CN105908073B - 一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105908073B
CN105908073B CN201610346651.5A CN201610346651A CN105908073B CN 105908073 B CN105908073 B CN 105908073B CN 201610346651 A CN201610346651 A CN 201610346651A CN 105908073 B CN105908073 B CN 105908073B
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饶琳
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法,所述无取向硅钢适合作为发动机铁芯,特别适用于电动汽车或混合动力汽车所使用的高频驱动发动机。无取向硅钢成品包含以下元素组成:C:0.01‑0.02%,Si:3.50‑4.50%,Ni:0.85‑1.15%,Zr:0.80‑1.50%,Hf:0.01‑0.02%,Mn:2.20‑2.50%,Sn:1.05‑1.25%,Cr:2.25‑2.55%,Al:0.20‑0.40%,Zn:0.50‑0.80%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。通过对于无取向硅钢元素组成成分的选择,以及热处理步骤和参数范围的选定,不用特意添加稀土元素,实现了低生产成本。并且,最终获得的产品在更宽幅的频率下,获得了优良的磁感应强度和铁损性能,满足了电机对于无方向性电磁钢板产品的应用需求。

Description

一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及硅钢材料领域,具体的说,是涉及一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法。
背景技术
无取向电工钢是含碳很低的硅铁软磁合金,是电力、电子和军事工业不可缺少的重要软磁合金,亦是产量最大的金属功能材料,主要用作各种电机、发电机和变压器的铁芯。它的生产工艺复杂,制造技术严格,国外的生产技术都以专利形式加以保护,视为企业的生命。电工钢板的制造技术和产品质量是衡量一个国家特殊钢生产和科技发展水平的重要标志之一。目前我国冷轧电工钢数量、质量、规格牌号,还不能满足能源(电力)工业发展的需求,在生产技术、设备、管理及科研等方面与日本相比,存在较大差距。
无取向硅钢是在旋转磁场中工作的电动机和发电机转子的铁芯材料,要求良好的磁性能和工艺性能。近年来,随着电机高速化和小型化的发展,对无取向硅钢的性能要求提出了更高的要求,如在高频下具有低铁损和高磁感强度等。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,提供一种无方向性电磁钢板,其适合作为发动机铁芯,特别适用于电动汽车或混合动力汽车所使用的高频驱动发动机,可实现提供低生产成本且在更宽幅的频率下磁感应强度和铁损优良的无方向性电磁钢板。
本发明提供了一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法,其中,所述无取向硅钢成品包含以下元素组成:C:0.01-0.02%,Si:3.50-4.50%,Ni:0.85-1.15%,Zr:0.80-1.50%,Hf:0.01-0.02%,Mn:2.20-2.50%,Sn:1.05-1.25%,Cr:2.25-2.55%,Al:0.20-0.40%,Zn:0.50-0.80%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比;其中,Al和Mn元素含量之和满足2.5%<{[Al]+[Mn]}<2.7%;所述无取向硅钢成品的再结晶组织占总体的75~85%;所述无取向硅钢成品的平均粒径为60-100μm;所述制备方法包括以下步骤:热轧、中间退火、冷轧和最终退火步骤。
所述热轧步骤为:加热到1000-1100℃进行热轧,然后以20~30℃/s的速度降温,在500~580℃进行卷取。
所述中间退火步骤为:将卷取后的板材重新加热到820~860℃,加热速率为10~15℃/s,进行中间退火。
所述冷轧步骤为:将中间退火后的板材,在Ar和He的混合气氛作为保护气氛下,进行80~85%压下率的冷轧。
所述最终退火步骤为:冷轧后的板材,加热到900-950℃进行最终退火1~2h,然后快速降温至300~440℃,保温3~5分钟,之后空冷至室温,即可获得所述电机用无取向硅钢。
所述无取向硅钢成品的磁感B50为1.80T以上、铁损P1.5/50小于2.70W/kg。
优选地,所述无取向硅钢成品包含以下元素组成:C:0.01%,Si:3.50%,Ni:0.95%,Zr:1.20%,Hf:0.01%,Mn:2.30%,Sn:1.15%,Cr:2.35%,Al:0.25%,Zn:0.50%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。
本发明的优点是:通过无取向硅钢元素组成成分的选择,不用特意添加稀土元素,热处理步骤简单易操作,实现了低生产成本。并且,最终获得的产品在更宽幅的频率下,获得了优良的磁感应强度和铁损性能,满足了电机对于无方向性电磁钢板产品的应用需求。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和对比例对本发明进一步详细说明。
实施例1:
C:0.01%,Si:3.50%,Ni:0.95%,Zr:1.20%,Hf:0.01%,Mn:2.30%,Sn:1.15%,Cr:2.35%,Al:0.25%,Zn:0.50%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。所述无取向硅钢成品的再结晶组织占总体的75%;所述无取向硅钢成品的平均粒径为60μm。加热到1000℃进行热轧,然后以20℃/s的速度降温,在500℃进行卷取。将卷取后的板材重新加热到820℃,加热速率为10℃/s,进行中间退火。将中间退火后的板材,在Ar和He的混合气氛作为保护气氛下,进行80%压下率的冷轧。冷轧后的板材,加热到900℃进行最终退火1h,然后快速降温至300℃,保温3分钟,之后空冷至室温,即可获得所述电机用无取向硅钢。所述无取向硅钢成品的磁感B50为1.80T以上、铁损P1.5/50小于2.70W/kg。
实施例2:
C:0.02%,Si:4.50%,Ni:0.85%,Zr:1.00%,Hf:0.02%,Mn:2.20%,Sn:1.05%,Cr:2.25%,Al:0.40%,Zn:0.80%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。所述无取向硅钢成品的再结晶组织占总体的85%;所述无取向硅钢成品的平均粒径为80μm。加热到1100℃进行热轧,然后以30℃/s的速度降温,在580℃进行卷取。将卷取后的板材重新加热到840℃,加热速率为12℃/s,进行中间退火。将中间退火后的板材,在Ar和He的混合气氛作为保护气氛下,进行85%压下率的冷轧。冷轧后的板材,加热到950℃进行最终退火1h,然后快速降温至400℃,保温5分钟,之后空冷至室温,即可获得所述电机用无取向硅钢。所述无取向硅钢成品的磁感B50为1.80T以上、铁损P1.5/50小于2.70W/kg。
实施例3:
C:0.01%,Si:3.80%,Ni:1.15%,Zr:1.50%,Hf:0.01%,Mn:2.50%,Sn:1.25%,Cr:2.55%,Al:0.35%,Zn:0.70%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。所述无取向硅钢成品的再结晶组织占总体的80%;所述无取向硅钢成品的平均粒径为100μm。加热到1050℃进行热轧,然后以25℃/s的速度降温,在560℃进行卷取。将卷取后的板材重新加热到860℃,加热速率为15℃/s,进行中间退火。将中间退火后的板材,在Ar和He的混合气氛作为保护气氛下,进行80%压下率的冷轧。冷轧后的板材,加热到900℃进行最终退火1h,然后快速降温至440℃,保温4分钟,之后空冷至室温,即可获得所述电机用无取向硅钢。所述无取向硅钢成品的磁感应强度B50为1.80T以上、铁损P1.5/50小于2.70W/kg。
对比例1:
将其他元素成分或含量的无取向硅钢,采用同样的工艺步骤制备后,所得到的无取向硅钢成品的磁感B50很难达到1.70T以上、铁损P1.5/50大于3.20W/kg。
对比例2:
将元素成分和含量与实施例1相同的无取向硅钢,采用其他烧结方式或工艺参数制备时,其所得到的无取向硅钢产品的铁损P1.5/50大于4.50W/kg。
由实施例1-3和对比例1和2可以看出,本发明对于无取向硅钢元素组成成分的选择,以及热处理步骤和参数范围的选定,是本申请实现低成本生产,且使最终产品在更宽幅的频率下,获得优良的磁性能,满足了电机应用需求的关键。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种电机用无取向硅钢的制备方法,其特征在于:其中,所述无取向硅钢成品包含以下元素组成:C:0.01-0.02%,Si:3.50-4.50%,Ni:0.85-1.15%,Zr:0.80-1.50%,Hf:0.01-0.02%,Mn:2.20-2.50%,Sn:1.05-1.25%,Cr:2.25-2.55%,Al:0.20-0.40%,Zn:0.50-0.80%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比;其中,Al和Mn元素含量之和满足2.5%<{[Al]+[Mn]}<2.7%;所述无取向硅钢成品的再结晶组织占总体的75~85%;所述无取向硅钢成品的平均粒径为60-100μm;所述制备方法包括以下步骤:热轧、中间退火、冷轧和最终退火步骤;
所述热轧步骤为:加热到1000-1100℃进行热轧,然后以20~30℃/s的速度降温,在500~580℃进行卷取;
所述中间退火步骤为:将卷取后的板材重新加热到820~860℃,加热速率为10~15℃/s,进行中间退火;
所述冷轧步骤为:将中间退火后的板材,在Ar和He的混合气氛作为保护气氛下,进行80~85%压下率的冷轧;
所述最终退火步骤为:冷轧后的板材,加热到900-950℃进行最终退火1~2h,然后快速降温至300~440℃,保温3~5分钟,之后空冷至室温,即可获得所述电机用无取向硅钢。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述无取向硅钢成品的磁感B50为1.80T以上、铁损P1.5/50小于2.70W/kg。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述无取向硅钢成品包含以下元素组成:C:0.01%,Si:3.50%,Ni:0.95%,Zr:1.20%,Hf:0.01%,Mn:2.30%,Sn:1.15%,Cr:2.35%,Al:0.25%,Zn:0.50%,P:0.15%以下,S:0.01%以下,N:0.01%以下,余量为Fe,上述百分比为质量百分比。
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CN1078270A (zh) * 1991-10-22 1993-11-10 浦项综合制铁株式会社 磁性能优良的无取向电工钢板及其制法
CN102383037A (zh) * 2011-11-02 2012-03-21 江苏昊达有限责任公司 一种用于电机的高硅无取向电工钢的制备方法

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