CN105907414A - Quick coal pyrolysis reactor - Google Patents
Quick coal pyrolysis reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105907414A CN105907414A CN201610429841.3A CN201610429841A CN105907414A CN 105907414 A CN105907414 A CN 105907414A CN 201610429841 A CN201610429841 A CN 201610429841A CN 105907414 A CN105907414 A CN 105907414A
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- reactor
- oil gas
- filter plate
- wallboard
- granular bed
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/18—Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a quick coal pyrolysis reactor which comprises a reactor body, a cyclone separator built in the upper portion of the reactor body, and a particle moving bed. The particle moving bed comprises side panels and two wallboards fixed to the side wall of the reactor body. A cavity of the particle moving bed is defined by the side panels, the two wallboards and the side wall. The cyclone separator is communicated with a gas inlet of the particle moving bed. A pyrolysis oil gas outlet is formed in the portion, between fixing parts of the wallboards, of the side wall. By arranging the cyclone separator and the particle moving bed on the upper portion of the reactor body, heat preservation and coking of the cyclone separator are effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the particle moving bed is arranged on the pyrolysis oil gas outlet and can make contact with high-temperature coal pyrolysis oil gas through a refrigerant, temperature of the high-temperature coal pyrolysis oil gas is reduced, part of condensed heavy tar is adsorbed, and quality of tar is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal sublevel cascade utilization technical field, particularly relate to for jet coal, brown coal
A kind of coal fast pyrolysis reactor of low-order coal in Deng.
Background technology
China is in industrialization, urbanization Rapid development stage.In this course, the public is to life
Bioplasm amount, living environment, city situation etc. propose the highest standard, life style and consumer
There is more and more significant change in formula.The sustainable growth of automobile pollution, the expansion of living space, with
And the derived demand formed on this basis will become the economic and main power of society's sustainable development.
This will cause a series of changes of economic structure, also will bring the sustainable growth of total energy consumption, special
It it not the growth to oil and natural gas consumption.Chinese energy the name of the game is petroleum resources shortage,
Key issue is the degree that the demand to petroleum gas can undertake considerably beyond Domestic Resources.Coalification
Work industry is the Basic Ways that coal is converted to liquid fuel, gaseous fuel and industrial chemicals, can be
Crucial energy field ensures the degree of self-sufficiency.The pyrolytic process of coal may be generally generated combustible gas, tar
With three class output objects such as semicokes (or coke), the difference of pyrolytic process, the ratio of three series products has
Bigger difference, and have influence on final value of the product and the impact on energy supply structure.
Modern Coal-based Chemical is the high-efficiency cleaning trans-utilization realizing the carbon-containing fuels such as low-order coal, develops
Multiple comprehensive coal chemical technology, as pyrolysis-burning decoupling, the decoupling of pyrolysis-chemicals, pyrolysis-gasification solve
Coupling etc., but rest on the laboratory research stage, because industrialization encounters various skill during amplifying
An art difficult problem, really realizes industrialized the most few.The most especially with pyrolysis reactor design, subsequent purification
Process the particularly problematic of technique.
At present, the main type of furnace that carbon-containing fuel (coal, oil shale, biomass etc.) is pyrolyzed have Fushun stove,
The big profit of Galoter stove and Australia of the husky Leah of three river side's stoves, the solid heat carrier retort of Dalian University of Science & Engineering, love
Sub-ATP stove etc..
The pyrolysis oil gas produced during using above-mentioned pyrolysis oven pyrolysis fine coal, complicated component, heavy are burnt
Oil ingredient is many, and dust content is big, dust is in irregular shape, and gas temperature is high, cause pyrolysis coke breeze and
Pyrolysis oil gas ON-LINE SEPARATION effect is undesirable, causes ash in pyrolysis system fluctuation of service, tar to contain
Amount height, hinders the process of industrialization of pulverized coal pyrolysis technology.Therefore, in pyrolytic process, dedusting technology becomes
The key issue solved it is badly in need of for low-order coal pyrolysis course of industrialization.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of coal fast pyrolysis reactor, and this reactor makes
Material is heated evenly, reduces the dust content being pyrolyzed oil gas in reactor, reduces subsequent high temperature coal heat
Solve the dust content in oil gas Quench tar and heavy component.
The invention provides a kind of coal fast pyrolysis reactor.It is said that in general, the coal Rapid Thermal of the present invention
Solving reactor is heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor.
The coal fast pyrolysis reactor of the present invention includes:
Reactor body；
Cyclone separator, is built in the top of described reactor body；
Granular bed, described granular bed includes:
Side panel, two wallboards being fixed on the sidewall of described reactor body, the most described side
Plate, said two wallboard and described sidewall limit the cavity of described granular bed, and described granule moves
The top of bed is open upper shed, as particle entrance, be arranged on described side panel multiple enter
QI KOU, and telescopic valve, be arranged in the bottom of described granular bed, as described granule
The end of moving bed；
Wherein, described cyclone separator is communicated to the air inlet of described granular bed；Described wallboard
Pyrolysis oil gas vent it is provided with on sidewall between fixed position.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described granular bed farther includes dividing plate, described
Between baffle arrangement said two wallboard and relative with described side panel, thus in described dividing plate, institute
Stating and form the first air chamber between two wallboards and described side panel, described dividing plate is porous plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described granular bed farther includes filter plate, described
Filter plate is arranged between said two wallboard and relative with described pyrolysis oil gas vent, thus in described filter
The second air chamber is limited between sidewall between plate, said two wallboard and the fixed position of described wallboard,
Described filter plate is porous plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described granular bed farther includes filter plate, described
Filter plate is arranged on described pyrolysis oil gas outlet, by described pyrolysis oil gas vent and described granular bed
Isolation, described filter plate is porous plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the aperture of described dividing plate is 0～0.05mm, hole close
Spend for area hole count no less than 500～5000/cm2。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the aperture of described filter plate is 0～0.1mm, the density in hole
For area hole count no less than 50～5000/cm2。
According to one embodiment of the invention, described valve is plate body, fixing at described wallboard
Sidewall between position is provided with elongated hole, and described valve is telescopic is installed on described elongated hole.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described valve is push-pull valve, wherein said push-pull valve cloth
Put the bottom at described granular bed.Such as, the handwheel of described push-pull valve is by described reactor body
Outside through inwall, thus make the flashboard bottom as described granular bed of described push-pull valve.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described reactor also includes gas collecting apparatus, described gas collection
Device is arranged on inside described reactor body, and described gas collecting apparatus is with described cyclone separator even
Connect.
The present invention arranges cyclone separator and granular bed on reactor body top, it is thus achieved that multiple
Benefit.Such as, before high-temperature coal pyrolysis oil gas goes out pyrolysis oven, the thin dirt in pyrolysis oil gas is trapped in
In pyrolysis oven, thus effectively reduce the dustiness of pyrolysis oil gas.External with cyclone separator compare,
By built-in for the cyclone separator insulation efficiently solving cyclone separator and coking problem.Meanwhile, general
Grain moving bed is placed in pyrolysis oil gas vent, during raw material enters reactor body, and part material
Enter granular bed and decline in granular bed, can be by cold coal and high-temperature coal pyrolysis oil gas
Contact, reduction high-temperature coal pyrolysis oil temperature, absorbed portion condensed tar, particularly, partly (40～60%)
Heavy tar condensation returns pyrolysis oven with pyrolysis feed, thus increases the light components in tar, thus
Improve the quality of tar.
For the ease of describing, in this article, term " coal fast pyrolysis reactor ", " heat accumulating type is descending
Bed reactor ", " pyrolysis oven " be used interchangeably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coal fast pyrolysis reactor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of granular bed one embodiment in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is carried out more detailed
Explanation, so as to the advantage being more fully understood that the solution of the present invention and various aspects thereof.But,
Specific embodiments described below and embodiment are only descriptive purposes rather than to the present invention
Limit.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coal fast pyrolysis reactor, as it is shown in figure 1, coal fast pyrogenation
Reactor includes reactor body 1, cyclone separator 2, granular bed 3, heat accumulation type radiant tube 4
And gas collecting apparatus.Gas collecting apparatus is arranged on inside reactor body, including gas collection pattern pipe 5, discharge
6 and gas gathering manifold 7.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor of the present invention is heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor, reactor body 1
For pyrolytic reaction container.Feed(raw material)inlet is offered at the top of pyrolytic reaction container, is provided with heat on sidewall
Solve oil gas vent.
Cyclone separator 2 is built in the top of reactor body 1, as primary dust removing equipment and gas collection
House steward 7 connects.
Granular bed 3 is fixed on the sidewall of pyrolytic reaction vessel 1, and will be pyrolyzed oil gas vent
Cover, of the present invention cover, refer to that granular bed will pyrolysis oil gas vent and reactor inner chamber
Isolation.Granular bed 3 connects with cyclone separator so that pyrolysis oil gas can be by gas collecting apparatus warp
Cyclone separator enters granular bed, pyrolysis oil gas vent discharge outside reaction vessel body 1.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube 4 is arranged in reactor body 1, and heat accumulation type radiant tube 4 is along reactor originally
The short transverse multi-tier arrangement of body 1, arranges many heat accumulating type spokes the most parallel to each other for every layer
Penetrate pipe 4.Owing to using multilamellar heat accumulation type radiant tube 4 heat supply, response system simple in construction, easy to operate,
Heats is good, uniformity of temperature profile.Every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube and adjacent bilevel heat accumulating type
Radial canal 4 short transverse parallel to each other and along reactor body 1 is interspersed.Thus, can be notable
Improve the pyrolysis efficiency of reactor, thus improve the output capacity of product.
Gas collection pattern pipe 5 is arranged on the inside of reactor body 1, and gas collection pattern pipe 5 is along reactor originally
The short transverse multi-tier arrangement of body 1, every layer has many gas collection pattern pipes 5 parallel to each other.Gas collection flower
Stricture of vagina pipe 5 is arranged in parallel with heat accumulation type radiant tube 4, and in the respective left and right sides of heat accumulation type radiant tube 4
Two gas collection pattern pipes 5 are arranged symmetrically with it.Gas collection pattern pipe 5 is connected with discharge 6.
Discharge 6 is many, is arranged on the inside of reactor body 1, along the height of reactor body 1
Degree direction multi-tier arrangement, every described discharge 6 connects gas collection pattern pipe 5 described in two-layer.
Discharge 6 is all connected to gas gathering manifold 7.It is internal that gas gathering manifold 7 is arranged on reactor body 1,
Gas gathering manifold 7 is arranged along the inside wall height direction of reactor body 1.Gas gathering manifold 7 connects whirlwind and divides
From device 2.The pyrolysis oil gas of generation can be quickly introduced cyclone separator 2 by gas collecting apparatus, effectively improves
Economic benefit.
Fig. 2 is the top view of granular bed one embodiment in the present invention.As in figure 2 it is shown, granule
Moving bed 3 is arranged on the sidewall of reactor body 1.In the present embodiment, granular bed 3 wraps
Include wallboard 301, side panel 302, dividing plate 303, air inlet 304, filter plate 305 and valve 306.
Two wallboards 301 are separately fixed on the sidewall of reactor body 1.For convenience of explanation, special
Refer to that the sidewall between the fixed position of sidewall at two wallboards is referred to as " partial sidewall ".Pyrolysis
Oil gas vent 8 is arranged in this " partial sidewall ", i.e. on the sidewall between the fixed position of wallboard
It is provided with pyrolysis oil gas vent 8.Side panel 302 is fixed in the middle of two wallboards 301.Two wallboards
301, the partial sidewall of side panel 302 and reactor body 1 is the cylindrical body of both ends open, around shape
Become the cavity of granular bed.This cavity opens up and down, forms the passage that raw material falls.In other words
Saying, the top of granular bed 3 is open upper shed, as particle entrance.At granular bed 3
Bottom be provided with telescopic valve 306, by control valve 306 aperture, control discharging speed
Degree.
Valve 306 is a plate body, suitable under " partial sidewall " of previous reaction device body 1
Position arranges elongated hole, and valve 306 is telescopic to be installed in elongated hole.Direction outside reactor body
Draw valve 306, the raw material falling speed in granular bed cavity can be accelerated；In reactor body
Direction pushes away valve 306, can slow down the raw material falling speed in granular bed cavity.Operator can depend on
Need to carry out autonomous operation according to production.
Arranging multiple air inlet 304 on side panel 302, air inlet 304 is connected with cyclone separator 2.
The pyrolysis oil gas that cyclone separator 2 is collected from gas collecting apparatus, is entered into granule by air inlet 304 and moves
In the cavity of movable bed, discharged outside reactor body 1 by pyrolysis oil gas vent after its interior raw material filters.
Granular bed farther includes dividing plate 303, and dividing plate 303 is arranged between two wallboards 301,
And it is relative with side panel 302.Dividing plate 303 is by the cavity isolation of air inlet with granular bed.Pyrolysis
Oil gas enters air inlet, is entered the cavity of granular bed by dividing plate 303.Dividing plate 303 is porous
Plate, the aperture of dividing plate 303 is 0～0.05mm, and the density in hole is that area hole count is no less than 500～5000
Individual/cm2.Dividing plate can be ventilated so that contacts with raw material in the cavity of pyrolysis oil gas entrance granular bed,
Can stop that again raw material is entered in cyclone separator by air inlet.
Further, dividing plate 303 and side panel 302 interval are arranged, by 303, two wallboards of dividing plate
301 and side panel 302 form the first air chamber 307.So, the pyrolysis oil gas entered from air inlet is advanced
Entering the first air chamber 307, be full of the first air chamber 307, pyrolysis oil gas can be with the entrance of dividing plate uniform contact
The cavity of grain moving bed.The setting of the first air chamber 307 makes full use of dividing plate so that whole ginsengs of dividing plate
With ventilation-isolation work, it is to avoid dividing plate is because of the partial ventilation of only corresponding air inlet, and frequency is excessive makes in use
The pore becoming this part to be distributed is blocked by tar too early and scraps, and extends the service life of dividing plate, subtracts
Little shut-down changes the frequency of dividing plate, improves production efficiency.
Granular bed 3 farther includes filter plate 305, and filter plate 305 is arranged between two wallboards 301 also
And relative with pyrolysis oil gas vent 8, filter plate 305 is by the cavity of pyrolysis oil gas vent with granular bed
Isolation.Filter plate is porous plate.The aperture of filter plate 305 is 0～0.1mm, and the density in hole is area hole count
No less than 50～5000/cm2.Pyrolysis oil gas, by filter plate 305, is discharged reaction by pyrolysis oil gas vent
Device body 1 is external.
The sidewall spacers of filter plate 305 and reactor body 1 is arranged, by 305, two wallboards 301 of filter plate
The second air chamber 308 is surrounded with sidewall.So, pyrolysis oil gas is entered the second gas by the cavity of granular bed
During room 308, all participation work of filter plate 305, it is to avoid filter plate is because of only corresponding pyrolysis oil gas vent 8
Partial ventilation, use the excessive pore causing this part to be distributed of frequency blocked by tar too early and scrap,
Extending the service life of filter plate, reducing stops work changes the frequency of filter plate, improves production efficiency.
Filter plate and dividing plate also have another set-up mode: filter plate is arranged at pyrolysis oil gas vent 8,
Dividing plate is put at air inlet, is isolated with granular bed 3 by pyrolysis oil gas vent 8.In general,
The pyrolysis oil gas vent of reactor, air inlet are with one section of pipe joint, the convenient pipeline with transmission gas
Connecting, the dividing plate of the present invention just can be arranged in the inlet tube joint of granular bed, and filter plate sets
Put in the pipe joint of pyrolysis oil gas vent, it is possible to reduce filter plate, the material consumption of dividing plate.
The feed(raw material)inlet of reactor of the present invention is arranged on reactor body 1 central upper portion position, facilitates thing
Material enters and free-falling.Feed(raw material)inlet can connect feed hopper and feeding screw.Semicoke outlet is arranged
In reactor body 1 lower central position, it is simple to semicoke is quickly moved out reactor body 1.
A kind of coal fast pyrolysis reactor disclosed by the invention, the built-in cyclonic separation in reactor body top
Device and granular bed dedusting, enter stove pyrolyzing coal and be partially into granular bed, and pyrolysis oil gas is through rotation
Wind separator and granular bed effectively reduce the dustiness in pyrolysis gas, reduce follow-up tar pre-
Processing cost, reduces pyrolysis of coal oil gas temperature by dust pelletizing system simultaneously, makes part heavy tar cold
Solidifying, reduce heavy tar yield.
The work process using coal fast pyrolysis reactor of the present invention to carry out low-order coal pyrolysis is as follows:
Raw material (low-order coal granule) is added by the feed(raw material)inlet of reactor body central upper portion position,
During raw material falls, part low-order coal granule is entered the cavity of granular bed by particle entrance
In, under the regulation of telescopic valve, fall according to the speed set.Low-order coal granule is in reaction
Device is the most internal to be pyrolyzed, and produces the pyrolysis oil gas with impurity, and pyrolysis oil gas is collected by gas collecting apparatus,
In cyclone separator is sent to granular bed, after the low-order coal particle filtering by decline, discharge
Outside reactor body.
Embodiment
Feed coal is crushed to below 3mm, enters reactor body through feed(raw material)inlet.Part material coal
Enter granular bed, by the Valve controlling feed coal bottom control moving bed within grain bed
Translational speed, typically less than 0.5m/s can be such as 0.1,0.2,0.3m/s.High temperature pyrolysis oil gas
Collect through gas collecting apparatus, through cyclone separator and granular bed, effectively reduce in pyrolysis oil gas
Dustiness, reduce pyrolysis of coal oil gas temperature simultaneously, partly the condensation of (40～60%) heavy tar with
Pyrolysis feed returns pyrolysis oven.Pyrolysis oil gas dustiness is reduced to 0.2g/Nm3, there is no granular bed
Dustiness 5.5g/Nm3。
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only in order to illustrate the present invention
And unrestricted the scope of the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, without departing from this
The amendment on the premise of bright spirit and scope carried out the present invention or equivalent, all should contain
Within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, unless the context outside indication, the word bag occurred in the singular
Including plural form, vice versa.It addition, unless stated otherwise, then any embodiment whole or
A part can use in conjunction with all or part of of any other embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. a coal fast pyrolysis reactor, it is characterised in that described reactor includes:
Reactor body；
Cyclone separator, is built in the top of described reactor body；
Granular bed, described granular bed includes:
Side panel, two wallboards being fixed on the sidewall of described reactor body, thus described
Side panel, said two wallboard and described sidewall limit the cavity of described granular bed,
The top of described granular bed is open,
The multiple air inlets being arranged on described side panel,
And telescopic valve, it is arranged in the bottom of described granular bed；
Wherein, described cyclone separator is communicated to the air inlet of described granular bed；
Pyrolysis oil gas vent, described pyrolysis oil gas vent is arranged between the fixed position of described wallboard
On sidewall.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described granule
Moving bed farther includes dividing plate, described baffle arrangement between said two wallboard and with described side
Panel is relative, thus forms the first gas between described dividing plate, said two wallboard and described side panel
Room, described dividing plate is porous plate.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described granule
Moving bed farther includes filter plate, described filter plate arrange between said two wallboard and with described pyrolysis
Oil gas vent is relative, thus described filter plate, said two wallboard and described wallboard fixed position it
Between sidewall between limit the second air chamber, described filter plate is porous plate.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described granule
Moving bed farther includes filter plate, and described filter plate is arranged on described pyrolysis oil gas outlet, described filter plate
For porous plate.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described dividing plate
Aperture be 0～0.05mm, the density in hole is area hole count no less than 500～5000/cm2。
6. according to the coal fast pyrolysis reactor described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described
The aperture of filter plate is 0～0.1mm, and the density in hole is that area hole count is no less than 50～5000/cm2。
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described valve
For plate body, the sidewall between the fixed position of described wallboard have elongated hole, described valve can
Flexible is installed on described elongated hole.
8. according to the coal fast pyrolysis reactor according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that
Described valve is push-pull valve, and the handwheel of wherein said push-pull valve is passed by outside described reactor body
Inwall, thus makes the flashboard bottom as described granular bed of described push-pull valve.
9. according to the coal fast pyrolysis reactor according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that
Described reactor also includes that gas collecting apparatus, described gas collecting apparatus are arranged on inside described reactor body,
And described gas collecting apparatus is connected with described cyclone separator.
Coal fast pyrolysis reactor the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described instead
Gas collecting apparatus, described gas collecting apparatus are arranged on inside described reactor body to answer device also to include, and institute
State gas collecting apparatus to be connected with described cyclone separator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610429841.3A CN105907414A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Quick coal pyrolysis reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610429841.3A CN105907414A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Quick coal pyrolysis reactor |
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| CN105907414A true CN105907414A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Family
ID=56750631
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| CN201610429841.3A Pending CN105907414A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Quick coal pyrolysis reactor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114181740A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 永康市彭伟自动化设备有限公司 | Biomass pyrolysis self-ash-removing equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114181740A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 永康市彭伟自动化设备有限公司 | Biomass pyrolysis self-ash-removing equipment |
| CN114181740B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-09-26 | 湖北昌能生物质发电有限公司 | Biomass pyrolysis self-ash removal equipment |
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Application publication date: 20160831 |