CN105909304A - Self-propelling type tunnel construction life-saving system - Google Patents
Self-propelling type tunnel construction life-saving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105909304A CN105909304A CN201610367010.8A CN201610367010A CN105909304A CN 105909304 A CN105909304 A CN 105909304A CN 201610367010 A CN201610367010 A CN 201610367010A CN 105909304 A CN105909304 A CN 105909304A
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- air
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- nacelle
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
- B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
- E05C9/06—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars
- E05C9/063—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars extending along three or more sides of the wing or frame
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/36—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement with a single vertical axis of rotation at one side of the opening, or swinging through the opening
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7046—Door leaves with provisions for locks, hinges or other fittings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7049—Specific panel characteristics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the relevant field of tunnel construction rescue support equipment, and discloses a self-propelling type tunnel construction life-saving system. The system comprises a cabin arranged behind a tunnel face, crawler belt moving units arranged at the bottom of the cabin, multiple door structures arranged on the front and rear ends and the left and right sides of the cabin, and a plurality of functional assemblies arranged in the cabin and used for air and oxygen supplying, air purifying, environment monitoring, communication, power supplying, survival guarantee and the like. In addition, the arrangement modes of the crawler belt moving units, the cabin and the door structures and specific composition structures of the key functional units are improved in an emphasized mode. By means of the system, compared with existing equipment, escaping and rescue efficiency can be obviously improved while the structural strength of the life-saving cabin is further ensured and improved, and therefore the system is suitable for various tunnel construction application occasions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to constructing tunnel escape field, more particularly, to a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system.
Background technology
Along with China's transport development is flourish, increasing Tunnel Engineering safety problem comes across in the poor stratas such as weak surrounding rock.In Modelling of Tunnel Excavation in Soft Rock, owing to features as poor geologic condition, earth's surface earthing are shallow or wear the unfavorable factors such as (building) structures under tunnel, construction easily deforms and the disaster such as landslide.Modelling of Tunnel Excavation in Soft Rock Frequent Accidents in recent years, causes equipment, personal casualty loss heavy, and social influence is very big.
Post survey finds, the landslide more than 70% occurs at tunnel tunnel face rear certain distance, and after landslide occurs, face workmen " is closed the door ", if landslide scope involves to face or rescues not in time, easily causes trapped personnel wrecked.Therefore, face workmen is safely the key issue that subsurface excavation method builds that Support System in Soft Rock Tunnels one needs to solve to use which kind of equipment to guarantee.
At present, prior art occurs in that some research approaches about tunnel survival capsule, such as, CN 201510492065.7 discloses a kind of mobile tunnel survival capsule, it includes nacelle and track rail assembly, this survival capsule energy movement safe and stable, multi-direction, after timely monitor calamity, tunnel active Mobile life-saving capsule are to safety zone；And for example, CN 201510166924.3 discloses a kind of tunnel escape capsule structure, it includes nacelle, hatch door and emergency exits it are hinged with in nacelle, connect bottom nacelle and have crawler belt, being provided with ventilating system, oxygen system, air cleaning system, environmental monitoring system, communication system and living guarantee system in nacelle, it can be that survival personnel provide Waiting space after accident occurs, and reduces personnel's injury.
But, further investigations have shown that, it is mainly the dead load after shock loading and landslide in view of load suffered by escape capsule body during landslide, therefore, in order to ensure the safety of trapped personnel in survival capsule, structure and intensity, travelling performance etc. for escape capsule body self have higher requirement, and are necessary the key design of being proposed for property；Additionally, sue and labour in time for the ease of rescue personnel outside tunnel after Ta Fang, also the position of capsule door of escape capsule must be positioned accurately and effectively；On the other hand, in order to preferably meet the complicated demand of all kinds of application occasion, the concrete structure and the integrally disposed mode thereof that there is a need to functional unit multiple to survival capsule inside are made and further being improved and perfect.Correspondingly, above-mentioned prior art does not all provide adequate solution scheme for above-mentioned technical problem, it is necessary to makes further research and improves.
Summary of the invention
Disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement for prior art, the invention provides a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system, wherein by and the overall construction intensity of survival capsule is designed, hatch door and the structure of mobile parts and function thereof, and the many aspects such as the configuration mode of more internal key function assemblies are studied and have been improved, corresponding compared with prior art can obtain meet requirement of strength, mobile steadily and the more sophisticated survival capsule of function, the refuge of one safety is provided to trapped personnel, plays effective cushioning effect to rescue time.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system, it is characterized in that, this life saving system includes the nacelle being positioned over tunnel tunnel face rear, described nacelle entirety is the body structure of circular arc in top, its disposed outside has outer hull plate, and reinforcement is arranged in its internal chiasma；
The bottom of described nacelle is provided with crawler belt mobile unit, this crawler belt mobile unit includes the main body frame the most affixed by two longitudinal carriers and multiple crossbeam, and the two longitudinal carrier includes the first longitudinal carrier and the second longitudinal carrier arranged each along the long axis direction of survival capsule, wherein for the first longitudinal carrier, its front end is provided with the first driving wheel and supporting first and drives motor and the first decelerator, its rear end is provided with the first torr sprocket wheel, first crawler belt is set between described first driving wheel and the first torr sprocket wheel, thus under the described first effect driving motor, independently realize shuttling movement；For the second longitudinal carrier, its rear end is provided with the second driving driving wheel and supporting second and drives motor and the second decelerator, its front end is provided with the second torr sprocket wheel, second crawler belt is set between described second driving wheel and the second torr sprocket wheel equally, thus independently realizes shuttling movement under the described second effect driving motor；Described crossbeam is the most in parallel with each other across being arranged between said two longitudinal carrier, and is removably attachable on the downside of escape capsule body；
The front and rear end of described nacelle is respectively arranged with front door and rear door, and arranged on left and right sides face is respectively arranged with emergency exits；Described front door, rear door, emergency exits are both designed as outward opening structure, and rear door is mounted by means of bolts on the inside of survival capsule, are additionally provided with the alignment sensor for it performs location positioning on this rear door simultaneously；
The inside of described nacelle is divided into personnel area and equipment region, and wherein personnel area is arranged on the front side within nacelle and stage casing, and equipped with supplying seat and the Excreta processing unit of hedging librarian use；Equipment region is arranged on the rear side within nacelle, and integrated it is provided with air feed unit, oxygen supply unit, air cleaning member and power supply unit, wherein air feed unit, oxygen supply unit and air cleaning member collaborative work, being 0.1MPa～0.3MPa for providing for wind pressure for survival capsule inside, wind supply quantity is not less than 0.3m per capita3The air of/min, and pressure is the oxygen that 0.1MPa～0.2Mpa, per capita oxygen-supplying amount are not less than 0.5L/min, and make air in survival capsule without dust and toxic component and CO2Concentration is less than 1.0%；Additionally, said supply unit is collectively constituted by external ac power source and internal dc source, and the switchably power supply of all electrical equipments in survival capsule.
As it is further preferred that for described first, second crawler belt, its side substantially forming chain sheet is irregular convex-concave structure, thus while increasing contact area, also hollow and fluctuating road conditions with tunnel road surface adapt；Described first drives motor and the first decelerator, the second driving motor and the second decelerator all to use horizontal type to arrange, and accommodates the bottom surface being in described nacelle.
As further preferably, described reinforcement preferably employs following manner and arranges: before and after described nacelle inside, end face arranges that many angle steel are as reinforcement in the way of horizontal and vertical, arrange that many band steels are as reinforcement at the left and right side horizontal homogeneous within described nacelle, it is evenly arranged many band steels as reinforcement along nacelle length direction in the bottom surface within described nacelle, it is evenly arranged many T-steels as reinforcement along nacelle length direction at the end face within described nacelle, longitudinal direction within nacelle is additionally provided with multi-turn T-steel as reinforcement, this multi-turn T-steel is uniformly distributed along the length direction of described nacelle.
As further preferably, the most integrated in the equipment region of described nacelle it is provided with environmental monitoring unit and communication unit, wherein this environmental monitoring unit include the oxygen sensor for oxygen content in survival capsule being performed in real time detection, for the carbon dioxide sensor that carbon dioxide content in survival capsule is performed detection in real time, and temperature and the Hygrothermograph of humidity in detection survival capsule in real time；This communication unit is collectively constituted by cable video communication module and wireless video communication module, and coordinates for performing the video calling inside and outside survival capsule.
As further preferably, for described air feed unit, it includes Sound Attenuator, multistage filter and casing, wherein this Sound Attenuator is arranged at the outside of described casing, it is provided with air outlet and air inlet, described air inlet is connected with described multistage filter by pressure-bearing pipeline, and this pressure-bearing pipeline is provided with ball valve and pressure regulator valve；Described multistage filter is arranged at the inside of casing, and it is connected with the air feed interface on survival capsule sidewall by air-supply pipeline, and this air feed interface is then directly connected with the air compressor machine outside described construction survival capsule, and using pressure-air produced by air compressor machine as wind regime.
As it is further preferred that for described oxygen supply unit, it includes oxygen supply unit, oxygen joining unit and Oxygen control unit, and wherein oxygen supply unit includes multiple compressed oxygen cylinder, and each compressed oxygen cylinder is respectively arranged with gas cylinder regulator；Oxygen joining unit includes bus-bar, and it is connected with each compressed oxygen cylinder by metal hose respectively, is provided with stop valve；Oxygen control unit includes Oxygen control case, and it is connected with described bus-bar by copper tube, described copper tube is provided with air relief valve, described Oxygen control case is additionally provided with effusion meter, Pressure gauge and switch.
As further preferably, described air cleaning member includes air cleaning box, air adsorption assembly and intake and exhaust assembly, what wherein said air cleaning box included being sequentially distributed from top to bottom exhaust level, filter course and air inlet layer, separated by bracket respectively between each layer, and on these brackets, be respectively arranged with the pallet of network；Being provided with multiple fan in described exhaust level, these fans are used alternatingly；Described air adsorption assembly includes CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon, it is positioned on described pallet；Described intake and exhaust assembly includes air inlet and steam vent, and wherein air inlet is arranged at the exhaust level of described air cleaning box, for the air pollution in survival capsule is sucked air cleaning member；Described steam vent is arranged at the air inlet layer of described air cleaning box, and the air after purifying is expelled to survival capsule from air cleaning member.
As it is further preferred that for said supply unit, the power interface of described external ac power source is arranged to straight down, and use quick connector to connect, be provided above protective cover at this quick connector simultaneously.
As further preferably, being internally provided with of this self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system is absorbed heat embedded piece and takes out air exhaust units, wherein this heat absorption embedded piece is arranged on inside the surrounding bulkhead of constructing tunnel survival capsule at each interval, and is filled with latent functionally thermal fluid inside it；This takes out the supporting vicinity being arranged on described heat absorption embedded piece of air exhaust units, and for performing the exchange of the inside and outside heat of survival capsule；Additionally, the inside of this constructing tunnel life saving system is additionally provided with isolation curtain and acoustic board, wherein it is arranged between the equipment concentrated area within survival capsule and personnel concentrated area, for deadening the equipment operating noise within survival capsule this isolation curtain single or multiple lift；This acoustic board is then arranged on inside the bulkhead of the internal neighbouring described equipment concentrated area of survival capsule, and for absorbing the noise within survival capsule further.
As further preferably, this self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system is preferably designed for the form of survival capsule, and include small-sized cabin, medium capsule, large-scale cabin and super-huge cabin four type, wherein: the physical size requirements in described small-sized cabin is long 2700mm × wide by 1700 × high 2200mm or 3000mm × wide by 1700 × high 2200mm, specified galleryful≤7 people, the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements of described medium capsule is long 3200mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm or 3500mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 8～10 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described large-scale cabin is long 4000mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm or 4400mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 11～15 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described ultra-large type cabin is long 4000mm × wide by 2500 × high 2500mm or 4400mm × wide by 2500 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 16～20 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, mainly possess following technological merit:
1. the invention provides that a kind of overall construction intensity is reasonable in design and complete function, be easy to constructing tunnel landslide in the case of the life saving system that can take refuge in time, when there is landslide in face rear portion, by the targeted design to hatch door, near face, workmen can enter survival capsule within the shortest time, it is to avoid trapped personnel is wrecked；Especially, by the key component of crawler belt mobile unit therein such as drives motor, crawler belt etc. make research and design in terms of structure composition, layout and the method for operation thereof etc., the functions such as advance, retrogressing and 360 degree of free turnings can not only be freely realized with compact conformation, favorably situated mode, and can suitably increase the height between decelerating through motor unit and ground in the case of ensureing that survival capsule whole height is constant；Mutually any should be able to drag without other or in the case of handling appliance, perform locomotive function effectively, neatly, it is to avoid the adverse effect of road gallet, significantly reduce the interference to constructing tunnel simultaneously
2. in the present invention, mobile parts by life saving system are set to the form of framework sled, so can unite two into one with lifesaving capsule body, possesses more preferable structural strength and rigidity, not only make monnolithic case compacter, and greatly reduce the whole height of survival capsule, make center of gravity effectively obtain reduction, run the most steady, anti-overturn that ability is higher thus geographical environment of all kinds of complexity in being suitable to tunnel；Additionally, two ends are designed for slope angle before and after this framework sled, the obstruction of the bigger crushed stone thus can being prevented effectively from moving range, further increase the stationarity in the whole moving process of survival capsule and safety；
3. the survival capsule overall structure of the present invention uses the body structure design of T profile grid type distribution, body structure disposed outside outer hull plate, internal chiasma arranges reinforcement, the body structure of self gusset of nacelle main body frame, T profile, the construction features of wing plate and grid type distributed combination can effectively carry the active force of all directions, while alleviating nacelle deadweight, the bearing capacity of nacelle can be strengthened again；Nacelle top is arch design, can preferably digest, absorb the shock loading at top, can disperse the dead load on vertical direction simultaneously；Reinforcement self has certain cross-sectional area, and its modulus of section value matches with structure bearing strength simultaneously, serves the effect of firm total；
4, being provided with the systems such as ventilation, oxygen supply, air cleaning, environmental monitoring, power supply and living guarantee due to integrated in this life saving system, by the preferred arrangement of these systems, make the trapped personnel vivosphere evacuating in survival capsule bigger, life span is longer；Additionally, be provided with screen phone system in survival capsule, can carry out outside screen call, beneficially hole, understanding the survival condition of trapped personnel in survival capsule with outside in survival capsule, beneficially carry out rescue work outside hole；
5. the club hand of existing explosion-proof type sealed door is taken turns and is changed single-grip opening/shutting mode into by the present invention, inside and outside handle is coaxially disposed, front and back two sections of hatch doors remove overall dimensions with both sides hatch door, structure and principle are identical, all can be rotated by handle and be delivered to hatch door inner link mechanism, inner handle directly opens and closes maximum 90 degree of angle, it is simple to quickly open and close；Simultaneously by arranging alignment sensor at rear door, after caving in, external rescue personnel can accurately be known rear door position, directly beat rescue run pipeline to rear door by the alignment sensor on rear door, it is simple to hedging personnel escape from smoothly；
6. the present invention is from the angle providing fresh air for workmen stranded in survival capsule, devise the special air feed system being applicable to life saving system, the filtration of air can be realized by multistage filter, with the quality of air in guarantee survival capsule, there is the advantages such as with low cost, safe and reliable, in can being effectively improved tunnel, the living environment of stranded workmen, prolongation life span, be greatly improved the survival rate of tunnel cave rescue；
7. the present invention has also carried out targeted design to oxygen system, wherein compressed oxygen is flowed out by compressed oxygen cylinder, carry out after one-level is decompressed to 0.3～0.4MPa through gas cylinder regulator, bus-bar is entered by metal hose, and carry out second depressurized to behind 0.1～0.2MPa through the air relief valve in Oxygen control unit, enter in constructing tunnel survival capsule, from there through pressure reduction with classification, achieve the low pressure oxygen supply in the confined space of constructing tunnel survival capsule, can be that the personnel of taking refuge in survival capsule provide breathing oxygen, the personnel of taking refuge are made to remain clear-headed brains and healthy animation；
8. the air cleaning system of the present invention is by arranging the air cleaning box of layering and combining air adsorption unit and intake and exhaust unit, the layered filtration of air in tunnel survival capsule can be realized, the noxious substance in air filtering can not only be crossed, and can also gas concentration lwevel in diluent air, air quality in constructing tunnel survival capsule can be effectively improved；
9. the electric power system of the present invention is provided simultaneously with external power source and internal electric source, inside and outside automatically the changing for electric energy of survival capsule, the conversion time is not more than 1s, it is that internal system electric equipment is powered that external communication electricity and internal dc source are converted to unified power supply by transformator or inverter, power inside system have employed unified use electric standard, has the advantages such as with low cost, safe and reliable；
10, center of gravity low movement reasonable in design according to self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system compact overall structure, the intensity distributions of the present invention steadily, perfect in shape and function and be easy to manipulation, the personnel that are not only beneficial in the case of caving in enter into inside life saving system the very first time, but also be easy to extraneous rescue personnel and positioning searching and the tissue of this system are rescued, it is therefore particularly suitable for all kinds of constructing tunnel rescue occasion, and possesses wide promotion prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram on front side of the constructing tunnel survival capsule of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram on rear side of the constructing tunnel survival capsule of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the constructing tunnel survival capsule left end head of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the constructing tunnel survival capsule right end of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the constructing tunnel survival capsule of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the hatch door according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the sectional view in Fig. 6 along line A-A；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the air feed system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the oxygen system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of the air cleaning system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the structure schematic diagram of the air cleaning system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the inner space figure of the air cleaning system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the control process flow diagram flow chart of the electric power system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the composition structural plan schematic diagram of crawler belt mobile system shown in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.As long as just can be mutually combined additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below does not constitutes conflict each other.
As Figure 1-5, a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, this survival capsule mainly includes the nacelle 1 being located at tunnel tunnel face rear, be respectively equipped with hatch door 2 on end before and after this nacelle 1, left and right side is respectively arranged with emergency exits 3, nacelle 1 is internal is divided into personnel area and equipment region two large divisions, and is correspondingly provided with air feed system 4, oxygen system 5, air cleaning system 6, environmental monitoring system 7, communication system 8, electric power system and living guarantee system 10 etc. wherein.Framework sled 12 it is provided with bottom nacelle, by the cooperating and reasonable Arrangement of each system in nacelle, can be that trapped personnel provides bigger vivosphere, preferably living environment, extend life span further, guard time, up to 72 hours, by hatch door and the emergency exits of present configuration hinged in nacelle, can facilitate the turnover of trapped personnel.
Respectively each system and parts will be described in detail and describe below.
As shown in Figure 1, nacelle 1 is such as body structure, its maximum can accommodate 20 people, and its top is circular arc, its disposed outside outer hull plate, specifically Q345R steel plate such as can be used to make, possessing shock resistance function of safety protection, concrete, the steel plate thickness of nacelle end face and bottom surface is such as 8mm, the thickness of two sides and both ends of the surface steel plate is such as 4mm, and the sagitta at circular arc top is such as 0.25m.
nullAccording to a preferred embodiment of the present invention，Reinforcement is arranged in nacelle internal chiasma，Reinforcement is arranged in the following way: before and after described nacelle inside, end face arranges that many angle steel are as reinforcement respectively in the way of horizontal and vertical，Arrange that many band steels are as reinforcement at the horizontal homogeneous respectively of the left and right side within described nacelle，Concrete，Such as can arrange the thick band steel of three 80mm width 6mm，It is evenly arranged many band steels as reinforcement along nacelle length direction in the bottom surface within described nacelle，Concrete，Such as the thick band steel of four 80mm width 6mm is arranged，It is evenly arranged many T-steels as reinforcement along nacelle length direction at the end face within described nacelle，Specifically such as it is four，Longitudinal direction within nacelle is additionally provided with multi-turn T-steel as reinforcement，Concrete is such as 8 circles，This 8 circle T-steel is uniformly distributed along the length direction of described nacelle.Concrete, the web height of described T-steel such as be 80mm, thickness such as 8mm, the wing plate width of T-steel be such as 80mm, thickness be such as 8mm.There is the life saving system of the present invention of said structure, more actual test shows, opposing soil stone in its nacelle top buries static pressure up to more than 380kPa, opposing soil stone in both sides buries static pressure up to more than 190kPa, top can resist produced by Tunnel collapse shock loading up to 200kN with, thus possess gratifying overall construction intensity.
This self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system is preferably designed for the form of survival capsule, and include small-sized cabin, medium capsule, large-scale cabin and super-huge cabin four type, wherein: the physical size requirements in described small-sized cabin is long 2700mm × wide by 1700 × high 2200mm or 3000mm × wide by 1700 × high 2200mm, specified galleryful≤7 people, the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements of described medium capsule is long 3200mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm or 3500mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 8～10 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described large-scale cabin is long 4000mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm or 4400mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 11～15 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described ultra-large type cabin is long 4000mm × wide by 2500 × high 2500mm or 4400mm × wide by 2500 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 16～20 people, and the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours.
As it is shown in figure 5, be such as located at end face (front door, rear door) before and after nacelle 1 for square hatch door 2, emergency exits 3 (left hatch door, right hatch door) are symmetrically set in the left and right side of nacelle 1.Front door is as main hedging hatch door, left and right sides hatch door is as the hedging hatch door of auxiliary, two kinds of hatch doors are outward opening, hedging personnel are facilitated in case of emergency to open, when i.e. there is landslide, the distress personnel having little time escape can enter hedging in survival capsule from the front door near face, and left and right sides hatch door can act also as disperseing the hedging hatch door of hedging artificial abortion simultaneously；Rear door Main Function is during survival capsule is manufactured, and provides convenient for the installation of equipment in equipment compartment (near rear door)；Main acting as facilitates rescue run.
Wherein, front door and a left side, the structure of right hatch door is identical, size is slightly distinguished, concrete, front door is (left, right hatch door) may be designed as rectangle structure, as shown in fig. 6-7, it includes hatch door plate main body 21, rotating shaft 22, drive link 23 and bolt 24, hatch door plate main body 21 passes through hinge on the sidewall of survival capsule, rotating shaft 22 runs through hatch door plate main body, and it is positioned at, and the one end outside survival capsule is fixing connects outer handle 25, it is positioned at, and the one end within survival capsule is fixing connects Internal handle 26, in rotating shaft 22, also fixing connection drive link 23 and drive link are positioned at survival capsule；It is fixedly connected with connection support on drive link 23, connects and be horizontally disposed with bearing pin 27 on support；Bolt 24 is hinged in hatch door plate main body, it includes the first bar portion and the second bar portion, the one end in the first bar portion is fixed together with the one end in the second bar portion, so that bolt entirety is V-shaped, it is provided with strip hole in first bar portion, connects in the bearing pin on support stretches into the strip hole in the first bar portion and can slide in strip hole.Concrete, the size of the front door being opened in nacelle front end face is 1400mm height × 600mm width × R100mm (chamfer radius at four angles), door-plate thickness 8mm, it is opened in the size 800mm height × 600mm width × R1000mm (chamfer radius at four angles) of the left and right hatch door of nacelle left and right side, door-plate thickness 8mm.
Rear door is then the door that structure is relatively simple, it is made up of steel plate, it is provided with gusset, and it is provided with threaded connection hole, it is bolted the inside being arranged on survival capsule, rear door is provided with alignment sensor simultaneously, after caving in, external rescue personnel can be by the alignment sensor on rear door, accurately know rear door position, external rescue personnel can use the method squeezing into rescue run pipeline, rescue run pipeline is directly beaten to rear door, now, in survival capsule, hedging personnel can directly unclamp bolt with instrument in cabin, rear door easily can be pulled down, and then hedging personnel can directly escape from from rescue run pipeline.
Preferably, hatch door plate main body 21 is provided with observation window 28, be it will be seen that the situation outside nacelle by observation window, described hatch door plate main body 8 is provided with a fence 29.It addition, be provided with gusset 30 in hatch door plate main body 21, to improve the intensity of hatch door plate main body.
Often fan hatch door includes one piece of hatch door plate main body 21, and the interior outside of hatch door plate main body 21 is respectively provided with inside and outside handle.Inside and outside handle is L-type structure, and coaxially connected.Drive link 23 it is installed with in rotating shaft, drive link drives bolt to open and Guan Bi by the connecting rod being fixed in hatch door plate main body, often it is respectively equipped with connection support inside fan door, connect support and include four connecting rods 31, and these four connecting rods are in rectangular layout, left linkages controls three bolts 24 respectively, and upper and lower strut controls a bolt respectively, is connected by drive link and realize synchronizing between connecting rod.So, rotate outer handle or Internal handle, then power successively through drive link, drive link transmission to connecting rod, link transmission, to bolt, makes drive link move up and down, and then drives locking bolt to rotate, and can realize quickly opening and closing of hatch door.Additionally, be provided with sealing strip 32 between door fence 7 and hatch door plate main body, at the sealing strip that is formed around of hatch door plate main body, the setting of multiple locking bolts can ensure that when hatch door plate main body is closed, sealing strip fits tightly with door fence, it is ensured that the seal of door is good.It addition, the quantity of bolt can arrange multiple, the movement so connecting support can drive these bolts to rotate simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 8, air feed system 4 includes casing 41, Sound Attenuator 42 and multistage filter 43, wherein, Sound Attenuator 42 is used for eliminating air power noise, it is arranged at the outside of casing 41, and it is connected by pressure-bearing pipeline with multistage filter 43, and is provided with ball valve 44 and pressure regulator valve 45 on pressure-bearing pipeline, this ball valve is for regulating the switch of pipeline, and pressure regulator valve is for regulating the pressure in pipeline；Additionally, Sound Attenuator is connected with pressure-bearing pipeline by management adnexa 48, to ensure the reliable fixing of Sound Attenuator.
Multistage filter 43 is for realizing the filtration of air, being arranged at the inside of casing 41, it is located on the sidewall 49 of survival capsule by air-supply pipeline 46, to be fixed by air feed system, air-supply pipeline is connected with the air feed interface on sidewall, and this air feed interface is connected with the air compressor machine outside survival capsule.Preferably, multistage filter uses tertiary filter, by the filtration of three grades, can realize the classification multiple times of filtration of air, improve air quality, and the flow of tertiary filter is 6m3/min。
In order to affect personal security in preventing the gas in tunnel from invading survival capsule, casing 41 is additionally provided with gas detector 47, specifically it is arranged at the upper surface of casing 1, with this, gas bearing capacity in air in escape compartment can be monitored by this air feed system in real time, and the trapped personnel in escape compartment can adjust the size of air quantity according to the gas density of monitoring according to the operating instruction on casing by pressure regulator valve, to affect personal security in preventing gas from invading cabin.
Air feed interface owing to being located on survival capsule sidewall needs the pipeline of wind regime existing with tunnel (air compressor machine) to be connected, impact may be had at docking port in view of produced rubble, soil block during landslide, therefore the connection of air feed interface Yu air compressor machine is set to connected mode straight down, i.e. connect a connecting tube vertically arranged at air feed seam, this connecting tube is provided with quick connector, constructing tunnel operation thus can be conveniently coordinated to dismount, this quick connector can realize the rapid abutting joint with air compressor machine, and concrete quick connector is connected with air compressor machine by wired hose.In order to protect connecting tube and joint further, and joint outside in connecting tube be provided above steel structure protective cover, connecting tube and joint are produced and destroy by the impact thus can prevent landslide from producing, and cause connecting tube and joint gas leakage or lose efficacy.
During use, air feed system is connected with the tunnel VMC (Ventilation Mechanical Control System) of external body of caving in by air-supply pipeline 46, by tunnel VMC (Ventilation Mechanical Control System) to providing required air in survival capsule, and the circulation of air in promotion nacelle, wherein new wind outlet pressure is between 0.1MPa～0.3MPa, and resh air requirement is not less than 0.3m3/ min people, continuous noise is not more than 70dB (A).
In order to ensure safety, preventing from revealing, pressure-bearing pipeline and the air-supply pipeline No leakage when being not less than 1.5 times and using pressurize 0.5h under pressure, pressure is without being decreased obviously (pressure gauge reading decline is not to be exceeded 5%).
As it is shown in figure 9, oxygen system 5, it is located in survival capsule, and near hatch door position, it includes oxygen supply unit, oxygen joining unit and Oxygen control unit.In the case of air-supply pipeline 46 damages, can be by compressed oxygen cylinder to putting forward oxygen supply gas, personal security in effective guarantee nacelle in nacelle.
Oxygen supply unit includes multiple compressed oxygen cylinder 51, equipped with compressed oxygen in this compressed oxygen cylinder, source of oxygen is provided for whole oxygen system, the volume capacity of each compressed oxygen cylinder is 40L, pressure is 15Mpa, being provided with gas cylinder regulator 52 on each compressed oxygen cylinder 51, this gas cylinder regulator 52 is for realizing the decompression of oxygen, and this reduces pressure for one-level.Concrete, first oxygen is decompressed to 0.3MPa～0.4Mpa by gas cylinder regulator 52, to realize the one-level decompression of oxygen.
Oxygen joining unit includes bus-bar 53, bus-bar 53 is linear structure, it is for confluxing to the oxygen of conveying, it is connected with each compressed oxygen cylinder 51 by metal hose 54 respectively, and the oxygen in each compressed oxygen cylinder is sent in bus-bar 53 by the way of metal hose 54 is with tributary respectively and confluxed.
For the ease of being shunted by oxygen stream, bus-bar 3 is provided with stop valve 55.Concrete, the middle part of bus-bar 3 is located at by stop valve 5, can be so two-way by the oxygen flow point in bus-bar 3.
Oxygen control unit, it is for realizing the flow-control of oxygen, and carries suitable oxygen in constructing tunnel survival capsule, and it includes that Oxygen control case 58, Oxygen control case 58 are connected with bus-bar 53 by copper tube 57.Effusion meter 59, Pressure gauge 510 and switch 511 it is provided with on Oxygen control case 58, this effusion meter 59 is for showing and controlling the supply flow of oxygen in oxygen system, trapped personnel can regulate the flow of oxygen according to the number of taking refuge by the handle on rotometer.This Pressure gauge 510 is for showing the pressure of oxygen in oxygen system, and this switch 511 is for realizing the switch of oxygen system.
Concrete, when the middle part of bus-bar is located at by stop valve, copper tube is two, and it is connected with left side and the right side of bus-bar respectively, is thus sent in Oxygen control case by the oxygen of two-way.
Owing to oxygen system is positioned in survival capsule, and survival capsule is confined space, its limited space, the size of size with survival capsule in order to make oxygen cylinder adapts, and saves existing space, and ensures everyone minimum oxygen supply demand, the present invention is specifically provided with 7 compressed oxygen cylinders, and arranging with 3+4 two row spread pattern, ensure that in constructing tunnel survival capsule, oxygen-supplying amount is not less than 0.5L/min per capita with this, oxygen supply flow velocity is less than 30m/s.
In order to further reduce the pressure of oxygen, it is ensured that the oxygen supply power of oxygen system and oxygen supply persistency, copper tube is provided with air relief valve 56, to realize the second depressurized of oxygen.Concrete, air relief valve 56 is by the pressure of oxygen to 0.1MPa～0.2Mpa.
The specifically used process of this oxygen system is as follows, is first turned on oxygen cylinder and carries out oxygen supply, then opens the stop valve on bus-bar, so that the oxygen in bus-bar is divided into two-way, opening gas cylinder regulator again, in regulation bus-bar, the pressure of oxygen is to 0.3～0.4Mpa, it is achieved the one-level decompression of oxygen；Opening the air relief valve after stop valve again, the pressure of regulation oxygen is to 0.1～0.2MPa, it is achieved the second depressurized of oxygen；Finally, the switch on Oxygen control case is opened, it is achieved the oxygen supply to the trapped personnel in constructing tunnel survival capsule.Trapped personnel can regulate the flow of oxygen, it is ensured that oxygen-supplying amount is not less than 0.5L/min per capita according to the number of taking refuge by effusion meter.
As shown in figs. 10-12, air cleaning system 6 includes air cleaning box, air adsorption unit and intake and exhaust unit, wherein air cleaning box provides for the process of air pollution in constructing tunnel survival capsule and purifies place and space, it can be cuboid, square etc. all can realize the shape of above-mentioned functions, it mainly includes exhaust level 61, filter course 62 and air inlet layer 63, as shown in figure 11, exhaust level 61, filter course 62 and air inlet layer 63 are from top to bottom sequentially distributed, separated by bracket 64 respectively between each layer, i.e. it is provided with bracket between exhaust level 61 and filter course 62, it is provided with bracket between filter course 62 and air inlet layer 63, cancellated pallet it is provided with on bracket, on the one hand by putting into or taking out pallet, can be by the CO on pallet2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon are disposably put into or take out, it is simple to practical operation, another convenient air circulation that can be easy to each layer.This air cleaning system can ensure standard atmosphere pressure carbon dioxide < 1.0%, process CO within the specified guarantee time2Ability be not less than 0.5L/min people.
Wherein, air inlet layer is for accommodating the air of the non-purified process sucked into from survival capsule, filter course is for filtering the air of the non-purified process come from air inlet layer, exhaust level is for filtering the air of the most Partial cleansing process come from filter course further, and for accommodating the air of purified treatment, exhaust level also provides installation site for fan simultaneously.This fan sucks the bottom (i.e. air inlet layer) of air cleaning box for the air pollution constructed in road in survival capsule, then air is made to circulate from the bottom up, sequentially pass through filter course and exhaust level, air pollution is filtered through layer by layer, and then obtains without dirt, be suitable to the purification air that trapped personnel is survived.Concrete, fan is turbofan, and it is provided with two, and two fans are used alternatingly, and may be implemented in non-stop run in specified guard time, it is ensured that air quality purifies to be needed.Two fans are driven rotation, fan and motor to be arranged in exhaust level by perforate dividing plate by motor 65 respectively.The rotary switch 69 that motor opens and closes is controlled additionally, be provided with on the casing of air cleaning box.
Air adsorption unit effectively filters for toxic gas and the dust producing the carbon dioxide in air pollution, steam, effluvium and tunnel blasting excavation and processes, and it includes CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon, it is positioned on pallet.Wherein, CO2Adsorbent breathes, for adsorbing the trapped personnel in survival capsule air, the carbon dioxide produced, hygroscopic agent is for adsorbing the moisture in air, to regulate the humidity of air, activated carbon is for adsorbing the effluvium in air and the toxic gas of tunnel blasting excavation generation, simultaneously by being provided for the bracket of interlayer, and by CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activity are positioned on the pallet of bracket, and the dust in air is difficult to up circulate with air, and it is by bracket, CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon stop and filter, from there through pallet and CO2The cooperation of adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activity, it is achieved that the process of dust in air.Concrete, for the ease of CO2The preservation of adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon, CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon all use vacuum packaging, produce dust rate and be not more than 2% during use.
Concrete, CO2Adsorbent specifically selects the adsorbent using Lithium hydrate as major ingredient as carbon dioxide absorber, and it has a following advantage than calcium hydroxide adsorbent etc.: Lithium hydrate adsorbent efficiency about 65%, higher than calcium hydroxide adsorbent adsorption efficiency 20%；Owing to Lithium hydrate adsorption efficiency is high, consumption can greatly reduce.Due to limited space in the cabin of survival capsule, therefore select adsorption efficiency high, the Lithium hydrate adsorbent that consumption is few is more suitable for the service condition of survival capsule, during actual application, Lithium hydrate adsorbent is for being shown in pink at spherical particle before using, white is become (after being finished inefficacy), it is simple to distinguish and observe adsorbent service condition, and Lithium hydrate dust rate is less than 2% after reflecting.
Intake and exhaust unit is for sucking the air pollution in survival capsule, and the air discharge after purifying, the power provided for flowing and the circulation of air, it includes air inlet 66 and steam vent 67, air inlet 67 for sucking air cleaning system by the air pollution in survival capsule, and the steam vent 67 air after purifying is expelled to survival capsule from air cleaning system.
Concrete, air inlet is located at the lower section (being i.e. located at air inlet layer) at the air cleaning box back side, and steam vent is located at the top (being i.e. located at exhaust level) in air cleaning box front.Further, air inlet is provided with one, and it uses louvered air port, it is simple to the feeding of air；Steam vent is provided with two, and its extraction flow is regulated by air bleeding valve.
In order to strengthen filtration and the treatment effect of air, can also place CO in air inlet layer2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon, the air entering air cleaning box is achieved that in air inlet layer once filter, then realize secondary filter by filter course, then realize three filtrations by exhaust level, it is achieved in three-stage filtration, can further improve the quality of air.Additionally, in order to protect all parts in air cleaning box not by dirty with corrode, air cleaning box arranges a chamber door 610.
The specific works process of above-mentioned air cleaning system is as follows: the vacuum packaging of carbon dioxide absorber, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon is sealed off and is positioned on two pallets by the chamber door opening air cleaning box, opening motor switch after closing chamber door drives turbofan that by air inlet layer, air pollution in survival capsule is passed upward through filtering layer purification, leach toxic dust, the carbon dioxide of high concentration, steam and effluvium, then loop to upper strata exhaust level will purify after fresh air entered in survival capsule by steam vent.When adsorbent gradually lost efficacy appearance obvious color change, the adsorbent that pallet lost efficacy is taken out, and again changes the adsorbent of new opening.
As shown in Figure 2, environmental monitoring system 7 includes oxygen sensor 71, carbon dioxide sensor 72 and Hygrothermograph 73, oxygen sensor 71 is the content of oxygen in monitoring survival capsule, carbon dioxide sensor 72 is the content of carbon dioxide in monitoring survival capsule, Hygrothermograph 73 is for monitoring the temperature and humidity in survival capsule, being equipped with sound wave alarm on oxygen sensor 71 and carbon dioxide sensor 72, in cabin, the sound level of sound wave alarm is not more than 50dB (A).In using such setting to be easy to nacelle, personnel monitor cabin internal milieu in real time, and when in nacelle, oxygen, gas concentration lwevel are beyond critical field value, in sound wave alarm can remind nacelle, personnel carry out other operations.
Communication system 8 is located in survival capsule, it is easy to internal trapped personnel get in touch with extraneous headquarter, thus rapid deployment rescue, it includes wire communication unit and radio communication unit the most simultaneously, wherein wire communication unit is connected with external signal terminal by optical cable, radio communication unit is connected with external signal terminal by all kinds of suitable wireless modes, in the most jointly providing survival capsule, video communication between Wai, also can be equipped with switch unit between the two communication unit, this switch unit respectively with described wire communication unit, radio communication unit signal is connected, and switch to another one communication unit for a communication unit wherein when maybe cannot use when breaking down；Additionally, described wire communication unit has the multiple line interfaces being connected with described optical cable, these line interfaces are arranged to straight down, and use quick connector to connect, and are provided above protective cover at this quick connector simultaneously.In this way, it is possible not only to effectively to overcome in conventional lifesaving appliance and only has simple communication function, there is no the defect of video communication function, rescue personnel can be conducive to accordingly to understand the mental and physical of personnel in cabin in time, it is simple to organizing of rescue work；And by using wired and wireless combination and switching in the present invention, it can be ensured that video communication function perfect, such as based on wire communication, wireless telecommunications be auxiliary, both complement one another, for transmission of video offer dual fail-safe.
For electric power system, it includes external ac power source, internal dc source and power conversion unit, and wherein external ac power source is located at the outside of constructing tunnel survival capsule, and is converted to unified power supply equipped with transformator；Internal dc source is such as lithium storage battery, and it is located at the inside of constructing tunnel survival capsule, and is converted to unified power supply equipped with inverter；Described power conversion unit, for performing the switching of described transformator or inverter, therefore ensures that the normal power supply into all power units in survival capsule inside；Additionally, the power interface of external ac power source is arranged to straight down, and use quick connector to connect, be provided above protective cover at this quick connector simultaneously.In order to ensure power supply safety, external power source and power interface are provided with perfect safety guard, it is ensured that power supply safety within survival capsule when external power source interrupts under the conditions of power supply safety in the case of accident and catastrophe.
In use, first whether power according to DC source or charge, determining whether other electrical equipments open, if DC source is not powered or charges, trapped personnel other electrical equipments manually opened；If DC source is in power supply or charging, then whether there is people according in survival capsule, determine whether other electrical equipments open；If there being people in survival capsule, then automatically turning on other electrical equipments, if nobody, being then not turned on other electrical equipments.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, heat sensor identification technology such as can be used, it is achieved in survival capsule, whether have the judgement of people.Heat sensor is specifically located at the top of constructing tunnel survival capsule, and it is preferably three, and two of which is located at the two ends on long limit, bottom, and another is located at the centre on another long limit.Electric power system specifically controls process as shown in figure 13.
It is additionally provided with fixing luminaire, temporary emergency lighting equipment in cabin and is located at the signal lights of nacelle two ends.Fixing luminaire ensures that the illumination under declared working condition needs, and temporary emergency lighting equipment is equipped with torch or Portable LED lamp etc..Nacelle two ends is provided with signal lights, it is simple to the situation that astrodome is external, guides extraneous personnel to come to the rescue, simultaneously can be used for survival capsule and warn the vehicle of dealing in the stand-by state.
As it is shown in figure 5, described living guarantee system 10 includes seat 101, food 102, drinking water 103, medical supplies 104, first-aid applicance 105 and fire service inventory 106.Living guarantee system directly affects the life security of personnel in nacelle, therefore, provides the primary condition required for human normal physiological activity and necessary existence necessary, contribute to by because of personnel's hedging and escape in nacelle.
As shown in figure 14, it is shown that according to the composition structural plan figure of the crawler-type mobile system of the present invention.As shown in the figure, this crawler belt mobile system mainly includes the main body frame the most affixed by two longitudinal carriers and multiple crossbeam, and carrying is provided with and comprises driving wheel, drives decelerating through motor unit, torr sprocket wheel and the moving cell of crawler belt respectively on two longitudinal carriers.
Specifically, longitudinal carrier includes the first longitudinal carrier and the second longitudinal carrier arranged each along the long axis direction of survival capsule, wherein for the first longitudinal carrier, its front end (being shown as left end in figure) is provided with the first driving wheel and supporting first and drives motor and the first decelerator, its rear end (being shown as right-hand member in figure) is provided with the first torr sprocket wheel, first crawler belt is set between the first driving wheel and the first torr sprocket wheel, thus drives the first driving wheel under the first driving motor effect and then is driven and independently realizes shuttling movement；Similarly, for the second longitudinal carrier, its rear end (being shown as right-hand member in figure) is provided with the second driving wheel and supporting second and drives motor and the second decelerator, its front end (being shown as left end in figure) is provided with the second torr sprocket wheel, second crawler belt is the most sheathed to be stated between the second driving and the second torr sprocket wheel, thus independently realizes shuttling movement under the second effect driving motor；Crossbeam is such as three, and they are in parallel with each other across being arranged between said two longitudinal carrier, and are such as removably attachable on the downside of escape capsule body by connecting bolt.In this way, the moving cell owing to being carried on two longitudinal carriers is antisymmetric arrangement relation, when described first, second drives motor steering identical, for realizing crawler belt freely turning in the range of 360 °；And when described first, second drives motor steering contrary, for realizing advance or the fallback function of crawler belt.
More specifically, a pedal can be arranged in the outside of longitudinal carrier, facilitate passenger upper and lower.Perfectly even arrange the thrust wheel of such as 10 longitudinally in each on the downside of support, thus share top survival capsule and the weight of crawler belt mobile unit.Two longitudinal carriers are by three crossbeam Joints being equally spaced, this crossbeam is preferably designed to the inverted U-shaped that low centre, both sides is high, such as it is disposed with 8 link bolt hole on each crossbeam, is connected with top survival capsule agent structure by connecting bolt, in order to dismantle and change.Additionally, also by regulation guide wheel and the rate of tension of tensioner regulation crawler belt, motor provides dynamic Control driving wheel to rotate to drive crawler belt winding, makes mobile unit advance.Owing to two mobile unit longitudinal carriers are arranged by antisymmetry, when motor steering is identical, it is possible to achieve mobile unit turns to, when motor steering is contrary, realize the advance of mobile unit, retrogressing and climbing function.Being furnished with decelerator on motor, can carry out slowing down and braking, simple to operate, dropping place after facilitating survival capsule to first enter into tunnel, coordinative construction operation moves and follows tunnel digging and then reach.Above-mentioned mobile system entirety can use high strength steel structural elements, can have certain explosion prevention function, ensures that normal work is unaffected during tunnel blasting excavation.
Additionally, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for described first, second crawler belt, its side substantially forming chain sheet is irregular convex-concave structure, thus adapt increasing while contact area also hollow and fluctuating road conditions with tunnel road surface；Described first drives motor and the first decelerator, the second driving motor and the second decelerator all to use horizontal type to arrange, and accommodates the bottom surface being in described nacelle.
Those skilled in the art is easy to understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system, it is characterised in that this life saving system includes placing
In the nacelle (1) at tunnel tunnel face rear, described nacelle (1) entirety is the casing of circular arc in top
Structure, its disposed outside has outer hull plate, and reinforcement is arranged in its internal chiasma；
The bottom of described nacelle is provided with crawler belt mobile unit (12), and this crawler belt mobile unit (12) is wrapped
Include the main body frame the most affixed by two longitudinal carriers and multiple crossbeam, and the two is longitudinally
Support includes that the first longitudinal carrier arranged each along the long axis direction of survival capsule and second longitudinally props up
Frame, wherein for the first longitudinal carrier, its front end is provided with the first driving wheel and supporting first
Driving motor and the first decelerator, its rear end is provided with the first torr sprocket wheel, and the first crawler belt is set in institute
State between the first driving wheel and the first torr sprocket wheel, thus independent under the described first effect driving motor
Realize shuttling movement；For the second longitudinal carrier, its rear end be provided with the second driving driving wheel and
The second supporting driving motor and the second decelerator, its front end is provided with the second torr sprocket wheel, and second carries out
Band is set between described second driving wheel and the second torr sprocket wheel equally, thus drives electricity described second
Shuttling movement is independently realized under the effect of machine；Described crossbeam is the most in parallel with each other across being arranged on described two
Between individual longitudinal carrier, and it is removably attachable on the downside of escape capsule body；
The front and rear end of described nacelle (1) is respectively arranged with front door and rear door, arranged on left and right sides
Face is respectively arranged with emergency exits；Described front door, rear door, emergency exits are both designed as outward opening structure,
And rear door is mounted by means of bolts on the inside of survival capsule, is additionally provided with on this rear door simultaneously
For it being performed the alignment sensor of location positioning；
The inside of described nacelle (1) is divided into personnel area and equipment region, and wherein personnel area sets
Put in the front side within nacelle and stage casing, and equipped with supplying at seat and the Excreta of hedging librarian use
Reason unit；Equipment region is arranged on the rear side within nacelle, and integrated be provided with air feed unit (4),
Oxygen supply unit (5), air cleaning member (6) and power supply unit, wherein air feed unit, oxygen supply list
Unit and air cleaning member collaborative work, for for survival capsule inside provide for wind pressure be 0.1MPa～
0.3MPa, wind supply quantity is not less than 0.3m per capita3The air of/min, and pressure be 0.1MPa～0.2Mpa,
Oxygen-supplying amount is not less than the oxygen of 0.5L/min per capita, and makes air in survival capsule without dust and poisonous
Composition and CO2Concentration is less than 1.0%；Additionally, said supply unit is straight by external ac power source and inside
Stream power supply collectively constitutes, and the switchably power supply of all electrical equipments in survival capsule.
2. self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that for
For described first, second crawler belt, its side substantially forming chain sheet is irregular convex-concave structure,
Thus adapt increasing while contact area also hollow and fluctuating road conditions with tunnel road surface；Described
First drives motor and the first decelerator, the second driving motor and the second decelerator all to use horizontal type cloth
Put, and accommodate the bottom surface being in described nacelle.
3. self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
Described reinforcement preferably employs following manner and arranges: before and after described nacelle inside end face with level and
Vertical mode arrange many angle steel as reinforcement, equal in the left and right side level within described nacelle
Many band steels of even layout are as reinforcement, uniform along nacelle length direction in the bottom surface within described nacelle
Arrange many band steels as reinforcement, at the end face within described nacelle along the uniform cloth of nacelle length direction
Put many T-steels as reinforcement, the longitudinal direction within nacelle is additionally provided with multi-turn T-steel conduct
Reinforcement, this multi-turn T-steel is uniformly distributed along the length direction of described nacelle.
4. a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In, the most integrated in the equipment region of described nacelle (1) it is provided with environmental monitoring unit (7) and communication list
Unit (8), wherein this environmental monitoring unit (7) includes for performing oxygen content in survival capsule in real time
The oxygen sensor (71) of detection, for carbon dioxide content in survival capsule being performed the two of in real time detection
Carbonoxide sensor (72), and temperature and the Hygrothermograph of humidity in detection survival capsule in real time
(73)；This communication unit (8) is by cable video communication module and common group of wireless video communication module
Become, and coordinate for performing the video calling inside and outside survival capsule.
5. a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as described in claim 1-4 any one, its
Being characterised by, for described air feed unit (4), it includes Sound Attenuator (42), multistage filtering
Device (43) and casing (41), wherein this Sound Attenuator (42) is arranged at outside described casing (41)
Portion, is provided with air outlet and air inlet, and described air inlet is by pressure-bearing pipeline and described multistage mistake
Filter (43) is connected, and this pressure-bearing pipeline is provided with ball valve (44) and pressure regulator valve (45)；Described
Multistage filter (43) is arranged at the inside of casing (41), and it passes through air-supply pipeline (46) and rescues
Air feed interface on the sidewall of raw cabin is connected, this air feed interface then directly with described construction survival capsule outside
Air compressor machine is connected, and using pressure-air produced by air compressor machine as wind regime.
6. one constructing tunnel life saving system voluntarily as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that right
For described oxygen supply unit, it includes oxygen supply unit, oxygen joining unit and Oxygen control list
Unit, wherein oxygen supply unit includes multiple compressed oxygen cylinder, and each compressed oxygen cylinder is respectively provided with
There is gas cylinder regulator；Oxygen joining unit includes bus-bar, and it is respectively by metal hose and each pressure
Contracting oxygen cylinder is connected, and is provided with stop valve；Oxygen control unit includes Oxygen control case, and it leads to
Cross copper tube to be connected with described bus-bar, described copper tube is provided with air relief valve, described Oxygen control
Effusion meter, Pressure gauge and switch it is additionally provided with on case.
7. a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as described in claim 5 or 6, its feature exists
In, described air cleaning member (6) includes air cleaning box, air adsorption assembly and intake and exhaust assembly,
What wherein said air cleaning box included being sequentially distributed from top to bottom exhaust level (61), filter course (62)
With air inlet layer (63), separated by bracket (64) respectively between each layer, and on these brackets respectively
It is provided with the pallet of network；Described exhaust level is provided with multiple fan in (61), these fans
It is used alternatingly；Described air adsorption assembly includes CO2Adsorbent, hygroscopic agent and activated carbon, it is positioned over
On described pallet；Described intake and exhaust assembly includes air inlet (65) and steam vent (66), and its
Middle air inlet (65) is arranged at exhaust level (61) place of described air cleaning box, for by survival capsule
In air pollution suck air cleaning member；Described steam vent (66) is arranged at described air cleaning
Air inlet layer (63) place of case, and for will purify after air be expelled to lifesaving from air cleaning member
In cabin.
8. the one as described in claim 1-7 any one is from mobile constructing tunnel life saving system,
It is characterized in that for said supply unit, the power interface of described external ac power source is set
For straight down, and use quick connector to connect, be provided above protective cover at this quick connector simultaneously.
9. a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as described in claim 1-8 any one, its
Be characterised by, this self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system be internally provided with heat absorption embedded piece and pump drainage wind
Unit, wherein this heat absorption embedded piece is arranged in the surrounding bulkhead of constructing tunnel survival capsule at each interval
On side, and inside it, it is filled with latent functionally thermal fluid；This is taken out, and air exhaust units is supporting is arranged on described suction
The vicinity of hot embedded piece, and for performing the exchange of the inside and outside heat of survival capsule；Additionally, this tunnel is executed
The inside of work life saving system is additionally provided with isolation curtain and acoustic board, wherein this isolation curtain single or multiple lift ground
It is arranged between the equipment concentrated area within survival capsule and personnel concentrated area, is used for deadening survival capsule
Internal equipment operating noise；This acoustic board is then arranged on the internal neighbouring described equipment concentration zones of survival capsule
On inside the bulkhead in territory, and for absorbing the noise within survival capsule further.
10. a kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system as described in claim 1-9 any one, its
Being characterised by, this self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system is preferably designed for the form of survival capsule, and includes
Small-sized cabin, medium capsule, large-scale cabin and super-huge cabin four type, wherein: the profile in described small-sized cabin
Dimensions is long 2700mm × wide by 1700 × high 2200mm or 3000mm × wide by 1700 × height
2200mm, specified galleryful≤7 people, the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours；Institute
State the physical size requirements of medium capsule be long 3200mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm or 3500mm ×
Wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 8～10 people, the specified guarantee time be 72 hours or
Person 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described large-scale cabin is long 4000mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm
Or 4400mm × wide by 2000 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 11～15 people, during specified guarantee
Between be 72 hours or 120 hours；The physical size requirements in described ultra-large type cabin is long 4000mm × wide
2500 × high 2500mm or 4400mm × wide by 2500 × high 2500mm, specified galleryful 16～20
People, the specified guarantee time is 72 hours or 120 hours.
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| CN201610367010.8A CN105909304B (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2016-05-27 | A kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system |
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| CN201610367010.8A CN105909304B (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2016-05-27 | A kind of self-propelled constructing tunnel life saving system |
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| CN113047901A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | A life saving equipment for tunnel construction |
| CN114183190A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground post-disaster rescue device and implementation method |
| CN117927298A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-04-26 | 江苏华诚自动化设备有限公司 | Self-oxygen-supply tunnel rescue capsule and oxygen supply circulation method thereof |
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| CN105909304B (en) | 2018-02-27 |
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