installing hole
Joint chair center offers screwed hole；Gripping sleeve upper surface center is fixedly connected with in cylindrical connection post, connects on column outer wall
In being provided with screw thread and being threaded in the screwed hole of lower connecting base, gripping sleeve lower surface offers the groove of cylinder；Upper connecting rod
Being provided with the rock sample of cylinder between the gripping sleeve of assembly and lower link assembly, the both ends up and down of rock sample are embedded respectively
In the groove of two gripping sleeves；Foil gauge is arranged on rock sample surface, and foil gauge is by data wire and resistance strain gauge
Data input pin connects, and the data output end of resistance strain gauge is connected with computer by data wire.
A kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: foil gauge
Length direction along the axially and transversely layout on rock sample surface, rock sample surface is evenly arranged four vertically and vertically should
Becoming sheet, rock sample surface is transversely arranged symmetrically with two transverse strain sheets.
A kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: ball pivot draws
The union joint outer wall of bar and the contact position of installing hole inwall are added with lubricating oil.
A kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: rock tries
Sample both ends of the surface use seccotine bonding with the groove floor junction of two gripping sleeves.
5. the measuring method of the employing a kind of device measuring rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter described in claim 4, its feature
It is: comprise the following steps:
(1) specify according to rock mechanics experiment code, prepare the rock sample of different materials attribute, shape, quantity；
(2) choose one piece of rock sample, back out upper connecting rod assembly and the gripping sleeve of lower link assembly, upper and lower by this rock sample
Both ends of the surface are bonded in by seccotine in the groove of two gripping sleeves respectively；
(3) foil gauge is axially and transversely fixed on rock sample along rock sample surface respectively；
(4) rock sample and gripping sleeve are threaded in two lower connecting bases by the post correspondence that connects on two gripping sleeves
In screwed hole, the connecting rod of upper connecting rod assembly and lower link assembly is fixed on rock mechanics universal testing machine；
(5) start computer and resistance strain gauge, then start rock mechanics universal testing machine, ball pivot pull bar is applied stretching and carries
Lotus, thus rock sample is carried out direct tensile test, resistance strain gauge is axial when recording rock sample tension by foil gauge
With laterally flexible situation, and it is transferred to computer, data measured under computer recording；
(6) close resistance strain gauge, remove the rock sample in test；
(7) (2) more than-(6) step is a rock sample piece direct tensile test, repeats (2)-(6) step, carries out repeatedly rock
Sample piece direct tensile test；
(8) analyze gained test data, thus measure rocks in direct tension mechanics parameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610525360.2A CN105910908A (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | Device and measuring method for measuring direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610525360.2A CN105910908A (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | Device and measuring method for measuring direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock |
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| CN105910908A true CN105910908A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN201610525360.2A Pending CN105910908A (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | Device and measuring method for measuring direct stretching mechanical parameter of rock |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106248478A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2016-12-21 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of calibration test machine Loading coaxality |
| CN106442115A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Rock joint ultrasonic experimental apparatus under complex stress and control system thereof |
| CN106546487A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-29 | 河海大学 | Avoid the concrete material direct tensile test device and test method of eccentric tension |
| CN106706427A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental apparatus for testing tensile strength of rock and experimental method thereof |
| CN110031311A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | The method of rapid survey rock tensile mechanical properties |
| CN110196225A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-03 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of rock and gunite concrete contact surface adhesion strength test device and test method |
| CN111707541A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 扬州大学 | Concrete uniaxial tension holding load and testing device and using method thereof |
| CN111707609A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-25 | 南京科工煤炭科学技术研究有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for tangential bonding strength of thin spray lining layer |
| CN112014243A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-01 | 贵州大学 | Tensile-shear test device and method for joint-containing columnar rock |
| CN113340263A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Displacement monitoring device and displacement monitoring method |
| CN114965025A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test fixture for nondestructive compression test of double-layer hollow thin plate |
| CN115326574A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-11 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Direct tensile experimental apparatus of rock under triaxial loading |
| CN115824811A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-21 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Brazilian splitting-based brittle material stretching dynamic full-curve testing device and method |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106442115A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Rock joint ultrasonic experimental apparatus under complex stress and control system thereof |
| CN106442115B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2024-02-13 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Ultrasonic experimental device for rock joint under complex stress and control system thereof |
| CN106248478A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2016-12-21 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of calibration test machine Loading coaxality |
| CN106546487A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-29 | 河海大学 | Avoid the concrete material direct tensile test device and test method of eccentric tension |
| CN106706427A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental apparatus for testing tensile strength of rock and experimental method thereof |
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